DEPARTMENT OF REVENUE

(101))) (1) Introduction. ((Effective January 1, 2010,)) Reseller permits, issued by the department of revenue (department) ((replace)), replaced resale certificates as the documentation necessary to substantiate the wholesale nature of a sales transaction effective January 1, 2010. ((Unique requirements and provisions apply to construction contractors. (See Part III of this section.) This section)) This rule explains the criteria under which the department will automatically issue a reseller permit, the application process for both contractors and taxpayers engaging in other business activities when the department does not automatically issue or renew a reseller permit, and the criteria that may result in the denial of an application for a reseller permit. Unique requirements and provisions apply to contractors. (See Part III of this rule.)

(102) ((What is a reseller permit? A reseller permit is the document issued to a taxpayer by the department, a copy of which the taxpayer provides to a seller to substantiate a wholesale purchase. A wholesale purchase is not subject to retail sales tax. See RCW 82.04.060; 82.08.020. Reseller permits are to be used for wholesale purchases made on and after January 1, 2010.

(103))) Can any business obtain a reseller permit? No. ((This act was passed by the legislature)) The legislature passed the act authorizing reseller permits to address the significant retail sales tax noncompliance problem resulting from both the intentional and unintentional misuse of resale certificates. The department will not issue a reseller permit unless the business ((can)) substantiates that ((the business)) it is entitled to make wholesale purchases. Some businesses may not receive a reseller permit, and if they ((do)) make wholesale purchases, they will need to pay retail sales tax to the seller and then claim a "taxable amount for tax paid at source" deduction on their excise tax return or request a refund from the department as discussed in subsection (205) of this ((section)) rule.

• WAC 458-20-102A (Resale certificates), which explains the taxpayer's responsibilities regarding the use of a resale certificate, the seller's responsibility for retaining a resale certificate, and the implications for a taxpayer not properly using a certificate and a seller not obtaining a certificate from the taxpayer. It is important to note that sellers should retain resale certificates for five years from the date of last use (e.g., December 31, 2014, for sales made in 2009) as the certificates may be requested by the department to verify the wholesale nature of a sale made before January 1, 2010.)) Example 1. BC Interior Design (BC) arranges for its customers to order and pay for furniture, window treatments and other decorative items directly from vendors. As the customers purchase directly from the vendors, and BC does not purchase the items for resale to their customers, BC may not qualify for a reseller permit. BC must meet the criteria as discussed in subsection (203) of this rule, which includes reporting income from retailing, wholesaling, or manufacturing activities.

(201) How does a business obtain a reseller permit? The department will automatically issue a reseller permit to a business if it appears to the department's satisfaction, based on the nature of the business's activities and any other information available to the department, that the business is entitled to make purchases at wholesale.

Those businesses that do not receive an automatically issued reseller permit may apply to the department to obtain a reseller permit. Applications ((are available at: http://dor.wa.gov or)) can be filed using the businesses' "My Account." If a paper application is needed, businesses can obtain one by calling 1-800-647-7706 (taxpayer services) or 360-902-7137 (taxpayer account administration). Completed paper applications should be mailed or faxed to the department at:

Department of Revenue

P.O. Box 47476

Olympia, WA 98504-7476

Fax: 360-705-6733

(202) When does a business apply for a reseller permit? A business ((can)) may apply for a reseller permit at any time.

(a) Except as provided in (b) of this subsection, a business other than a contractor will receive a reseller permit if it satisfies the following criteria (contractors should refer to subsection (((305))) (303) of this ((section)) rule for an explanation of the requirements unique to them):

(i) The business has an active tax reporting account with the department;

(ii) The business ((must have)) has reported gross income on its excise tax returns covering a monthly or quarterly period during the immediately preceding six months or, if the business reports on an annual basis, on the immediately preceding annual excise tax return; and

(iii) Five percent or more of the business's gross income reported during the applicable six- or twelve-month period described in (a)(ii) of this subsection was reported under a retailing, wholesaling, or manufacturing business and occupation (B&O) tax classification.

(b) Notwithstanding (a) of this subsection, the department may deny an application for a reseller permit if:

(i) The department determines that an applicant is not entitled to make purchases at wholesale or is otherwise prohibited from using a reseller permit based on the nature of the applicant's business;

(ii) The applicant has been assessed the penalty for the misuse of a resale certificate or a reseller permit;

(iii) The application contains any material misstatement;

(iv) The application is incomplete; ((or))

(v) The applicant has an outstanding tax liability due to the department; or

(vi) The department determines that denial of the application is in the best interest of collecting the taxes due under Title 82 RCW.

(c) The department's decision to approve or deny an application may be based on excise tax returns previously filed with the department by the applicant, a current or previous examination of the applicant's books and records by the department, information provided by the applicant in the master application and the reseller permit application, and other information available to the department.

(d) ((For purposes of this subsection, "gross income" means gross proceeds of sales as defined in RCW 82.04.070 and value of products manufactured as determined under RCW 82.04.450.

(f))) In the event that a business has reorganized, the new business resulting from the reorganization may be denied a reseller permit if the former business would not have qualified for a reseller permit under (a) or (b) of this subsection. For purposes of this subsection, "reorganize" means:

(i) The transfer, however effected, of a majority of the assets of one business to another business where any of the persons having an interest in the ownership or management in the former business maintain an ownership or management interest in the new business, either directly or indirectly;

(ii) A mere change in identity or form of ownership, however effected; or

(iii) The new business is a mere continuation of the former business based on significant shared features such as owners, personnel, assets, or general business activity.

(204) What if I am a new business and don't have a past reporting history? New businesses will generally be issued permits if they indicate they will engage in activity taxable under a retailing, wholesaling, or manufacturing B&O tax classification.

(205) What if I don't get a reseller permit and some of my purchases ((do)) qualify as wholesale purchases? ((It is possible that)) Some taxpayers that do not qualify for a reseller permit ((will)) make occasional wholesale purchases. In these circumstances, the taxpayer must pay retail sales tax on these purchases and then claim a "taxable amount for tax paid at source" deduction on ((the taxpayer's)) its excise tax return. However, such a deduction in respect to the purchase of services is not permitted if the services are not of a type that can be sold at wholesale under the definition of wholesale sale in RCW 82.04.060.

Alternatively, the taxpayer may request a refund from the department of retail sales tax it paid on purchases that are later resold without being used (intervening use) by the taxpayer or for purchases that would otherwise have met the definition of wholesale sale if the taxpayer had provided the seller with a reseller permit or uniform exemption certificate as authorized in RCW 82.04.470. ((See also WAC 458-20-229 (Refunds). However, such a deduction in respect to the purchase of services is not permitted if the services are not of a type that can be sold at wholesale under the definition of wholesale sale in RCW 82.04.060)) For instructions on requesting a refund see WAC 458-20-229.

(301) How does a contractor obtain a reseller permit? The department will automatically issue a reseller permit to a contractor if the department is satisfied that the contractor is entitled to make purchases at wholesale and that issuing the reseller permit is unlikely to jeopardize collection of sales taxes due based on the criteria discussed in subsection (((305))) (303) of this ((section)) rule.

((Those businesses)) Contractors that do not receive an automatically issued reseller permit may apply to the department to obtain a reseller permit in the same manner as provided in subsection (201) of this ((section)) rule. However, the application identifies information specific to contractors that must be provided.

(302) ((How do I determine whether I am a "contractor"? For purposes of the reseller permit:

(304))) When does a contractor apply for a reseller permit? The same guidelines for business applicants as provided in subsection (202) of this ((section)) rule also apply to contractor applicants.

(a) The department may issue a permit to a contractor that:

(i) Provides a completed application with no material misstatement as that term is defined in ((subsection (203)(e) of this section)) this rule;

(ii) Demonstrates it is entitled to make purchases at wholesale; and

(iii) Reported on its application((:

(A) Filed July 1, 2010, and after that)) at least twenty-five percent of its total dollar amount of material and labor purchases in the preceding twenty-four months were for retail and wholesale construction activities performed by the contractor((;

(B) Filed from January 1, 2010, through June 30, 2010, that at least twenty-five percent of its total dollar amount of material and labor purchases in the preceding twelve months were for retail construction activities)).

The department may((, however,)) approve an application not meeting ((this criterion)) these criteria if the department is satisfied that approval is unlikely to jeopardize collection of the taxes due under Title 82 RCW.

(b) If the criteria in (a) of this subsection are satisfied, the department will then consider the following factors ((when determining)) to determine whether to issue a reseller permit to a contractor:

(i) Whether the contractor has an active tax reporting account with the department;

(ii) Whether the contractor has reported gross income on its excise tax returns covering a monthly or quarterly period during the immediately preceding six months or, if the contractor reports on an annual basis, on the immediately preceding annual excise tax return;

(iii) Whether the contractor has the appropriate certification and licensing with the Washington state department of labor and industries;

(iv) Whether the contractor has been assessed the penalty for the misuse of a resale certificate or a reseller permit; ((and))

(v) Whether the contractor has an outstanding tax liability due to the department; and

(vi) Any other factor resulting in a determination by the department that denial of the contractor's application is in the best interest of collecting the taxes due under Title 82 RCW.

(c) The department's decision to approve or deny an application may be based on the same materials and information as discussed in subsection (203)(c) of this ((section)) rule.

(d) ((For purposes of this subsection, "gross income" means gross proceeds of sales as defined in RCW 82.04.070 and value of products manufactured as determined under RCW 82.04.450.

(e))) The provisions of subsection (203)(((f))) (d) of this ((section are equally applicable)) rule apply equally to contractors.

(((306))) Example 2. DC Contracting is a speculative homebuilder and also purchases houses to renovate and sell, sometimes referred to as flipping. A speculative builder is the consumer of all materials incorporated into the real estate including houses purchased for flipping. Retail sales tax is owed on all supplies and services DC Contracting purchases, unless there is an applicable exemption. DC Contracting would not qualify for a reseller permit under these facts.

(304) What if a contractor does not obtain a reseller permit and some of its purchases do qualify as wholesale purchases? The provisions of subsection (205) of this ((section are)) rule apply equally ((applicable)) to contractors.