AN ACT Relating to parental consent for abortions; adding a new chapter to Title 70 RCW; prescribing penalties; and declaring an emergency.

BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON:

NEW SECTION. Sec. 1. This act is necessary for the immediate preservation of the public peace, health, morals, and safety, the support of the state government and its existing public institutions, and shall take effect immediately.

NEW SECTION. Sec. 2. (1) It is the intent of the legislature to further the legitimate and compelling state interests of: (a) Protecting minor children against their own immaturity; (b) fostering the family structure and preserving it as a viable social unit; and (c) protecting the rights of parents to rear minor children who are members of their household.

(2) The legislature finds that: (a) Minor children often lack the ability to make fully informed choices that take into account both the immediate and long-range consequences of their actions; (b) the medical, physiological, emotional, and psychological consequences of abortion are serious and can be lasting, particularly when the patient is a minor child; (c) the capacity to become pregnant and the capacity for mature judgment concerning whether to obtain an abortion are not logically related; (d) parents ordinarily possess information essential to a physician's exercise of his or her best medical judgment concerning their minor child; and (e) parents who are aware that their minor daughter has had an abortion may better ensure that she receives adequate medical attention subsequent to her abortion. The legislature further finds that parental consultation is desirable and in the best interests of the minor child.

NEW SECTION. Sec. 3. Unless the context clearly requires otherwise, the definitions in this section apply throughout this chapter:

(1) "Minor" means any person under the age of eighteen;

(2) "Emancipated minor" means any minor who is or has been married, or has by court order otherwise been freed from the care, custody, and control of her parents or legal guardian;

(3) "Abortion" means the use of any instrument, medicine, drug, or other substance or device with intent to terminate the pregnancy of a female known to be pregnant.

NEW SECTION. Sec. 4. (1) Except in a medical emergency requiring immediate medical action, no abortion may be performed upon an unemancipated minor unless she first has given her written consent to the abortion and has also obtained the signed and notarized consent of both her parents, or that of her legal guardian.

(2) If the unemancipated, pregnant minor's parents are divorced, or one parent is not available in a reasonable time or manner, or cannot be located after a reasonable effort has been made to locate the parent, then the signed and notarized consent of the parent with custody, or of the parent who is available shall be sufficient.

(3) If neither of the parents nor the legal guardian is available within a reasonable time or manner, or cannot be located after a reasonable effort has been made to locate the parents or guardian, or the parties from whom consent must be obtained pursuant to this section refuse to consent to the performance of an abortion, or the unemancipated, pregnant minor elects not to seek consent of those whose consent is required, then the unemancipated, pregnant minor may petition, on her own behalf or by next friend, the superior court of any county of this state for a waiver of the consent requirement of this section pursuant to the procedures of section 5 of this act.

NEW SECTION. Sec. 5. (1) The requirements and procedures under this chapter are available and apply to unemancipated, pregnant minors whether or not they are residents of this state. The basic juvenile court act, chapter 13.04 RCW, shall not apply to proceedings or procedures conducted under this chapter.

(2) The court shall ensure that the unemancipated, pregnant minor or her next friend is given assistance in preparing and filing the petition, and shall ensure that the unemancipated, pregnant minor's identity is kept confidential.

(3) The unemancipated, pregnant minor may participate in proceedings in the court on her own behalf, and the court shall appoint a guardian ad litem for her. The court shall advise her that she has a right to court-appointed counsel and shall provide her with such counsel upon her request.

(4) Court proceedings under this section shall be confidential and shall be given such precedence over other pending matters as is necessary to ensure that the court may reach a decision promptly, but in no case may the court fail to rule within four court days from the time of application, unless extended at the request of the minor.

(5) The consent requirement shall be waived if the court finds either:

(a) That the unemancipated, pregnant minor is sufficiently mature and sufficiently well-informed to make the abortion decision on her own; or

(b) That the performance of the abortion would be in the unemancipated, pregnant minor's best interests.

(6) A court that conducts proceedings under this section shall issue written and specific findings of fact and conclusions of law supporting its decision and shall order that a confidential record of the evidence be maintained.

(7) An expedited confidential appeal shall be available, as the supreme court shall provide by rule, to any unemancipated, pregnant minor or guardian ad litem, but in no case may the court of appeals fail to rule within seven court days from the time that notice of appeal has been filed, unless extended at the request of the minor.

(8) The supreme court is requested to adopt any rules necessary to ensure that proceedings under this chapter are handled in an expeditious and confidential manner.

(9) No fees may be required of any minor who avails herself of the procedures provided by this section.

NEW SECTION. Sec. 6. The requirements of section 4 of this act shall not apply when, in the best medical judgment of a physician based on the facts of the particular case, a medical emergency exists that so complicates the pregnancy as to require an immediate abortion.

NEW SECTION. Sec. 7. To develop statistical data relating to the protection of parental rights and to the protection of unemancipated, pregnant minors, a report shall be filed with the department of social and health services on a form prescribed by the department whenever an abortion is performed upon an unemancipated, pregnant minor. The report shall be signed by the physician who performed the abortion and shall be transmitted to the department no later than ten days following the end of the month in which the abortion is performed. The report forms shall not identify the minor by name but by an individual number to be noted in the minor's permanent record in the possession of the physician.

The report shall indicate that consent was obtained in accordance with the requirements of section 4(1) of this act or, if not so obtained, shall indicate:

(1) That consent was obtained pursuant to section 4(2) of this act;

(2) That consent was not necessary because the minor obtained waiver of consent pursuant to section 4(3) of this act; or

(3) That consent was not necessary pursuant to the medical emergency exception of section 6 of this act.

If consent was not necessary pursuant to the medical emergency exception of section 6 of this act, the report shall also indicate the medical indications on which the physician's judgment was based.

The department shall adopt rules necessary to secure the confidentiality of the unemancipated, pregnant minor and her parents or guardian. The department shall report annually to the legislature all statistical data gathered under this chapter and shall report any recommendations that it has to further the purposes of this chapter.

NEW SECTION. Sec. 8. Any person who intentionally performs an abortion with knowledge that, or with reckless disregard as to whether, the person upon whom the abortion is to be performed is an unemancipated, pregnant minor, and who intentionally, knowingly, or recklessly fails to conform to any requirement of this chapter is guilty of a gross misdemeanor.

NEW SECTION. Sec. 9. If any provision of this act or its application to any person or circumstance is held invalid, the remainder of the act or the application of the provision to other persons or circumstances is not affected.

NEW SECTION. Sec. 10. Sections 1 through 8 of this act constitute a new chapter in Title 70 RCW.