S-0904

AN ACT Relating to adoption; and amending RCW 26.33.160, 26.33.190, 26.33.350, 26.33.390, and 26.33.400.

BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON:

Sec. 1. RCW 26.33.160 and 1990 c 146 s 2 are each amended to read as follows:

(1) Except as otherwise provided in RCW 26.33.170, consent to an adoption shall be required of the following if applicable:

(a) The adoptee, if fourteen years of age or older;

(b) The parents and any alleged father of an adoptee under eighteen years of age;

(d) The legal guardian of the adoptee.

(2) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (4)(g) of this section, consent to adoption is revocable by the consenting party at any time before the consent is approved by the court. The revocation may be made in either of the following ways:

(a) Written revocation may be delivered or mailed to the clerk of the court before approval; or

(b) Written revocation may be delivered or mailed to the clerk of the court after approval, but only if it is delivered or mailed within forty-eight hours after a prior notice of revocation that was given within forty-eight hours after the birth of the child. The prior notice of revocation shall be given to the agency or person who sought the consent and may be either oral or written.

(3) Except as provided in subsection((~~[s]~~))s (2)(b) and (4)(g) of this section and in this subsection, a consent to adoption may not be revoked after it has been approved by the court. Within one year after approval, a consent may be revoked for fraud or duress practiced by the person, department, or agency requesting the consent, or for lack of mental competency on the part of the person giving the consent at the time the consent was given. A written consent to adoption may not be revoked more than one year after it is approved by the court.

(4) Except as provided in (g) of this subsection, the written consent to adoption shall be signed under penalty of perjury and shall state that:

(a) It is given subject to approval of the court;

(b) It has no force or effect until approved by the court;

(c) The consent will not be presented to the court until forty-eight hours after it is signed or forty-eight hours after the birth of the child, whichever occurs later;

(d) It is revocable by the consenting party at any time before its approval by the court. It may be revoked in either of the following ways:

(i) Written revocation may be delivered or mailed to the clerk of the court before approval of the consent by the court; or

(ii) Written revocation may be delivered or mailed to the clerk of the court after approval, but only if it is delivered or mailed within forty-eight hours after a prior notice of revocation that was given within forty-eight hours after the birth of the child. The prior notice of revocation shall be given to the agency or person who sought the consent and may be either oral or written;

(e) The address of the clerk of court where the consent will be presented is included;

(f) Except as provided in (g) of this subsection, after it has been approved by the court, the consent is not revocable except for fraud or duress practiced by the person, department, or agency requesting the consent or for lack of mental competency on the part of the person giving the consent at the time the consent was given. A written consent to adoption may not be revoked more than one year after it is approved by the court;

(g) In the case of a consent to an adoption of an Indian child, no consent shall be valid unless the consent is executed in writing more than ten days after the birth of the child and unless the consent is recorded before a court of competent jurisdiction pursuant to 25 U.S.C. Sec. 1913(a). The consent form shall contain an affirmative statement by the birth parent that the child is of Native American or Alaska native ancestry. The person facilitating the adoption shall submit a sworn statement documenting efforts to determine whether the Indian Child Welfare Act, 25 U.S.C. Sec. 1901 et seq., applies. Consent may be withdrawn for any reason at any time prior to the entry of the final decree of adoption. Consent may be withdrawn for fraud or duress within two years of the entry of the final decree of adoption. Revocation of the consent prior to a final decree of adoption, may be delivered or mailed to the clerk of the court or made orally to the court which shall certify such revocation. Revocation of the consent is effective if received by the clerk of the court prior to the entry of the final decree of adoption or made orally to the court at any time prior to the entry of the final decree of adoption. Upon withdrawal of consent, the court shall return the child to the parent unless the child has been taken into custody pursuant to RCW 13.34.050 or 26.44.050, placed in shelter care pursuant to RCW 13.34.060, or placed in foster care pursuant to RCW 13.34.130; and

(h) The following statement has been read before signing the consent:

I understand that my decision to relinquish the child is an extremely important one, that the legal effect of this relinquishment will be to take from me all legal rights and obligations with respect to the child, and that an order permanently terminating all of my parental rights to the child will be entered. I also understand that there are social services and counseling services available in the community, and that there may be financial assistance available through state and local governmental agencies.

(5) A written consent to adoption which meets all the requirements of this chapter but which does not name or otherwise identify the adopting parent is valid if it contains a statement that it is voluntarily executed without disclosure of the name or other identification of the adopting parent.

(6) The consent of the parents and any alleged father shall be witnessed by a person who is independent and free of influence in the adoption action. The witness shall attest that the consent is voluntary and the birth parent or alleged father is aware of his or her rights under this chapter.

Sec. 2. RCW 26.33.190 and 1990 c 146 s 3 are each amended to read as follows:

(1) Any person may at any time request an agency, the department, an individual approved by the court, or a qualified salaried court employee to prepare a preplacement report. A certificate signed under penalty of perjury by the person preparing the report specifying his or her qualifications as required in this chapter shall be attached to or filed with each preplacement report. The specified qualifications shall include documentation of the training or experience that qualifies the person preparing the report to discuss relevant adoption issues. A person may have more than one preplacement report prepared. All preplacement reports shall be filed with the court in which the petition for adoption is filed.

(2) The preplacement report shall be a written document setting forth all relevant information relating to the fitness of the person requesting the report as an adoptive parent. The report shall be based on a study which shall include an investigation of the home environment, family life, health, facilities, and resources of the person requesting the report. The report shall include a list of the sources of information on which the report is based. The report shall include a recommendation as to the fitness of the person requesting the report to be an adoptive parent. The report shall also verify that the following issues were discussed with the prospective adoptive parents:

(a) The concept of adoption as a lifelong commitment;

(b) The potential for the child to have feelings of identity confusion and loss regarding separation from the birth parents;

(d) The child's possible questions about birth parents and relatives; and

(e) The relevance of the child's racial, ethnic, and cultural heritage.

(3) All preplacement reports shall include an investigation of the conviction record, pending charges, or disciplinary board final decisions of prospective adoptive parents. The investigation shall include an examination of state and national criminal identification data provided by ((~~[the]~~)) the Washington state patrol criminal identification system as described in chapter 43.43 RCW.

(4) An agency, the department, or a court approved individual may charge a reasonable fee based on the time spent in conducting the study and preparing the preplacement report. The court may set a reasonable fee for conducting the study and preparing the report when a court employee has prepared the report. An agency, the department, a court approved individual, or the court may reduce or waive the fee if the financial condition of the person requesting the report so warrants. An agency's, the department's, or court approved individual's, fee is subject to review by the court upon request of the person requesting the report.

(5) The person requesting the report shall designate to the agency, the department, the court approved individual, or the court in writing the county in which the preplacement report is to be filed. If the person requesting the report has not filed a petition for adoption, the report shall be indexed in the name of the person requesting the report and a cause number shall be assigned. A fee shall not be charged for filing the report. The applicable filing fee may be charged at the time a petition governed by this chapter is filed. Any subsequent preplacement reports shall be filed together with the original report.

(6) A copy of the completed preplacement report shall be delivered to the person requesting the report.

(7) A person may request that a report not be completed. A reasonable fee may be charged for the value of work done.

Sec. 3. RCW 26.33.350 and 1990 c 146 s 6 are each amended to read as follows:

(1) Every person, firm, society, association, or corporation receiving, securing a home for, or otherwise caring for a minor child shall transmit to the prospective adopting parent prior to placement and shall make available to all persons with whom a child has been placed by adoption a complete medical report containing all available information concerning the mental, physical, and sensory handicaps of the child. The report shall not reveal the identity of the natural parent of the child but shall include any available mental or physical health history of the natural parent that needs to be known by the adoptive parent to facilitate proper health care for the child or that will assist the adoptive parent in maximizing the developmental potential of the child.

(2) Where available, the information provided shall include:

(a) A review of the birth family's and the child's previous medical history, if available, including the child's x-rays, examinations, hospitalizations, and immunizations. After July 1, 1992, the child's medical history shall be given on a standardized reporting form developed by the department;

(b) A physical exam of the child by a licensed physician with appropriate laboratory tests and x-rays;

(d) A written copy of the evaluation with recommendations to the adoptive family receiving the report.

Sec. 4. RCW 26.33.390 and 1990 c 146 s 7 are each amended to read as follows:

(1) All persons adopting a child through the department shall receive written information on the department's adoption-related services including, but not limited to, adoption support, family reconciliation services, archived records, mental health, and developmental disabilities.

(2) Any person adopting a child shall receive from the adoption facilitator written information on adoption-related services. This information may be that published by the department or any other social service provider((,)). The information shall ((~~include information on~~)) specify how to find and evaluate appropriate adoption therapists, and may include other resources for adoption-related issues. Upon request, the adoption facilitator shall provide written information about adoption procedures, practices, policies, fees, and services.

Sec. 5. RCW 26.33.400 and 1989 c 255 s 1 are each amended to read as follows:

(1) Unless the context clearly requires otherwise, "advertisement" means communication by newspaper, radio, television, handbills, placards or other print, broadcast, or the electronic medium. This definition applies throughout this section.

(2) No person or entity shall cause to be published for circulation, or broadcast on a radio or television station, within the geographic borders of this state, an advertisement of a child or children offered or wanted for adoption, or shall hold himself or herself out through such advertisement as having the ability to place, locate, dispose, or receive a child or children for adoption unless such person or entity is:

(a) A duly authorized agent, contractee, or employee of the department or a children's agency or institution licensed by the department to care for and place children;

(b) An attorney licensed to practice in Washington state; or

(c) A person who has a completed preplacement report as set forth in RCW 26.33.190 (1) and (2) or chapter 26.34 RCW with a favorable recommendation as to the fitness of the person to be an adoptive parent, or such person's duly authorized uncompensated agent, or an attorney who is licensed to practice in the state. Verification of compliance with the requirements of this section shall consist of a written declaration by the person or entity who prepared the preplacement report.

(3) ((~~Any such person or entity who places or causes such advertisement as prohibited in subsection (2) of this section shall be guilty of a misdemeanor.~~)) The advertisement of children for adoption in violation of subsection (2) of this section is a matter affecting the public interest for the purpose of applying chapter 19.86 RCW. The advertisement of children for adoption in violation of subsection (2) of this section is not reasonable in relation to the development and preservation of business. A violation of subsection (2) of this section constitutes an unfair or deceptive act or practice in trade or commerce for the purpose of applying chapter 19.86 RCW.