PERMANENT RULES
Effective Date of Rule: July 1, 2011.
Purpose: To consolidate several proposals, as follows:
| • | As noted in WSR 10-16-043: WAC 51-50-1005.1 will provide consistency between past and future egress width requirements in the State Building Code (chapter 51-50 WAC). |
| • | As noted in WSR 10-16-043: WAC 51-54-1000 will provide consistency between past and future egress width requirements in the State Fire Code (chapter 51-54 WAC). |
| • | As noted in WSR 10-16-044: WAC 51-50-0903 Section 903.2.7 will provide consistency between past and future sprinkler requirements in the State Building Code (chapter 51-50 WAC). |
| • | As noted in WSR 10-16-044: WAC 51-54-0900 Section 903.2.7 will provide consistency between past and future sprinkler requirements in the State Fire Code (chapter 51-54 WAC). |
| • | As noted in WSR 10-16-092: WAC 51-54-0500, adds section title and corrects numerical error; WAC 51-54-0900, corrects numerical citation; WAC 51-54-1000, eliminates duplicate language contained in base code and renumbers several sections incorrectly filed as separate WAC sections by repealing and reincorporating the affected sections back into WAC 51-54-1000 (including WAC 51-54-1007, 51-54-1008, 51-54-1009, 51-54-1010, 51-54-1014, 51-54-1015, 51-54-1017, 51-54-1018, 51-54-1019). The purpose is to clarify the rules, resulting in consistent enforcement. |
| • | As noted in WSR 10-16-093: WAC 51-50-0504.3 will provide consistency in construction methods and 51-50-0504.4 will correct a section number. |
| • | As noted in WSR 10-16-094: WAC 51-50-0903 Section 903.2.1.6 will remove obsolete implementation dates and clarify the intent. |
| • | As noted in WSR 10-16-094: WAC 51-54-0900 Section 903.2.1.6 will correct section numbering, remove obsolete implementation dates and clarify the intent. |
Citation of Existing Rules Affected by this Order: Repealing WAC 51-54-1007, 51-54-1008, 51-54-1009, 51-54-1010, 51-54-1014, 51-54-1015, 51-54-1017, 51-54-1018 and 51-54-1019; and amending WAC 51-50-0504, 51-50-1005, 51-50-0903, 51-54-1000, 51-54-0900, and 51-54-0500.
Statutory Authority for Adoption: Chapter 19.27 RCW.
Adopted under notice filed as WSR 10-16-043 and 10-16-044 on July 26, 2010, and WSR 10-16-092, 10-16-093, and 10-16-094 on July 30, 2010.
Changes Other than Editing from Proposed to Adopted Version: Consolidated several proposals re: Chapters 51-50 and 51-54 WAC into one CR-103P document, as noted in the Purpose statement, above.
A final cost-benefit analysis is available by contacting Tim Nogler, Managing Director, P.O. Box 41011, Olympia, WA 98504-1011, phone (360) 902-7296, fax (360) 586-0493, e-mail tim.nogler@ga.wa.gov.
Number of Sections Adopted in Order to Comply with Federal Statute: New 0, Amended 0, Repealed 0; Federal Rules or Standards: New 0, Amended 0, Repealed 0; or Recently Enacted State Statutes: New 0, Amended 0, Repealed 9.
Number of Sections Adopted at Request of a Nongovernmental Entity: New 0, Amended 0, Repealed 0.
Number of Sections Adopted on the Agency's Own Initiative: New 0, Amended 0, Repealed 0.
Number of Sections Adopted in Order to Clarify, Streamline, or Reform Agency Procedures: New 1, Amended 9, Repealed 9.
Number of Sections Adopted Using Negotiated Rule Making: New 0, Amended 0, Repealed 0; Pilot Rule Making: New 0, Amended 0, Repealed 0; or Other Alternative Rule Making: New 1, Amended 9, Repealed 9.
Date Adopted: October 15, 2010.
John C. Cochran
Chair
OTS-3500.3
NEW SECTION
WAC 51-50-0504
Section 504 -- Height.
504.3 Stair enclosure pressurization increase. For Group R1
and R2 occupancies in buildings of Type VA construction
equipped throughout with an approved automatic sprinkler
system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1, the maximum
number of stories permitted in Section 504.2 may be increased
by one provided the interior exit stairways and ramps are
pressurized in accordance with Section 909.20 and Section
909.11.
504.4 Roof structures. (Same as 2009 IBC except Section
number revised)
[]
903.2.1.6 Nightclub. An automatic sprinkler system shall be
provided throughout Group A-2 nightclubs as defined in this
code. ((An existing nightclub constructed prior to July 1,
2006, shall be provided with automatic sprinklers not later
than December 1, 2009.))
903.2.3 Group E. An automatic sprinkler system shall be
provided for Group E Occupancies.
| EXCEPTIONS: | 1. Portable school classrooms, provided aggregate area of any cluster or portion of a cluster of portable school classrooms does not exceed 5,000 square feet (1465 m2); and clusters of portable school classrooms shall be separated as required by the building code. |
| 2. Group E occupancies with an occupant load of 50 or less, calculated in accordance with Table 1004.1.1. |
1. A Group M fire area exceeds 12,000 square feet (1115 m2).
2. A Group M fire area is located more than three stories above grade plane.
3. The combined area of all Group M fire areas on all floors, including any mezzanines, exceeds 24,000 square feet (2230 m2).
4. Where a Group M occupancy that is used for the display and sale of upholstered furniture or mattresses exceeds 5000 square feet (464 m2).
903.2.8 Group R. An automatic fire sprinkler system installed
in accordance with Section 903.3 shall be provided throughout
all buildings with a Group R fire area.
| EXCEPTION: | Group R-1 if all of the following conditions apply: |
| 1. The Group R fire area is no more than 500 square feet and is used for recreational use only. | |
| 2. The Group R fire area is only one story. | |
| 3. The Group R fire area does not include a basement. | |
| 4. The Group R fire area is no closer than 30 feet from another structure. | |
| 5. Cooking is not allowed within the Group R fire area. | |
| 6. The Group R fire area has an occupant load of no more than 8. | |
| 7. A hand held (portable) fire extinguisher is in every Group R fire area. |
[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.031 and 19.27.074. 10-03-097, § 51-50-0903, filed 1/20/10, effective 7/1/10. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.190, 19.27.020, and chapters 19.27 and 34.05 RCW. 08-01-110, § 51-50-0903, filed 12/18/07, effective 4/1/08. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.074, 19.27.020, and chapters 70.92, 19.27, and 34.05 RCW. 07-01-091, § 51-50-0903, filed 12/19/06, effective 7/1/07. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.020, 19.27.031, 19.27.074, and chapters 19.27 and 34.05 RCW. 05-24-070, § 51-50-0903, filed 12/5/05, effective 7/1/06. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.031 and 19.27.074. 04-01-108, § 51-50-0903, filed 12/17/03, effective 7/1/04.]
1005.1 Minimum required egress width. The means of egress
width shall not be less than required by this section. The
total width of means of egress in inches (mm) shall not be
less than the total occupant load served by the means of
egress multiplied by 0.3 inches (7.62 mm) per occupant for
stairways and by 0.2 inches (5.08 mm) per occupant for other
egress components. The width shall not be less than specified
elsewhere in this code. Multiple means of egress shall be
sized such that the loss of any one means of egress shall not
reduce the available capacity to less than 50 percent of the
required capacity. The maximum capacity required from any
story of a building shall be maintained to the termination of
the means of egress.
| EXCEPTIONS: | 1. Means of egress complying with Section 1028. |
| 2. For other than H and I-2 occupancies, the total width of means of egress in inches (mm) shall not be less than the total occupant load served by the means of egress multiplied by 0.2 inches (5.1 mm) per occupant for stairways and by 0.15 inches (3.8 mm) per occupant for other egress components in buildings that are provided with sprinkler protection in accordance with 903.3.1.1 or 903.3.1.2 and an emergency voice/alarm communication system in accordance with 907.5.2.2. |
[]
OTS-3262.5
AMENDATORY SECTION(Amending WSR 10-03-100, filed 1/20/10,
effective 7/1/10)
WAC 51-54-0500
Chapter 5 -- Fire service features.
SECTION 503 FIRE APPARATUS ACCESS ROADS.
503.1 Where required. Fire apparatus access roads shall be
provided and maintained in accordance with locally adopted
street, road, and access standards.
503.1.1 Buildings and facilities, is not adopted.
503.1.2 Additional access, is not adopted.
503.1.3 High-piled storage, is not adopted.
503.2 Specifications. This section is not adopted.
503.3 Marking. This section is not adopted.
503.4 Obstruction of fire apparatus access roads. This
section is not adopted.
SECTION 507 FIRE PROTECTION WATER SUPPLIES
507.3 Fire flow. Fire flow requirements for buildings or
portions of buildings and facilities shall be determined by an
approved method.
| EXCEPTION: | Fire flow is not required for structures under 500 square feet with a B, U or R-1 occupancy where structures are at least 30 feet from any other structure and are used only for recreation. |
SECTION 508 FIRE COMMAND CENTER
508.1.2 Separation. The fire command center shall be
separated from the remainder of the building by not less than
a 2-hour fire barrier constructed in accordance with Section
707 of the International Building Code or horizontal assembly
constructed in accordance with Section 712 of the
International Building Code, or both.
[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.031 and 19.27.074. 10-03-100, § 51-54-0500, filed 1/20/10, effective 7/1/10. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.031, 19.27.074, and chapters 19.27 and 34.05 RCW. 07-01-093, § 51-54-0500, filed 12/19/06, effective 7/1/07. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.031 and 19.27.074. 04-01-105, § 51-54-0500, filed 12/17/03, effective 7/1/04.]
902.1 Definitions.
ALERT SIGNAL. See Section 402.1.
ALERTING SYSTEM. See Section 402.1.
PORTABLE SCHOOL CLASSROOM. A structure, transportable in one or
more sections, which requires a chassis to be transported, and
is designed to be used as an educational space with or without
a permanent foundation. The structure shall be trailerable
and capable of being demounted and relocated to other
locations as needs arise.
903.2.1.6 Nightclub. An automatic sprinkler system shall be
provided throughout Group A-2 nightclubs as defined in this
code.
903.2.3 Group E. An automatic sprinkler system shall be
provided for Group E Occupancies.
| EXCEPTIONS: | 1. Portable school classrooms, provided aggregate area of any cluster or portion of a cluster of portable school classrooms does not exceed 5,000 square feet (1465 m2); and clusters of portable school classrooms shall be separated as required by the building code. |
| 2. Group E Occupancies with an occupant load of 50 or less, calculated in accordance with Table 1004.1.1. |
1. A Group M fire area exceeds 12,000 square feet (1115 m2).
2. A Group M fire area is located more than three stories above grade plane.
3. The combined area of all Group M fire areas on all floors, including any mezzanines, exceeds 24,000 square feet (2230 m2).
4. Where a Group M occupancy that is used for the display and sale of upholstered furniture or mattresses exceeds 5000 square feet (464 m2).
903.2.8 Group R. An automatic sprinkler system installed in
accordance with Section 903.3 shall be provided throughout all
buildings with a Group R fire area.
| EXCEPTION: | Group R-1 if all of the following conditions apply: |
| 1. The Group R fire area is no more than 500 square feet and is used for recreational use only. | |
| 2. The Group R fire area is on only one story. | |
| 3. The Group R fire area does not include a basement. | |
| 4. The Group R fire area is no closer than 30 feet from another structure. | |
| 5. Cooking is not allowed within the Group R fire area. | |
| 6. The Group R fire area has an occupant load of no more than 8. | |
| 7. A hand held (portable) fire extinguisher is in every Group R fire area. |
SECTION 906 -- PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
906.1 Where required. Portable fire extinguishers shall be
installed in the following locations:
1. In new and existing Group A, B, E, F, H, I, M, R-1, R-2, R-4 and S occupancies.
2. Within 30 feet (9144 mm) of commercial cooking equipment.
3. In areas where flammable or combustible liquids are stored, used or dispensed.
4. On each floor of structures under construction, except Group R-3 occupancies, in accordance with Section 1415.1.
5. Where required by the sections indicated in Table 906.l.
6. Special-hazard areas, including, but not limited to, laboratories, computer rooms and generator rooms, where required by the fire code official.
SECTION 907 -- FIRE ALARM AND DETECTION SYSTEMS
[F] 907.2.8 Group R-1. Fire alarm systems, smoke alarms and
carbon monoxide alarms shall be installed in Group R-1
occupancies as required in this section and Section 907.2.8.4.
[F] 907.2.8.4. Carbon monoxide alarms. For new construction,
an approved carbon monoxide alarm shall be installed by
January 1, 2011, outside of each separate sleeping area in the
immediate vicinity of the bedroom in sleeping units. In a
building where a tenancy exists, the tenant shall maintain the
CO alarm as specified by the manufacturer including
replacement of the batteries.
[F] 907.2.8.4.1 Existing sleeping units. Existing sleeping
units shall be equipped with carbon monoxide alarms by July 1,
2011.
[F] 907.2.8.4.2 Alarm requirements. Single station carbon
monoxide alarms shall be listed as complying with UL 2034 and
shall be installed in accordance with this code and the
manufacturer's installation instructions.
[F] 907.2.9 Group R-2. Fire alarm systems, smoke alarms and
carbon monoxide alarms shall be installed in Group R-2
occupancies as required in Sections 907.2.9.1 through
907.2.9.3.
((907.2.9.1)) [F] 907.2.9.1.1 Group R-2 boarding homes. A
manual fire alarm system shall be installed in Group R-2
occupancies where the building contains a boarding home
licensed by the state of Washington.
| EXCEPTION: | In boarding homes licensed by the state of Washington, manual fire alarm boxes in resident sleeping areas shall not be required at exits if located at all constantly attended staff locations, provided such staff locations are visible, continuously accessible, located on each floor, and positioned so no portion of the story exceeds a horizontal travel distance of 200 feet to a manual fire alarm box. |
[F] 907.2.9.3.1 Existing dwelling units. Existing dwelling
units shall be equipped with carbon monoxide alarms by July 1,
2011.
[F] 907.2.10 Group R-3. Carbon monoxide alarms shall be
installed in Group R-3 occupancies as required in Sections
907.2.10.1 through 907.2.10.3.
[F] 907.2.l0.1 Carbon monoxide alarms. For new construction,
an approved carbon monoxide alarm shall be installed by
January 1, 2011, outside of each separate sleeping area in the
immediate vicinity of the bedroom in dwelling units. In a
building where a tenancy exists, the tenant shall maintain the
CO alarm as specified by the manufacturer including
replacement of the batteries.
[F] 907.2.10.2 Existing dwelling units. Existing dwelling
units shall be equipped with carbon monoxide alarms by July 1,
2011.
| EXCEPTION: | Owner-occupied Group R-3 residences legally occupied prior to July 1, 2010. |
909.6.3 Elevator shaft pressurization. Where elevator shaft
pressurization is required to comply with Exception 6 of IBC
Section 708.14.1, the pressurization system shall comply with
and be maintained in accordance with IBC 708.14.2.
909.6.3.1 Activation. The elevator shaft pressurization
system shall be activated by a fire alarm system which shall
include smoke detectors or other approved detectors located
near the elevator shaft on each floor as approved by the
building official and fire code official. If the building has
a fire alarm panel, detectors shall be connected to, with
power supplied by, the fire alarm panel.
909.6.3.2 Power system. The power source for the fire alarm
system and the elevator shaft pressurization system shall be
in accordance with Section 909.11.
SECTION 915 ALERTING SYSTEMS
915.1 General. An approved alerting system shall be provided
in buildings and structures as required in chapter 4 and this
section, unless other requirements are provided by another
section of this code.
| EXCEPTION: | Approved alerting systems in existing buildings, structures or occupancies. |
| EXCEPTION: | Systems which do not require electrical power to operate. |
915.4 Combination system. Alerting system components and
equipment shall be allowed to be used for other purposes.
915.4.1 System priority. The alerting system use shall take
precedence over any other use.
915.4.2 Fire alarm system. Fire alarm systems sharing
components and equipment with alerting systems must be in
accordance with Section 6.8.4 of NFPA 72.
915.4.2.1 Signal priority. Recorded or live alert signals
generated by an alerting system that shares components with a
fire alarm system shall, when actuated, take priority over
fire alarm messages and signals.
915.4.2.2 Temporary deactivation. Should the fire alarm
system be in the alarm mode when such an alerting system is
actuated, it shall temporarily cause deactivation of all fire
alarm-initiated audible messages or signals during the time
period required to transmit the alert signal.
915.4.2.3 Supervisory signal. Deactivation of fire alarm
audible and visual notification signals shall cause a
supervisory signal for each notification zone affected in the
fire alarm system.
915.5 Audibility. Audible characteristics of the alert signal
shall be in accordance with Section 7.4.1 of NFPA 72
throughout the area served by the alerting system.
| EXCEPTION: | Areas served by approved visual or textual notification, where the visible notification appliances are not also used as a fire alarm signal, are not required to be provided with audibility complying with Section 915.6. |
[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.031 and 19.27.074. 10-03-100, § 51-54-0900, filed 1/20/10, effective 7/1/10. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.190, 19.27.020, and chapters 19.27 and 34.05 RCW. 09-04-027, § 51-54-0900, filed 1/28/09, effective 7/1/10; 08-01-101, § 51-54-0900, filed 12/18/07, effective 4/1/08. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.031, 19.27.074, and chapters 19.27 and 34.05 RCW. 07-01-093, § 51-54-0900, filed 12/19/06, effective 7/1/07. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.020, 19.27.031, 19.27.074 and chapters 19.27 and 34.05 RCW. 05-24-071, § 51-54-0900, filed 12/5/05, effective 7/1/06. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.031 and 19.27.074. 04-01-105, § 51-54-0900, filed 12/17/03, effective 7/1/04.]
Reviser's note: The brackets and enclosed material in the text of the above section occurred in the copy filed by the agency and appear in the Register pursuant to the requirements of RCW 34.08.040.
AMENDATORY SECTION(Amending WSR 09-04-027, filed 1/28/09,
effective 7/1/10)
WAC 51-54-1000
Chapter 10 -- Means of egress.
((1008.1.2 Door swing. Egress doors shall be side-hinged
swinging.
The opening force for interior side-swinging doors
without closers shall not exceed a 5-pound (22 N) force. For
other side-swinging, sliding, and folding doors, the door
latch shall release when subjected to a 15-pound (67 N) force.
The door shall be set in motion when subjected to a 30-pound
(133 N) force. The door shall swing to a full-open position
when subjected to a 15-pound (67 N) force. Forces shall be
applied to the latch side.
1008.1.8.3 Locks and latches. Locks and latches shall be
permitted to prevent operation of doors where any of the
following exists:
1. Places of detention or restraint.
2. In buildings in occupancy Group A having an occupant load of 300 or less, Group B, F, M and S, and in places of religious worship, the main exterior door or doors are permitted to be equipped with key-operated locking devices from the egress side provided:
2.1 The locking device is readily distinguishable as locked.
2.2 A readily visible durable sign is posted on the egress side on or adjacent to the door stating: THIS DOOR TO REMAIN UNLOCKED WHEN BUILDING IS OCCUPIED. The sign shall be in letters 1 inch (25 mm) high on a contrasting background; and
2.3 The use of the key-operated locking device is revocable by the fire code official for due cause.
3. Where egress doors are used in pairs, approved automatic flush bolts shall be permitted to be used, provided that the door leaf having the automatic flush bolts has no doorknob or surface-mounted hardware.
4. Doors from individual dwelling or sleeping units of Group R occupancies having an occupant load of 10 or less are permitted to be equipped with a night latch, dead bolt or security chain, provided such devices are openable from the inside without the use of a key or tool.
5. Approved, listed locks without delayed egress shall be permitted in nursing homes or portions of nursing homes, and boarding homes licensed by the state of Washington, provided that:
5.1 The clinical needs of one or more patients require specialized security measures for their safety;
5.2 The doors unlock upon actuation of the automatic sprinkler systems or automatic fire detection system;
5.3 The doors unlock upon loss of electrical power controlling the lock or lock mechanism;
5.4 The lock shall be capable of being deactivated by a signal from a switch located in an approved location; and
5.5 There is a system, such as a keypad and code, in place that allows visitors, staff persons and appropriate residents to exit. Instructions for exiting shall be posted within six feet of the door.
1009.12 Stairways in individual dwelling units. Stairs or
ladders within an individual dwelling unit used for access to
areas of 200 square feet (18.6 m2) or less, and not containing
the primary bathroom or kitchen, are exempt from the
requirements of Section 1009.
1014.2.2 Group I-2. Habitable rooms or suites in Group I-2
Occupancies shall have an exit access door leading directly to
a corridor.
1014.2.3 Suites in patient sleeping areas. Patient sleeping
areas in Group I-2 Occupancies shall be permitted to be
divided into suites if one of the following conditions is met:
1. The intervening room within the suite is not used as an exit access for more than eight patient beds.
2. The arrangement of the suite allows for direct and constant visual supervision by nursing personnel.
1014.2.3.1 Area. Suites of sleeping rooms shall not exceed
5,000 square feet (465 m2).
1014.2.3.2 Exit access. Any patient sleeping room, or any
suite that includes patient sleeping rooms, of more than 1,000
square feet (93 m2) shall have at least two exit access doors
remotely located from each other.
1014.2.3.3 Travel distance. The travel distance between any
point in a suite of sleeping rooms and an exit access door of
that suite shall not exceed 100 feet (30,480 mm).
1014.2.4 Suites in areas other than patient sleeping areas.
Areas other than patient sleeping areas in Group I-2
Occupancies shall be permitted to be divided into suites.
1014.2.4.1 Area. Suites of rooms, other than patient rooms,
shall not exceed 10,000 square feet (929 m2).
1014.2.4.2 Exit access. Any rooms or suite of rooms, other
than patient sleeping rooms, of more than 2,500 square feet
(232 m2) shall have at least two exit access doors remotely
located from each other.
1014.2.4.3 One intervening room. For rooms other than patient
sleeping rooms, suites of rooms are permitted to have one
intervening room if the travel distance within the suite is
not greater than 100 feet (30,480 mm).
1014.2.4.4 Two intervening rooms. For rooms other than
patient sleeping rooms located within a suite, exit access
travel from within the suite shall be permitted through two
intervening rooms where the travel distance to the exit access
door is not greater than 50 feet (15,240 mm).
1014.2.5 Travel distance. The travel distance between any
point in a Group I-2 Occupancy patient room and an exit access
door in that room shall not exceed 50 feet (15,240 mm).
1014.2.6 Separation. Suites in Group I-2 Occupancies shall be
separated from other portions of the building by a smoke
partition complying with Section 710.
1015.1 Exits or exit access doorways from spaces. Two exits
or exit access doorways from any space shall be provided where
one of the following conditions exists:
1. The occupant load of the space exceeds one of the values in Table 1015.1.
3. Where required by Sections 1015.3, 1015.4, 1015.5, 1015.6 or 1015.6.1.
| (( |
|
1019.1 Exits from stories. All spaces within each story shall
have access to the minimum number of exits as specified in
Table 1019.1 based on the occupant load of the story, except
as modified in Section 1019.2. For the purposes of this
chapter, occupied roofs shall be provided with exits as
required for stories. The required number of exits from any
story, including basements, shall be maintained until arrival
at grade or the public way.
| (( |
|
1. Buildings meeting the limitations of Table 1019.2, provided the building has not more than one level below the first story above grade plane.
2. Buildings of Group R-3 Occupancy.
3. Single-level buildings with occupied spaces at the level of exit discharge provided each space complies with Section 1015.1 as a space with one exit or exit access doorway.
| (( |
||
1005.1 Minimum required egress width. The means of egress
width shall not be less than required by this section. The
total width of means of egress in inches (mm) shall not be
less than the total occupant load served by the means of
egress multiplied by 0.3 inches (7.62 mm) per occupant for
stairways and by 0.2 inches (5.08 mm) per occupant for other
egress components. The width shall not be less than specified
elsewhere in this code. Multiple means of egress shall be
sized such that the loss of any one means of egress shall not
reduce the available capacity to less than 50 percent of the
required capacity. The maximum capacity required from any
story of a building shall be maintained to the termination of
the means of egress.
| EXCEPTIONS: | 1. Means of egress complying with Section 1028. |
| 2. For other than H and I-2 occupancies, the total width of means of egress in inches (mm) shall not be less than the total occupant load served by the means of egress multiplied by 0.2 inches (5.1 mm) per occupant for stairways and by 0.15 inches (3.8 mm) per occupant for other egress components in buildings that are provided with sprinkler protection in accordance with 903.3.1.1 or 903.3.1.2 and an emergency voice/alarm communication system in accordance with 907.5.2.2. |
1007.1 Accessible means of egress required. Accessible means
of egress shall comply with this section. Accessible spaces
shall be provided with not less than one accessible means of
egress. Where more than one means of egress are required by
Section 1015.1 or 1021.1 from any accessible space, each
accessible portion of the space shall be served by not less
than two accessible means of egress.
| EXCEPTIONS: | 1. Accessible means of egress are not required in alterations to existing buildings. |
| 2. One accessible means of egress is required from an accessible mezzanine level in accordance with Section 1007.3, 1007.4 or 1007.5. | |
| 3. In assembly areas with sloped or stepped aisles, one accessible means of egress is permitted where the common path of travel is accessible and meets the requirements in Section 1028.8. | |
| 4. In parking garages, accessible means of egress are not required to serve parking areas that do not contain accessible parking spaces. |
| EXCEPTIONS: | 1. Two-way communication systems are not required at the elevator landing where two-way communication is provided within the areas of refuge in accordance with Section 1007.6.3. |
| 2. Two-way communication systems are not required on floors provided with exit ramps conforming to provisions of Section 1010. |
SECTION 1008 DOORS, GATES AND TURNSTILES
1008.1.2 Door swing. Egress doors shall be side-hinged
swinging.
| EXCEPTIONS: | 1. Private garages, office areas, factory and storage areas with an occupant load of 10 or less. |
| 2. Group I-3 Occupancies used as a place of detention. | |
| 3. Critical or intensive care patient rooms within suites of health care facilities. | |
| 4. Doors within or serving a single dwelling unit in Groups R-2 and R-3 as applicable in Section 101.2. | |
| 5. In other than Group H Occupancies, revolving doors complying with Section 1008.1.3.1. | |
| 6. In other than Group H Occupancies, horizontal sliding doors complying with Section 1008.1.3.3 are permitted in a means of egress. | |
| 7. Power-operated doors in accordance with Section 1008.1.3.2. | |
| 8. Doors serving a bathroom within an individual sleeping unit in Group R-1. | |
| 9. In other than Group H Occupancies, manually operated horizontal sliding doors are permitted in a means of egress from spaces with an occupant load of 10 or less. |
The opening force for interior side-swinging doors without closers shall not exceed a 5-pound (22 N) force. For other side-swinging, sliding, and folding doors, the door latch shall release when subjected to a 15-pound (67 N) force. The door shall be set in motion when subjected to a 30-pound (133 N) force. The door shall swing to a full-open position when subjected to a 15-pound (67 N) force. Forces shall be applied to the latch side.
1008.1.9.3 Locks and latches. Locks and latches shall be
permitted to prevent operation of doors where any of the
following exists:
1. Places of detention or restraint.
2. In buildings in occupancy Group A having an occupant load of 300 or less, Groups B, F, M and S, and in places of religious worship, the main exterior door or doors are permitted to be equipped with key-operated locking devices from the egress side provided:
2.1 The locking device is readily distinguishable as locked;
2.2 A readily visible sign is posted on the egress side on or adjacent to the door stating: THIS DOOR TO REMAIN UNLOCKED WHEN BUILDING IS OCCUPIED. The sign shall be in letters 1 inch (25 mm) high on a contrasting background; and
2.3 The use of the key-operated locking device is revocable by the building official for due cause.
3. Where egress doors are used in pairs, approved automatic flush bolts shall be permitted to be used, provided that the door leaf having the automatic flush bolts has no doorknob or surface-mounted hardware.
4. Doors from individual dwelling or sleeping units of Group R occupancies having an occupant load of 10 or less are permitted to be equipped with a night latch, dead bolt, or security chain, provided such devices are openable from the inside without the use of a key or a tool.
5. Fire doors after the minimum elevated temperature has disabled the unlatching mechanism in accordance with listed fire door test procedures.
6. Approved, listed locks without delayed egress shall be permitted in Group R-2 boarding homes licensed by Washington state, provided that:
6.1. The clinical needs of one or more patients require specialized security measures for their safety.
6.2. The doors unlock upon actuation of the automatic sprinkler system or automatic fire detection system.
6.3. The doors unlock upon loss of electrical power controlling the lock or lock mechanism.
6.4. The lock shall be capable of being deactivated by a signal from a switch located in an approved location.
6.5. There is a system, such as a keypad and code, in place that allows visitors, staff persons and appropriate residents to exit. Instructions for exiting shall be posted within six feet of the door.
1008.1.9.6 Special locking arrangements in Group I-2.
Approved locks shall be permitted in a Group I-2 Occupancy
where the clinical needs of persons receiving care require
such locking. Locks shall be permitted in such occupancies
where the building is equipped throughout with an automatic
sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1 or an
approved automatic smoke or heat detection system installed in
accordance with Section 907, provided that the doors unlock in
accordance with Items 1 through 6 below.
1. The doors unlock upon actuation of the automatic sprinkler system or automatic fire detection system.
2. The doors unlock upon loss of power controlling the lock or lock mechanism.
3. The door locks shall have the capability of being unlocked by a signal from the fire command center, a nursing station or other approved location.
4. The procedures for the operation(s) of the unlocking system shall be described and approved as part of the emergency planning and preparedness required by Chapter 4 of the International Fire Code.
5. There is a system, such as a keypad and code, in place that allows visitors, staff persons and appropriate residents to exit. Instructions for exiting shall be posted within six feet of the door.
6. Emergency lighting shall be provided at the door.
| EXCEPTION: | Items 1, 2, 3, and 5 shall not apply to doors to areas where persons which because of clinical needs require restraint or containment as part of the function of a Group I-2 mental hospital provided that all clinical staff shall have the keys, codes or other means necessary to operate the locking devices. |
1009.15 Stairways in individual dwelling units. Stairs or
ladders within an individual dwelling unit used for access to
areas of 200 square feet (18.6 m2) or less, and not containing
the primary bathroom or kitchen, are exempt from the
requirements of Section 1009.
SECTION 1010 RAMPS
1010.1 Scope. The provisions of this section shall apply to
ramps used as a component of a means of egress.
| EXCEPTIONS: | 1. Other than ramps that are part of the accessible routes providing access in accordance with Sections 1108.2 through 1108.2.4 and 1108.2.6, ramped aisles within assembly rooms or spaces shall conform with the provisions in Section 1028.11. |
| 2. Curb ramps shall comply with ICC A117.1. | |
| 3. Vehicle ramps in parking garages for pedestrian exit access shall not be required to comply with Sections 1010.3 through 1010.9 when they are not an accessible route serving accessible parking spaces or other required accessible elements. | |
| 4. In a parking garage where one accessible means of egress serving accessible parking spaces or other accessible elements is provided, a second accessible means of egress serving that area may include a vehicle ramp that does not comply with Sections 1010.4 through 1010.8. |
1014.2.2 Group I-2. General. Habitable spaces and suites in
Group I-2 Occupancies are permitted to comply with this
Section 1014.2.2.
1014.2.2.1 Exit access doors. Habitable spaces and suites in
Group I-2 Occupancies shall have an exit access door leading
directly to a corridor.
| EXCEPTION: | Rooms with exit doors opening directly to the outside at ground level. |
1014.2.2.3 Separation. Suites in Group I-2 Occupancies shall
be separated from other portions of the building by a smoke
partition complying with Section 711. Partitions within
suites are not required to be smoke-resistant or
fire-resistance-rated unless required by another section of
this Code.
1014.2.2.4 Suites containing patient sleeping areas. Patient
sleeping areas in Group I-2 Occupancies shall be permitted to
be divided into suites with one intervening room if one of the
following conditions is met:
1. The intervening room within the suite is not used as an exit access for more than eight patient beds.
2. The arrangement of the suite allows for direct and constant visual supervision by nursing personnel.
1014.2.2.4.1 Area. Suites of sleeping rooms shall not exceed
5,000 square feet (465 m2).
1014.2.2.4.2 Exit access. Any patient sleeping room, or any
suite that includes patient sleeping rooms, of more than 1,000
square feet (93 m2) shall have at least two exit access doors
located in accordance with Section 1015.2.
1014.2.2.4.3 Travel distance. The travel distance between any
point in a suite of sleeping rooms and an exit access door of
that suite shall not exceed 100 feet (30,480 mm). The travel
distance between any point in a Group I-2 Occupancy patient
sleeping room and an exit access door in that room shall not
exceed 50 feet (15,240 mm).
1014.2.2.5 Suites not containing patient sleeping areas.
Areas other than patient sleeping areas in Group I-2
Occupancies shall be permitted to be divided into suites that
comply with Sections 1014.2.2.5.1 through 1014.2.2.5.4.
1014.2.2.5.1 Area. Suites of rooms, other than patient
sleeping rooms, shall not exceed 10,000 square feet (929 m2).
1014.2.2.5.2 Exit access. Any room or suite of rooms, other
than patient sleeping rooms, of more than 2,500 square feet
(232 m2) shall have at least two exit access doors located in
accordance with Section 1015.2.
1014.2.2.5.3 One intervening room. For rooms other than
patient sleeping rooms, suites of rooms are permitted to have
one intervening room if the travel distance within the suite
to the exit access door is not greater than 100 feet (30,480
mm).
1014.2.2.5.4 Two intervening rooms. For rooms other than
patient sleeping rooms located within a suite, exit access
travel from within the suite shall be permitted through two
intervening rooms where the travel distance to the exit access
door is not greater than 50 feet (15,240 mm).
SECTION 1018 CORRIDORS
1018.5 Air movement in corridors. Corridors shall not serve
as supply, return, exhaust, relief or ventilation air ducts.
| EXCEPTIONS: | 1. Use of a corridor as a source of makeup air for exhaust systems in rooms that open directly onto such corridors, including toilet rooms, bathrooms, dressing rooms, smoking lounges and janitor closets, shall be permitted, provided that each such corridor is directly supplied with outdoor air at a rate greater than the rate of makeup air taken from the corridor. |
| 2. Where located within a dwelling unit, the use of corridors for conveying return air shall not be prohibited. | |
| 3. Where located within tenant spaces of one thousand square feet (93 m2) or less in area, utilization of corridors for conveying return air is permitted. | |
| 4. Incidental air movement from pressurized rooms within health care facilities, provided that a corridor is not the primary source of supply or return to the room. | |
| 5. Where such air is part of an engineered smoke control system. | |
| 6. Air supplied to corridors serving residential occupancies shall not be considered as providing ventilation air to the dwelling units subject to the following: | |
| 6.1 The air supplied to the corridor is one hundred percent outside air; and | |
| 6.2 The units served by the corridor have conforming ventilation air independent of the air supplied to the corridor; and | |
| 6.3 For other than high-rise buildings, the supply fan will automatically shut off upon activation of corridor smoke detectors which shall be spaced at no more than thirty feet (9,144 mm) on center along the corridor; or | |
| 6.4 For high-rise buildings, corridor smoke detector activation will close required smoke/fire dampers at the supply inlet to the corridor at the floor receiving the alarm. |
| EXCEPTIONS: | 1. Foyers, lobbies or reception rooms constructed as required for corridors shall not be construed as intervening rooms. |
| 2. In Group R-2 boarding homes and residential treatment facilities licensed by Washington state, seating areas shall be allowed to be open to the corridor provided: | |
| 2.1 The seating area is constructed as required for the corridor; | |
| 2.2 The floor is separated into at least two compartments complying with Section 407.4; | |
| 2.3 Each individual seating area does not exceed 150 square feet, excluding the corridor width; | |
| 2.4 The combined total space of seating areas per compartment does not exceed 300 square feet, excluding the corridor width; | |
| 2.5 Combustible furnishings located within the seating area shall be in accordance with the International Fire Code Section 805; and | |
| 2.6 Emergency means of egress lighting is provided as required by Section 1006 to illuminate the area. |
[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.190, 19.27.020, and chapters 19.27 and 34.05 RCW. 09-04-027, § 51-54-1000, filed 1/28/09, effective 7/1/10. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.031, 19.27.074, and chapters 19.27 and 34.05 RCW. 07-01-093, § 51-54-1000, filed 12/19/06, effective 7/1/07. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.031 and 19.27.074. 04-01-105, § 51-54-1000, filed 12/17/03, effective 7/1/04.]
CHAPTER 46 CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS FOR EXISTING BUILDINGS
SECTION 4601 GENERAL
4601.1 Scope. The provisions of this chapter shall apply to
existing buildings constructed prior to the adoption of this
Code.
4601.2 Intent. The intent of this chapter is to provide a
minimum degree of fire and life safety to persons occupying
buildings by providing for alterations to such existing
buildings that do not comply with the minimum requirements of
the International Building Code.
4601.3 Permits. Permits shall be required as set forth in
Section 105.7 and the International Building Code and this
Code.
4601.4 Owner notification. Where a building is found to be in
noncompliance, the fire code official shall duly notify the
owner of the building. Upon receipt of such notice, the owner
shall, subject to the following time limits, take necessary
actions to comply with the provisions of this chapter.
4601.4.1 Construction documents. Construction documents for
the necessary alterations shall be completed within a time
schedule approved by the fire code official.
4601.4.2 Completion of work. Work on the required alterations
to the building shall be completed within a time schedule
approved by the fire code official.
4601.4.3 Extension of time. The fire code official is
authorized to grant necessary extensions of time when it can
be shown that the specified time periods are not physically
practical or pose an undue hardship. The granting of an
extension of time for compliance shall be based on the showing
of good cause and subject to the filing of an acceptable
systematic plan of correction with the fire code official.
SECTION 4602 DEFINITIONS
4602.1 Definitions. The following word and term shall, for
the purpose of this chapter and as used elsewhere in this
Code, have the meaning shown herein.
EXISTING. Buildings, facilities or conditions that are already
in existence, constructed or officially authorized prior to
the adoption of this Code.
SECTION 4603 FIRE SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR EXISTING BUILDINGS
4603.1 Required construction. Existing buildings shall comply
with not less than the minimum provisions specified in Table
4603.1 and as further enumerated in Sections 4603.2 through
4603.7.3.
The provisions of this chapter shall not be construed to allow the elimination of fire protection systems or a reduction in the level of fire safety provided in buildings constructed in accordance with previously adopted codes.
| EXCEPTION: | Group U occupancies. |
4603.3 Vertical openings. Interior vertical shafts,
including, but not limited to, stairways, elevator hoistways,
service and utility shafts, that connect two or more stories
of a building, shall be enclosed or protected as specified in
Sections 4603.3.1 through 4603.3.7.
4603.3.1 Group I occupancies. In Group I occupancies,
interior vertical openings connecting two or more stories
shall be protected with 1-hour fire-resistance-rated
construction.
4603.3.2 Three to five stories. In other than Group I
occupancies, interior vertical openings connecting three to
five stories shall be protected by either 1-hour
fire-resistance-rated construction or an automatic sprinkler
system shall be installed throughout the building in
accordance with Section 903.3.1.1 or 903.3.1.2.
| EXCEPTIONS: | 1. Vertical opening protection is not required for Group R-3 occupancies. |
| 2. Vertical opening protection is not required for open parking garages and ramps. | |
| 3. Vertical opening protection is not required for escalators. |
| EXCEPTIONS: | 1. Vertical opening protection is not required for Group R-3 occupancies. |
| 2. Vertical opening protection is not required for open parking garages and ramps. | |
| 3. Vertical opening protection is not required for escalators. |
|
| EXCEPTIONS: | 1. Vertical opening protection is not required for Group R-3 occupancies. |
| 2. Vertical opening protection is not required for open parking garages and ramps. |
4603.3.6 Escalators connecting four or fewer stories. In
other than Group B and M occupancies, escalators creating
vertical openings connecting four or fewer stories shall be
protected by either 1-hour fire-resistance-rated construction
or an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section
903.3.1.1 or 903.3.1.2 shall be installed throughout the
building, and a draft curtain with closely spaced sprinklers
shall be installed around the escalator opening.
4603.3.7 Escalators connecting more than four stories. In
other than Group B and M occupancies, escalators creating
vertical openings connecting five or more stories shall be
protected by 1-hour fire-resistance-rated construction.
4603.4 Sprinkler systems. An automatic sprinkler system shall
be provided in all existing buildings in accordance with
Sections 4603.4.1 and 4603.4.2.
4603.4.1 Pyroxylin plastics. An automatic sprinkler system
shall be provided throughout existing buildings where
cellulose nitrate film or pyroxylin plastics are manufactured,
stored or handled in quantities exceeding 100 pounds (45 kg).
Vaults located within buildings for the storage of raw
pyroxylin shall be protected with an approved automatic
sprinkler system capable of discharging 1.66 gallons per
minute per square foot (68 L/min/m2) over the area of the
vault.
4603.4.2 Group I-2. An automatic sprinkler system shall be
provided throughout existing Group I-2 fire areas. The
sprinkler system shall be provided throughout the floor where
the Group I-2 occupancy is located, and in all floors between
the Group I-2 occupancy and the level of exit discharge.
4603.4.3 Nightclub. An automatic sprinkler system shall be
provided throughout Group A-2 nightclubs as defined in this
code. ((An existing nightclub constructed prior to July 1,
2006, shall have been provided with automatic sprinklers not
later than December 1, 2009.)) No building shall be
constructed for, used for, or converted to occupancy as a
nightclub except in accordance with this section.
4603.5 Standpipes. Existing structures with occupied floors
located more than 50 feet (15,240 mm) above or below the
lowest level of fire department vehicle access shall be
equipped with standpipes installed in accordance with Section
905. The standpipes shall have an approved fire department
connection with hose connections at each floor level above or
below the lowest level of fire department access. The fire
code official is authorized to approve the installation of
manual standpipe systems to achieve compliance with this
section where the responding fire department is capable of
providing the required hose flow at the highest standpipe
outlet.
4603.6 Fire alarm systems. An approved fire alarm system
shall be installed in existing buildings and structures in
accordance with Sections 4603.6.1 through 4603.6.7 and provide
occupant notification in accordance with Section 907.6 unless
other requirements are provided by other sections of this
code.
| EXCEPTION: | Occupancies with an existing, previously approved fire alarm system. |
| EXCEPTIONS: | 1. A manual fire alarm system is not required in a building with a maximum area of 1,000 square feet (93 m2) that contains a single classroom and is located no closer than 50 feet (15,240 mm) from another building. |
| 2. A manual fire alarm system is not required in Group E occupancies with an occupant load less than 50. |
| EXCEPTIONS: | 1. Manual fire alarm boxes in resident or patient sleeping areas shall not be required at exits if located at all nurses' control stations or other constantly attended staff locations, provided such stations are visible and continuously accessible and that travel distances required in Section 907.5.2 are not exceeded. |
| 2. Where each sleeping room has a means of egress door opening directly to an exterior egress balcony that leads directly to the exits in accordance with WAC 51-50-1019, and the building is not more than three stories in height. |
| EXCEPTION: | Manual fire alarm boxes in resident or patient sleeping areas shall not be required at exits if located at all nurses' control stations or other constantly attended staff locations, provided such stations are visible and continuously accessible and that travel distances required in Section 907.5.2.1 are not exceeded. |
4603.6.5 Group R-1. A fire alarm system and smoke alarms
shall be installed in existing Group R-1 occupancies in
accordance with Sections 4603.6.5.1 through 4603.6.5.2.1.
4603.6.5.1 Group R-1 hotel and motel manual fire alarm system.
A manual fire alarm system that activates the occupant
notification system in accordance with Section 907.6 shall be
installed in existing Group R-1 hotels and motels more than
three stories or with more than 20 sleeping units.
| EXCEPTIONS: | 1. Buildings less than two stories in height where all sleeping units, attics and crawl spaces are separated by 1-hour fire-resistance-rated construction and each sleeping unit has direct access to a public way, exit court or yard. |
| 2. Manual fire alarm boxes are not required throughout the building when the following conditions are met: | |
| 2.1. The building is equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1 or 903.3.1.2; | |
| 2.2. The notification appliances will activate upon sprinkler water flow; and | |
| 2.3. At least one manual fire alarm box is installed at an approved location. |
| EXCEPTION: | An automatic smoke detection system is not required in buildings that do not have interior corridors serving sleeping units and where each sleeping unit has a means of egress door opening directly to an exit or to an exterior exit access that leads directly to an exit. |
| EXCEPTION: | Buildings less than two stories in height where all sleeping units, attics and crawl spaces are separated by 1-hour fire-resistance-rated construction and each sleeping unit has direct access to a public way, exit court or yard. |
| EXCEPTION: | Buildings equipped with single-station smoke alarms meeting or exceeding the requirements of Section 907.2.10.1 and where the fire alarm system includes at least one manual fire alarm box per floor arranged to initiate the alarm. |
| EXCEPTIONS: | 1. Where each living unit is separated from other contiguous living units by fire barriers having a fire-resistance rating of not less than 0.75 hour, and where each living unit has either its own independent exit or its own independent stairway or ramp discharging at grade. |
| 2. A separate fire alarm system is not required in buildings that are equipped throughout with an approved supervised automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1 or 903.3.1.2 and having a local alarm to notify all occupants. | |
| 3. A fire alarm system is not required in buildings that do not have interior corridors serving dwelling units and are protected by an approved automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1 or 903.3.1.2, provided that dwelling units either have a means of egress door opening directly to an exterior exit access that leads directly to the exits or are served by open-ended corridors designed in accordance with Section 1023.6, Exception 4. |
| EXCEPTIONS: | 1. Where there are interconnected smoke alarms meeting the requirements of Section 907.2.11 and there is at least one manual fire alarm box per floor arranged to continuously sound the smoke alarms. |
| 2. Other manually activated, continuously sounding alarms approved by the fire code official. |
4603.7.1 Where required. Existing Group R occupancies and
dwellings not classified as Group R occupancies not already
provided with single-station smoke alarms shall be provided
with single-station smoke alarms. Installation shall be in
accordance with Section 907.2.10, except as provided in
Sections 4603.7.2 and 4603.7.3.
4603.7.2 Interconnection. Where more than one smoke alarm is
required to be installed within an individual dwelling or
sleeping unit, the smoke alarms shall be interconnected in
such a manner that the activation of one alarm will activate
all of the alarms in the individual unit. The alarm shall be
clearly audible in all bedrooms over background noise levels
with all intervening doors closed.
| EXCEPTIONS: | 1. Interconnection is not required in buildings that are not undergoing alterations, repairs or construction of any kind. |
| 2. Smoke alarms in existing areas are not required to be interconnected where alterations or repairs do not result in the removal of interior wall or ceiling finishes exposing the structure, unless there is an attic, crawl space or basement available which could provide access for interconnection without the removal of interior finishes. |
| EXCEPTIONS: | 1. Smoke alarms are permitted to be solely battery operated in existing buildings where no construction is taking place. |
| 2. Smoke alarms are permitted to be solely battery operated in buildings that are not served from a commercial power source. | |
| 3. Smoke alarms are permitted to be solely battery operated in existing areas of buildings undergoing alterations or repairs that do not result in the removal of interior walls or ceiling finishes exposing the structure, unless there is an attic, crawl space or basement available which could provide access for building wiring without the removal of interior finishes. |
4604.1 General. Means of egress in existing buildings shall
comply with Section 1030 and 4604.2 through 4604.23.
| EXCEPTION: | Means of egress conforming to the requirements of the building code under which they were constructed and Section 1030 shall not be required to comply with 4604.2 through 4604.21. |
4604.2 Elevators, escalators and moving walks. Elevators,
escalators and moving walks shall not be used as a component
of a required means of egress.
| EXCEPTIONS: | 1. Elevators used as an accessible means of egress where allowed by Section 1007.4. |
| 2. Previously approved escalators and moving walks in existing buildings. |
| EXCEPTION: | Approved self-luminous signs that provide evenly illuminated letters shall have a minimum luminance of 0.06 foot-lamberts (0.21 cd/m2). |
| EXCEPTION: | Approved signs that provide continuous illumination independent of external power sources are not required to be connected to an emergency electrical system. |
1. Group A having 50 or more occupants.
| EXCEPTION: | Assembly occupancies used exclusively as a place of worship and having an occupant load of less than 300. |
3. Group E in interior stairs, corridors, windowless areas with student occupancy, shops and laboratories.
4. Group F having more than 100 occupants.
| EXCEPTION: | Buildings used only during daylight hours which are provided with windows for natural light in accordance with the International Building Code. |
6. Group M.
| EXCEPTION: | Buildings less than 3,000 square feet (279 m2) in gross sales area on one story only, excluding mezzanines. |
| EXCEPTION: | Where each sleeping unit has direct access to the outside of the building at grade. |
| EXCEPTION: | Where each dwelling unit or sleeping unit has direct access to the outside of the building at grade. |
| EXCEPTION: | Where each sleeping unit has direct access to the outside of the building at ground level. |
4604.6 Guards. Guards complying with this section shall be
provided at the open sides of means of egress that are more
than 30 inches (762 mm) above the floor or grade below.
4604.6.1 Height of guards. Guards shall form a protective
barrier not less than 42 inches (1067 mm) high.
| EXCEPTIONS: | 1. Existing guards on the open side of stairs shall be not less than 30 inches (760 mm) high. |
| 2. Existing guards within dwelling units shall be not less than 36 inches (910 mm) high. | |
| 3. Existing guards in assembly seating areas. |
| EXCEPTIONS: | 1. At elevated walking surfaces for access to, and use of, electrical, mechanical or plumbing systems or equipment, guards shall have balusters or be of solid materials such that a sphere with a diameter of 21 inches (533 mm) cannot pass through any opening. |
| 2. In occupancies in Group I-3, F, H or S, the clear distance between intermediate rails measured at right angles to the rails shall not exceed 21 inches (533 mm). | |
| 3. Approved existing open guards. |
TABLE 4604.7
EGRESS WIDTH PER OCCUPANT SERVED
| WITHOUT SPRINKLER SYSTEM | WITH SPRINKLER SYSTEMa | ||||
| OCCUPANCY | Stairways (inches per occupant) |
Other egress
components (inches per occupant) |
Stairways (inches per occupant) |
Other egress
components (inches per occupant) |
|
| Occupancies other than those listed below | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.15 | |
| Hazardous: H-1, H-2, H-3 and H-4 | Not permitted | Not permitted | 0.3 | 0.2 | |
| Institutional: I-2 | Not permitted | Not permitted | 0.3 | 0.2 | |
| For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm. | |
| a. Buildings equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1 or 903.3.1.2. |
| EXCEPTIONS: | 1. The minimum and maximum width shall not apply to door openings that are not part of the required means of egress in occupancies in Groups R-2 and R-3. |
| 2. Door openings to storage closets less than 10 square feet (0.93 m2) in area shall not be limited by the minimum width. | |
| 3. Width of door leaves in revolving doors that comply with Section 1008.1.4.1 shall not be limited. | |
| 4. Door openings within a dwelling unit shall not be less than 78 inches (1981 mm) in height. | |
| 5. Exterior door openings in dwelling units, other than the required exit door, shall not be less than 76 inches (1930 mm) in height. | |
| 6. Exit access doors serving a room not larger than 70 square feet (6.5 m2) shall be not less than 24 inches (610 mm) in door width. |
4604.10 Revolving doors. Revolving doors shall comply with
the following:
1. A revolving door shall not be located within 10 feet (3048 mm) of the foot or top of stairs or escalators. A dispersal area shall be provided between the stairs or escalators and the revolving doors.
2. The revolutions per minute for a revolving door shall not exceed those shown in Table 4604.10.
3. Each revolving door shall have a conforming side-hinged swinging door in the same wall as the revolving door and within 10 feet (3048 mm).
| EXCEPTIONS: | 1. A revolving door is permitted to be used without an adjacent swinging door for street-floor elevator lobbies provided a stairway, escalator or door from other parts of the building does not discharge through the lobby and the lobby does not have any occupancy or use other than as a means of travel between elevators and a street. |
| 2. Existing revolving doors where the number of revolving doors does not exceed the number of swinging doors within 20 feet (6096 mm). |
1. Revolving doors shall not be given credit for more than 50 percent of the required egress capacity.
2. Each revolving door shall be credited with not more than a 50-person capacity.
3. Revolving doors shall be capable of being collapsed when a force of not more than 130 pounds (578 N) is applied within 3 inches (76 mm) of the outer edge of a wing.
4604.11 Stair dimensions for existing stairs. Existing stairs
in buildings shall be permitted to remain if the rise does not
exceed 8 1/4 inches (210 mm) and the run is not less than 9
inches (229 mm). Existing stairs can be rebuilt.
| EXCEPTION: | Other stairs approved by the fire code official. |
TABLE 4604.10
REVOLVING DOOR SPEEDS
| INSIDE DIAMETER | POWER-DRIVEN- TYPE SPEED CONTROL (RPM) |
MANUAL-TYPE
SPEED CONTROL (RPM) |
||
| 6' 6" | 11 | 12 | ||
| 7' 0" | 10 | 11 | ||
| 7' 6" | 9 | 11 | ||
| 8' 0" | 9 | 10 | ||
| 8' 6" | 8 | 9 | ||
| 9' 0" | 8 | 9 | ||
| 9' 6" | 7 | 8 | ||
| 10' 0" | 7 | 8 | ||
| For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm. |
4604.11.1 Dimensions for replacement stairs. The replacement
of an existing stairway in a structure shall not be required
to comply with the new stairway requirements of WAC 51-11-1009
where the existing space and construction will not allow a
reduction in pitch or slope.
4604.12 Winders. Existing winders shall be allowed to remain
in use if they have a minimum tread depth of 6 inches (152 mm)
and a minimum tread depth of 9 inches (229 mm) at a point 12
inches (305 mm) from the narrowest edge.
4604.13 Circular stairways. Existing circular stairs shall be
allowed to continue in use provided the minimum depth of tread
is 10 inches (254 mm) and the smallest radius shall not be
less than twice the width of the stairway.
4604.14 Stairway handrails. Stairways shall have handrails on
at least one side. Handrails shall be located so that all
portions of the stairway width required for egress capacity
are within 44 inches (1118 mm) of a handrail.
| EXCEPTION: | Aisle stairs provided with a center handrail are not required to have additional handrails. |
4604.15 Slope of ramps. Ramp runs utilized as part of a means
of egress shall have a running slope not steeper than one unit
vertical in 10 units horizontal (10 percent slope). The slope
of other ramps shall not be steeper than one unit vertical in
8 units horizontal (12.5 percent slope).
4604.16 Width of ramps. Existing ramps are permitted to have
a minimum width of 30 inches (762 mm) but not less than the
width required for the number of occupants served as
determined by Section 1005.1.
4604.17 Fire escape stairs. Fire escape stairs shall comply
with Sections 4604.17.1 through 4604.17.7.
4604.17.1 Existing means of egress. Fire escape stairs shall
be permitted in existing buildings but shall not constitute
more than 50 percent of the required exit capacity.
4604.17.2 Protection of openings. Openings within 10 feet
(3048 mm) of fire escape stairs shall be protected by fire
door assemblies having a minimum 3/4-hour fire-resistance
rating.
| EXCEPTION: | In buildings equipped throughout with an approved automatic sprinkler system, opening protection is not required. |
4604.17.4 Access. Access to a fire escape from a corridor
shall not be through an intervening room. Access to a fire
escape stair shall be from a door or window meeting the
criteria of Section 1005.1. Access to a fire escape stair
shall be directly to a balcony, landing or platform. These
shall be no higher than the floor or window sill level and no
lower than 8 inches (203 mm) below the floor level or 18
inches (457 mm) below the window sill.
4604.17.5 Materials and strength. Components of fire escape
stairs shall be constructed of noncombustible materials. Fire
escape stairs and balconies shall support the dead load plus a
live load of not less than 100 pounds per square foot (4.78
kN/m2). Fire escape stairs and balconies shall be provided
with a top and intermediate handrail on each side. The fire
code official is authorized to require testing or other
satisfactory evidence that an existing fire escape stair meets
the requirements of this section.
4604.17.6 Termination. The lowest balcony shall not be more
than 18 feet (5486 mm) from the ground. Fire escape stairs
shall extend to the ground or be provided with counterbalanced
stairs reaching the ground.
| EXCEPTION: | For fire escape stairs serving 10 or fewer occupants, an approved fire escape ladder is allowed to serve as the termination. |
4604.18 Corridors. Corridors serving an occupant load greater
than 30 and the openings therein shall provide an effective
barrier to resist the movement of smoke. Transoms, louvers,
doors and other openings shall be kept closed or self-closing.
| EXCEPTIONS: | 1. Corridors in occupancies other than in Group H, which are equipped throughout with an approved automatic sprinkler system. |
| 2. Patient room doors in corridors in occupancies in Group I-2 where smoke barriers are provided in accordance with the International Building Code. | |
| 3. Corridors in occupancies in Group E where each room utilized for instruction or assembly has at least one-half of the required means of egress doors opening directly to the exterior of the building at ground level. | |
| 4. Corridors that are in accordance with the International Building Code. |
| EXCEPTIONS: | 1. Where 20-minute fire door assemblies are required, solid wood doors at least 1.75 inches (44 mm) thick or insulated steel doors are allowed. |
| 2. Openings protected with fixed wire glass set in steel frames. | |
| 3. Openings covered with 0.5-inch (12.7 mm) gypsum wallboard or 0.75-inch (19.1 mm) plywood on the room side. | |
| 4. Opening protection is not required when the building is equipped throughout with an approved automatic sprinkler system. |
| EXCEPTION: | A dead-end passageway or corridor shall not be limited in length where the length of the dead-end passageway or corridor is less than 2.5 times the least width of the dead-end passageway or corridor. |
4604.18.4 Common path of egress travel. The common path of
egress travel shall not exceed the distances given in Table
4604.18.2.
4604.19 Stairway discharge identification. A stairway in an
exit enclosure which continues below its level of exit
discharge shall be arranged and marked to make the direction
of egress to a public way readily identifiable.
| EXCEPTION: | Stairs that continue one-half story beyond their levels of exit discharge need not be provided with barriers where the exit discharge is obvious. |
| EXCEPTIONS: | 1. Separation from the interior of the building is not required for buildings that are two stories or less above grade where the level of exit discharge serving such occupancies is the first story above grade. |
| 2. Separation from the interior of the building is not required where the exterior stairway is served by an exterior balcony that connects two remote exterior stairways or other approved exits, with a perimeter that is not less than 50 percent open. To be considered open, the opening shall be a minimum of 50 percent of the height of the enclosing wall, with the top of the opening not less than 7 feet (2134 mm) above the top of the balcony. | |
| 3. Separation from the interior of the building is not required for an exterior stairway located in a building or structure that is permitted to have unenclosed interior stairways in accordance with Section 1022. | |
| 4. Separation from the interior of the building is not required for exterior stairways connected to open-ended corridors, provided that: | |
| 4.1. The building, including corridors and stairs, is equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1 or 903.3.1.2. | |
| 4.2. The open-ended corridors comply with Section 1018. | |
| 4.3. The open-ended corridors are connected on each end to an exterior exit stairway complying with Section 1026. | |
| 4.4. At any location in an open-ended corridor where a change of direction exceeding 45 degrees occurs, a clear opening of not less than 35 square feet (3 m2) or an exterior stairway shall be provided. Where clear openings are provided, they shall be located so as to minimize the accumulation of smoke or toxic gases. |
TABLE 4604.18.2
COMMON PATH, DEAD-END AND TRAVEL DISTANCE LIMITS (by occupancy)
| OCCUPANCY | COMMON PATH LIMIT | DEAD-END LIMIT | TRAVEL DISTANCE LIMIT | |||
| Unsprinklered (feet) |
Sprinklered (feet) |
Unsprinklered (feet) |
Sprinklered (feet) |
Unsprinklered (feet) |
Sprinklered (feet) |
|
| Group A | 20/75a | 20/75a | 20b | 20b | 200 | 250 |
| Group B | 75 | 100 | 50 | 50 | 200 | 250 |
| Group E | 75 | 75 | 20 | 50 | 200 | 250 |
| Group F-1, S-1d | 75 | 100 | 50 | 50 | 200 | 250 |
| Group F-2, S-2d | 75 | 100 | 50 | 50 | 300 | 400 |
| Group H-1 | 25 | 25 | 0 | 0 | 75 | 75 |
| Group H-2 | 50 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 75 | 100 |
| Group H-3 | 50 | 100 | 20 | 20 | 100 | 150 |
| Group H-4 | 75 | 75 | 20 | 20 | 150 | 175 |
| Group H-5 | 75 | 75 | 20 | 20 | 150 | 200 |
| Group I-1 | 75 | 75 | 20 | 50 | 200 | 250 |
| Group I-2 (Health Care) | NRe | NRe | NR | NR | 150 | 200c |
| Group I-3 (Detention and Correctional -- Use Conditions II, III, IV, V) | 100 | 100 | NR | NR | 150c | 200c |
| Group I-4 (Day Care Centers) | NR | NR | 20 | 20 | 200 | 250 |
| Group M (Covered Mall) | 75 | 100 | 50 | 50 | 200 | 400 |
| Group M (Mercantile) | 75 | 100 | 50 | 50 | 200 | 250 |
| Group R-1 (Hotels) | 75 | 75 | 50 | 50 | 200 | 250 |
| Group R-2 (Apartments) | 75 | 75 | 50 | 50 | 200 | 250 |
| Group R-3 (One- and Two-Family) | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR |
| Group R-4 (Residential Care/Assisted Living) | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR |
| Group U | 75 | 75 | 20 | 50 | 200 | 250 |
| For SI: 1 foot = 304.8 mm. | |
| a. 20 feet for common path serving 50 or more persons; 75 feet for common path serving less than 50 persons. | |
| b. See Section 1028.9.5 for dead-end aisles in Group A occupancies. | |
| c. This dimension is for the total travel distance, assuming incremental portions have fully utilized their allowable maximums. For travel distance within the room, and from the room exit access door to the exit, see the appropriate occupancy chapter. | |
| d. See the International Building Code for special requirements on spacing of doors in aircraft hangars. | |
| e. Any patient sleeping room, or any suite that includes patient sleeping rooms, of more than 1,000 square feet (93 m2) shall have at least two exit access doors placed a distance apart equal to not less than one-third of the length of the maximum overall diagonal dimension of the patient sleeping room or suite to be served, measured in a straight line between exit access doors. | |
| NR = No requirements. |
1. Forty-two inches (1067 mm) for aisle stairs having seating on each side.
| EXCEPTION: | Thirty-six inches (914 mm) where the aisle serves less than 50 seats. |
| EXCEPTION: | Thirty inches (760 mm) for catchment areas serving not more than 60 seats. |
4. Forty-two inches (1067 mm) for level or ramped aisles having seating on both sides.
| EXCEPTION: | Thirty-six inches (914 mm) where the aisle serves less than 50 seats. |
| EXCEPTION: | Thirty inches (760 mm) for catchment areas serving not more than 60 seats. |
4604.22 Stairway floor number signs. Existing stairs shall be
marked in accordance with Section 1022.8.
4604.23 Egress path markings. Existing buildings of Group A,
B, E, I, M and R-1 having occupied floors located more than 75
feet (22,860 mm) above the lowest level of fire department
vehicle access shall be provided with luminous egress path
markings in accordance with Section 1024.
| EXCEPTION: | Open, unenclosed stairwells in historic buildings designated as historic under a state or local historic preservation program. |
4605.1 Tire storage yards. Existing tire storage yards shall
be provided with fire apparatus access roads in accordance
with Sections 4605.1.1 and 4605.1.2.
4605.1.1 Access to piles. Access roadways shall be within 150
feet (45,720 mm) of any point in the storage yard where
storage piles are located, at least 20 feet (6096 mm) from any
storage pile.
4605.1.2 Location within piles. Fire apparatus access roads
shall be located within all pile clearances identified in
Section 2505.4 and within all fire breaks required in Section
2505.5.
[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.031 and 19.27.074. 10-03-100, § 51-54-4600, filed 1/20/10, effective 7/1/10. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.031, 19.27.074, and chapters 19.27 and 34.05 RCW. 07-01-093, § 51-54-4600, filed 12/19/06, effective 7/1/07. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.020, 19.27.031, 19.27.074 and chapters 19.27 and 34.05 RCW. 05-01-016, § 51-54-4600, filed 12/2/04, effective 7/1/05.]
The following sections of the Washington Administrative Code are repealed:
| WAC 51-54-1007 | Section 1007 -- Accessible means of egress. |
| WAC 51-54-1008 | Section 1008 -- Doors, gates and turnstiles. |
| WAC 51-54-1009 | Section 1009 -- Stairways and handrails. |
| WAC 51-54-1010 | Section 1010 -- Ramps. |
| WAC 51-54-1014 | Exit access. |
| WAC 51-54-1015 | Reserved. |
| WAC 51-54-1017 | Reserved. |
| WAC 51-54-1018 | Section 1018 -- Corridors. |
| WAC 51-54-1019 | Reserved. |