Read first time 03/01/2005.   Referred to Committee on Commerce & Labor.

     AN ACT Relating to making adjustments to improve benefit equity in the unemployment insurance system; amending RCW 50.01.010, 50.20.120, 50.29.021, 50.29.025, and 50.16.030; adding a new section to chapter 50.29 RCW; creating new sections; providing expiration dates; and declaring an emergency.

BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON:

NEW SECTION.  Sec. 1   The legislature finds that the unemployment insurance system was created to set aside unemployment reserves to be used for the benefit of persons who are unemployed through no fault of their own and to maintain purchasing power and limit the social consequences of unemployment. The legislature further finds that the system is falling short of these goals by failing to recognize the importance of applying liberal construction for the purpose of reducing involuntary unemployment, and the suffering caused by it, to the minimum, and by failing to provide equitable benefits to unemployed workers. The legislature also recognizes the desirability of managing the system to take into account the goal of reducing costs to foster a competitive business climate. The legislature intends to adjust the balance between these goals by reinstating the requirement for liberal construction and making other adjustments in the system that will allow reasonable improvements in benefit equity, including reinstating a weekly benefit calculation based on the wages in the two quarters of the claimant's base year in which wages were the highest. The legislature finds that these adjustments are critical to the health and welfare of unemployed workers, and to the purchasing power essential to the economic health and welfare of communities and the state, and should be implemented as soon as feasible.

Sec. 2   RCW 50.01.010 and 2003 2nd sp.s. c 4 s 1 are each amended to read as follows:
     Whereas, economic insecurity due to unemployment is a serious menace to the health, morals and welfare of the people of this state; involuntary unemployment is, therefore, a subject of general interest and concern which requires appropriate action by the legislature to prevent its spread and to lighten its burden which now so often falls with crushing force upon the unemployed worker and his family. Social security requires protection against this greatest hazard of our economic life. This can be provided only by application of the insurance principle of sharing the risks, and by the systematic accumulation of funds during periods of employment to provide benefits for periods of unemployment, thus maintaining purchasing powers and limiting the serious social consequences of relief assistance. The state of Washington, therefore, exercising herein its police and sovereign power endeavors by this title to remedy any widespread unemployment situation which may occur and to set up safeguards to prevent its recurrence in the years to come. The legislature, therefore, declares that in its considered judgment the public good, and the general welfare of the citizens of this state require the enactment of this measure, under the police powers of the state, for the compulsory setting aside of unemployment reserves to be used for the benefit of persons unemployed through no fault of their own, and that this title shall be liberally construed for the purpose of reducing involuntary unemployment and the suffering caused thereby to the minimum.

Sec. 3   RCW 50.20.120 and 2003 2nd sp.s. c 4 s 11 are each amended to read as follows:
     (1)(a) Subject to the other provisions of this title, benefits shall be payable to any eligible individual during the individual's benefit year in a maximum amount equal to the lesser of thirty times the weekly benefit amount, as determined in subsection (2) of this section, or one-third of the individual's base year wages under this title: PROVIDED, That as to any week which falls in an extended benefit period as defined in RCW 50.22.010(1), an individual's eligibility for maximum benefits in excess of twenty-six times his or her weekly benefit amount will be subject to the terms and conditions set forth in RCW 50.22.020.
     (b) With respect to claims that have an effective date on or after the first Sunday of the calendar month immediately following the month in which the commissioner finds that the state unemployment rate is six and eight-tenths percent or less, benefits shall be payable to any eligible individual during the individual's benefit year in a maximum amount equal to the lesser of twenty-six times the weekly benefit amount, as determined in subsection (2) of this section, or one-third of the individual's base year wages under this title.
     (2)(a) For claims with an effective date before January 4, 2004, an individual's weekly benefit amount shall be an amount equal to one twenty-fifth of the average quarterly wages of the individual's total wages during the two quarters of the individual's base year in which such total wages were highest.
     (b) With respect to claims with an effective date on or after January 4, 2004, and before January 2, 2005, an individual's weekly benefit amount shall be an amount equal to one twenty-fifth of the average quarterly wages of the individual's total wages during the three quarters of the individual's base year in which such total wages were highest.
     (c)(i) With respect to claims with an effective date on or after January 2, 2005, except as provided in (c)(ii) of this subsection, an individual's weekly benefit amount shall be an amount equal to one percent of the total wages paid in the individual's base year.
     (ii) With respect to claims with an effective date on or after the first Sunday following the day on which the governor signs this act, and before July 1, 2007, an individual's weekly benefit amount shall be an amount equal to three and eighty-five one-hundredths percent of the average quarterly wages of the individual's total wages during the two quarters of the individual's base year in which such total wages were highest.
     (3) The maximum and minimum amounts payable weekly shall be determined as of each June 30th to apply to benefit years beginning in the twelve-month period immediately following such June 30th.
     (a)(i) With respect to claims that have an effective date before January 4, 2004, the maximum amount payable weekly shall be seventy percent of the "average weekly wage" for the calendar year preceding such June 30th.
     (ii) With respect to claims that have an effective date on or after January 4, 2004, the maximum amount payable weekly shall be either four hundred ninety-six dollars or sixty-three percent of the "average weekly wage" for the calendar year preceding such June 30th, whichever is greater.
     (b) The minimum amount payable weekly shall be fifteen percent of the "average weekly wage" for the calendar year preceding such June 30th.
     (4) If any weekly benefit, maximum benefit, or minimum benefit amount computed herein is not a multiple of one dollar, it shall be reduced to the next lower multiple of one dollar.

Sec. 4   RCW 50.29.021 and 2003 2nd sp.s. c 4 s 21 are each amended to read as follows:
     (1) This section applies to benefits charged to the experience rating accounts of employers for claims that have an effective date on or after January 4, 2004.
     (2)(a) An experience rating account shall be established and maintained for each employer, except employers as described in RCW 50.44.010 and 50.44.030 who have properly elected to make payments in lieu of contributions, taxable local government employers as described in RCW 50.44.035, and those employers who are required to make payments in lieu of contributions, based on existing records of the employment security department.
     (b) Benefits paid to an eligible individual shall be charged to the experience rating accounts of each of such individual's employers during the individual's base year in the same ratio that the wages paid by each employer to the individual during the base year bear to the wages paid by all employers to that individual during that base year, except as otherwise provided in this section.
     (c) When the eligible individual's separating employer is a covered contribution paying base year employer, benefits paid to the eligible individual shall be charged to the experience rating account of only the individual's separating employer if the individual qualifies for benefits under:
     (i) RCW 50.20.050(2)(b)(i), as applicable, and became unemployed after having worked and earned wages in the bona fide work; or
     (ii) RCW 50.20.050(2)(b)(v) through (x).
     (3) The legislature finds that certain benefit payments, in whole or in part, should not be charged to the experience rating accounts of employers except those employers described in RCW 50.44.010 and 50.44.030 who have properly elected to make payments in lieu of contributions, taxable local government employers described in RCW 50.44.035, and those employers who are required to make payments in lieu of contributions, as follows:
     (a) Benefits paid to any individual later determined to be ineligible shall not be charged to the experience rating account of any contribution paying employer.
     (b) Benefits paid to an individual filing under the provisions of chapter 50.06 RCW shall not be charged to the experience rating account of any contribution paying employer only if:
     (i) The individual files under RCW 50.06.020(1) after receiving crime victims' compensation for a disability resulting from a nonwork-related occurrence; or
     (ii) The individual files under RCW 50.06.020(2).
     (c) Benefits paid which represent the state's share of benefits payable as extended benefits defined under RCW 50.22.010(6) shall not be charged to the experience rating account of any contribution paying employer.
     (d) In the case of individuals who requalify for benefits under RCW 50.20.050 or 50.20.060, benefits based on wage credits earned prior to the disqualifying separation shall not be charged to the experience rating account of the contribution paying employer from whom that separation took place.
     (e) Individuals who qualify for benefits under RCW 50.20.050(2)(b)(iv), as applicable, shall not have their benefits charged to the experience rating account of any contribution paying employer.
     (f) With respect to claims with an effective date on or after the first Sunday following the day on which the governor signs this act, and before July 1, 2007, benefits paid that exceed the benefits that would have been paid if the weekly benefit amount for the claim had been determined as one percent of the total wages paid in the individual's base year shall not be charged to the experience rating account of any contribution paying employer.
     (4)(a) A contribution paying base year employer, not otherwise eligible for relief of charges for benefits under this section, may receive such relief if the benefit charges result from payment to an individual who:
     (i) Last left the employ of such employer voluntarily for reasons not attributable to the employer;
     (ii) Was discharged for misconduct or gross misconduct connected with his or her work not a result of inability to meet the minimum job requirements;
     (iii) Is unemployed as a result of closure or severe curtailment of operation at the employer's plant, building, worksite, or other facility. This closure must be for reasons directly attributable to a catastrophic occurrence such as fire, flood, or other natural disaster; or
     (iv) Continues to be employed on a regularly scheduled permanent part-time basis by a base year employer and who at some time during the base year was concurrently employed and subsequently separated from at least one other base year employer. Benefit charge relief ceases when the employment relationship between the employer requesting relief and the claimant is terminated. This subsection does not apply to shared work employers under chapter 50.60 RCW.
     (b) The employer requesting relief of charges under this subsection must request relief in writing within thirty days following mailing to the last known address of the notification of the valid initial determination of such claim, stating the date and reason for the separation or the circumstances of continued employment. The commissioner, upon investigation of the request, shall determine whether relief should be granted.

Sec. 5   RCW 50.29.025 and 2003 2nd sp.s. c 4 s 14 are each amended to read as follows:
     (1) Except as provided in subsection (2) of this section, the contribution rate for each employer subject to contributions under RCW 50.24.010 shall be determined under this subsection.
     (a) A fund balance ratio shall be determined by dividing the balance in the unemployment compensation fund as of the September 30th immediately preceding the rate year by the total remuneration paid by all employers subject to contributions during the second calendar year preceding the rate year and reported to the department by the following March 31st. The division shall be carried to the fourth decimal place with the remaining fraction, if any, disregarded. The fund balance ratio shall be expressed as a percentage.
     (b) The interval of the fund balance ratio, expressed as a percentage, shall determine which tax schedule in (e) of this subsection shall be in effect for assigning tax rates for the rate year. The intervals for determining the effective tax schedule shall be:

Sec. 6   RCW 50.16.030 and 1999 c 36 s 1 are each amended to read as follows:
     (1)(a) Except as provided in (b) and (c) of this subsection, moneys shall be requisitioned from this state's account in the unemployment trust fund solely for the payment of benefits and repayment of loans from the federal government to guarantee solvency of the unemployment compensation fund in accordance with regulations prescribed by the commissioner, except that money credited to this state's account pursuant to section 903 of the social security act, as amended, shall be used exclusively as provided in RCW 50.16.030(5). The commissioner shall from time to time requisition from the unemployment trust fund such amounts, not exceeding the amounts standing to its account therein, as he or she deems necessary for the payment of benefits for a reasonable future period. Upon receipt thereof the treasurer shall deposit such moneys in the benefit account and shall issue his or her warrants for the payment of benefits solely from such benefits account.
     (b) Moneys for the payment of regular benefits as defined in RCW 50.22.010 shall be requisitioned during fiscal years 2006 and 2007 in the following order:
     (i) First, from the moneys credited to this state's account in the unemployment trust fund pursuant to section 903 of the social security act, as amended in section 209 of the temporary extended unemployment compensation act of 2002 (42 U.S.C. Sec. 1103(d)), the amount equal to the amount of benefits charged that exceed the contributions paid in the four consecutive calendar quarters ending on June 30, 2006, for the fiscal year 2006 calculation, and ending on June 30, 2007, for the fiscal year 2007 calculation, because the social cost factor contributions that employers are subject to under RCW 50.29.025(2)(b)(ii)(B) are less than the social cost factor contributions that these employers would have been subject to if RCW 50.29.025(2)(b)(ii)(A) had applied to these employers; and
     (ii) Second, after the requisitioning required under (b)(i) of this subsection in the respective fiscal year, from all other moneys credited to this state's account in the unemployment trust fund.
     (c) After the requisitioning required under (b) of this subsection, if applicable, moneys for the payment of regular benefits as defined in RCW 50.22.010 shall be requisitioned during calendar year 2007 in the following order:
     (i) First, from the moneys credited to this state's account in the unemployment trust fund pursuant to section 903 of the social security act, as amended in section 209 of the temporary extended unemployment compensation act of 2002 (42 U.S.C. Sec. 1103(d)), the amount equal to the amount of benefits paid under RCW 50.20.120(2)(c)(ii) beginning on the first Sunday following the day on which the governor signs this act and ending on June 30, 2007, that exceed the amount of benefits that would have been paid if the weekly benefit amount had been determined as one percent of the total wages paid in the individual's base year; and
     (ii) Second, after the requisitioning required under (c)(i) of this subsection in the respective calendar year, from all other moneys credited to this state's account in the unemployment trust fund.
     (2) Expenditures of such moneys in the benefit account and refunds from the clearing account shall not be subject to any provisions of law requiring specific appropriations or other formal release by state officers of money in their custody, and RCW 43.01.050, as amended, shall not apply. All warrants issued by the treasurer for the payment of benefits and refunds shall bear the signature of the treasurer and the countersignature of the commissioner, or his or her duly authorized agent for that purpose.
     (3) Any balance of moneys requisitioned from the unemployment trust fund which remains unclaimed or unpaid in the benefit account after the expiration of the period for which sums were requisitioned shall either be deducted from estimates for, and may be utilized for the payment of, benefits during succeeding periods, or in the discretion of the commissioner, shall be redeposited with the secretary of the treasury of the United States of America to the credit of this state's account in the unemployment trust fund.
     (4) Money credited to the account of this state in the unemployment trust fund by the secretary of the treasury of the United States of America pursuant to section 903 of the social security act, as amended, may be requisitioned and used for the payment of expenses incurred for the administration of this title pursuant to a specific appropriation by the legislature, provided that the expenses are incurred and the money is requisitioned after the enactment of an appropriation law which:
     (a) Specifies the purposes for which such money is appropriated and the amounts appropriated therefor;
     (b) Limits the period within which such money may be obligated to a period ending not more than two years after the date of the enactment of the appropriation law; and
     (c) Limits the amount which may be obligated during a twelve-month period beginning on July 1st and ending on the next June 30th to an amount which does not exceed the amount by which (i) the aggregate of the amounts credited to the account of this state pursuant to section 903 of the social security act, as amended, during the same twelve-month period and the thirty-four preceding twelve-month periods, exceeds (ii) the aggregate of the amounts obligated pursuant to RCW 50.16.030 (4), (5) and (6) and charged against the amounts credited to the account of this state during any of such thirty-five twelve-month periods. For the purposes of RCW 50.16.030 (4), (5) and (6), amounts obligated during any such twelve-month period shall be charged against equivalent amounts which were first credited and which are not already so charged; except that no amount obligated for administration during any such twelve-month period may be charged against any amount credited during such a twelve-month period earlier than the thirty-fourth twelve-month period preceding such period: PROVIDED, That any amount credited to this state's account under section 903 of the social security act, as amended, which has been appropriated for expenses of administration, whether or not withdrawn from the trust fund shall be excluded from the unemployment compensation fund balance for the purpose of experience rating credit determination.
     (5) Money credited to the account of this state pursuant to section 903 of the social security act, as amended, may not be withdrawn or used except for the payment of benefits and for the payment of expenses of administration and of public employment offices pursuant to RCW 50.16.030 (4), (5) and (6). However, moneys credited because of excess amounts in federal accounts in federal fiscal years 1999, 2000, and 2001 shall be used solely for the administration of the unemployment compensation program and are not subject to appropriation by the legislature for any other purpose.
     (6) Money requisitioned as provided in RCW 50.16.030 (4), (5) and (6) for the payment of expenses of administration shall be deposited in the unemployment compensation fund, but until expended, shall remain a part of the unemployment compensation fund. The commissioner shall maintain a separate record of the deposit, obligation, expenditure and return of funds so deposited. Any money so deposited which either will not be obligated within the period specified by the appropriation law or remains unobligated at the end of the period, and any money which has been obligated within the period but will not be expended, shall be returned promptly to the account of this state in the unemployment trust fund.

NEW SECTION.  Sec. 7   A new section is added to chapter 50.29 RCW to read as follows:
     (1) By October 1, 2006, and October 1, 2007, the employment security department must report to the appropriate committees of the legislature on the impact, or projected impact, of sections 2 and 3, chapter ..., Laws of 2005 (sections 2 and 3 of this act) on the unemployment trust fund in the three consecutive fiscal years beginning with the year before the report date.
     (2) This section expires January 1, 2008.

NEW SECTION.  Sec. 8   To establish additional capacity within the employment security department, the department is authorized to add two full-time equivalent employees to develop economic models for estimating the impacts of policy changes on the unemployment insurance system and the unemployment trust fund.

NEW SECTION.  Sec. 9   (1)(a) The joint legislative task force on unemployment insurance benefit equity is established. The joint legislative task force shall consist of the following members:
     (i) The chair and ranking minority member of the senate labor, commerce, research and development committee;
     (ii) The chair and ranking minority member of the house commerce and labor committee;
     (iii) Four members representing business, selected from nominations submitted by statewide business organizations representing a cross-section of industries and appointed jointly by the president of the senate and the speaker of the house of representatives; and
     (iv) Four members representing labor, selected from nominations submitted by statewide labor organizations representing a cross-section of industries and appointed jointly by the president of the senate and the speaker of the house of representatives.
     (b) In addition, the employment security department shall cooperate with the task force and maintain a liaison representative, who shall be a nonvoting member. The department shall cooperate with the task force and provide information as the task force may reasonably request.
     (2) The task force shall review the unemployment insurance system, including, but not limited to, whether the benefit structure provides for equitable benefits, whether the structure fairly accounts for changes in the work force and industry work patterns, including seasonality, and for claimants' annual work patterns, whether the tax structure provides for an equitable distribution of taxes, and whether the trust fund is adequate in the long term.
     (3)(a) The task force shall use legislative facilities, and staff support shall be provided by senate committee services and the house of representatives office of program research. The task force may hire additional staff with specific technical expertise if such expertise is necessary to carry out the mandates of this study.
     (b) Legislative members of the task force shall be reimbursed for travel expenses in accordance with RCW 44.04.120. Nonlegislative members, except those representing an employer or organization, are entitled to be reimbursed for travel expenses in accordance with RCW 43.03.050 and 43.03.060.
     (c) The expenses of the task force shall be paid jointly by the senate and the house of representatives.
     (5) The task force shall report its findings and recommendations to the legislature by January 1, 2006.
     (6) This section expires July 1, 2006.

NEW SECTION.  Sec. 10   (1) Section 2 of this act expires June 30, 2007.
     (2) It is the intent of the legislature that the expiration of sections or subsections of this act results in those sections of law being returned to the law in effect immediately before the effective date of this act.

NEW SECTION.  Sec. 11   If any part of this act is found to be in conflict with federal requirements that are a prescribed condition to the allocation of federal funds to the state or the eligibility of employers in this state for federal unemployment tax credits, the conflicting part of this act is inoperative solely to the extent of the conflict, and the finding or determination does not affect the operation of the remainder of this act. Rules adopted under this act must meet federal requirements that are a necessary condition to the receipt of federal funds by the state or the granting of federal unemployment tax credits to employers in this state.

NEW SECTION.  Sec. 12   This act is necessary for the immediate preservation of the public peace, health, or safety, or support of the state government and its existing public institutions, and takes effect immediately.