Housing Trust Fund.
Established in 1986, the Washington Housing Trust Fund (HTF) program provides grants or loans to help communities develop and preserve affordable housing to meet the needs of low-income and special needs populations. 
 
The HTF is governed by two statutory programs:  (1) the Housing Assistance Program established in 1986; and (2) the Affordable Housing Program (Program) established in 1991.  The 1991-93 Capital Budget provided $8 million for the Program and $34 million for the Housing Assistance Program.  Since that time, the capital budget appropriations do not distinguish between the two programs.  The Department of Commerce (Commerce) refers to both of these statutes in the administration of the HTF.

Commerce must announce an HTF grant and loan application period of at least 90 days duration through major media throughout the state.  

Capital Bond Proceeds. 
Legislative appropriations from capital bond proceeds in the two statutory programs governing the HTF are limited to:

• new construction, rehabilitation, or acquisition of low-income and very low-income housing units;
• down payment or closing cost assistance for eligible first-time home buyers;
• acquisition of housing units for the purpose of preservation as low-income or very low-income housing;
• mortgage subsidies for new construction or rehabilitation of eligible multifamily units; and
• mortgage insurance guarantee or payments for eligible projects.

Capital bond proceeds may not be used for Commerce administrative costs, except that during the 2021-23 fiscal biennium, the Legislature authorized Commerce to use up to 3 percent of the appropriations from capital bond proceeds for administrative costs associated with application, distribution, and project development activities of the housing assistance program.

Capital Budget Provisions.
The definition of "first-time home buyer" is an individual who has not owned a home during the prior three-year period.  The 2021-23 Capital Budget includes an expanded definition for "first-time home buyer" to include an individual who meets any of the following:

• a single parent who has only owned a home with a former spouse while married;
• an individual who is a displaced homemaker and has only owned a home with a spouse;
• an individual who has only owned a principal residence not permanently affixed to a permanent foundation; and
• an individual who has only owned a property that is discerned to be uninhabitable by a licensed building inspector.

 
The 2021-23 Capital Budget appropriates funding for the Housing Preservation Program (HPP).  The HPP competitively awards grants or loans to fund major building improvements, preservation, and system replacements necessary for the existing HTF portfolio to maintain long-term viability.  A property capital needs assessment must be submitted to Commerce prior to contract execution.  The HPP applications are evaluated based on the following criteria:

• the age of the property, with priority given to buildings older than 15 years old;
• the population served, with priority given to projects serving the lowest income populations;
• the degree of demonstrated reduction in operating or utility costs;
• the potential for additional years added to the affordability commitment period; and
• other criteria determined by Commerce.

 
The capital budget requires Commerce to report on its website the following for every funding cycle:

• the number of homeownership and multifamily projects funded by the HTF;
• the percentage of the HTF investments made to homeownership and multifamily projects; and
• the total number of households being served at up to 80 percent of the area median income, up to 50 percent of the area median income, and up to 30 percent of the area median income, for both homeownership and multifamily projects.

The capital budget also requires Commerce to annually report on its final cost data for each funded project, including:

• total development cost per unit for each project completed within the past year;
• descriptive statistics such as average and median per unit costs;
• regional cost variation; and
• other costs that Commerce deems necessary to improve cost controls and enhance understanding of development costs.

Commerce must coordinate with the Housing Finance Commission to identify relevant development costs data and ensure that the measures are consistent across relevant agencies.

Administrative Costs.
The cap on Commerce's administrative costs associated with application, distribution, and project development activities is set at 3 percent of annual funds available for the Housing Assistance Program and the Program.  Reappropriations are not included in the calculation of the annual funds available for determining the administrative costs.  The cap on administrative costs for compliance and monitoring activities is set at 0.25 percent of the contracted amount of state investment in the Housing Assistance Program and the Program. 

The operating budget includes an appropriation from the HTF account to support administration and other costs.  The HTF account includes revenues from appropriations by the Legislature, private contributions, repayment of loans, interest on real estate broker's pooled interest bearing escrow accounts, and other sources.

Affordable Housing Land Acquisition Revolving Loan Fund Program.  
The Legislature created the Affordable Housing Land Acquisition Revolving Loan Fund Program (LAP) in 2007.  The Housing Commission administers the LAP, which is a revolving loan fund for land acquisition by eligible organizations that intend to develop affordable housing or facilities intended to provide supportive services to affordable housing residents and low-income households.  In 2017 the Legislature expanded eligibility to vacant or improved land.  Interest rates on the loans may not exceed 1 percent, and the housing developed on the property must be affordable for a minimum of 30 years.

Affordable Housing and Community Facilities Rapid Response Loan Program. 
The Legislature created the Rapid Response Loan Program in 2008.  The Housing Finance Commission administers the Rapid Response Loan Program, which is a revolving fund to provide low-interest, 0 to 3 percent, loans or grants to eligible organizations for purchasing land or real property for affordable housing or community facility development.  Any rental housing produced or acquired through this Rapid Response Loan Program must be preserved for at least 30 years.

The substitute bill:

• directs the Department of Commerce (Commerce) to prioritize at least 10 percent of the funding to organizations that serve and are governed by individuals disproportionately impacted by homelessness, including Black, Indigenous, and other people of color; and lesbian, gay, bisexual, queer, transgender, and other gender-diverse individuals;
• directs Commerce to collaborate with public entities that finance affordable housing, including the Housing Finance Commission, cities and counties in determining the criteria for evaluating applications;
• removes the preference for projects that include an early learning facility;
• directs Commerce to award funding to ranked projects at a sufficient level to complete the financing package necessary for an applicant to move forward with the affordable housing project;
• restricts Commerce from establishing a maximum per-applicant award; and
• removes the section that declares it is in the public interest for Commerce to establish a continuously renewable resource known as the Housing Trust Fund.