AN
ACT Relating to escaping from custody; amending RCW 9A.76.110, 9A.76.120,
9A.76.170, 9A.76.010, and 9.94A.360; adding a new section to chapter 10.88 RCW;
creating a new section; repealing RCW 72.65.070 and 72.66.060; prescribing
penalties; providing an effective date; and declaring an emergency.
BE IT
ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON:
Sec.
1. RCW
9A.76.110 and 1982 1st ex.s. c 47 s 23 are each amended to read as follows:
(1)
A person is guilty of escape in the first degree if((,)) he or she
knowingly escapes from custody or a detention facility while being detained
pursuant to a conviction of a felony or an equivalent juvenile offense((, he
escapes from custody or a detention facility)).
(2)
It is an affirmative defense to a prosecution under this section that
uncontrollable circumstances prevented the person from remaining in custody or
in the detention facility or from returning to custody or to the detention
facility, and that the person did not contribute to the creation of such
circumstances in reckless disregard of the requirement to remain or return, and
that the person returned to custody or the detention facility as soon as such
circumstances ceased to exist.
(3)
Escape in the first degree is a class B felony.
Sec.
2. RCW
9A.76.120 and 1995 c 216 s 15 are each amended to read as follows:
(1)
A person is guilty of escape in the second degree if:
(a)
He or she knowingly escapes from a detention facility;
(b)
Having been charged with a felony or an equivalent juvenile offense, he or she knowingly
escapes from custody; or
(c)
((Having been found to be a sexually violent predator and being under an
order of conditional release, he or she leaves the state of Washington without
prior court authorization)) Having been committed under chapter 10.77
RCW for a sex, violent, or felony harassment offense and being under an order
of conditional release, he or she knowingly leaves or remains absent from the
state of Washington without prior court authorization.
(2)
It is an affirmative defense to a prosecution under this section that
uncontrollable circumstances prevented the person from remaining in custody or
in the detention facility or from returning to custody or to the detention
facility, and that the person did not contribute to the creation of such
circumstances in reckless disregard of the requirement to remain or return, and
that the person returned to custody or the detention facility as soon as such
circumstances ceased to exist.
(3)
Escape in the second degree is a class C felony.
Sec.
3. RCW
9A.76.170 and 1983 1st ex.s. c 4 s 3 are each amended to read as follows:
(1)
Any person having been released by court order or admitted to bail with knowledge
of the requirement of a subsequent personal appearance before any court of
this state, or of the requirement to report to a correctional facility for
service of sentence, and who ((knowingly)) fails to appear or who
fails to surrender for service of sentence as required is guilty of bail
jumping.
(2)
It is an affirmative defense to a prosecution under this section that
uncontrollable circumstances prevented the person from appearing or surrendering,
and that the person did not contribute to the creation of such circumstances in
reckless disregard of the requirement to appear or surrender, and that the
person appeared or surrendered as soon as such circumstances ceased to exist.
(3)
Bail jumping is:
(a)
A class A felony if the person was held for, charged with, or convicted of
murder in the first degree;
(b)
A class B felony if the person was held for, charged with, or convicted of a
class A felony other than murder in the first degree;
(c)
A class C felony if the person was held for, charged with, or convicted of a
class B or class C felony;
(d)
A misdemeanor if the person was held for, charged with, or convicted of a gross
misdemeanor or misdemeanor.
Sec.
4. RCW
9A.76.010 and 1991 c 181 s 6 are each amended to read as follows:
The
following definitions are applicable in this chapter unless the context
otherwise requires:
(1)
"Custody" means restraint pursuant to a lawful arrest or an order of
a court, or any period of service on a work crew: PROVIDED, That custody
pursuant to chapter 13.34 RCW and RCW 74.13.020 and 74.13.031 and chapter
13.32A RCW shall not be deemed custody for purposes of this chapter;
(2)
"Detention facility" means any place used for the confinement of a
person (a) arrested for, charged with or convicted of an offense, or (b)
charged with being or adjudicated to be a juvenile offender as defined in RCW
13.40.020 as now existing or hereafter amended, or (c) held for extradition or
as a material witness, or (d) otherwise confined pursuant to an order of a
court, except an order under chapter 13.34 RCW or chapter 13.32A RCW, or (e) in
any work release, furlough, or other such facility or program;
(3)
"Contraband" means any article or thing which a person confined in a
detention facility is prohibited from obtaining or possessing by statute, rule,
regulation, or order of a court;
(4)
"Uncontrollable circumstances" means an act of nature such as a
flood, earthquake, or fire, or a medical condition that requires immediate
hospitalization or treatment, or an act of man such as an automobile accident
or threats of death, forcible sexual attack, or substantial bodily injury in
the immediate future for which there is no time for a complaint to the
authorities and no time or opportunity to resort to the courts.
Sec.
5. RCW
9.94A.360 and 2000 c 28 s 15 are each amended to read as follows:
The
offender score is measured on the horizontal axis of the sentencing grid. The
offender score rules are as follows:
The
offender score is the sum of points accrued under this section rounded down to
the nearest whole number.
(1)
A prior conviction is a conviction which exists before the date of sentencing
for the offense for which the offender score is being computed. Convictions
entered or sentenced on the same date as the conviction for which the offender
score is being computed shall be deemed "other current offenses"
within the meaning of RCW 9.94A.400.
(2)
Class A and sex prior felony convictions shall always be included in the
offender score. Class B prior felony convictions other than sex offenses shall
not be included in the offender score, if since the last date of release from
confinement (including full-time residential treatment) pursuant to a felony
conviction, if any, or entry of judgment and sentence, the offender had spent
ten consecutive years in the community without committing any crime that
subsequently results in a conviction. Class C prior felony convictions other
than sex offenses shall not be included in the offender score if, since the
last date of release from confinement (including full-time residential
treatment) pursuant to a felony conviction, if any, or entry of judgment and
sentence, the offender had spent five consecutive years in the community
without committing any crime that subsequently results in a conviction.
Serious traffic convictions shall not be included in the offender score if,
since the last date of release from confinement (including full-time
residential treatment) pursuant to a felony conviction, if any, or entry of
judgment and sentence, the offender spent five years in the community without
committing any crime that subsequently results in a conviction. This
subsection applies to both adult and juvenile prior convictions.
(3)
Out-of-state convictions for offenses shall be classified according to the
comparable offense definitions and sentences provided by Washington law.
Federal convictions for offenses shall be classified according to the
comparable offense definitions and sentences provided by Washington law. If
there is no clearly comparable offense under Washington law or the offense is
one that is usually considered subject to exclusive federal jurisdiction, the
offense shall be scored as a class C felony equivalent if it was a felony under
the relevant federal statute.
(4)
Score prior convictions for felony anticipatory offenses (attempts, criminal
solicitations, and criminal conspiracies) the same as if they were convictions
for completed offenses.
(5)(a)
In the case of multiple prior convictions, for the purpose of computing the
offender score, count all convictions separately, except:
(i)
Prior offenses which were found, under RCW 9.94A.400(1)(a), to encompass the
same criminal conduct, shall be counted as one offense, the offense that yields
the highest offender score. The current sentencing court shall determine with
respect to other prior adult offenses for which sentences were served
concurrently or prior juvenile offenses for which sentences were served
consecutively, whether those offenses shall be counted as one offense or as
separate offenses using the "same criminal conduct" analysis found in
RCW 9.94A.400(1)(a), and if the court finds that they shall be counted as one
offense, then the offense that yields the highest offender score shall be
used. The current sentencing court may presume that such other prior offenses
were not the same criminal conduct from sentences imposed on separate dates, or
in separate counties or jurisdictions, or in separate complaints, indictments,
or informations;
(ii)
In the case of multiple prior convictions for offenses committed before July 1,
1986, for the purpose of computing the offender score, count all adult
convictions served concurrently as one offense, and count all juvenile
convictions entered on the same date as one offense. Use the conviction for
the offense that yields the highest offender score.
(b)
As used in this subsection (5), "served concurrently" means that:
(i) The latter sentence was imposed with specific reference to the former; (ii)
the concurrent relationship of the sentences was judicially imposed; and (iii)
the concurrent timing of the sentences was not the result of a probation or
parole revocation on the former offense.
(6)
If the present conviction is one of the anticipatory offenses of criminal
attempt, solicitation, or conspiracy, count each prior conviction as if the
present conviction were for a completed offense. When these convictions are
used as criminal history, score them the same as a completed crime.
(7)
If the present conviction is for a nonviolent offense and not covered by
subsection (11) or (12) of this section, count one point for each adult prior
felony conviction and one point for each juvenile prior violent felony
conviction and 1/2 point for each juvenile prior nonviolent felony conviction.
(8)
If the present conviction is for a violent offense and not covered in subsection
(9), (10), (11), or (12) of this section, count two points for each prior adult
and juvenile violent felony conviction, one point for each prior adult
nonviolent felony conviction, and 1/2 point for each prior juvenile nonviolent
felony conviction.
(9)
If the present conviction is for a serious violent offense, count three points
for prior adult and juvenile convictions for crimes in this category, two
points for each prior adult and juvenile violent conviction (not already
counted), one point for each prior adult nonviolent felony conviction, and 1/2
point for each prior juvenile nonviolent felony conviction.
(10)
If the present conviction is for Burglary 1, count prior convictions as in
subsection (8) of this section; however count two points for each prior adult
Burglary 2 or residential burglary conviction, and one point for each prior
juvenile Burglary 2 or residential burglary conviction.
(11)
If the present conviction is for a felony traffic offense count two points for
each adult or juvenile prior conviction for Vehicular Homicide or Vehicular
Assault; for each felony offense count one point for each adult and 1/2 point
for each juvenile prior conviction; for each serious traffic offense, other
than those used for an enhancement pursuant to RCW 46.61.520(2), count one
point for each adult and 1/2 point for each juvenile prior conviction.
(12)
If the present conviction is for a drug offense count three points for each
adult prior felony drug offense conviction and two points for each juvenile drug
offense. All other adult and juvenile felonies are scored as in subsection (8)
of this section if the current drug offense is violent, or as in subsection (7)
of this section if the current drug offense is nonviolent.
(13)
If the present conviction is for ((Willful Failure to Return from Furlough,
RCW 72.66.060, Willful Failure to Return from Work Release, RCW 72.65.070, or))
Escape from Community Custody, RCW 72.09.310, count only prior escape
convictions in the offender score. Count adult prior escape convictions as one
point and juvenile prior escape convictions as 1/2 point.
(14)
If the present conviction is for Escape 1, RCW 9A.76.110, or Escape 2, RCW
9A.76.120, count adult prior convictions as one point and juvenile prior
convictions as 1/2 point.
(15)
If the present conviction is for Burglary 2 or residential burglary, count
priors as in subsection (7) of this section; however, count two points for each
adult and juvenile prior Burglary 1 conviction, two points for each adult prior
Burglary 2 or residential burglary conviction, and one point for each juvenile
prior Burglary 2 or residential burglary conviction.
(16)
If the present conviction is for a sex offense, count priors as in subsections
(7) through (15) of this section; however count three points for each adult and
juvenile prior sex offense conviction.
(17)
If the present conviction is for an offense committed while the offender was
under community placement, add one point.
NEW
SECTION. Sec. 6. A
new section is added to chapter 10.88 RCW to read as follows:
A
law enforcement agency shall deliver a person in custody to the accredited
agent or agents of a demanding state without the governor's warrant provided
that:
(1)
Such person is alleged to have broken the terms of his or her probation,
parole, bail, or any other release of the demanding state; and
(2)
The law enforcement agency has received from the demanding state an
authenticated copy of a prior waiver of extradition signed by such person as a
term of his or her probation, parole, bail, or any other release of the
demanding state and photographs or fingerprints or other evidence properly
identifying the person as the person who signed the waiver.
NEW
SECTION. Sec. 7. The
following acts or parts of acts are each repealed:
(1) RCW
72.65.070 (Wilfully failing to return--Deemed escapee and
fugitive--Penalty) and 1967 c 17 s 7; and
(2) RCW
72.66.060 (Wilfully failing to return--Deemed escapee and
fugitive--Penalty) and 1971 ex.s. c 58 s 7.
NEW
SECTION. Sec. 8. The
laws repealed by this act are repealed except with respect to rights and duties
which matured, penalties which were incurred, proceedings which were begun
prior to the effective date of this act, or proceedings which are initiated
after this act for violations committed prior to the effective date of this
act.
NEW
SECTION. Sec. 9. This
act is necessary for the immediate preservation of the public peace, health, or
safety, or support of the state government and its existing public
institutions, and takes effect July 1, 2001.
