AN ACT Relating to
compensation for victims of crimes; and amending RCW 7.68.120, 7.68.125,
7.68.130, 9.94A.142, 13.40.190, and 9.95.210.
BE IT ENACTED BY THE
LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON:
Sec. 1. RCW 7.68.120 and 1973
1st ex.s. c 122 s 12 are each amended to read as follows:
Any person who has
committed a criminal act which resulted in injury compensated under this
chapter may be required to make reimbursement to the department as ((hereinafter))
provided in this section.
(1) Any payment of
benefits to or on behalf of a victim under this chapter creates a debt due and
owing to the department by any person found to have committed ((such)) the
criminal act in either a civil or criminal court proceeding in which he or
she is a party((: PROVIDED, That where)). If there has been
a superior or district court order, or an order of the indeterminate
sentence review board ((of prison terms and paroles)) or the
department of social and health services, as ((hereinafter)) provided in
subsection (4) of this section, the debt shall be limited to the amount
provided for in ((said)) the order. A court order shall prevail
over any other order. If, in a criminal proceeding, a person has been found
to have committed the criminal act that results in the payment of benefits to a
victim and the court in the criminal proceeding does not enter a restitution
order, the department shall, within one year of imposition of the sentence,
petition the court for entry of a restitution order.
(2)(a) The
department may issue a notice of debt due and owing to the person found to have
committed the criminal act, and shall serve the notice on the person in the
manner prescribed for the service of a summons in a civil action or by
certified mail. The department shall file the notice of debt due and owing
along with proof of service with the superior court of the county where the
criminal act took place. The person served the notice shall have thirty days
from the date of service to respond to the notice by requesting a hearing in
superior court.
(b) If a person
served a notice of debt due and owing fails to respond within thirty days, the
department may seek a default judgment. Upon entry of a judgment in an action
brought pursuant to (a) of this subsection, the clerk shall enter the order in
the execution docket. The filing fee shall be added to the amount of the debt
indicated in the judgment. The judgment shall become a lien upon all real and
personal property of the person named in the judgment as in other civil cases.
The judgment shall be subject to execution, garnishment, or other procedures
for collection of a judgment.
(3)(a) The director,
or the director's designee, may issue to any person or organization an order to
withhold and deliver property of any kind if there is reason to believe that
the person or organization possesses property that is due, owing, or belonging
to any person against whom a judgment for a debt due and owing has been entered
under subsection (2) of this section. For purposes of this subsection,
"person or organization" includes any individual, firm, association,
corporation, political subdivision of the state, or agency of the state.
(b) The order to
withhold and deliver must be served in the manner prescribed for the service of
a summons in a civil action or by certified mail, return receipt requested.
Any person or organization upon whom service has been made shall answer the
order within twenty days exclusive of the day of service, under oath and in
writing, and shall make true answers to the matters inquired of therein.
(c) If there is in
the possession of the person or organization served with the order any property
that might be subject to the claim of the department, the person or
organization must immediately withhold such property and deliver the property
to the director or the director's authorized representative immediately upon
demand.
(d) If the person or
organization served the order fails to timely answer the order, the court may
render judgment by default against the person or organization for the full
amount claimed by the director in the order plus costs.
(e) If an order to
withhold and deliver is served upon an employer and the property found to be
subject to the notice is wages, the employer may assert in the answer all
exemptions to which the wage earner might be entitled as provided by RCW
6.27.150.
(4) Upon being
placed on work release pursuant to chapter 72.65 RCW, or upon release from
custody of a state correctional facility on parole, any convicted person who
owes a debt to the department as a consequence of a criminal act may have the
schedule or amount of payments therefor set as a condition of work release or
parole by the department of social and health services or indeterminate
sentence review board ((of prison terms and paroles)) respectively,
subject to modification based on change of circumstances. Such action shall be
binding on the department.
(((3))) (5)
Any requirement for payment due and owing the department by a convicted person
under this chapter may be waived, modified downward or otherwise adjusted by
the department in the interest of justice, the well-being of the victim,
and the rehabilitation of the individual.
(6) The department
shall not seek payment for a debt due and owing if such action would deprive
the victim of the crime giving rise to the claim under this chapter of the
benefit of any property to which the victim would be entitled under RCW
26.16.030.
Sec. 2. RCW 7.68.125 and 1975
1st ex.s. c 176 s 8 are each amended to read as follows:
(1) Whenever any
payment under this chapter is made because of clerical error, mistake of
identity, innocent misrepresentation by or on behalf of the recipient thereof
mistakenly acted upon, or any other circumstance of a similar nature, all not
induced by fraud, the recipient thereof shall repay it and recoupment may be
made from any future payments due to the recipient under this chapter((:
PROVIDED, That)). The department must make claim for such repayment
or recoupment within one year of the making of any such payment or it will be
deemed that any claim therefor has been waived((: PROVIDED FURTHER, That)).
The department may exercise its discretion to waive, in whole or in part,
the amount of any such timely claim.
(2) Whenever any
payment under this chapter has been made pursuant to an adjudication by the
department, board, or any court and timely appeal therefrom has been made and
the final decision is that any such payment was made pursuant to an erroneous
adjudication, the recipient thereof shall repay it and recoupment may be made
from any future payments due to the recipient under this chapter((:
PROVIDED, That)). The department may exercise its discretion to
waive, in whole or in part, the amount thereof.
(3) Whenever any
payment under this chapter has been induced by fraud the recipient thereof
shall repay any such payment together with a penalty of fifty percent of the
total of any such payments and the amount of such total sum may be recouped
from any future payments due to the recipient under this chapter and the amount
of the penalty shall be placed in the fund or funds established pursuant to RCW
7.68.090 ((as now or hereafter amended)).
(4) If the
department issues an order contending a debt due and owing under this section,
the order is subject to chapter 51.52 RCW. If the order becomes final under
chapter 51.52 RCW, the director or the director's designee may file with the
clerk of any county within the state a warrant in the amount stated in the order
plus interest accruing from the date the order became final. The clerk of the
county in which the warrant is filed shall immediately enter the warrant in the
execution docket. The amount of the warrant as docketed becomes a lien upon
all real and personal property of the person against whom the warrant is
issued, the same as a judgment in a civil case. The warrant shall then be
subject to execution, garnishment, and other procedures for the collection of
judgments. The filing fee must be added to the amount of the warrant. The
department shall mail a conformed copy of the warrant to the person named
within seven working days of filing with the clerk.
(5)(a) The director,
or the director's designee, may issue to any person or organization an order to
withhold and deliver property of any kind if there is reason to believe that
the person or organization possesses property that is due, owing, or belonging
to any person against whom a final order of debt due and owing has been
entered. For purposes of this subsection, "person or organization"
includes any individual, firm, association, corporation, political subdivision
of the state, or agency of the state.
(b) The order to
withhold and deliver must be served in the manner prescribed for the service of
a summons in a civil action or by certified mail, return receipt requested.
Any person or organization upon whom service has been made shall answer the
order within twenty days exclusive of the day of service, under oath and in
writing, and shall make true answers to the matters inquired of therein.
(c) If there is in
the possession of the person or organization served with the order any property
that might be subject to the claim of the department, the person or
organization must immediately withhold such property and deliver the property
to the director or the director's authorized representative immediately upon
demand.
(d) If the person or
organization served the order fails to timely answer the order, the court may
render judgment by default against the person or organization for the full
amount claimed by the director in the order plus costs.
(e) If an order to
withhold and deliver is served upon an employer and the property found to be
subject to the notice is wages, the employer may assert in the answer all
exemptions to which the wage earner might be entitled as provided by RCW
6.27.150.
Sec. 3. RCW 7.68.130 and 1985 c
443 s 16 are each amended to read as follows:
(1) Benefits
payable pursuant to this chapter shall be reduced by the amount of any other
public or private insurance available, less a proportionate share of
reasonable attorneys' fees and costs, if any, incurred by the victim in
obtaining recovery from the insurer. Calculation of a proportionate share of
attorneys' fees and costs shall be made under the formula established in RCW
51.24.060. The department or the victim may require court approval of costs
and attorneys' fees or may petition a court for determination of the
reasonableness of costs and attorneys' fees.
(2) Benefits
payable after 1980 to victims injured or killed before 1980 shall be reduced by
any other public or private insurance including but not limited to social
security.
(3) Payment by
the department under this chapter shall be secondary to ((such)) other
insurance benefits, notwithstanding the provision of any contract or coverage
to the contrary((: PROVIDED, That)). In the case of private
life insurance proceeds, the first forty thousand dollars of ((such)) the
proceeds shall not be considered for purposes of any ((such)) reduction
in benefits.
(4) For the purposes
of this section, the collection methods available under RCW 7.68.125(4) apply.
Sec. 4. RCW 9.94A.142 and 1994 c
271 s 602 are each amended to read as follows:
(1) When restitution is
ordered, the court shall determine the amount of restitution due at the
sentencing hearing or within sixty days except as provided in subsection (3)
of this section. The court shall then set a minimum monthly payment that
the offender is required to make towards the restitution that is ordered. The
court should take into consideration the total amount of the restitution owed,
the offender's present, past, and future ability to pay, as well as any assets
that the offender may have. During the period of supervision, the community
corrections officer may examine the offender to determine if there has been a
change in circumstances that warrants an amendment of the monthly payment
schedule. The community corrections officer may recommend a change to the
schedule of payment and shall inform the court of the recommended change and
the reasons for the change. The sentencing court may then reset the monthly
minimum payments based on the report from the community corrections officer of
the change in circumstances. Restitution ordered by a court pursuant to a
criminal conviction shall be based on easily ascertainable damages for injury
to or loss of property, actual expenses incurred for treatment for injury to
persons, and lost wages resulting from injury. Restitution shall not include
reimbursement for damages for mental anguish, pain and suffering, or other
intangible losses, but may include the costs of counseling reasonably related
to the offense. The amount of restitution shall not exceed double the amount
of the offender's gain or the victim's loss from the commission of the crime.
For the purposes of this section, the offender shall remain under the court's jurisdiction
for a maximum term of ten years following the offender's release from total
confinement or ten years subsequent to the entry of the judgment and sentence,
whichever period is longer. The portion of the sentence concerning restitution
may be modified as to amount, terms and conditions during the ten-year period,
regardless of the expiration of the offender's term of community supervision
and regardless of the statutory maximum for the crime. The offender's
compliance with the restitution shall be supervised by the department.
(2) Restitution shall
be ordered whenever the offender is convicted of an offense which results in
injury to any person or damage to or loss of property unless extraordinary
circumstances exist which make restitution inappropriate in the court's
judgment and the court sets forth such circumstances in the record. In
addition, restitution shall be ordered to pay for an injury, loss, or damage if
the offender pleads guilty to a lesser offense or fewer offenses and agrees with
the prosecutor's recommendation that the offender be required to pay
restitution to a victim of an offense or offenses which are not prosecuted
pursuant to a plea agreement.
(3) Regardless of
the provisions of subsections (1) and (2) of this section, the court shall
order restitution in all cases where the victim is entitled to benefits under
the crime victims' compensation act, chapter 7.68 RCW. If the court does not
order restitution and the victim of the crime has been determined to be
entitled to benefits under the crime victims' compensation act, the department
of labor and industries, as administrator of the crime victims' compensation
program, may petition the court within one year of entry of the judgment and
sentence for entry of a restitution order. Upon receipt of a petition from the
department of labor and industries, the court shall hold a restitution hearing
and shall enter a restitution order.
(4) In addition
to any sentence that may be imposed, a defendant who has been found guilty of
an offense involving fraud or other deceptive practice or an organization which
has been found guilty of any such offense may be ordered by the sentencing
court to give notice of the conviction to the class of persons or to the sector
of the public affected by the conviction or financially interested in the
subject matter of the offense by mail, by advertising in designated areas or
through designated media, or by other appropriate means.
(((4))) (5)
This section does not limit civil remedies or defenses available to the victim,
survivors of the victim, or defendant.
(((5))) (6)
This section shall apply to offenses committed after July 1, 1985.
Sec. 5. RCW 13.40.190 and 1994
sp.s. c 7 s 528 are each amended to read as follows:
(1) In its
dispositional order, the court shall require the respondent to make restitution
to any persons who have suffered loss or damage as a result of the offense
committed by the respondent. In addition, restitution may be ordered for loss
or damage if the offender pleads guilty to a lesser offense or fewer offenses
and agrees with the prosecutor's recommendation that the offender be required
to pay restitution to a victim of an offense or offenses which, pursuant to a
plea agreement, are not prosecuted. The payment of restitution shall be in
addition to any punishment which is imposed pursuant to the other provisions of
this chapter. The court may determine the amount, terms, and conditions of the
restitution including a payment plan extending up to ten years if the court
determines that the respondent does not have the means to make full restitution
over a shorter period. Restitution may include the costs of counseling
reasonably related to the offense. If the respondent participated in the crime
with another person or other persons, all such participants shall be jointly
and severally responsible for the payment of restitution. For the purposes of
this section, the respondent shall remain under the court's jurisdiction for a
maximum term of ten years after the respondent's eighteenth birthday. The
court may not require the respondent to pay full or partial restitution if the
respondent reasonably satisfies the court that he or she does not have the
means to make full or partial restitution and could not reasonably acquire the
means to pay such restitution over a ten-year period. In cases where an
offender has been committed to the department for a period of confinement
exceeding fifteen weeks, restitution may be waived.
(2) Regardless of
the provisions of subsection (1) of this section, the court shall order
restitution in all cases where the victim is entitled to benefits under the
crime victims' compensation act, chapter 7.68 RCW. If the court does not order
restitution and the victim of the crime has been determined to be entitled to
benefits under the crime victims' compensation act, the department of labor and
industries, as administrator of the crime victims' compensation program, may
petition the court within one year of entry of the disposition order for entry
of a restitution order. Upon receipt of a petition from the department of
labor and industries, the court shall hold a restitution hearing and shall
enter a restitution order.
(3) If an order
includes restitution as one of the monetary assessments, the county clerk shall
make disbursements to victims named in the order. The restitution to victims
named in the order shall be paid prior to any payment for other penalties or
monetary assessments.
(((3))) (4)
A respondent under obligation to pay restitution may petition the court for
modification of the restitution order.
Sec. 6. RCW 9.95.210 and 1993 c
251 s 3 are each amended to read as follows:
In granting probation,
the court may suspend the imposition or the execution of the sentence and may
direct that the suspension may continue upon such conditions and for such time
as it shall designate, not exceeding the maximum term of sentence or two years,
whichever is longer.
In the order granting
probation and as a condition thereof, the court may in its discretion imprison
the defendant in the county jail for a period not exceeding one year and may
fine the defendant any sum not exceeding the statutory limit for the offense
committed, and court costs. As a condition of probation, the court shall
require the payment of the penalty assessment required by RCW 7.68.035. The
court may also require the defendant to make such monetary payments, on such
terms as it deems appropriate under the circumstances, as are necessary (1) to
comply with any order of the court for the payment of family support, (2) to
make restitution to any person or persons who may have suffered loss or damage
by reason of the commission of the crime in question or when the offender
pleads guilty to a lesser offense or fewer offenses and agrees with the
prosecutor's recommendation that the offender be required to pay restitution to
a victim of an offense or offenses which are not prosecuted pursuant to a plea
agreement, (3) to pay such fine as may be imposed and court costs, including
reimbursement of the state for costs of extradition if return to this state by
extradition was required, (4) following consideration of the financial
condition of the person subject to possible electronic monitoring, to pay for
the costs of electronic monitoring if that monitoring was required by the court
as a condition of release from custody or as a condition of probation, (5) to
contribute to a county or interlocal drug fund, and (6) to make restitution to
a public agency for the costs of an emergency response under RCW 38.52.430, and
may require bonds for the faithful observance of any and all conditions imposed
in the probation.
The court shall
order restitution in all cases where the victim is entitled to benefits under
the crime victims' compensation act, chapter 7.68 RCW. If the court does not
order restitution and the victim of the crime has been determined to be
entitled to benefits under the crime victims' compensation act, the department
of labor and industries, as administrator of the crime victims' compensation
program, may petition the court within one year of imposition of the sentence
for entry of a restitution order. Upon receipt of a petition from the
department of labor and industries, the court shall hold a restitution hearing
and shall enter a restitution order.
The court shall order
the probationer to report to the secretary of corrections or such officer as
the secretary may designate and as a condition of the probation to follow
implicitly the instructions of the secretary. If the probationer has been
ordered to make restitution, the officer supervising the probationer shall make
a reasonable effort to ascertain whether restitution has been made. If
restitution has not been made as ordered, the officer shall inform the
prosecutor of that violation of the terms of probation not less than three
months prior to the termination of the probation period. The secretary of
corrections will promulgate rules and regulations for the conduct of the person
during the term of probation. For defendants found guilty in district court,
like functions as the secretary performs in regard to probation may be
performed by probation officers employed for that purpose by the county
legislative authority of the county wherein the court is located.
