BILL REQ. #:  S-1339.1 

Read first time 02/04/09.   Referred to Committee on Environment, Water & Energy.

     AN ACT Relating to modifying the energy independence act; and amending RCW 19.285.010, 19.285.030, 19.285.040, and 19.285.080.

BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON:

Sec. 1   RCW 19.285.010 and 2007 c 1 s 1 are each amended to read as follows:
     This chapter concerns requirements for new energy resources. This chapter requires large utilities to obtain fifteen percent of their electricity, or one hundred percent of their electricity to serve load growth after conservation, whichever is less, from new renewable resources such as solar and wind by 2020 and undertake cost-effective energy conservation.

Sec. 2   RCW 19.285.030 and 2007 c 1 s 3 are each amended to read as follows:
     The definitions in this section apply throughout this chapter unless the context clearly requires otherwise.
     (1) "Attorney general" means the Washington state office of the attorney general.
     (2) "Auditor" means: (a) The Washington state auditor's office or its designee for qualifying utilities under its jurisdiction that are not investor-owned utilities; or (b) an independent auditor selected by a qualifying utility that is not under the jurisdiction of the state auditor and is not an investor-owned utility.
     (3) "Commission" means the Washington state utilities and transportation commission.
     (4) "Conservation" means any reduction in electric power consumption resulting from increases in the efficiency of energy use, production, or distribution.
     (5) "Cost-effective" has the same meaning as defined in RCW 80.52.030.
     (6) "Council" means the Washington state apprenticeship and training council within the department of labor and industries.
     (7) "Customer" means a person or entity that purchases electricity for ultimate consumption and not for resale.     
     (8) "Department" means the department of community, trade, and economic development or its successor.
     (9) "Distributed generation" means an eligible renewable resource where the generation facility or any integrated cluster of such facilities has a generating capacity of not more than five megawatts.
     (10) "Eligible renewable resource" means:
     (a) Electricity from a generation facility powered by a renewable resource other than fresh water, except as provided in (b) through (e) of this subsection, that commences operation after March 31, 1999, where((: (i))) the facility is located ((in the Pacific Northwest; or (ii) the electricity from the facility is delivered into Washington state on a real-time basis without shaping, storage, or integration services)) within the geographic boundary of the western electricity coordinating council or its successor entity; ((or))
     (b) Incremental electricity produced as a result of efficiency improvements completed after March 31, 1999, to hydroelectric generation projects ((owned by a qualifying utility and)) located in the Pacific Northwest or to hydroelectric generation in water supply pipes, irrigation pipes ((and)), or canals located in the Pacific Northwest, where the additional generation in either case does not result in new water diversions or impoundments;
     (c) Electricity from existing hydroelectric generation projects located in Washington with a rated capacity of thirty megawatts or less and owned by a qualifying utility or joint operating agency formed under RCW 43.52.360;
     (d) Electricity produced from an impoundment located in the Pacific Northwest that has not generated electricity with water since 1990 and that is modified or repowered after the effective date of this section to produce electricity;
     (e) Electricity from a distributed generation facility that uses currents from freshwater rivers and streams that commenced operations after March 31, 1999. The generation of electricity may not be produced as a result of water diversions, impoundments, or dams; or
     (f) Electricity from a biomass energy powered generation facility located in Washington that commenced operation before March 31, 1999.
     (11) "Investor-owned utility" has the same meaning as defined in RCW 19.29A.010.
     (12) "Load" means the amount of kilowatt-hours of electricity delivered in the most recently completed year by a qualifying utility to its Washington retail customers.
     (13) "Nonpower attributes" means all environmentally related characteristics, exclusive of energy, capacity reliability, and other electrical power service attributes, that are associated with the generation of electricity from a renewable resource, including but not limited to the facility's fuel type, geographic location, vintage, qualification as an eligible renewable resource, and avoided emissions of pollutants to the air, soil, or water, and avoided emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases. For an anaerobic digester, its nonpower attributes may be separated into avoided emissions of carbon dioxide, and other greenhouse gases, and into renewable energy credits.
     (14) "Pacific Northwest" has the same meaning as defined for the Bonneville power administration in section 3 of the Pacific Northwest electric power planning and conservation act (94 Stat. 2698; 16 U.S.C. Sec. 839a).
     (15) "Public facility" has the same meaning as defined in RCW 39.35C.010.
     (16) "Qualifying utility" means an electric utility, as the term "electric utility" is defined in RCW 19.29A.010, that serves more than twenty-five thousand customers in the state of Washington. The number of customers served may be based on data reported by a utility in form 861, "annual electric utility report," filed with the energy information administration, United States department of energy.
     (17) "Renewable energy credit" means a tradable certificate of proof of at least one megawatt-hour of an eligible renewable resource where the generation facility is not powered by fresh water, the certificate includes all of the nonpower attributes associated with that one megawatt-hour of electricity, and the certificate is verified by a renewable energy credit tracking system selected by the department.
     (18) "Renewable resource" means: (a) Water; (b) wind; (c) solar energy; (d) geothermal energy; (e) landfill gas; (f) wave, ocean, or tidal power; (g) gas from sewage treatment facilities; (h) biodiesel fuel as defined in RCW 82.29A.135 that is not derived from crops raised on land cleared from old growth ((or first-growth forests)) where the clearing occurred after December 7, 2006; ((and)) (i) byproducts of pulping or wood manufacturing processes located in Washington that are not derived from old growth forests, including but not limited to bark, wood chips, sawdust, and lignin in spent pulping liquors; (j) black liquors derived from algae and other sources; and (k) biomass energy based on animal waste, food waste, yard waste, or solid organic fuels from wood, forest, or field residues, or dedicated energy crops that do not include (i) wood pieces that have been treated with chemical preservatives such as creosote, pentachlorophenol, or copper-chrome-arsenic; (ii) ((black liquor byproduct from paper production; (iii))) wood from old growth forests; or (((iv))) (iii) municipal solid waste.
     (19) "Rule" means rules adopted by an agency or other entity of Washington state government to carry out the intent and purposes of this chapter.
     (20) "Year" means the twelve-month period commencing January 1st and ending December 31st.

Sec. 3   RCW 19.285.040 and 2007 c 1 s 4 are each amended to read as follows:
     (1) Each qualifying utility shall pursue all available conservation that is cost-effective, reliable, and feasible.
     (a) By January 1, 2010, using methodologies consistent with those used by the Pacific Northwest electric power and conservation planning council in its most recently published regional power plan, each qualifying utility shall identify its achievable cost-effective conservation potential through 2019. At least every two years thereafter, the qualifying utility shall review and update this assessment for the subsequent ten-year period.
     (b) ((Beginning)) By January 1, 2010, each qualifying utility shall establish and make publicly available a biennial acquisition target for cost-effective conservation consistent with its identification of achievable opportunities in (a) of this subsection, and meet that target during the subsequent two-year period. At a minimum, each biennial acquisition target must be no lower than the qualifying utility's pro rata share for that two-year period of its cost-effective conservation potential for the subsequent ten-year period. A qualifying utility may not use incremental electricity produced as a result of efficiency improvements to hydroelectric generation projects to meet its biennial conservation acquisition target if the improvements were used to meet its targets under subsection (2)(a) of this section.
     (c) In meeting its conservation targets, a qualifying utility may count high-efficiency cogeneration owned and used by a retail electric customer to meet its own needs. High-efficiency cogeneration is the sequential production of electricity and useful thermal energy from a common fuel source, where, under normal operating conditions, the facility ((has a useful thermal energy output of no less than thirty-three percent of the total energy output)) is designed to have a projected overall thermal conversion efficiency of at least seventy percent. For the purposes of this section, "overall thermal conversion efficiency" means the output of electricity plus usable heat divided by fuel input. The reduction in load due to high-efficiency cogeneration shall be((: (i) Calculated as the ratio of the fuel chargeable to power heat rate of the cogeneration facility compared to the heat rate on a new and clean basis of a best-commercially available technology combined-cycle natural gas-fired combustion turbine; and (ii))) counted towards meeting the biennial conservation target in the same manner as other production conservation savings.
     (d) The commission may determine if a conservation program implemented by an investor-owned utility is cost-effective based on the commission's policies and practice.
     (e) The commission may rely on its standard practice for review and approval of investor-owned utility conservation targets.
     (2)(a) Each qualifying utility shall use eligible renewable resources ((or)), acquire equivalent renewable energy credits, or use conservation achieved under subsection (1) of this section, or a combination of ((both)) these options, to meet the following annual targets:
     (i) At least ((three)) four percent of its load, or one hundred percent of its load growth after conservation, whichever is less, by January 1, 2012, and each year thereafter through December 31, 2015;
     (ii) At least ((nine)) ten percent of its load, or one hundred percent of its load growth after conservation, whichever is less, by January 1, 2016, and each year thereafter through December 31, 2019; and
     (iii) At least ((fifteen)) sixteen percent of its load, or one hundred percent of its load growth after conservation, whichever is less, by January 1, 2020, and each year thereafter.
     (b) A qualifying utility may count distributed generation at double the facility's electrical output if the utility: (i) Owns or has contracted for the distributed generation and the associated renewable energy credits; or (ii) has contracted to purchase the associated renewable energy credits.
     (c) In meeting the annual targets in (a) of this subsection, a qualifying utility shall calculate its annual load based on the average of the utility's load for the previous two years.
     (d) A qualifying utility shall be considered in compliance with an annual target in (a) of this subsection if: (i) The utility's weather-adjusted load for the previous three years on average did not increase over that time period; (ii) after December 7, 2006, the utility did not commence or renew ownership or incremental purchases of electricity from resources other than renewable resources other than on a daily spot price basis and the electricity is not offset by equivalent renewable energy credits; and (iii) the utility invested at least one percent of its total annual retail revenue requirement that year on eligible renewable resources, renewable energy credits, or a combination of both.
     (e) The requirements of this section may be met for any given year with renewable energy credits produced during that year, the preceding year, or the subsequent year. Each renewable energy credit may be used only once to meet the requirements of this section.
     (f) In complying with the targets established in (a) of this subsection, a qualifying utility may not count:
     (i) Eligible renewable resources or distributed generation where the associated renewable energy credits are owned by a separate entity; ((or))
     (ii) Eligible renewable resources or renewable energy credits obtained for and used in an optional pricing program such as the program established in RCW 19.29A.090; or
     (iii) Efficiency improvements to hydroelectric generation projects attributable to any utility other than the qualifying utility and whose energy output is marketed by the Bonneville power administration.
     (g) Where fossil and combustible renewable resources are cofired in one generating unit located in the Pacific Northwest where the cofiring commenced after March 31, 1999, the unit shall be considered to produce eligible renewable resources in direct proportion to the percentage of the total heat value represented by the heat value of the renewable resources.
     (h)(i) A qualifying utility that acquires an eligible renewable resource or renewable energy credit may count that acquisition at one and two-tenths times its base value:
     (A) Where the eligible renewable resource comes from a facility that commenced operation after December 31, 2005; and
     (B) Where the developer of the facility used apprenticeship programs approved by the council during facility construction.
     (ii) The council shall establish minimum levels of labor hours to be met through apprenticeship programs to qualify for this extra credit.
     (i) A qualifying utility that acquires solar energy may count that acquisition at four times its base value where the energy is produced using solar inverters and modules manufactured in Washington state.
     (j) A qualifying utility shall be considered in compliance with an annual target in (a) of this subsection if events beyond the reasonable control of the utility that could not have been reasonably anticipated or ameliorated prevented it from meeting the renewable energy target. Such events include weather-related damage, mechanical failure, strikes, lockouts, and actions of a governmental authority that adversely affect the generation, transmission, or distribution of an eligible renewable resource under contract to a qualifying utility.
     (3) Utilities that become qualifying utilities after December 31, 2006, shall meet the requirements in this section on a time frame comparable in length to that provided for qualifying utilities as of December 7, 2006.

Sec. 4   RCW 19.285.080 and 2007 c 1 s 8 are each amended to read as follows:
     (1) The commission may adopt rules to ensure the proper implementation and enforcement of this chapter as it applies to investor-owned utilities.
     (2) The department shall adopt rules concerning only process, timelines, and documentation to ensure the proper implementation of this chapter as it applies to qualifying utilities that are not investor-owned utilities. Those rules include, but are not limited to, rules associated with a qualifying utility's development of conservation targets under RCW 19.285.040(1); a qualifying utility's decision to pursue alternative compliance in RCW 19.285.040(2) (d) or (((i))) (j) or 19.285.050(1); and the format and content of reports required in RCW 19.285.070. Nothing in this subsection may be construed to restrict the rate-making authority of the commission or a qualifying utility as otherwise provided by law.
     (3) The commission and department may coordinate in developing rules related to process, timelines, and documentation that are necessary for implementation of this chapter.
     (4)(a) Pursuant to the administrative procedure act, chapter 34.05 RCW, rules needed for the implementation of this chapter must be adopted by ((December 31, 2007)) June 30, 2010. These rules may be revised as needed to carry out the intent and purposes of this chapter.
     (b) Within six months of the adoption by the Pacific Northwest electric power and conservation planning council of each of its regional power plans, the department shall initiate rule making to consider adopting any changes in methodologies used by the Pacific Northwest electric power and conservation planning council that would impact a qualifying utility's conservation potential assessment in accordance with RCW 19.285.040(1).
     (c) Within six months of the adoption by the Pacific Northwest electric power and conservation planning council of each of its regional power plans, the commission shall initiate rule making to consider adopting any changes in methodologies used by the Pacific Northwest electric power and conservation planning council that would impact a qualifying utility's conservation potential assessment in accordance with RCW 19.285.040(1).
     (d) Rules adopted under (b) and (c) of this subsection must be applied to the next biennial target that begins at least six months after the adoption date of the rules.