(1)(a) A network pharmacy, or its representative, may appeal the reimbursement amount for a drug to a health care benefit manager providing pharmacy benefit management services (first tier appeal) if the reimbursement amount for the drug is less than the net amount the network pharmacy paid to the supplier of the drug and the claim was adjudicated within the past 90 days.

(b) If a pharmacy is represented by a pharmacy services administrative organization, or other entity, the contract between the pharmacy benefit manager and the pharmacy must allow the pharmacy services administrative organization or other entity to use the appeal process included in the contract between the pharmacy benefit manager and the pharmacy. The pharmacy benefit manager must meet all statutory, regulatory, and contractual requirements when reviewing an appeal submitted by a representative on behalf of a pharmacy.

(c) A pharmacy services administrative organization may submit an appeal to a pharmacy benefit manager on behalf of multiple pharmacies if:

(i) The claims that are the subject of the appeal are for the same prescription drug; and

(ii) The pharmacies on whose behalf the claims are submitted are members of the pharmacy services administrative organization; and

(iii) The pharmacy benefit manager has contracts with the pharmacies on whose behalf the pharmacy services administrative organization is submitting the claims.

(2) Before a pharmacy files an appeal pursuant to this section, upon request by a pharmacy or pharmacist, a pharmacy benefit manager must provide, within four business days of receiving the request, a current and accurate list of bank identification numbers, processor control numbers, and pharmacy group identifiers for health plans and for self-funded group health plans that have elected under RCW 48.200.330 to participate in RCW 48.200.280, 48.200.310, and 48.200.320 with which the pharmacy benefit manager either has a current contract or had a contract that has been terminated within the past 12 months to provide pharmacy benefit management services.

(3) A pharmacy benefit manager must process the network pharmacy's appeal as follows:

A pharmacy benefit manager must include language in the pharmacy provider contract and on the pharmacy benefit manager's website fully describing the right to appeal under RCW 48.200.280. If the health care benefit manager provides other health care benefit management services in addition to pharmacy benefit management services, this information must be under an easily located page that is specific to pharmacy services. The description must include, but is not limited to:

(a) Contact information, including:

(i) A telephone number by which the pharmacy may contact the pharmacy benefit manager between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m. Pacific Time Zone Monday through Friday, except national holidays, and speak with an individual responsible for processing appeals;

(ii) A fax number that a network pharmacy can use to submit information regarding an appeal; and

(iii) An email address or a link to a secure online portal that a network pharmacy can use to submit information regarding an appeal. If the pharmacy benefit manager chooses to use a link to a secure online portal to satisfy the requirement of this subsection, the contract must include explicit and clear instructions as to how a pharmacy can gain access to the portal. Submission by a pharmacy of an appeal that includes the claim adjudication date or dates consistent with subsection (1) of this section and documentation or information described in subsection (4) of this section, or of a request for information regarding an appeal, to the email address or secure online portal included in the contract under this subsection must be accepted by the pharmacy benefit manager as a valid submission.

(b) A detailed description of the actions that a network pharmacy must take to file an appeal; and

(c) A detailed summary of each step in the pharmacy benefit manager's appeals process.

(4) The pharmacy benefit manager must reconsider the reimbursement amount. A pharmacy benefit manager's review process must provide the network pharmacy or its representatives with an opportunity to submit information to the pharmacy benefit manager including, but not limited to, documents or written comments. Documents or information that may be submitted by a network pharmacy or their representative to show that the reimbursement amount paid by a pharmacy benefit manager is less than the net amount that the network pharmacy paid to the supplier of the drug include, but are not limited to:

(a) An image of information from the network pharmacy's wholesale ordering system;

(b) Other documentation showing the amount paid by the network pharmacy; or

(c) An attestation by the network pharmacy that:

(i) The reimbursement amount paid by a pharmacy benefit manager is less than the net amount that the network pharmacy paid to the supplier of the drug; and

(ii) Describes the due diligence the network pharmacy undertook to procure the drug at the most favorable amount for the pharmacy, taking into consideration whether the pharmacy has fewer than 15 retail outlets within the state of Washington under its corporate umbrella and whether the network pharmacy's contract with a wholesaler or secondary supplier restricts disclosure of the amount paid to the wholesaler or secondary supplier for the drug.

(5) The pharmacy benefit manager must review and investigate the reimbursement and consider all information submitted by the network pharmacy or its representatives prior to issuing a decision.

(6) The pharmacy benefit manager must complete the appeal within 30 calendar days from the time the network pharmacy submits the appeal. If the network pharmacy does not receive the pharmacy benefit manager's decision within that time frame, then the appeal is deemed denied.

(7) The pharmacy benefit manager must uphold the appeal of a network pharmacy with fewer than 15 retail outlets within the state of Washington, under its corporate umbrella, if the pharmacy demonstrates that they are unable to purchase therapeutically equivalent interchangeable product from a supplier doing business in the state of Washington at the pharmacy benefit manager's list price. "Therapeutically equivalent" is defined in RCW 69.41.110.

(8)(a) If the pharmacy benefit manager denies the network pharmacy's appeal, the pharmacy benefit manager must provide the network pharmacy with a reason for the denial, the national drug code, and price of a drug that has been purchased by other network pharmacies located in the state of Washington at a price less than or equal to the reimbursement cost for the drug and the name of at least one wholesaler or supplier from which the drug was available for purchase at that price on the date of the claim or claims that are subject of the appeal.

(b) If the pharmacy benefit manager bases its denial on the fact that one or more of the claims that are the subject of the appeal is not subject to RCW 48.200.280 and this chapter, it must provide documentation clearly indicating that the plan to which the claim relates is a self-funded group health plan that has not opted in under RCW 48.200.330, is a medicare plan, or is otherwise not subject to RCW 48.200.280 and this chapter.

(9) If the pharmacy benefit manager upholds the network pharmacy's appeal, the pharmacy benefit manager must make a reasonable adjustment no later than one day after the date of the determination. The commissioner will presume that a reasonable adjustment applied prospectively for a period of at least 90 days from the date of an upheld appeal is not a knowing or willful violation of chapter 48.200 RCW under RCW 48.200.290. If a therapeutically equivalent interchangeable product becomes available during the period that a reasonable adjustment is in effect, the adjustment may reflect the cost of that product from the date it becomes available to the end of the prospective reasonable adjustment period. If the request for an adjustment is from a critical access pharmacy, as defined by the state health care authority by rule for purpose related to the prescription drug purchasing consortium established under RCW 70.14.060, any such adjustment shall apply only to such pharmacies.

(10) If otherwise qualified, the following may file an appeal with a pharmacy benefit manager:

(a) Persons who are natural persons representing themselves;

(b) Attorneys at law duly qualified and entitled to practice in the courts of the state of Washington;

(c) Attorneys at law entitled to practice before the highest court of record of any other state, if attorneys licensed in Washington are permitted to appear before the courts of such other state in a representative capacity, and if not otherwise prohibited by state law;

(d) Public officials in their official capacity;

(e) A duly authorized director, officer, or full-time employee of an individual firm, association, partnership, or corporation who appears for such firm, association, partnership, or corporation;

(f) Partners, joint venturers or trustees representing their respective partnerships, joint ventures, or trusts; and

(g) Other persons designated by a person to whom the proceedings apply.

(11) A pharmacy benefit manager's response to an appeal submitted by a Washington small pharmacy that is denied, partially reimbursed, or untimely must include written documentation or notice to identify the exact corporate entity that received and processed the appeal. Such information must include, but is not limited to, the corporate entity's full and complete name, taxpayer identification number, and number assigned by the office of the insurance commissioner.

(12) Health care benefit managers providing pharmacy benefit management services must identify a pharmacy benefit manager employee who is the single point of contact for appeals, and must include the address, phone number, name of the contact person, and valid email address. This includes completing and submitting the form that the commissioner makes available for this purpose at www.insurance.wa.gov.

(13) This section is effective January 1, 2026.