Washington State
House of Representatives
Office of Program Research
BILL
ANALYSIS

Local Government Committee

HB 2217

Brief Description: Changing provisions relating to growth management.

Sponsors: Representative Simpson.

Brief Summary of Bill
  • Includes new and modified requirements pertaining to county-wide planning policies adopted by counties fully planning under the Growth Management Act (GMA).
  • Includes new and modified requirements pertaining to the "buildable lands" review and evaluation program of the GMA.
  • Requires counties and cities fully planning under the GMA to adopt reasonable measures to increase the jurisdiction's capacity to accommodate planned growth when actions reducing the capacity are taken.
  • Establishes definitions within the GMA for "land suitable for development," "performance measures," "reasonable measures," and "rural counties."

Hearing Date: 1/25/06

Staff: Ethan Moreno (786-7386).

Background:

Growth Management Act - Introduction
Enacted in 1990 and 1991, the Growth Management Act (GMA) establishes a comprehensive land use planning framework for county and city governments in Washington. The GMA specifies numerous provisions for jurisdictions fully planning under the Act (planning jurisdictions) and establishes a reduced number of compliance requirements for all local governments.

Planning jurisdictions must adopt internally consistent comprehensive land use plans (comprehensive plans), which are generalized, coordinated land use policy statements of the governing body. Planning jurisdictions must also adopt development regulations that are consistent with and implement the comprehensive plan.

County-wide Planning Policies
The legislative authority of a county fully planning under the GMA (GMA county) must adopt a county-wide planning policy (CPP) in cooperation with the cities located in whole or part within the county. A CPP is described as a written policy statement or statements used solely for establishing a county-wide framework from which county and city comprehensive plans are developed and adopted.

A CPP must address certain planning and analysis provisions, including:

Urban Growth Areas
The GMA includes numerous requirements relating to the use or development of land in urban and rural areas. Among other planning requirements, GMA counties must designate urban growth areas (UGAs) or areas within which urban growth, must be encouraged and outside of which growth can occur only if it is not urban in nature.

Counties and cities must satisfy many requirements pertaining to UGAs. Using population projections made by the Office of Financial Management, and subject to statutory provisions, GMA counties and each city within these counties must include within UGAs areas and densities sufficient to permit the urban growth that is projected to occur in the county or city for the succeeding 20-year period.

Buildable Lands Program
The GMA requires six western Washington counties (i.e., Clark, King, Kitsap, Pierce, Snohomish, and Thurston counties) and the cities within those counties to establish a review and evaluation "buildable lands" program. The purpose of the program is to determine whether a county and its cities are achieving urban densities, and identify reasonable measures, subject to statutory provisions, that will be taken to comply with GMA requirements.

The buildable lands program must comply with certain requirements, including:

The evaluation component must satisfy specific minimum requirements, including:

If the evaluation demonstrates an inconsistency between what has occurred since the adoption of the CPPs, comprehensive plans, and development regulations, and what was envisioned in those policies, plans, and specific provisions of the GMA, the county and its cities must adopt and implement measures that are reasonably likely to increase consistency during the subsequent five-year period.

The Department of Community, Trade, and Economic Development (DCTED) must, by December 31, 2007, submit to the appropriate committees of the Legislature a buildable lands report analyzing the effectiveness of certain activities in achieving the goals envisioned by CPPs and the comprehensive plans and development regulations of counties and cities.

Capacity Requirements - Land Suitable for Development
Planning jurisdictions must ensure that, taken collectively, actions to adopt or amend comprehensive plans or development regulations provide sufficient capacity of land suitable for development within their jurisdictions. The requirement for sufficient capacity refers to accommodating a jurisdiction's allocated housing and employment growth as adopted in the applicable CPP and consistent with a 20-year population forecast.

Summary of Bill:

New definitions are established in the Growth Management Act, as follows:

County-wide Planning Policies
County-wide planning policies (CPPs) adopted by jurisdictions must address the following additional requirements:

Buildable Lands Program
Numerous new and modified requirements pertaining to the buildable lands review and evaluation program are specified. One of two purpose statements for the program is changed to indicate that a purpose of the program is to identify and adopt reasonable measures, other than adjusting UGAs, that will be taken to comply with the requirements of the GMA, which are sufficient to accommodate residential and nonresidential growth.

The buildable lands program must comply with certain modified requirements, including:

New and modified minimum requirements for the evaluation component of the buildable lands program are provided, including:

The buildable lands provisions pertaining to remedies for certain planning inconsistencies are modified. If, in accordance with information from the joint reports, the evaluation demonstrates that the county or any city is not achieving the land use designations and densities planned for in its comprehensive plan, the county or city must identify and adopt reasonable measures to accommodate the demand for residential units and nonresidential growth during the subsequent five-year period.

If actions to achieve greater consistency between certain planning requirements are necessary, the county or city must revise its comprehensive plan and development regulations or take other actions necessary to increase consistency and satisfy certain requirements. The county or city must adopt and implement appropriate measures within a specified one-year time frame that are reasonably likely to increase consistency during the subsequent five-year period. A county or city adopting actions must demonstrate that it has considered whether the urban land designated for residential and nonresidential uses is zoned at density ranges with applicable development regulations that are reasonably likely to be achieved by the market.

Actions to increase consistency in planned and achieved growth may include, but are not limited to, the following:

A new buildable lands provision states that CPPs may include incentive provisions and enforcement measures to accommodate growth and achieve goals.

A new criteria for the buildable lands report that the DCTED must submit to the Legislature is added. The report must analyze the effectiveness of certain activities and measures taken by counties and cities to achieve the goals envisioned by CPPs and the comprehensive plans and development regulations of counties and cities.

Capacity Requirements - Land Suitable for Development
A new land capacity requirement for planning jurisdictions is specified. When actions are taken that reduce capacity to accommodate planned growth, the jurisdiction must adopt reasonable measures to increase the capacity lost by such actions.

Appropriation: None.

Fiscal Note: Available.

Effective Date: The bill takes effect 90 days after adjournment of session in which bill is passed.