Washington State

House of Representatives

Office of Program Research

BILL

ANALYSIS

Judiciary Committee

SSB 5381

This analysis was prepared by non-partisan legislative staff for the use of legislative members in their deliberations. This analysis is not a part of the legislation nor does it constitute a statement of legislative intent.

Brief Summary of Substitute Bill

Requires law enforcement agencies to establish a protocol for notifying family or household members when a privately owned firearm is being returned to a person and to comply with certain requirements before returning the firearm.
Prohibits public disclosure of notification information and provides public agencies, officials, and employees with limited immunity for damages based on the release of, or failure to release, information related to the notification system.
Provides that a person who knowingly makes a request for notification based on false information is guilty of a gross misdemeanor.

Background:

Law enforcement agencies may obtain possession of privately owned firearms in accordance with laws authorizing firearms seizure or requiring the surrender of firearms. There are various statutes authorizing seizure and forfeiture of property, including firearms, due to the property's connection with criminal activity. In addition, there are statutes that specifically authorize the forfeiture or surrender of firearms in certain cases.

The firearm forfeiture statute allows law enforcement officers to seize, and courts to order forfeiture, of firearms under a number of circumstances, including if the firearm is proven to be: concealed on a person without a concealed pistol license or found in the possession of a person prohibited from possessing firearms; in the possession of a person at the time of the commission of or arrest for a felony, or while criminal charges are pending; in the possession of a person who was mentally incompetent when apprehended; or used in the commission of certain crimes. Firearms seized under this statute must be returned if the court finds there is no probable cause to believe a violation occurred or if the criminal proceedings are dismissed.

Under the firearm surrender statute, a person who is subject to a protection order, no-contact order, or restraining order may be required to surrender his or her firearms or dangerous weapons while the order is in place. If the person to be restrained has used or threatened to use a firearm in the commission of a felony, or is otherwise disqualified from having a firearm, the court either may or must require the person to surrender his or her firearms, dangerous weapons, and concealed pistol license, depending on the evidence presented. In addition, the court must order surrender of firearms where the order is issued after notice and an opportunity to be heard and meets certain other factors, including that the order finds that the restrained person is a credible threat to the physical safety of an intimate partner or the child of an intimate partner or the person and, by its terms, restrains the person from using or threatening physical force against an intimate partner or child.

A person may surrender his or her firearm to the local law enforcement agency, the restrained persons' counsel, or another person designated by the court. Law enforcement agencies are required to have policies and procedures regarding acceptance, storage, and return of firearms and weapons required to be surrendered.

Summary of Bill:

Law enforcement agencies must establish a notification protocol to allow a family or household member to use an incident or case number to request notification before the return of a privately owned firearm to the person from whom it was obtained or to that person's representative. The notification may be made by telephone, electronic mail, text message, or other method that provides notification without delay. The agency may provide one notification if it is returning more than one firearm to the person. A law enforcement agency must not release the notification information to any party other than a family or household member who has an incident or case number and who has requested notification. Notification information is not subject to public disclosure under the Public Records Act.

A law enforcement agency must take a number of steps before returning a privately owned firearm. The law enforcement agency must confirm that the firearm is being returned to the person from whom it was obtained, or the person's authorized representative, and that the person is eligible to possess a firearm. Within one business day of a request by a person to return a firearm, the law enforcement agency must provide notification to a family or household member who has requested notification prior to the return of the firearm. The law enforcement agency may not return the firearm until 72 hours have elapsed from the time the notification to a family member has been provided. If no request for notification was made, the law enforcement agency must not return the firearm until 24 hours have elapsed since the agency obtained the firearm. Once all notification and other requirements are met, the law enforcement agency must release the firearm to the individual from whom it was obtained or that person's authorized representative.

Public agencies, officials, and employees are immune from civil liability for damages based on the release of, or failure to release, information related to the notification system as long as the release or failure to release was without gross negligence.

A person who knowingly makes a request for notification based on false information may be liable for the gross misdemeanor crime of Making a False or Misleading Statement to a Public Servant.