AN ACT Relating to strip searches and body cavity searches; amending RCW 10.79.110; and adding new sections to chapter 10.79 RCW.

BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON:

NEW SECTION. Sec. 1. Sections 2 through 5 of this act apply to any person in custody at a holding, detention, or local correctional facility, other than a person committed to incarceration by order of a court, regardless of whether an arrest warrant or other court order was issued before the person was arrested or otherwise taken into custody unless the court issuing the warrant has determined that the person shall not be released on personal recognizance, bail, or bond. Sections 2 through 5 of this act do not apply to a person held for post-conviction incarceration for a criminal offense. The definitions and remedies provided by RCW 10.79.070 and 10.79.110 apply to sections 2 through 5 of this act.

NEW SECTION. Sec. 2. (1) No person may be strip searched without a warrant unless:

(a) There is a reasonable suspicion to believe that a strip search is necessary to discover weapons, criminal evidence, or other contraband, concealed on the body of the person to be searched, that constitutes a threat to the security of a holding, detention, or local correctional facility;

(b) There is probable cause to believe that a strip search is necessary to discover other criminal evidence concealed on the body of the person to be searched, but not constituting a threat to facility security; or

(c) There is a reasonable suspicion to believe that a strip search is necessary to discover a health condition requiring immediate medical attention.

(2) For the purposes of subsection (1) of this section, a reasonable suspicion is deemed to be present when the person to be searched has been arrested for:

(a) A violent offense as defined in RCW 9.94A.030 or any successor statute;

(b) An offense involving escape, burglary, or the use of a deadly weapon; or

(c) A felony offense involving possession of a drug or controlled substance under chapter 69.50 RCW or any successor statute.

NEW SECTION. Sec. 3. (1) A person who has not been arrested for an offense within one of the categories specified in section 2(2) of this act may nevertheless be strip searched, but only upon an individualized determination of reasonable suspicion or probable cause as provided in this section.

(2) With the exception of those situations in which reasonable suspicion is deemed to be present under section 2(2) of this act, no strip search may be conducted without the specific prior written approval of the jail unit supervisor on duty. Before any strip search is conducted, reasonable efforts must be made to use other less-intrusive means, such as pat-down, electronic metal detector, or clothing searches, to determine whether a weapon, contraband, criminal evidence, or a health condition requiring immediate medical attention is present. The determination of whether reasonable suspicion or probable cause exists to conduct a strip search shall be made only after such less-intrusive means have been used and shall be based on a consideration of all information and circumstances known to the officer authorizing the strip search, including but not limited to the following factors:

(a) The nature of the offense for which the person to be searched was arrested;

(b) The prior criminal record of the person to be searched; and

NEW SECTION. Sec. 4. (1) A written record of any strip search shall be maintained in the individual file of each person strip searched.

(2) With respect to any strip search conducted under section 3 of this act, the record shall contain the following information:

(a) The name of the supervisor authorizing the strip search;

(b) The specific facts constituting reasonable suspicion to believe that the strip search was necessary;

(c) The name and serial number of the officer conducting the strip search and of all other persons present or observing during any part of the strip search;

(d) The time, date, and place of the strip search; and

(e) Any weapons, criminal evidence, other contraband, or health condition discovered as a result of the strip search.

(3) With respect to any strip search conducted under section 2(2) of this act, the record shall contain, in addition to the offense or offenses for which the person searched was arrested, the information required by subsection (2) (c), (d), and (e) of this section.

(4) The record may be included or incorporated in existing forms used by the facility, including the booking form required under the Washington Administrative Code. A notation of the name of the person strip searched shall also be entered in the log of daily activities or other chronological record maintained pursuant to the Washington Administrative Code. (5) Except at the request of the person to be searched, no person may be present or observe during the strip search unless necessary to conduct the search.

NEW SECTION. Sec. 5. (1) Physical examinations conducted by licensed medical professionals solely for health quarantine purposes under separate statutory authority shall not be considered searches for purposes of sections 2, 3, and 4 of this act. However, prior to conducting any such physical examination on any person under section 1 of this act, the person to be examined shall be plainly told, both orally and in writing, that the examination is not a search and is to be performed for health quarantine purposes only, that the examination will be conducted only by a licensed medical professional, and that the person has a right to refuse consent to the examination. If the person to be examined does not consent in writing to the examination after being so advised, no examination may be conducted without specific written authorization from the ranking health department supervisor on duty having legal authority to order involuntary medical examinations for health purposes.

(2) If an examination is performed under this section, the following protections shall be observed:

(a) Except with the approval of the person to be examined, no person may be present or observe during the examination unless necessary to conduct the examination. The examination shall be conducted only in a private area not exposed to observation by any other person.

(b) Other than a licensed medical professional conducting the examination or at the request of the person to be examined, only persons of the same sex as the person to be examined may be present during the examination.

(3) A written record of any such health quarantine physical examination shall be kept as part of the individual medical or health-care records of the person examined and shall include the written consent to the examination required by this section, the name of the person authorizing the examination, any written authorization for an involuntary examination, the specific facts indicating that an examination is necessary, the name and sex of all persons present during any part of the examination, the time, date, and place of the examination, and the findings of the examination. This record may be incorporated or included in existing forms used by the facility, including health records maintained pursuant to the Washington Administrative Code.

Sec. 6. Section 6, chapter 42, Laws of 1983 1st ex. sess. and RCW 10.79.110 are each amended to read as follows:

(1) A person who suffers damage or harm as a result of a violation of RCW 10.79.080, 10.79.090, or 10.79.100 may bring a civil action to recover actual damages sustained by him or her. The court may, in its discretion, award injunctive and declaratory relief as it deems necessary, including reasonable attorneys' fees.

(2) RCW 10.79.080, 10.79.090, and 10.79.100 shall not be construed as limiting any constitutional, common law, or statutory right of any person regarding any action for damages or injunctive relief, or as precluding the prosecution under another provision of law of any law enforcement officer or other person who has violated RCW 10.79.080, 10.79.090, or 10.79.100.

NEW SECTION. Sec. 7. Sections 1 through 5 of this act are added to chapter 10.79 RCW.