(1) Purpose. The purpose of this section is to provide used oil management standards for generators, transporters, collection centers, aggregation points, transfer facilities, processors, and re-refiners, burners, and marketers of used oil.

(2) Definitions. In addition to the terms used in this chapter, the definitions of 40 C.F.R. Part 279 are incorporated by reference when managing used oil under this section. The term "hazardous waste" used in 40 C.F.R. Part 279 means "dangerous waste" as defined in WAC 173-303-040.

(3) Applicability. This section identifies those materials subject to regulation as used oil. For the purpose of this section, the applicability statements of 40 C.F.R. Part 279.10 are incorporated by reference, except 40 C.F.R. Part 279.10 (b)(2) and (3), and as modified below. In addition, the test methods at WAC 173-303-110(3) must be used.

Materials containing or otherwise contaminated with or derived from used oil: The term "materials" used in 40 C.F.R. Part 279.10 does not include dangerous waste.

(4) Used oil specifications. For the purpose of managing materials under this section, 40 C.F.R. Part 279.11 and 40 C.F.R. Part 261.3 (a)(2)(v) (rebuttable presumption) are incorporated by reference except that the test methods at WAC 173-303-110(3) must be used.

The table is included below for the reader's convenience.

Table 1—Used Oil Exceeding any Specification Level is Subject to this Section When Burned for Energy Recovery
- - - -
Constituent/property	Allowable level
- - - -
Arsenic	5 ppm maximum
Cadmium	2 ppm maximum
Chromium	10 ppm maximum
Lead	100 ppm maximum
Flash point	100° F minimum
Total halogens	4,000 ppm maximum\1\

Note:

Applicable standards for the burning of used oil containing PCBs are imposed by 40 C.F.R. 761.20(e).

\1\

Used oil containing more than 1,000 ppm total halogens is presumed to be a dangerous waste under the rebuttable presumption provided under 40 C.F.R. 279.10 (b)(1). Such used oil is subject to 40 C.F.R. Subpart H of Part 266 rather than this section when burned for energy recovery unless the presumption of mixing can be successfully rebutted.

(5) Prohibitions. The prohibitions of 40 C.F.R. Part 279.12 are incorporated by reference. The prohibitions for managing materials under this section include those listed in 40 C.F.R. Part 279.12 and the following:

(a) Materials designating as EHW or WPCB cannot be managed under this section when burned for energy recovery. Note: Materials managed under this section containing 2 ppm or greater PCBs are subject to applicable requirements of 40 C.F.R. Part 761.20(e).

(b) Metal working fluids that are formulated with chlorinated compounds such as chlorinated paraffins or chlorinated alkene polymers cannot be managed under this section when burned for energy recovery.

(c) Ethylene glycol based fluids cannot be managed under this section. These fluids are subject to section WAC 173-303-522 when recycled.

(d) The use of used oil or other materials managed under this section as a dust suppressant is prohibited.

(e) Materials to be managed under this section are prohibited from being mixed with any dangerous waste. If any material managed under this section is mixed with dangerous waste, the resultant mixture is dangerous waste and must be managed as such.

(6) Standards for used oil generators. This subsection applies to all used oil generators and persons managing materials under this section. The standards for used oil generators of 40 C.F.R. Parts 279.20 through 279.24 are incorporated by reference except 40 C.F.R. Part 279.21. Used oil generators and persons managing materials under this subsection are subject to the federal regulations listed above and the following:

(a) Storage requirements for containers and tanks.

(i) Containers must be closed at all times, except when adding or removing materials managed under this section.

(ii) Containers and tanks must not be opened, handled, managed or stored in a manner that may cause the container or tank to leak or rupture.

(b) Secondary containment requirements for storage of material managed under this section in tanks and containers.

The department may require secondary containment, on a case-by-case basis, in accordance with some or all of the requirements in WAC 173-303-630(7) and 173-303-640(4) if the department determines that a potential for spills and discharges, mismanagement, or other factors pose a threat to human health or the environment.

(c) Self-transport to approved collection centers. In addition to 40 C.F.R. Part 279.24(a), generators may self-transport quantities greater than 55 gallons to a used oil collection center: Provided, That the owner/operator of the center records the name, address, telephone number, date of delivery and quantity of used oil being delivered to the site by the generator.

(7) Standards for used oil collection centers and aggregation points. For the purpose of managing materials under this section, 40 C.F.R. Parts 279.30 through 279.32 are incorporated by reference. The standards for used oil collection centers under this subsection are those federal regulations listed above and the following modifications:

In addition to the requirements of 40 C.F.R. Part 279.31, the owner or operator of a used oil collection center may accept greater than 55 gallons of used oil from generators: Provided, That:

(a) The requirements for a used oil transfer facility (40 C.F.R. Parts 279.40 through 279.47) are complied with while that used oil is on site; and

(b) The owner/operator of the collection center records the name, address, telephone number, date of delivery and quantity of used oil being delivered to the site by the generator of the used oil; and

(8) Standards for used oil transporters and transfer facilities. For the purpose of managing materials under this section, 40 C.F.R. Parts 279.40 through 279.47 are incorporated by reference except that the test methods at WAC 173-303-110(3) must be used and the annual reporting requirements of WAC 173-303-060 must be complied with. The standards for used oil transfer facilities under this subsection are those federal regulations listed above and the following modifications:

Additional reports. Upon determination by the department that the storage of used oil in tanks and/or containers poses a threat to public health or the environment, the department may require the owner/operator to provide additional information regarding the integrity of structures and equipment used to store used oil. This authority applies to tanks and secondary containment systems used to store used oil in tanks and containers. The department's determination of a threat to public health or the environment may be based upon observations of factors that would contribute to spills or releases of used oil or the generation of hazardous by-products (e.g., hydrogen sulfide gas). Those observations may include, but are not limited to, leaks, severe corrosion, structural defects or deterioration (cracks, gaps, separation of joints), inability to completely inspect tanks or structures, or concerns about the age or design specification of tanks.

(a) When required by the department, a qualified, independent professional engineer registered to practice in Washington state must perform the assessment of the integrity of tanks or secondary containment systems.

(b) Requirement for facility repairs and improvements. If, upon evaluation of information obtained by the department under (a) of this subsection, it is determined that repairs or structural improvements are necessary in order to eliminate threats, the department may require the owner/operator to discontinue the use of the tank system or container storage unit and remove the used oil until the repairs or improvements are completed and approved by the department.

(9) Standards for used oil processors and rerefiners. For the purpose of managing materials under this section, 40 C.F.R. Parts 279.50 through 279.59 are incorporated by reference except that the test methods at WAC 173-303-110(3) must be used and the annual reporting requirements of WAC 173-303-060 must be complied with. The standards for used oil processors and rerefiners under this subsection are those federal regulations listed above and the following:

(a) In addition to the general facility standards of 40 C.F.R. Part 279.52, owners and operators of used oil processing and/or rerefining facilities regulated under this subsection are subject to the following:

(i) Used oil and other materials managed under the standards for management of used oil may be stored on-site without a permit for ninety days prior to entering an active recycling process. An active recycling process refers to a dynamic recycling operation that occurs within the recycling unit such as a distillation or centrifuge unit. The phrase does not refer to passive storage-like activities that occur, for example, when tanks or containers are used for phase separation or for settling impurities;

(ii) Facility closure standards of WAC 173-303-610 (2) and (12); and

(iii) Financial requirements of WAC 173-303-620 (1)(e).

(b) Additional reports. Upon determination by the department that the storage of used oil in tanks and/or containers poses a threat to public health or the environment, the department may require the owner/operator to provide additional information regarding the integrity of structures and equipment used to store used oil. This authority applies to tanks and secondary containment systems used to store used oil in tanks and containers. The department's determination of a threat to public health or the environment may be based upon observations of factors that would contribute to spills or releases of used oil or the generation of hazardous by-products (for example, hydrogen sulfide gas). Those observations may include, but are not limited to, leaks, severe corrosion, structural defects or deterioration (cracks, gaps, separation of joints), inability to completely inspect tanks or structures, or concerns about the age or design specification of tanks.

(i) When required by the department, a qualified, independent professional engineer registered to practice in Washington state must perform the assessment of the integrity of tanks or secondary containment systems.

(ii) Requirement for facility repairs and improvements. If, upon evaluation of information obtained by the department under (b) of this subsection, it is determined that repairs or structural improvements are necessary in order to eliminate threats, the department may require the owner/operator to discontinue the use of the tank system or container storage unit and remove the used oil until such repairs or improvements are completed and approved by the department.

(10) Standards for used oil burners who burn off-specification. For the purpose of managing materials under this subsection, 40 C.F.R. Parts 279.60 through 279.67 are incorporated by reference except that the test methods at WAC 173-303-110(3) must be used and the annual reporting requirements of WAC 173-303-060 must be complied with.

(11) Standards for used oil fuel marketers. For the purpose of managing materials under this subsection, 40 C.F.R. Parts 279.70 through 279.75 are incorporated by reference. In addition, the annual reporting requirements of WAC 173-303-060 must be met.

(12) Standards for disposal of used oil. For the purpose of managing materials under this subsection, 40 C.F.R. Parts 279.80 through 279.82(a) are incorporated by reference.

(13) Testing required.

(a) Notwithstanding any other provisions of this section, the department may require any person to test their used oil according to the methods set forth in Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, Physical/Chemical Methods, EPA Publication, SW-846 to either determine if the used oil is on-specification as described in WAC 173-303-515(4), determine whether the used oil contains a listed hazardous waste, or determine if the used oil is prohibited from being managed as used oil in WAC 173-303-515(5).

(b) Where the federal regulations that have been incorporated by reference refer to 40 C.F.R. 260.11, data provided under this section must instead meet the requirements of WAC 173-303-110(3).

PDFWAC 173-303-515

Standards for the management of used oil.