AN ACT Relating to driving while under the influence of liquor or drugs; and amending RCW 46.20.308, 46.61.506, 46.61.508, and 46.61.517.

BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON:

Sec. 1. Section 1, chapter 22, Laws of 1987 and RCW 46.20.308 are each amended to read as follows:

(1) Any person who operates a motor vehicle within this state is deemed to have given consent, subject to the provisions of RCW 46.61.506, to a test or tests of his or her breath ((or)), blood, or urine for the purpose of determining the alcoholic or any drug content of his or her breath ((or)), blood, or urine if arrested for any offense where, at the time of the arrest, the arresting officer has reasonable grounds to believe the person had been driving or was in actual physical control of a motor vehicle while under the influence of intoxicating liquor or drugs.

(2) The test or tests of breath shall be administered at the direction of a law enforcement officer having reasonable grounds to believe the person to have been driving or in actual physical control of a motor vehicle within this state while under the influence of intoxicating liquor. However, in those instances where: (a) The person is incapable due to physical injury, physical incapacity, or other physical limitation, of providing a breath sample; or (b) as a result of a traffic accident the person is being treated for a medical condition in a hospital, clinic, doctor's office, or other similar facility in which a breath testing instrument is not present, a blood test shall be administered by a qualified person as provided in RCW 46.61.506(4). The officer shall inform the person of his or her right to refuse the breath ((or)), blood, or urine test, and of his or her right to have additional tests administered by any qualified person of his or her choosing as provided in RCW 46.61.506. The officer shall warn the driver that ((~~(a)~~)) his or her privilege to drive will be revoked or denied if he or she refuses to submit to the test, and ((~~(b)~~)) that his or her refusal to take the test may be used in a criminal trial. When the officer has reasonable grounds to believe the person is under the influence of drugs, the test shall be of the blood or urine and shall be administered according to the provisions of RCW 46.61.506(4).

(3) Except as provided in this section, the test administered shall be of the breath only. If an individual is unconscious or is under arrest for the crime of vehicular homicide as provided in RCW 46.61.520 or vehicular assault as provided in RCW 46.61.522, or if an individual is under arrest for the crime of driving while under the influence of intoxicating liquor or drugs as provided in RCW 46.61.502, which arrest results from an accident in which another person has been injured and there is a reasonable likelihood that such other person may die as a result of injuries sustained in the accident, a breath ((or)), blood, or urine test may be administered without the consent of the individual so arrested.

(4) Any person who is dead, unconscious, or who is otherwise in a condition rendering him or her incapable of refusal, shall be deemed not to have withdrawn the consent provided by subsection (1) of this section and the test or tests may be administered, subject to the provisions of RCW 46.61.506, and the person shall be deemed to have received the warnings required under subsection (2) of this section.

(5) If, following his or her arrest and receipt of warnings under subsection (2) of this section, the person arrested refuses upon the request of a law enforcement officer to submit to a test of his or her breath ((or)), blood, or urine, no test shall be given except as authorized under subsection (3) or (4) of this section.

(6) The department of licensing, upon the receipt of a sworn report of the law enforcement officer that he had reasonable grounds to believe the arrested person had been driving or was in actual physical control of a motor vehicle within this state while under the influence of intoxicating liquor or any drug and that the person had refused to submit to the test upon the request of the law enforcement officer after being informed that refusal would result in the revocation of his or her privilege to drive, shall revoke his or her license or permit to drive or any nonresident operating privilege.

(7) Upon revoking the license or permit to drive or the nonresident operating privilege of any person, the department shall immediately notify the person involved in writing by personal service or by certified mail of its decision and the grounds therefor, and of ((~~his~~)) the person's right to a hearing, specifying the steps ((he)) the person must take to obtain a hearing. Within ten days after receiving such notice the person may, in writing, request a formal hearing. Upon receipt of such request, the department shall afford the person an opportunity for a hearing as provided in RCW 46.20.329 and 46.20.332. The hearing shall be conducted in the county of the arrest. For the purposes of this section, the scope of such hearing shall cover the issues of whether a law enforcement officer had reasonable grounds to believe the person had been driving or was in actual physical control of a motor vehicle within this state while under the influence of intoxicating liquor or any drug, whether the person was placed under arrest, and whether ((he)) the person refused to submit to the test upon request of the officer after having been informed that such refusal would result in the revocation of ((~~his~~)) the person's privilege to drive. The department shall order that the revocation either be rescinded or sustained. Any decision by the department revoking a person's driving privilege shall be stayed and shall not take effect while a formal hearing is pending as provided in this section or during the pendency of a subsequent appeal to superior court so long as there is no conviction for a moving violation or no finding that the person has committed a traffic infraction that is a moving violation during pendency of the hearing and appeal.

(8) If the revocation is sustained after such a hearing, the person whose license, privilege, or permit is revoked has the right to file a petition in the superior court of the county of arrest to review the final order of revocation by the department in the manner provided in RCW 46.20.334.

(9) When it has been finally determined under the procedures of this section that a nonresident's privilege to operate a motor vehicle in this state has been revoked, the department shall give information in writing of the action taken to the motor vehicle administrator of the state of the person's residence and of any state in which he or she has a license.

Sec. 2. Section 3, chapter 1, Laws of 1969 as last amended by section 4, chapter 373, Laws of 1987 and RCW 46.61.506 are each amended to read as follows:

(1) Upon the trial of any civil or criminal action or proceeding arising out of acts alleged to have been committed by any person while driving or in actual physical control of a vehicle while under the influence of intoxicating liquor or any drug, if the amount of alcohol in the person's blood ((or)), breath at the time alleged as shown by analysis of his or her blood or breath is less than 0.10 percent by weight of alcohol in his or her blood ((or)), less than 0.10 grams of alcohol per two hundred ten liters of the person's breath, or analysis of the urine or blood shows a quantitative and qualitative amount of any drug, it is evidence that may be considered with other competent evidence in determining whether the person was under the influence of intoxicating liquor or any drug.

(2) The breath analysis shall be based upon grams of alcohol per two hundred ten liters of breath. The foregoing provisions of this section shall not be construed as limiting the introduction of any other competent evidence bearing upon the question whether the person was under the influence of intoxicating liquor or any drug.

(3) Analysis of the person's blood ((or)), breath, or urine to be considered valid under the provisions of this section or RCW 46.61.502 or 46.61.504 shall have been performed according to methods approved by the state toxicologist and by an individual possessing a valid permit issued by the state toxicologist for this purpose. The state toxicologist is directed to approve satisfactory techniques or methods, to supervise the examination of individuals to ascertain their qualifications and competence to conduct such analyses, and to issue permits which shall be subject to termination or revocation at the discretion of the state toxicologist.

(4) When a blood test is administered under the provisions of RCW 46.20.308, the withdrawal of blood for the purpose of determining its alcoholic or drug content may be performed only by a physician, a registered nurse, or a qualified technician. ((~~This~~)) When a urine sample is obtained under the provisions of RCW 46.20.308, obtaining the urine sample for the purpose of determining its alcoholic or drug content may be performed only under the direction or supervision of a physician, a registered nurse, or a qualified technician. These limitations shall not apply to the taking of breath specimens.

(5) The person tested may have a physician, or a qualified technician, chemist, registered nurse, or other qualified person of his or her own choosing administer one or more tests in addition to any administered at the direction of a law enforcement officer. The failure or inability to obtain an additional test by a person shall not preclude the admission of evidence relating to the test or tests taken at the direction of a law enforcement officer.

(6) Upon the request of the person who shall submit to a test or tests at the request of a law enforcement officer, full information concerning the test or tests shall be made available to ((~~him or his~~)) the person or the person's attorney.

Sec. 3. Section 1, chapter 143, Laws of 1977 ex. sess. and RCW 46.61.508 are each amended to read as follows:

No physician, registered nurse, qualified technician, or hospital, or duly licensed clinical laboratory employing or utilizing services of such physician, registered nurse, or qualified technician, shall incur any civil or criminal liability as a result of the act of withdrawing blood or from directing or supervising the obtaining of a urine sample from any person when directed by a law enforcement officer to do so for the purpose of a blood or urine sample test under the provisions of RCW 46.20.308, as now or hereafter amended: PROVIDED, That nothing in this section shall relieve any physician, registered nurse, qualified technician, or hospital or duly licensed clinical laboratory from civil liability arising from the use of improper procedures or failing to exercise the required standard of care.

Sec. 4. Section 27, chapter 165, Laws of 1983 as last amended by section 5, chapter 373, Laws of 1987 and RCW 46.61.517 are each amended to read as follows:

The refusal of a person to submit to a test of the alcoholic content of the person's blood or breath, or of the drug content of the person's blood or urine under RCW 46.20.308 is admissible into evidence at a subsequent criminal trial.