988 Suicide and Crisis Lifeline.
In 2021 House Bill 1477 was enacted which established several changes to the behavioral health crisis system in response to the adoption of 988 as the phone number for the National Suicide Prevention and Mental Health Crisis Hotline. The bill established crisis call center hubs (subsequently renamed to designated 988 contact hubs) and further defined a contact center that streamlines clinical interventions and access to resources for people experiencing a behavioral health crisis to provide crisis intervention services, case management, referrals, and connection to crisis system participants.
Designated 988 Contact Hubs.
Designated 988 contact hubs (988 hubs) are a contact center that streamlines clinical interventions and access to resources for people experiencing a behavioral health crisis. The Department of Health (DOH) must designate 988 contact hubs by January 1, 2026. The 988 hubs must display 988 crisis hotline information on their websites and social media, including descriptions of what a caller should expect when contacting the 988 hub and the options available to the caller such as specialized call lines for veterans, American Indian and Alaska Native persons, Spanish-speaking persons, and LGBTQ populations. The website may include resources for programs and services related to suicide prevention for the agricultural community. Each 988 hub must develop and submit protocols to the DOH regarding interactions between the 988 hub and the 911 call centers within the region and receive approval of those protocols.
The 988 hubs, in collaboration with the region's behavioral health administrative services organizations BHASO, must also develop and submit protocols related to the dispatching of endorsed mobile rapid response crisis teams and community-based crisis teams (crisis teams) to the Health Care Authority (HCA) and receive approval of those protocols.
The DOH and the HCA must require 988 crisis call centers and 988 hubs to enter into data sharing agreements with the DOH, the HCA, and BHASOs to provide reports and data regarding 988 crisis hotline calls, including dispatch time, arrival time, and disposition of the outreach for those calls referred for outreach. The DOH must monitor trends in 988 crisis hotline caller data and submit an annual report to the Governor and the Legislature summarizing the data and trends in the information.
Behavioral Health Administrative Services Organizations.
Behavioral health administrative services organizations (BHASOs) are entities contracted with the HCA to administer certain behavioral health services that are not covered by the Medicaid managed care organizations within a specific regional service area. There are 10 BHASOs in Washington. The services provided by a BHASO include maintaining continuously available crisis response services, administering services related to the involuntary commitment of adults and minors, coordinating planning for persons transitioning from long-term commitments, maintaining an adequate network of evaluation and treatment services, and providing services to non-Medicaid clients in accordance with contract criteria.
Every county in Washington is served by a regional crisis line, which are call lines administered or contracted at the regional service area level by BHASOs. Regional crisis lines provide behavioral health crisis response services to callers, which include but are not limited to dispatch of mobile crisis teams, community-based crisis teams, and designated crisis responders.
Behavioral health administrative services organizations shall use their authorities to establish coordination within the behavioral health crisis response system in each regional service area, including establishing comprehensive protocols for dispatching mobile rapid response crisis teams and community-based crisis teams. The BHASO may convene regional behavioral health crisis response system partners and stakeholders to establish clear regional protocols regarding expectations, understandings, lines of communication, and strategies for optimizing crisis response in the regional service area. The regional protocols must describe how crisis response partners will share information consistent with data-sharing requirements, including real-time information sharing between 988 contact hubs and regional crisis lines to create a seamless delivery system. A BHASO must submit the regional protocols to the HCA for approval. If the HCA does not respond within 90 days, the protocols are considered approved until the BHASO and the HCA agree to updated protocols. A BHASO must notify the HCA by January 1, 2025, if it does not intend to submit regional protocols. The DOH and the HCA must provide support to a BHASO in the development of protocols upon the request of the BHASO. The regional protocols must be in writing, and once approved, copies must be provided to the DOH, the HCA, and the state 911 coordination office. The regional protocols should be updated as needed and at least every three years.
A BHASO may recommend to the DOH the 988 contact hub or hubs which it determines are the best fit for partnership and implementation of regional protocols in its regional service area. The contact hub or hubs must be able to connect to the culturally appropriate behavioral health crisis response services. The DOH may designate 988 contact hubs recommended by a BHASO within available resources and when the addition of more hubs is consistent with state requirements and a need identified in regional protocols. If the DOH declines to designate a 988 contact hub, the DOH must provide a written explanation of its reasons to the BHASO.
The DOH must seek recommendations from BHASOs to determine which 988 contact hubs best meet regional needs. The HCA has the primary responsibility of facilitating the coordination of the crisis response system and services to support the work of the designated 988 contact hubs, regional crisis lines, and other coordinated regional behavioral health crisis response system partners. Contracts with 988 contact hubs:
The DOH must designate 988 contact hubs considering the recommendations of BHASOs by January 1, 2026. If a 988 contact hub fails to substantially comply to substantially comply with the contract, data-sharing requirements, or approved regional protocols, the DOH must revoke the designation of the 988 contact hub. After consulting with the affected BHASO, the DOH may designate a 988 contact hub recommended by a BHASO which is able to meet necessary state and federal requirements.
"Coordinated regional behavioral health crisis response system" means the coordinated operation of 988 call centers, regional crisis lines, certified public safety telecommunicators, and other behavioral health crisis system partners within each regional service area. "Regional crisis line" means the behavioral health crisis hotline in each regional service area which provides crisis response services 24 hours a day, seven days a week, 365 days a year including, but not limited to, dispatch of mobile rapid response crisis teams, community-based crisis teams, and designated crisis responders.