Background: An interstate compact is an agreement between two or more states of the United States of America. The U.S. Constitution provides that "no state shall enter into an agreement or compact with another state" without the consent of Congress. Congress has enacted the Crime Control Act, 4 U.S.C. Section 112 (1965), which authorizes and encourages compacts for cooperative efforts and mutual assistance in the prevention of crime.

The Interstate Compact for the Supervision of Parolees and Probationers was originally drafted in 1937 and eventually adopted by all 50 states, including Washington. The compact has since been substantially redrafted into its current form, the Interstate Compact for Adult Offender Supervision. Washington adopted the new compact in 2005. By adopting the compact, the compact becomes the sole statutory authority for regulating the transfer of adult parole and probation supervision across state boundaries and has the force and effect of federal law. Any statute that is inconsistent with the compact is of no force and effect.

When a state approves the transfer of an offender, the receiving state must take the offender if the offender: (1) has a valid plan of supervision that he or she is in compliance with; (2) is a resident of the receiving state or has resident family in the receiving state who are willing to assist the offender; and (3) can obtain viable employment. The sending state must send the receiving state information sufficient for the receiving state to complete an investigation and ensure that the requirements for transfer are met.

Once the offender is transferred, the receiving state has an obligation to supervise the offender in the same manner as a similarly situated offender convicted in the receiving state.

A sending state may retake an offender at any time except when criminal charges are pending in the receiving state. If criminal charges are pending, the offender may not be retaken without the consent of the receiving state, and until the criminal charges are dismissed, the sentence has been satisfied, or the offender has been released to supervision. The sending state is required to retake an offender under two circumstances:

upon the request of the receiving state, when the offender is convicted of a new felony and has completed any term of incarceration for that offense; or
upon request of the receiving state and a showing that the offender has committed three or more significant violations arising from separate incidents that establish a pattern of non-compliance of the conditions of supervision.

All states participating in the Interstate Compact are represented in the Interstate Commission for Adult Offender Supervision (ICAOS) and have an equal vote in its governance. The Commission receives no federal funding and is financed through the payment of dues by each state. ICAOS conducts a two-year process for making updates to its rules. The next rule-making process is scheduled for 2011; however, ICAOS may adopt emergency rules in the interim.

Summary: The Legislature requests that ICAOS immediately initiate its emergency rule-making process to consider and adopt rule amendments that will:

provide the receiving state with all information known to the sending state about the criminal history and behavior of an offender whose transfer is sought; and
vest the receiving state with the authority to determine when the receiving state can no longer safely supervise an offender and the offender must be returned to the sending state.

In the alternative, the Legislature requests that these issues be addressed through federal legislation.

Senate	47	0
House	96	0