AN ACT Relating to vehicle dealer documentary service fees; amending RCW 46.70.180 and 63.14.010; and reenacting and amending RCW 63.14.130.

BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON:

Sec. 1. Section 16, chapter 74, Laws of 1967 ex. sess. as last amended by section 20, chapter 415, Laws of 1989 and RCW 46.70.180 are each amended to read as follows:

Each of the following acts or practices is unlawful:

(1) To cause or permit to be advertised, printed, displayed, published, distributed, broadcasted, televised, or disseminated in any manner whatsoever, any statement or representation with regard to the sale or financing of a vehicle which is false, deceptive, or misleading, including but not limited to the following:

(a) That no down payment is required in connection with the sale of a vehicle when a down payment is in fact required, or that a vehicle may be purchased for a smaller down payment than is actually required;

(b) That a certain percentage of the sale price of a vehicle may be financed when such financing is not offered in a single document evidencing the entire security transaction;

(c) That a certain percentage is the amount of the service charge to be charged for financing, without stating whether this percentage charge is a monthly amount or an amount to be charged per year;

(d) That a new vehicle will be sold for a certain amount above or below cost without computing cost as the exact amount of the factory invoice on the specific vehicle to be sold;

(e) That a vehicle will be sold upon a monthly payment of a certain amount, without including in the statement the number of payments of that same amount which are required to liquidate the unpaid purchase price.

(2) To incorporate within the terms of any purchase and sale agreement any statement or representation with regard to the sale or financing of a vehicle which is false, deceptive, or misleading, including but not limited to terms that include as an added cost to the selling price of a vehicle an amount for licensing or transfer of title of that vehicle which is not actually due to the state, unless such amount has in fact been paid by the dealer prior to such sale: PROVIDED, That any documentary service fees charged by dealers for licensing, registration, title verification, transfer of title, perfecting title, releasing or satisfying a lien or other security interest, or for other documentary services in an amount not to exceed twenty-five dollars shall not be considered a violation of this section.

(3) To set up, promote, or aid in the promotion of a plan by which vehicles are to be sold to a person for a consideration and upon further consideration that the purchaser agrees to secure one or more persons to participate in the plan by respectively making a similar purchase and in turn agreeing to secure one or more persons likewise to join in said plan, each purchaser being given the right to secure money, credits, goods, or something of value, depending upon the number of persons joining the plan.

(4) To commit, allow, or ratify any act of "bushing" which is defined as follows: Taking from a prospective buyer of a vehicle a written order or offer to purchase, or a contract document signed by the buyer, which:

(a) Is subject to the dealer's, or his authorized representative's future acceptance, and the dealer fails or refuses within forty-eight hours, exclusive of Saturday, Sunday, or legal holiday, and prior to any further negotiations with said buyer, to deliver to the buyer either the dealer's signed acceptance or all copies of the order, offer, or contract document together with any initial payment or security made or given by the buyer, including but not limited to money, check, promissory note, vehicle keys, a trade-in, or certificate of title to a trade-in; or

(b) Permits the dealer to renegotiate a dollar amount specified as trade-in allowance on a vehicle delivered or to be delivered by the buyer as part of the purchase price, for any reason except substantial physical damage or latent mechanical defect occurring before the dealer took possession of the vehicle and which could not have been reasonably discoverable at the time of the taking of the order, offer, or contract; or

(c) Fails to comply with the obligation of any written warranty or guarantee given by the dealer requiring the furnishing of services or repairs within a reasonable time.

(5) To commit any offense relating to odometers, as such offenses are defined in RCW 46.37.540, 46.37.550, 46.37.560, and 46.37.570. A violation of this subsection is a class C felony punishable under chapter 9A.20 RCW.

(6) For any vehicle dealer or vehicle salesman to refuse to furnish, upon request of a prospective purchaser, the name and address of the previous registered owner of any used vehicle offered for sale.

(7) To commit any other offense under RCW 46.37.423, 46.37.424, or 46.37.425.

(8) To commit any offense relating to a dealer's temporary license permit, including but not limited to failure to properly complete each such permit, or the issuance of more than one such permit on any one vehicle.

(9) For a dealer, salesman, or mobile home manufacturer, having taken an instrument or cash "on deposit" from a purchaser prior to the delivery of the bargained-for vehicle, to commingle said "on deposit" funds with assets of the dealer, salesman, or mobile home manufacturer instead of holding said "on deposit" funds as trustee in a separate trust account until the purchaser has taken delivery of the bargained-for vehicle. Failure, immediately upon receipt, to endorse "on deposit" instruments to such a trust account, or to set aside "on deposit" cash for deposit in such trust account, and failure to deposit such instruments or cash in such trust account by the close of banking hours on the day following receipt thereof, shall be evidence of intent to commit this unlawful practice: PROVIDED, HOWEVER, That a motor vehicle dealer may keep a separate trust account which equals his customary total customer deposits for vehicles for future delivery.

(10) For a dealer or manufacturer to fail to comply with the obligations of any written warranty or guarantee given by the dealer or manufacturer requiring the furnishing of goods and services or repairs within a reasonable period of time, or to fail to furnish to a purchaser, all parts which attach to the manufactured unit including but not limited to the undercarriage, and all items specified in the terms of a sales agreement signed by the seller and buyer.

(11) Being a manufacturer, other than a motorcycle manufacturer governed by chapter 46.94 RCW, to:

(a) Coerce or attempt to coerce any vehicle dealer to order or accept delivery of any vehicle or vehicles, parts or accessories, or any other commodities which have not been voluntarily ordered by the vehicle dealer: PROVIDED, That recommendation, endorsement, exposition, persuasion, urging, or argument are not deemed to constitute coercion;

(b) Cancel or fail to renew the franchise or selling agreement of any vehicle dealer doing business in this state without fairly compensating the dealer at a fair going business value for his capital investment which shall include but not be limited to tools, equipment, and parts inventory possessed by the dealer on the day he is notified of such cancellation or termination and which are still within the dealer's possession on the day the cancellation or termination is effective, if: (i) The capital investment has been entered into with reasonable and prudent business judgment for the purpose of fulfilling the franchise; and (ii) said cancellation or nonrenewal was not done in good faith. Good faith is defined as the duty of each party to any franchise to act in a fair and equitable manner towards each other, so as to guarantee one party freedom from coercion, intimidation, or threats of coercion or intimidation from the other party: PROVIDED, That recommendation, endorsement, exposition, persuasion, urging, or argument are not deemed to constitute a lack of good faith.

(c) Encourage, aid, abet, or teach a vehicle dealer to sell vehicles through any false, deceptive, or misleading sales or financing practices including but not limited to those practices declared unlawful in this section;

(d) Coerce or attempt to coerce a vehicle dealer to engage in any practice forbidden in this section by either threats of actual cancellation or failure to renew the dealer's franchise agreement;

(e) Refuse to deliver any vehicle publicly advertised for immediate delivery to any duly licensed vehicle dealer having a franchise or contractual agreement for the retail sale of new and unused vehicles sold or distributed by such manufacturer within sixty days after such dealer's order has been received in writing unless caused by inability to deliver because of shortage or curtailment of material, labor, transportation, or utility services, or by any labor or production difficulty, or by any cause beyond the reasonable control of the manufacturer;

(f) To provide under the terms of any warranty that a purchaser of any new or unused vehicle that has been sold, distributed for sale, or transferred into this state for resale by the vehicle manufacturer may only make any warranty claim on any item included as an integral part of the vehicle against the manufacturer of that item.

Nothing in this section may be construed to impair the obligations of a contract or to prevent a manufacturer, distributor, representative, or any other person, whether or not licensed under this chapter, from requiring performance of a written contract entered into with any licensee hereunder, nor does the requirement of such performance constitute a violation of any of the provisions of this section if any such contract or the terms thereof requiring performance, have been freely entered into and executed between the contracting parties. This paragraph and subsection (11)(b) of this section do not apply to new motor vehicle manufacturers governed by chapter 46.96 RCW.

Sec. 2. Section 1, chapter 236, Laws of 1963 as last amended by section 1, chapter 280, Laws of 1984 and RCW 63.14.010 are each amended to read as follows:

In this chapter, unless the context otherwise requires:

(1) "Goods" means all chattels personal when purchased primarily for personal, family, or household use and not for commercial or business use, but not including money or, except as provided in the next sentence, things in action. The term includes but is not limited to merchandise certificates or coupons, issued by a retail seller, to be used in their face amount in lieu of cash in exchange for goods or services sold by such a seller and goods which, at the time of sale or subsequently, are to be so affixed to real property as to become a part thereof, whether or not severable therefrom;

(2) "Lender credit card" means a card or device under a lender credit card agreement pursuant to which the issuer gives to a cardholder residing in this state the privilege of obtaining credit from the issuer or other persons in purchasing or leasing property or services, obtaining loans, or otherwise, and the issuer of which is not: (a) Principally engaged in the business of selling goods; or (b) a financial institution;

(3) "Lender credit card agreement" means an agreement entered into or performed in this state prescribing the terms of retail installment transactions pursuant to which the issuer may, with the buyer's consent, purchase or acquire one or more retail sellers' indebtedness of the buyer under a sales slip or memorandum evidencing the purchase, lease, loan, or otherwise to be paid in accordance with the agreement. The issuer of a lender credit card agreement shall not be principally engaged in the business of selling goods or be a financial institution;

(4) "Financial institution" means any bank or trust company, mutual savings bank, credit union, or savings and loan association organized pursuant to the laws of any one of the United States of America or the United States of America, or the laws of a foreign country if also qualified to conduct business in any one of the United States of America or pursuant to the laws of the United States of America;

(5) "Services" means work, labor, or services of any kind when purchased primarily for personal, family, or household use and not for commercial or business use whether or not furnished in connection with the delivery, installation, servicing, repair, or improvement of goods and includes repairs, alterations, or improvements upon or in connection with real property, but does not include services for which the price charged is required by law to be determined or approved by or to be filed, subject to approval or disapproval, with the United States or any state, or any department, division, agency, officer, or official of either as in the case of transportation services;

(6) "Retail buyer" or "buyer" means a person who buys or agrees to buy goods or obtain services or agrees to have services rendered or furnished, from a retail seller;

(7) "Retail seller" or "seller" means a person engaged in the business of selling goods or services to retail buyers;

(8) "Retail installment transaction" means any transaction in which a retail buyer purchases goods or services from a retail seller pursuant to a retail installment contract, a retail charge agreement, or a lender credit card agreement, as defined in this section, which provides for a service charge, as defined in this section, and under which the buyer agrees to pay the unpaid balance in one or more installments or which provides for no service charge and under which the buyer agrees to pay the unpaid balance in more than four installments;

(9) "Retail installment contract" or "contract" means a contract, other than a retail charge agreement, a lender credit card agreement, or an instrument reflecting a sale made pursuant thereto, entered into or performed in this state for a retail installment transaction. The term "retail installment contract" may include a chattel mortgage, a conditional sale contract, and a contract in the form of a bailment or a lease if the bailee or lessee contracts to pay as compensation for their use a sum substantially equivalent to or in excess of the value of the goods sold and if it is agreed that the bailee or lessee is bound to become, or for no other or a merely nominal consideration, has the option of becoming the owner of the goods upon full compliance with the provisions of the bailment or lease. The term "retail installment contract" does not include: (a) A "consumer lease," heretofore or hereafter entered into, as defined in RCW 63.10.020; or (b) a lease which would constitute such "consumer lease" but for the fact that: (i) It was entered into before April 29, 1983; (ii) the lessee was not a natural person; (iii) the lease was not primarily for personal, family, or household purposes; or (iv) the total contractual obligations exceeded twenty-five thousand dollars;

(10) "Retail charge agreement," "revolving charge agreement," or "charge agreement" means an agreement entered into or performed in this state prescribing the terms of retail installment transactions which may be made thereunder from time to time and under the terms of which a service charge, as defined in this section, is to be computed in relation to the buyer's unpaid balance from time to time;

(11) "Service charge" however denominated or expressed, means the amount which is paid or payable for the privilege of purchasing goods or services to be paid for by the buyer in installments over a period of time. It does not include the amount, if any, charged for insurance premiums, delinquency charges, attorneys' fees, court costs, dealer documentary service fees or charges, or official fees;

(12) "Sale price" means the price for which the seller would have sold or furnished to the buyer, and the buyer would have bought or obtained from the seller, the goods or services which are the subject matter of a retail installment transaction. The sale price may include any taxes, registration and license fees, ((~~and~~)) dealer documentary service fees or charges for licensing, registration, title verification, transferring vehicle titles, perfecting title, or releasing or satisfying a lien or other security interest, and charges for delivery, installation, servicing, repairs, alterations, or improvements;

(13) "Official fees" means the amount of the fees prescribed by law and payable to the state, county, or other governmental agency for filing, recording, or otherwise perfecting, and releasing or satisfying, a retained title, lien, or other security interest created by a retail installment transaction;

(14) "Time balance" means the principal balance plus the service charge;

(15) "Principal balance" means the sale price of the goods or services which are the subject matter of a retail installment contract less the amount of the buyer's down payment in money or goods or both, plus the amounts, if any, included therein, if a separate identified charge is made therefor and stated in the contract, for insurance, dealer documentary service fees, and official fees;

(16) "Person" means an individual, partnership, joint venture, corporation, association, or any other group, however organized;

(17) "Rate" means the percentage which, when multiplied times the outstanding balance for each month or other installment period, yields the amount of the service charge for such month or period.

Sec. 3. Section 13, chapter 236, Laws of 1963 as last amended by section 5, chapter 14, Laws of 1989 and by section 1, chapter 112, Laws of 1989 and RCW 63.14.130 are each reenacted and amended to read as follows:

The service charge shall be inclusive of all charges incident to investigating and making the retail installment contract or charge agreement and for the privilege of making the installment payments thereunder and no other fee, expense or charge whatsoever shall be taken, received, reserved or contracted therefor from the buyer, except for dealer documentary service fees or charges, or such other fees and charges as may otherwise be provided for in this chapter.

(1) Except as provided in subsections (2) and (3) of this section, the service charge, in a retail installment contract, shall not exceed the highest of the following:

(a) A rate on outstanding unpaid balances which exceeds six percentage points above the average, rounded to the nearest one-quarter of one percent, of the equivalent coupon issue yields (as published by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System) of the bill rates for twenty-six week treasury bills for the last market auctions conducted during February, May, August, and November of the year prior to the year in which the retail installment contract is executed; or

(b) Ten dollars.

(2) The service charge in a retail installment contract for the purchase of a motor vehicle shall not exceed the highest of the following:

(a) A rate on outstanding unpaid balances which exceeds six percentage points above the average, rounded to the nearest one-quarter of one percent, of the equivalent coupon issue yield (as published by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System) of the bill rate for twenty-six week treasury bills for the last market auction conducted during February, May, August, or November, as the case may be, prior to the quarter in which the retail installment contract for purchase of the motor vehicle is executed; or

(b) Ten dollars.

As used in this subsection, "motor vehicle" means every device capable of being moved upon a public highway and in, upon, or by which any person or property is or may be transported or drawn upon a public highway, except for devices moved by human or animal power or used exclusively upon stationary rails or tracks.

(3) The service charge in a retail installment contract for the purchase of a vessel shall not exceed the highest of the following:

(a) A rate on outstanding balances which exceeds six percentage points above the average, rounded to the nearest one-quarter of one percent, of the equivalent coupon issue yield, as published by the federal reserve bank of San Francisco, of the bill rate for twenty-six week treasury bills for the last market auction conducted prior to the quarter in which the retail installment contract for purchase of the vessel is ((~~expected~~)) executed; or

(b) Ten dollars.

As used in this subsection, "vessel" means any watercraft used or capable of being used as a means of transportation on the water, other than a seaplane.

(4) The service charge in a retail charge agreement, revolving charge agreement, lender credit card agreement, or charge agreement, shall not exceed one and one-half percent per month on the outstanding unpaid balances. If the service charge so computed is less than one dollar for any month, then one dollar may be charged.

(5) A service charge may be computed on the median amount within a range which does not exceed ten dollars and which is a part of a published schedule of consecutive ranges applied to an outstanding balance, provided the median amount is used in computing the service charge for all balances within such range.