Deferred Action for Childhood Arrival Status. Deferred Action for Childhood Arrival (DACA) status is an administrative relief, established in 2012, that protects eligible immigrants who came to the United States as children. DACA gives undocumented immigrants protection from deportation as well as a work permit. DACA status and employment authorization documents are valid for two years from the date of issuance and must be renewed every two years.
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In 2017, the United States Department of Homeland Security issued a memorandum rescinding the DACA program. In January 2018 a United States district court judge ordered that DACA recipients be allowed to continue submitting renewal applications pending final decision on the litigation. In 2022, the Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals declared the DACA program unlawful. Currently, DACA recipients are able to keep their work permits and can continue to renew them pending final decision on the litigation. Homeland Security will accept new applications, but is not able to approve them at this time.

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To qualify for DACA status, a person must:

• have entered the country before the age of 16 and be under the age of 31 on June 15, 2012;
• have continuously resided in the United States since June 15, 2007;
• be at least 15 years of age and be in school, have graduated from high school, received a GED, or have been honorably discharged from military service; and
• not have been convicted of a felony offense, a significant misdemeanor, nor multiple misdemeanor offenses.

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Washington ranks among the top ten states of residence for individuals with DACA status. As of March 31, 2023, there are 14,270 DACA recipients residing in Washington State.

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Civil Service Positions. State civil service laws establish a system of employment for professions including city firefighters, city police, and county sheriff's offices. Civil service applicants for city police, city firefighters, or with county sheriff's offices must be a citizen of the United States or a lawful permanent resident who can read and write the English language. Depending on the civil service position, other requirements may apply, including possessing good moral character and ordinary good health. Information concerning an applicant's eligibility may be ascertained in a manner deemed advisable by the Civil Service Commission. Where an applicant has applied for a position with a law enforcement agency, an application may be rejected if the agency does not have the resources to conduct a background investigation pursuant to Criminal Justice Training Commission requirements.?

Fish and Wildlife Officers. Department of Fish and Wildlife officers are general authority peace officers, and generally possess the same powers and duties as sheriffs and peace officers. Applicants for these positions must be a United?States citizen or lawful permanent resident and read and write the English language.

Lawful Permanent Residents. Under federal law, a lawful permanent resident?sometimes known as a green card holder?is a person who is legally authorized to reside permanently in the United States. A lawful permanent resident has many of the same rights as a United States citizen, including the ability to accept employment, own property, and join the United States armed forces.

Civil Service Advantage. In all competitive examinations, the agency head?within the hiring organization has discretion to add a maximum of 15 percent to the passing mark, or rating, of applicants with specific qualifications. For candidates who have full professional proficiency, or are completely fluent as a native speaker in two languages other than English, 10 percent may be awarded. Five percent may be awarded to candidates who have full professional proficiency or are completely fluent as a native speaker in one language other than English; candidates with two or more years of professional experience or volunteer experience in the Peace Corps, AmeriCorps, domestic violence counseling, mental or behavioral health care, homelessness programs, or other social services professions; and candidates who have obtained an associate degree or higher. These percentage points must be added to the passing mark, grade, or rating of competitive examinations until the candidate's first appointment and may not be used in promotional examinations. The state classification plan must recognize that all individuals legally authorized to work under federal law, including DACA recipients, are eligible for employment unless otherwise prohibited.?

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Deferred Action for Childhood Arrival Recipients and Civil Service. DACA recipients are qualified to apply for any kind of city firefighter, city police, sheriff's office, or Fish and Wildlife officer civil service position. Peace officers and corrections officers employed by a general authority Washington law enforcement agency, or a limited authority Washington law enforcement agency have the authority to possess and carry firearms, subject to the written firearms policy created by the agency employing the officer. A law enforcement agency that employs a person who is a lawful permanent resident or a DACA recipient must ensure that it has a written firearms policy authorizing the possession and carry of firearms by individuals employed as officers.?Agencies that hire DACA recipients in positions with city firefighters, city police, or sheriff's offices, or as Fish and Wildlife officers may not be held liable for breach of contract if changes in federal law prohibit the agency from employing a DACA recipient.?