Background:

Motor vehicle manufacturers maintain a franchise relationship with their dealers. State law and the franchise agreement outline the responsibilities of each party. The law generally dictates when a manufacturer may own a franchise, when manufacturers may terminate a dealer’s franchise, and that manufacturers may not discriminate between dealerships.

Termination, Cancellation, or Nonrenewal of a Franchise.

A manufacturer's ability to terminate a franchise is restricted. A manufacturer must comply with notice requirements. A dealer may also request a hearing by an administrative law judge to determine that there is good cause for the termination of the franchise and that the manufacturer has acted in good faith.

Except in certain cases that constitute good cause for termination, cancellation, or nonrenewal of a franchise, a manufacturer must pay the dealer:

the unexpired term of the lease or one year, whichever is less, if the dealer is leasing the dealership facilities from someone other than the manufacturer; or
the reasonable rental value of the dealership facilities for one year or until the facilities are leased or sold, whichever is less, if the dealer owns the new motor dealership facilities.

Warranty Work.

Manufacturers must specify the dealer's obligation to perform warranty work or service on the manufacturer's products in franchise agreements. Manufacturers must provide dealers with a schedule of compensation to be paid to the dealer for warranty work or service required of the dealer by the manufacturer in connection with the manufacturer's products.

Designated Successor to Franchise Ownership.

An owner may appoint a designated successor to ownership of the franchise upon the owner's death or incapacity if the designated successor meets certain requirements.

Sale, Transfer, or Exchange of Franchise.

A manufacturer may not unreasonably withhold consent to the sale of a franchise to a qualified buyer who meets the normal, reasonable, and uniformly applied standards established by the manufacturer for the appointment of a new dealer. In determining whether a manufacturer unreasonably withheld its approval, the manufacturer has the burden of proof that it acted reasonably. A manufacturer's refusal to accept or approve a proposed buyer who otherwise meets the normal, reasonable, and uniformly applied standards established by the manufacturer for the appointment of a new dealer, or who otherwise is capable of being licensed as a new motor vehicle dealer, is presumed to be unreasonable.

Summary of Engrossed Substitute Bill:

Termination, Cancellation, or Nonrenewal of a Franchise.

During a legal dispute concerning the termination of a franchise, a dealer's franchise is maintained. For purposes of the notice requirements of the termination of a franchise, a discontinuance of the sale and distribution of a motor vehicle line, or the constructive discontinuance by material reduction in selection offered such that continuing to retail the line is no longer economically viable for a dealer, is considered a termination of a franchise.

In addition to the other required sums that the manufacturer is required to pay in certain termination of a franchise, a manufacturer must also pay the dealer for the costs of any relocation, substantial alteration, or remodeling of a dealer's facilities required by a manufacturer that was completed within three years of the termination. A manufacturer is not required to pay the sums if the dealer voluntarily terminates the franchise. The manufacturer must also pay the dealer the fair market value of the dealer's goodwill within 90 days of the termination.

Warranty Work.

The schedule of compensation for warranty work must not be less than the rates charged by the dealer for similar service to retail customers for nonwarranty service and repairs and the schedule of compensation for any existing dealer. For parts, the rates charged by the dealer is the price paid by the dealer increased by the dealer's average percentage markup. For labor, the manufacturer must pay the dealer rates charged to retail customers.

Designated Successor to Franchise Ownership.

If an owner has owned the dealership for more than five consecutive years, the owner may appoint a designated successor to be effective on a date of the owner's choosing that is prior to the owner's death or disability. A dealer must notify the manufacturer at least 30 days before a designated successor's proposed succession.

Unfair Practices.

Several unfair practices by manufacturers are added. A manufacturer may not:

discriminate against a dealer by preventing, offsetting, or otherwise impairing the dealer's right to request a documentary service fee on affinity or similar program purchases;
terminate a franchise because the dealer relocates the manufacturer's or distributor's make or line of vehicles to an existing dealership facility that is within the relevant market area, except that, in any non-emergency circumstance, the dealer must give the manufacturer at least 60 days notice;
terminate a franchise based on the failure of a franchisee to change the location of the dealership or to make substantial alterations to the use or number of franchises on the dealership premises or facilities;
require a dealer to make a material alteration, expansion, or addition to any dealership facility, unless the required alteration, expansion, or addition is uniformly required of similarly situated dealers and is reasonable in light of all existing circumstances, including economic conditions;
prevent any dealer from changing the executive management of a dealer unless the manufacturer can show that a proposed change will result in executive management by a person who is not of good moral character or who does not meet reasonable, preexisting, and equitably applied standards of the manufacturer; or
condition the sale, transfer, relocation, or renewal of a franchise agreement or condition sales, services, parts, or incentives upon site control or an agreement to make improvements or substantial renovations to a facility. A "substantial renovation" is anything that costs a dealer more than $5,000.

A waiver of franchise law is prohibited, except that certain manufacturer obligations and dealer rights may be waived if the waiver is set forth in a written contract and separate consideration is given.

Sale, Transfer, or Exchange of Franchise.

A manufacturer may not withhold consent to the sale, transfer, or exchange of a franchise to a qualified buyer who meets the normal, reasonable, and uniformly applied standards established by the manufacturer for the appointment of a new dealer who does not already hold a franchise with the manufacturer. The qualification that the manufacturer may not "unreasonably" withhold consent is removed.

Vehicle Export.

A manufacturer may not take or threaten to take any adverse action against a dealer because the dealer sold or leased a vehicle to a customer who exported the vehicle or who resold the vehicle, unless the manufacturer definitively proves that the dealer knew or should have known of the customer's intentions. A manufacturer must indemnify, hold harmless, and defend dealers from claims against the franchisee for any policy or program of the manufacturer for sales of vehicles to parties that intend to export a vehicle purchased from the franchisee.

Manufacturer Liability.

Manufacturers are liable for claims against the dealer if the claim results from:

the condition, characteristics, manufacture, assembly, or design of any vehicle, parts, accessories, tools, or equipment manufactured by the manufacturer;
service systems, procedures, or methods required or recommended by the manufacturer;
improper use by the manufacturer of nonpublic personal information obtained from a dealer; or
any act or omission of the manufacturer for which the dealer would have a claim for contribution or indemnity.

Attorneys' Fees.

A dealer injured by a violation of the franchise provisions may bring a civil action to recover damages, together with the costs of the suit, including reasonable attorneys' fees if the dealer prevails.

Staff Summary of Public Testimony:

(In support) This bill updates the motor vehicle franchise laws. As the economy and the industry has changed, the relationship between dealers and manufactures has been tested. This bill will restore balance and level the playing field between dealers and manufacturers. It also allows dealers to make the best decisions regarding their businesses. A dealer understands the local business climate and it is the dealer's investment, community, and employees. Dealers provide family wage jobs, and in many communities, they collect the largest amount of sales tax. Selling cars is a tough industry, but the market should decide when a dealership fails, not the manufacturer.

This bill addresses several areas where dealers have struggled. Dealers are given very detailed instructions on how they build their dealerships and are often required to make substantial alterations. It is understandable that dealerships must meet the image of the company, but these demands should be reasonable and fair. If requiring dealers to make substantial changes, manufacturers should stand by those requirements.

Dealers and manufacturers have met and there are places where they are working on compromised language. There should be a proposed substitute bill that addresses some of the manufacturers' concerns.

(With concerns) Manufacturers and the automobile (auto) industry are facing great economic difficulties. The Legislature passed sweeping changes to the franchise law just last year. There are some changes in this bill that will hurt manufacturers, but manufacturers understand why they are necessary. There are some changes in this bill, however, that will hurt manufacturers for a great deal. The bill is flawed the way it is drafted, particularly in sections 4 and 6 of the bill, in regards to warranty work and site control. This legislation should not go too far.

The warranty work provisions would be a major change from how things currently work. The work at a dealership is more expensive than any other auto repair facility. This bill makes manufacturers pay those high costs. This is a disincentive to the entire industry. Another issue is in the area of vehicle export. The "actual knowledge" language should be replaced. Dealers should be asking questions related to whether a vehicle is for export.

Recreational vehicle (RV) manufacturers have some concerns with the warranty work provisions and would like to be exempted. It would be better to have RV-specific franchise laws like Oregon. The RV manufacturers have not been included in discussions and the bill applies to them even though the issues surrounding them are so different.

(Opposed) None.