AN ACT Relating to exemptions and deferrals for senior citizens and persons retired for reasons of physical disability; amending RCW 84.36.381, 84.36.385, and 84.38.030; and creating new sections.

BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON:

Sec. 1. Section 1, chapter 182, Laws of 1974 ex. sess. as last amended by section 1, chapter 301, Laws of 1987 and RCW 84.36.381 are each amended to read as follows:

A person shall be exempt from any legal obligation to pay all or a portion of the amount of excess and regular real property taxes due and payable in the two years following the year in which a claim is filed((~~, and thereafter,~~)) in accordance with the following:

(1) The property taxes must have been imposed upon a residence which was occupied by the person claiming the exemption as a principal place of residence as of January 1st of the year for which the exemption is claimed: PROVIDED, That any person who sells, transfers, or is displaced from his or her residence may transfer his or her exemption status to a replacement residence, but no claimant shall receive an exemption on more than one residence in any year: PROVIDED FURTHER, That confinement of the person to a hospital or nursing home shall not disqualify the claim of exemption if the residence is temporarily unoccupied or if the residence is occupied by a spouse and/or a person financially dependent on the claimant for support;

(2) The person claiming the exemption must have owned, at the time of filing, in fee, as a life estate, or by contract purchase, the residence on which the property taxes have been imposed or if the person claiming the exemption lives in a cooperative housing association, corporation, or partnership, such person must own a share therein representing the unit or portion of the structure in which he or she resides. For purposes of this subsection, a residence owned by a marital community or owned by cotenants shall be deemed to be owned by each spouse or cotenant, and any lease for life shall be deemed a life estate;

(3) The person claiming the exemption must have been sixty-one years of age or older on January 1st of the year in which the exemption claim is filed, or must have been, at the time of filing, retired from regular gainful employment by reason of physical disability: PROVIDED, That any surviving spouse of a person who was receiving an exemption at the time of the person's death shall qualify if the surviving spouse is fifty-seven years of age or older and otherwise meets the requirements of this section;

(4) The amount that the person shall be exempt from an obligation to pay shall be calculated on the basis of combined disposable income, as defined in RCW 84.36.383. If the person claiming the exemption was retired for two months or more of the preceding year, the combined disposable income of such person shall be calculated by multiplying the average monthly combined disposable income of such person during the months such person was retired by twelve.

(5) (a) A person who otherwise qualifies under this section and has a combined disposable income of ((~~eighteen~~)) thirty thousand dollars or less shall be exempt from all excess property taxes; and

(b) (i) A person who otherwise qualifies under this section and has a combined disposable income of eighteen thousand dollars or less but greater than fourteen thousand dollars shall be exempt from all regular property taxes on the greater of forty thousand dollars or thirty percent of the valuation of his or her residence, but not to exceed one hundred thousand dollars of the valuation of his or her residence; or

(ii) A person who otherwise qualifies under this section and has a combined disposable income of fourteen thousand dollars or less but greater than twelve thousand dollars shall be exempt from all regular property taxes on the greater of ((~~twenty-four~~)) forty thousand dollars or ((~~thirty~~)) forty percent of the valuation of his or her residence, but not to exceed ((~~forty~~)) one hundred thousand dollars of the valuation of his or her residence; or

((~~(ii)~~)) (iii) A person who otherwise qualifies under this section and has a combined disposable income of twelve thousand dollars or less shall be exempt from all regular property taxes on the greater of ((~~twenty-eight~~)) forty thousand dollars or fifty percent of the valuation of his or her residence, but not to exceed one hundred thousand dollars of the valuation of his or her residence.

Sec. 2. Section 3, chapter 182, Laws of 1974 ex. sess. as last amended by section 10, chapter 222, Laws of 1988 and RCW 84.36.385 are each amended to read as follows:

A claim for exemption under RCW 84.36.381 ((~~as now or hereafter amended,~~)) shall be made and filed at any time during the year for exemption from taxes payable in the following two years ((~~and thereafter~~)) and solely upon forms as prescribed and furnished by the department of revenue.

A person granted an exemption under RCW 84.36.381 shall inform the county assessor of any change in status affecting the person's entitlement to the exemption on forms prescribed and furnished by the department of revenue.

If the assessor finds that the applicant does not meet the qualifications as set forth in RCW 84.36.381, as now or hereafter amended, the claim or exemption shall be denied but such denial shall be subject to appeal under the provisions of RCW 84.48.010(5). If the applicant had received exemption in prior years based on erroneous information, the taxes shall be collected subject to penalties as provided in RCW 84.40.130 for a period of not to exceed three years.

The department and each local assessor is hereby directed to publicize the qualifications and manner of making claims under RCW 84.36.381 through 84.36.389, through communications media, including such paid advertisements or notices as it deems appropriate. Notice of the qualifications, method of making applications, the penalties for not reporting a change in status, and availability of further information shall be included on or with property tax statements and revaluation notices for all residential property including mobile homes, except rental properties.

Sec. 3. Section 28, chapter 291, Laws of 1975 1st ex. sess. as last amended by section 11, chapter 222, Laws of 1988 and RCW 84.38.030 are each amended to read as follows:

(1) A claimant may defer payment of special assessments and/or real property taxes ((~~on his property that is receiving an exemption under RCW 84.36.381 through 84.36.389~~)) on up to eighty percent of the amount of his or her equity value in ((~~said property~~)) property that is receiving an exemption under RCW 84.36.381 through 84.36.389 and such additional property that comprises the residential parcel, if the following conditions are met:

((~~(1)~~)) (a) The claimant must have owned, at the time of filing, the residence on which the special assessment and/or real property taxes have been imposed. For purposes of this subsection, a residence owned by a marital community or owned by cotenants shall be deemed to be owned by each spouse or cotenant. A claimant who has only a share ownership in cooperative housing, a life estate, a lease for life, or a revocable trust does not satisfy the ownership requirement.

((~~(2)~~)) (b) The claimant must have and keep in force fire and casualty insurance in sufficient amount to protect the interest of the state in the claimant's equity value: PROVIDED, That if the claimant fails to keep fire and casualty insurance in force to the extent of the state's interest in the claimant's equity value, the amount deferred shall not exceed one hundred percent of the claimant's equity value in the land or lot only.

((~~(3)~~)) (c) In the case of special assessment deferral, the claimant must have opted for payment of such special assessments on the installment method if such method was available.

(2) A claimant whose residence qualifies for deferral under this section may defer payment of special assessments and/or real property taxes upon the total acreage included in the residential parcel.

(3) A taxing authority or special purpose district whose special assessment and/or real property tax is deferrable under this chapter shall not foreclose upon property that is eligible for deferral but shall require the owner to file a declaration to defer the special assessment and/or real property tax.

NEW SECTION. Sec. 4. In calendar year 1991, the county assessor of each county shall compile data on the number of persons using the property tax exemption program, the number of persons using the property tax deferral program, the income of the claimants, and the value of the residence for which an exemption or deferral is claimed. The county assessor shall report the results to the department of revenue no later than March 1, 1992.

NEW SECTION. Sec. 5. This act shall apply to property taxes collected in 1991, and thereafter.