This chapter is adopted under the authority of chapter 70.95 RCW, Solid waste management—Reduction and recycling, to protect public health, to prevent land, air, and water pollution, and conserve the state's natural, economic, and energy resources by:

(1) Setting minimum functional performance standards for the proper handling and disposal of solid waste originating from residences, commercial, agricultural and industrial operations and other sources;

(2) Identifying those functions necessary to assure effective solid waste handling programs at both the state and local level;

(3) Following the priorities for the management of solid waste as set by the legislature in chapter 70.95 RCW, Solid waste management—Reduction and recycling((.));

(4) Describing the responsibility of persons, municipalities, regional agencies, state and local government related to solid waste;

(5) Requiring solid waste handling facilities to be located, designed, constructed, operated and closed in accordance with this chapter;

(6) Promoting regulatory consistency by establishing statewide minimum standards for solid waste handling; and

(7) Encouraging the development and operation of waste recycling facilities and activities needed to accomplish the management priority of waste recycling.

(1) This chapter applies to facilities and activities that manage solid wastes as that term is defined in WAC 173-350-100 or determined in WAC 173-350-021. Facilities handling solid waste must comply with the standards of all applicable sections of this chapter.

(2) This chapter does not apply to the following:

(((1)))(a) Overburden from mining operations intended for return to the mine;

(((2)))(b) Wood waste used for ornamental, animal bedding, mulch and plant bedding, or road building purposes;

(((3)))(c) Wood waste directly resulting from the harvesting of timber left at the point of generation and ((subject to))regulated under chapter 76.09 RCW, Forest practices;

(((4)))(d) Land application of livestock manure((s)) and bedding, crop residue((s)), and on-farm vegetative waste at agronomic rates;

(((5) Agricultural composting when all agricultural wastes are generated, processed, and applied on-farm at agronomic rates in accordance with accepted agricultural practices. This categorical exemption does not apply to producers subject to RCW 70.95.306, composting of bovine and equine carcasses;

(6)))(e) Mushroom substrate production when materials that are not solid waste (such as processed chicken manure) are used in the production;

(((7) Home composting as defined in WAC 173-350-100;

(8)))(f) Single-family residences and single-family farms whose year round occupants engage in solid waste disposal regulated under WAC 173-351-700(4);

(((9)))(g) Clean soil((s)) and clean dredged material as defined in WAC 173-350-100;

(((10) Dredged material as defined in 40 C.F.R. 232.2 that is subject to:

(11)))(h) The following activities when regulated under section 404 or 401 of the Clean Water Act (33 U.S.C. Sec. 1344 or 1341) or section 10 of the Rivers and Harbors Act (33 U.S.C. Sec. 403):

(i) Biosolids that are managed under chapter 173-308 WAC, Biosolids management;

(((12)))(j) Domestic septage taken to a sewage treatment plant permitted under chapter 90.48 RCW, Water pollution control;

(((13)))(k) Liquid wastes, the discharge or potential discharge of which((,)) is regulated under federal, state or local water pollution permits;

(((14)))(l) Domestic wastewater facilities and industrial wastewater facilities otherwise regulated by federal, state, or local water pollution permits;

(((15)))(m) Dangerous wastes fully regulated under chapter 70.105 RCW, Hazardous waste management, and chapter 173-303 WAC, Dangerous waste regulations;

(((16)))(n) Special incinerator ash regulated under chapter 173-306 WAC, Special incinerator ash management standards;

(((17)))(o) PCB wastes regulated under 40 C.F.R. Part 761, Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) Manufacturing, Processing, Distribution in Commerce, and Use Prohibitions, except for:

(((a)))(i) PCB household waste; and

(((b)))(ii) PCB bulk product wastes identified in 40 C.F.R. Part 761.62 (b)(1) that are disposed of in limited purpose landfills;

(((18)))(p) Radioactive wastes, defined by chapter 246-220 WAC, Radiation protection—General provisions, and chapter 246-232 WAC, Radioactive protection—Licensing applicability;

(((19)))(q) Landfilling of municipal solid waste regulated under chapter 173-351 WAC, Criteria for municipal solid waste landfills;

(((20) Drop boxes used solely for collecting recyclable materials;

(21)))(r) Intermodal facilities as defined in WAC 173-350-100; ((and

(22)))

(t) Solid waste handling facilities that have engaged in closure and closed before the effective date of this chapter;

(ee) In accordance with RCW 70.95.207 an authorized collector of covered drugs regulated under chapter 69.48 RCW is not required to obtain a permit under RCW 70.95.170 unless the authorized collector is required to obtain a permit under RCW 70.95.170 as a consequence of activities that are not directly associated with the collection facility's activities under chapter 69.48 RCW.

(1) Determination of solid waste - Applicability. This section must be applied when determining whether a material is a solid waste as defined in WAC 173-350-100. Some waste materials already have criteria for use, or standards to no longer be considered solid waste, in other sections of this rule. This section may not be applied to the following materials:

(a) Contaminated soil and contaminated dredged materials defined in WAC 173-350-100;

(b) Composted materials regulated under WAC 173-350-220; and

(c) Digestate regulated under WAC 173-350-250.

(2) A material is a solid waste if it meets any of the criteria in (a) through (f) of this subsection:

(a) The material has been discarded, abandoned, or disposed of;

(b) The material has been permanently placed in or on land for the purpose of disposal;

(c) The material has been collected through residential or commercial solid waste or recyclable material collection;

(d) The material has been received at a solid waste handling facility for recycling, incineration, disposal, or beneficial use as those terms are defined in WAC 173-350-100;

(e) The generator has paid for or will need to pay for removal or processing of the material for recycling, incineration, disposal, or beneficial use as those terms are defined in WAC 173-350-100; or

(f) The material has been stockpiled for recycling, reuse, or use after recycling, but no market is available and stockpiles provide vector attraction or harborage, or release pollutants into the environment in violation of other human health or environmental rules and regulations.

(3) A material that met any of the criteria in subsection (2) of this section is no longer a solid waste if it meets all of the criteria in (a) through (e) of this subsection:

(a) The material is no longer discarded or abandoned;

(b) The material has been separated from solid wastes;

(c) The material has been recycled, or is ready for reuse, as defined in WAC 173-350-100;

(d) The material has positive market value, as indicated by established markets for the material. Paying a person to remove or process the material for recycling, disposal, or incineration is not positive market value, nor is paying a discounted amount for removal or processing;

(e) The material is stored and managed to preserve its value, and is stored in a manner that presents little or no risk to human health and the environment; and

(f) The material does not contain harmful chemical, physical, biological, or radiological substances that will pose a threat to human health or the environment for its intended or likely manner of use.

(4) If a material does not meet all of the criteria of subsection (3) of this section, the person in possession of the material is still considered to be handling solid waste and is required to obtain a permit from the jurisdictional health department, or meet the requirements of a conditional permit exemption under the applicable section(s) of this chapter, or manage the material in accordance with the provisions of WAC 173-350-200 Beneficial use permit exemptions. In an action to enforce the requirements of this chapter, the generator or person in possession of the material must demonstrate that the material is no longer a solid waste.

(5) Nothing in this chapter shall impact the rights of a commercial recycler, nonprofit, or commercial generator under RCW 70.95.903, 81.77.140, 36.58.160, and 35.21.158.

The owner, operator, or occupant of any premise, business establishment, or industry ((shall be))is responsible for the satisfactory and legal arrangement for the solid waste handling of all solid waste generated or accumulated by them on the property.

(1) Effective dates - Facilities with new solid waste handling units.((These))The standards in this chapter apply to ((all facilities, except existing facilities, when updated or new sections in this chapter become effective))new solid waste handling units, on or after the effective dates for any new or updated sections in this chapter.

(2) Effective dates - Existing facilities with a solid waste handling permit.

(a) The owner or operator of an existing ((facilities))facility must:

(i) Meet all applicable operating, environmental monitoring, closure and post-closure planning, and financial assurance requirements ((of this chapter by June 30, 2014))within eighteen months of the effective date associated with each solid waste handling unit at a facility; and

(ii) Meet all applicable performance and design requirements, other than location or setback requirements, ((by December 31, 2014))within twenty-four months of the effective date associated with each solid waste handling unit at a facility.

(b) ((These standards apply to all new solid waste handling units at existing facilities upon the effective date of this chapter.

(c) If, as determined by the jurisdictional health department, significant changes to the operation, design, capacity, performance, or monitoring of))If changes to a facility are needed to meet updated or new sections of this chapter, the owner or operator of existing facilities must ((initiate the))submit a request for permit modification ((process))as outlined in WAC 173-350-710(((4) by December 31, 2013. If a permit modification is necessary, every application for a permit modification must describe the date and methods for altering an existing facility to meet (a)(i) and (ii) of this subsection.

(e) All facilities must close))within twelve months of the effective date associated with each solid waste handling unit at a facility. The request must demonstrate that an owner or operator will meet updated or new sections by applicable effective dates.

(b) An owner or operator of an existing facility that cannot meet the requirements in updated or new sections of this chapter associated with solid waste handling units at the facility by their effective dates must close those units in compliance with applicable requirements of this chapter.

The owner or operator of ((all))any solid waste ((facilities))facility subject to this chapter ((shall))must:

(1) Design, construct, operate, ((and)) close ((all facilities))and provide post-closure care as applicable, at any solid waste facility in a manner that does not pose a threat to human health or the environment;

(2) ((Comply with chapter 90.48 RCW, Water pollution control and implementing regulations, including chapter 173-200 WAC, Water quality standards for groundwaters of the state of Washington;

(3) Conform to))Not be in conflict with the approved local comprehensive solid waste management plan prepared in accordance with chapter 70.95 RCW, Solid waste management—Reduction and recycling, and/or the local hazardous waste management plan prepared in accordance with chapter 70.105 RCW, Hazardous waste management((;

(4) Not cause any violation of emission standards or ambient air quality standards at the property boundary of any facility and comply with chapter 70.94 RCW, Washington Clean Air Act)); and

(((5)))(3) Comply with all other applicable local, state, and federal laws and regulations.

When used in this chapter, the following terms have the meanings given below.

"Active area" means that portion of a facility where solid waste recycling, reuse, treatment, storage, or disposal operations are being, are proposed to be, or have been conducted. Setbacks must not be considered part of the active area of a facility.

"Aerobic decomposition" means decomposition of organic materials primarily by aerobic microbes under controlled conditions.

"Agricultural composting" means composting of agricultural waste as an integral component of a system designed to improve soil health and recycle agricultural wastes. Agricultural composting is conducted on lands used for farming.

"Agricultural wastes" means wastes ((on))from farms resulting from the raising or growing of plants and animals including, but not limited to, crop residue, livestock manure ((from herbivores and nonherbivores)), animal bedding, and carcasses of dead animals.

"Agronomic rates" means the application rate (((dry weight basis))) that will provide the amount of nitrogen or other critical nutrient required for ((optimum))optimal growth of vegetation, and that will not result in the violation of applicable standards or requirements for the protection of ground or surface water as established under chapter 90.48 RCW, Water pollution control, and related rules including chapter 173-200 WAC, Water quality standards for groundwaters of the state of Washington, and chapter 173-201A WAC, Water quality standards for surface waters of the state of Washington.

"Air quality standard" means a standard set for maximum allowable contamination in ambient air as ((set forth))authorized in chapter ((173-400 WAC, General regulations for air pollution sources)) 70.94 RCW, Washington Clean Air Act.

"All-weather surface" means a road surface over which emergency vehicles and typical passenger vehicles can pass in all types of weather.

"Anaerobic digester" means a vessel that processes organic material into biogas and digestate through microbial decomposition under anaerobic (low oxygen) conditions.

"Below ground tank" means a device meeting the definition of "tank" in this chapter where a portion of the tank wall is situated to any degree within the ground, thereby preventing visual inspection of that external surface of the tank that is in the ground.

"Beneficial use" means the use of solid waste as an ((ingredient in a manufacturing process, or as an)) effective substitute for natural or commercial products, or as a soil amendment, in a manner that does not pose a threat to human health or the environment((.))when approved in accordance with section WAC 173-350-200 or 173-350-230 of this chapter. Use of solid waste as fill, or avoidance of processing or disposal cost alone, does not constitute beneficial use.

"Biofilter" means a bed or layer of material that supports beneficial microorganisms, typically a mixture of compost and wood chips, designed to filter and treat air emissions. A biofilter adsorbs and then biologically degrades odorous compounds.

"Biosolids" means municipal sewage sludge that is a primarily organic, semisolid product resulting from the wastewater treatment process, that can be beneficially recycled and meets all applicable requirements under chapter 173-308 WAC, Biosolids management. Biosolids includes a material derived from biosolids and septic tank sludge, also known as septage, that can be beneficially recycled and meets all applicable requirements under chapter 173-308 WAC, Biosolids management.

"Buffer" means a permanently vegetated strip adjacent to ((an))a land application area, the purpose of which is to filter runoff or overspray from the application area and protect an adjacent area.

"Bulking agent" means an ingredient used to improve structure and porosity, or to lower moisture content, primarily in composting. Bulking agents improve convective air flow and reduce settling and compaction. Bulking agents may include, but are not limited to, wood waste, straw, and other high-carbon materials.

"Cab card((s))" means a license carried in a vehicle that authorizes that ((vehicle))vehicle's driver to legally pick up waste tires and haul to a permitted, licensed facility or an exempt facility for deposit.

(("Capacity" means the maximum amount of material that can be contained on-site at any one time. Capacity is identified by the conditions of exemption, the permit, or the plan of operations as approved by the jurisdictional health department or the department. All material includes, but is not limited to, incoming waste, feedstocks, bulking agents, stockpiled wastes, active composting, curing piles, composted materials, and sorted recyclable materials on-site.))

"Captive insurance companies" means companies that are wholly owned subsidiaries controlled by the parent company and established to insure the parent company or its other subsidiaries.

"Channel migration zone" means the lateral extent of likely movement of a stream or river channel along a stream reach.

"Clean soil((s and clean dredged material))" means soil((s and dredged material which are not dangerous wastes, contaminated soils, or contaminated dredged material as defined in this section))that does not contain contaminants from a release. It also includes soil that contains one or more contaminants from a release and when moved from one location to another for placement on or into the ground:

Examples of potentially clean soil may include, but are not limited to, soil from undeveloped lands unlikely to have impacts from release of contaminants associated with area-wide or local industrial or historical activities. This includes similar soils over which development may have occurred but land use is unlikely to have led to a release, such as use for residential housing, or over which development provided protection from impacts from a release, such as coverage by pavement. Soil with substances from natural background conditions, as natural background is defined in WAC 173-350-100, is clean soil under this section.

"Closure" means those actions taken by the owner or operator of a solid waste handling facility to cease disposal operations or other solid waste handling activities, to ensure that all ((such)) facilities are closed in conformance with applicable regulations at the time of ((such)) closure((s)), and to prepare the site for the post-closure period if applicable.

"Closure plan" means a written plan developed by an owner or operator of a facility detailing how a facility is to close at the end of its active life.

"Composted material" means organic solid waste that has undergone biological degradation and transformation under controlled conditions designed to promote aerobic decomposition at a solid waste facility in compliance with the requirements of this chapter. Composting is a form of organic material recycling. Natural decay of organic solid waste under uncontrolled conditions does not result in composted material.

"Composting" means the biological degradation and transformation of organic solid waste under controlled conditions designed to promote aerobic decomposition. Natural decay of organic solid waste under uncontrolled conditions is not composting.

"Conditionally exempt small quantity generator (CESQG)" means a dangerous waste generator whose dangerous wastes are ((not subject to))conditionally exempt from regulation under chapter 70.105 RCW, Hazardous waste management, solely because the waste is generated or accumulated in quantities below the threshold for regulation and meets the conditions prescribed in WAC 173-303-070 (8)(b).

"Conditionally exempt small quantity generator (CESQG) waste" means dangerous waste generated by a conditionally exempt small quantity generator.

"Container" means a portable device used for the collection, storage, and/or transportation of solid waste including, but not limited to, reusable containers, disposable containers, and detachable containers.

"Contaminant" means any chemical, physical, biological, or radiological substance that does not occur naturally in the environment or that occurs at concentrations greater than natural background levels.

"Contaminate" means the release of solid waste, leachate, or gases emitted by solid waste, ((such))so that contaminants enter the environment at concentrations that pose a threat to human health or the environment, or cause a violation of any applicable environmental regulation.

"Contaminated dredged material" means dredged material ((resulting from the dredging of surface waters of the state where contaminants are present in the dredged material at concentrations not suitable for open water disposal and the dredged material is not dangerous waste and is not regulated by section 404 of the Federal Clean Water Act (P.L. 95-217)))containing one or more contaminants from a release and when moved from one location to another for placement on or into the ground:

Contaminated dredged material is solid waste and must be managed at a solid waste handling facility in conformance with this chapter or chapter 173-351 WAC, Criteria for municipal solid waste landfills. Characterization of material may be required based on solid waste facility acceptance standards. An example of a potentially contaminated dredged material may include, but is not limited to, dredged material from surface waters containing contaminants from a release.

"Contaminated soil((s))" means soil((s removed during the cleanup of a hazardous waste site, or a dangerous waste facility closure, corrective actions or other clean-up activities and which contain harmful substances but are not designated dangerous wastes))containing one or more contaminants from a release and when moved from one location to another for placement on or into the ground:

Unless excluded in WAC 173-350-020, contaminated soil is solid waste and must be managed at a solid waste handling facility in conformance with this chapter or chapter 173-351 WAC, Criteria for municipal solid waste landfills. Characterization of material may be required based on solid waste facility acceptance standards. Examples of potentially contaminated soil may include, but are not limited to, street waste, petroleum contaminated soil, engineered soil, and soil likely to have contaminants from a release associated with industrial or historical activities.

"Controlled conditions" means the conditions in which facilities must be operated to meet the performance standards of WAC 173-350-040 and the applicable handling standards of this chapter. ((Controlled conditions at compost facilities))These may include, but are not limited to, controlling odors, run-on and runoff, moisture levels, pH levels, carbon to nitrogen ratios, temperatures, oxygen levels, particle sizes, and free air space.

"Corrosion expert" means a person certified by the National Association of Corrosion Engineers (NACE) or a registered professional engineer who has certification or licensing that includes education and experience in corrosion control.

"Crop residues" means vegetative material ((leftover))left over from farms from ((the)) harvesting ((of)) crops, including ((leftover))left over pieces or whole fruits or vegetables, crop leaves and stems, and unprocessed produce from storage facilities. Crop residue does not include food processing waste.

"Dangerous wastes" means any solid waste designated as dangerous waste by the department under chapter 173-303 WAC, Dangerous waste regulations.

"Department" means the Washington state department of ecology.

"Detachable containers" means reusable containers that are mechanically loaded or handled, such as a dumpster or drop box.

"Digestate" means both solid and liquid substances that remain following anaerobic digestion of organic material in an anaerobic digester.

"Disposable containers" means containers that are used once to handle solid waste, such as plastic bags, cardboard boxes and paper bags.

"Disposal" or "deposition" means the discharge, deposit, injection, dumping, leaking, or placing of any solid waste into or on any land or water.

(("Domestic septage" means Class I, II or III domestic septage as defined in chapter 173-308 WAC, Biosolids management.))

"Domestic wastewater facility" means all structures, equipment, or processes required to collect, carry away, treat, reclaim, or dispose of domestic wastewater together with ((such)) industrial waste ((as))that may be present.

"Drop box facility" means a facility used for the placement of a detachable container including the area adjacent for necessary entrance and exit roads, unloading and turn-around areas. Drop box facilities ((normally serve the general public with loose loads and)) receive waste from off-site, require waste placement directly into a container and not a tip floor, and serve the general public.

"Energy recovery" means a process operating under federal and state environmental laws and regulations for converting solid waste into usable energy and for reducing the volume of solid waste. The recovery of energy ((in a useable form from))may include mass burning or refuse-derived fuel incineration, ((pyrolysis)) or ((any)) other means of using the heat of combustion of solid waste that involves high temperature (above twelve hundred degrees Fahrenheit) ((processing)).

"Existing facility" means a facility ((which is owned or leased, and))with one or more solid waste handling units in operation, or for which facility construction has begun, on or before the effective dates((of))in this chapter associated with each solid waste handling unit, and the owner or operator has met terms and conditions for permit exemption or obtained permits or approvals necessary under federal, state and local statutes, regulations and ordinances.

"Facility" means all contiguous land (including buffers and setbacks) and structures, other appurtenances, and improvements on the land used for solid waste handling.

"Facility construction" means the continuous on-site physical act of constructing solid waste handling unit(s) or when the owner or operator of a facility has entered into contractual obligations for physical construction of the facility that cannot be canceled or modified without substantial financial loss.

"Facility structures" means constructed infrastructure such as buildings, sheds, utility lines, and piping on the facility.

"Feedstock" means a source separated waste material used as a component of composting, manufacturing, or as part of an industrial process.

"Food processing waste" means a source-separated organic material that is generated by a food processing facility licensed to process food by the United States Department of Agriculture, the United States Food and Drug Administration, the Washington state department of agriculture, or other applicable regulatory agency. Food processing wastes may include, but are not limited to, sludge from food processing water treatment plants, culls, DAF (dissolved air flotation) from a food processing facility(())), pomace, and paunch manure, not intended for animal or human consumption.

"Garbage" means putrescible solid wastes.

"Groundwater" means that part of the subsurface water that is in the zone of saturation.

"Holocene fault" means a plane along which earthen material on one side has been displaced with respect to that on the other side and has occurred in the most recent epoch of the Quaternary period extending from the end of the Pleistocene to the present.

"Home composting" means composting of on-site generated wastes, and incidental materials beneficial to the composting process, by the owner or person in control of a single-family residence, or for a dwelling that houses two to five families, such as a duplex or clustered dwellings.

"Household hazardous waste((s))" means any waste ((which))that exhibits any of the properties of dangerous wastes ((that))but is exempt from regulation under chapter 70.105 RCW, Hazardous waste management, solely because the waste is generated by households. Household hazardous waste can also include other solid waste identified in the local hazardous waste management plan prepared pursuant to chapter 70.105 RCW, Hazardous waste management.

"Hydrostratigraphic unit" means any water-bearing geologic unit or units hydraulically connected or grouped together on the basis of similar hydraulic conductivity which can be reasonably monitored; several geologic formations or part of a geologic formation may be grouped into a single hydrostratigraphic unit; perched sand lenses may be considered a hydrostratigraphic unit or part of a hydrostratigraphic unit, for example.

"Incineration" means a process of reducing the volume of solid wastes operating under federal and state environmental laws and regulations by use of an enclosed device using controlled flame combustion.

"Incompatible waste" means a waste that is unsuitable for mixing with another waste or material because the mixture might produce excessive heat or pressure, fire or explosion, violent reaction, toxic dust, fumes, mists, or gases, or flammable fumes or gases.

"Industrial solid wastes" means solid waste generated from manufacturing operations, food processing, or other industrial processes.

"Industrial wastewater facility" means all structures, equipment, or processes required to collect, ((carry away))convey, treat, reclaim, or dispose of industrial wastewater.

"Inert waste" means ((solid wastes that meet the criteria for inert waste in WAC 173-350-990.

"Intermediate solid waste handling facility" means any intermediate use or processing site engaged in solid waste handling which is not the final site of disposal. This includes material recovery facilities, transfer stations, drop boxes, baling and compaction sites))waste that is allowed to be received at an inert waste landfill as described in WAC 173-350-410.

"Intermodal facility" means any facility operated for the purpose of transporting closed containers of waste ((and)), when the containers are not opened for further treatment, processing or consolidation of the waste.

"Jurisdictional health department" means city, county, city-county or district public health department.

"Land application site" means ((a contiguous))an area or areas of land under the same ownership or operational control on which solid wastes are beneficially ((utilized for their agronomic or soil-amending capability))used through application at an agronomic rate, as a soil amendment, or for land reclamation.

"Land reclamation" means using solid waste to restore ((drastically)) disturbed lands including, but not limited to, construction sites and surface mines. Using solid waste as a component of fill is not land reclamation.

"Landfill" means a disposal facility or part of a facility at which solid waste is permanently placed in or on land including facilities that use solid waste as a component of fill.

"Leachate" means water or other liquid within a solid waste handling unit that has been ((contaminated by dissolved or suspended materials due to contact with solid waste or gases))in contact with solid waste or has been contaminated due to contact with landfill gas.

"Limited moderate risk waste" means waste batteries, waste oil, and waste antifreeze generated from households.

"Limited moderate risk waste facility" means a facility that collects, stores, and consolidates only limited moderate risk waste. Limited moderate risk waste facility does not include retailers and distributors operating as product take-back centers.

"Limited purpose landfill" means a landfill ((which))that is not ((regulated or permitted by other state or federal environmental regulations that))an inert waste landfill and receives or has received only solid wastes ((limited by type or source))designated as nonhazardous and are not municipal solid wastes. Limited purpose landfills include, but are not limited to, landfills that receive or have received segregated industrial solid waste, construction, demolition and ((landclearing))land clearing debris, wood waste, ash (other than special incinerator ash), contaminated soil and contaminated dredged material. Limited purpose landfills do not include inert waste landfills, municipal solid waste landfills regulated under chapter 173-351 WAC, Criteria for municipal solid waste landfills, landfills disposing of special incinerator ash regulated under chapter 173-306 WAC, Special incinerator ash management standards, landfills regulated under chapter 173-303 WAC, Dangerous waste regulations, or chemical waste landfills used for the disposal of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) regulated under Title 40 C.F.R. Part 761, Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) Manufacturing, Processing, Distribution in Commerce, and Use Prohibitions.

"Liquid" means a substance that flows readily and assumes the form of its container but retains its independent volume.

"Liquid waste" means any solid waste ((which is)) deemed to contain free liquids as determined by the Paint Filter Liquids Test, Method 9095, in "Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, Physical/Chemical Methods," EPA Publication SW-846.

"Lithified earth material" means all rock, including all naturally occurring and naturally formed aggregates or masses of minerals or small particles of older rock that formed by crystallization of magma or by induration of loose sediments. This term does not include man-made materials, such as fill, concrete or asphalt, or unconsolidated earth materials, soil or regolith lying at or near the earth's surface.

"Local fire control agency" means a public or private agency or corporation providing fire protection such as a local fire department, the department of natural resources or the United States Forest Service.

"Lower explosive limit((s))" means the lowest percentage by volume of a mixture of explosive gases that will propagate a flame in air at twenty-five degrees centigrade and atmospheric pressure.

"Manufactured organics" means source separated solid wastes, such as nonplastic coated paper plates, cups, compostable bags, and other items designed to decompose through composting, anaerobic digestion, or through other organic materials recycling processes. Manufactured organics do not include physical contaminants such as plastics and coated paper products that will not readily decompose under typical composting conditions, or wood derived fuel or wood waste as defined in this ((section))chapter.

"Manure and bedding" means manure (feces) and bedding from ((herbivorous animals such as))livestock and zoo animals including, but not limited to, horses, cows, chickens, sheep, and goats, and includes wash water from cleanup of such manure and bedding.

"Material recovery facility" means any facility that ((collects))receives, compacts, repackages, or sorts((, or processes for transport)) source separated solid waste for the purpose of recycling.

"Mobile systems ((and collection events))" means activities ((conducted at a temporary location))using a vehicle (such as a truck or trailer) to collect moderate risk waste from the public prior to transporting the material to an MRW facility, collection event, or permitted hazardous waste facility.

"Moderate risk waste (MRW)" means solid waste that is limited to conditionally exempt small quantity generator (CESQG) waste and household hazardous waste (HHW) as defined in this chapter.

"MRW facility" means a solid waste handling unit that is used to collect, treat, recycle, exchange, store, consolidate, and/or transfer moderate risk waste. This does not include mobile systems ((and)), collection events ((or)), limited MRW facilities, or product take-back centers that meet the applicable terms and conditions of WAC 173-350-360(2) ((or (3))).

"Municipal solid waste (MSW)" means a subset of solid waste which includes unsegregated garbage, refuse and similar solid waste material discarded from residential, commercial, institutional and industrial sources and community activities, including residue after recyclables have been separated. Solid waste that has been segregated by source and characteristic may qualify for management as a non-MSW solid waste, at a facility designed and operated to address the waste's characteristics and potential environmental impacts. The term MSW does not include:

((■))(a) Dangerous wastes other than wastes excluded from the requirements of chapter 173-303 WAC, Dangerous waste regulations, in WAC 173-303-071 such as household hazardous wastes;

((■))(b) Any solid waste, including contaminated soil and debris, resulting from response action taken under section 104 or 106 of the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act of 1980 (42 U.S.C. 9601), chapter 70.105D RCW, Hazardous waste cleanup—Model Toxics Control Act, chapter 173-340 WAC, ((the)) Model Toxics Control Act—Cleanup ((regulation)), or a remedial action taken under those statutes and rules; nor

((■))(c) Mixed or segregated recyclable material that has been source-separated from garbage, refuse and similar solid waste. The residual from source separated recyclables is MSW.

"Natural background" means the concentration of chemical, physical, biological, or radiological substances consistently present in the environment that has not been influenced by regional or localized human activities. Metals at concentrations naturally occurring in bedrock, sediments and soils due solely to the geologic processes that formed the materials are natural background. In addition, low concentrations of other persistent substances due solely to the global use or formation of these substances are natural background.

"New solid waste handling unit" means a solid waste handling unit that begins operation or ((facility)) construction after effective dates in this chapter associated with each solid waste handling unit, and an existing solid waste handling unit that begins significant modifications ((to existing solid waste handling units,)) after the effective dates((of))in this chapter associated with each solid waste handling unit.

"Nuisance odor" means any odor which is ((found)) offensive or may unreasonably interfere with any person's health, comfort, or enjoyment beyond the property boundary of a facility.

"On-farm" means activities taking place on any agricultural land under the control of the same entity including parcels that are not geographically contiguous but managed by the same entity for agricultural production.

"One hundred-year flood plain" means any land area that is subject to one percent or greater chance of flooding in any given year from any source.

"Open burning" means the burning of solid waste materials in an open fire or an outdoor container without providing for the control of combustion or the control of emissions from the combustion.

"Organic feedstocks" means source separated organic materials including bulking agents suitable for vermicomposting, composting, anaerobic digestion, and other processes that transform organic materials into usable or marketable materials.

"Organic materials" means any solid waste that is a biological substance of plant or animal origin capable of microbial degradation. Organic materials include, but are not limited to, manure, yard debris, food waste, food processing wastes, wood waste, and garden wastes.

"Other conversion technologies" means processes that transform organic feedstocks into useable or marketable materials, but does not include composting, vermicomposting, or anaerobic digestion.

"Overburden" means the earth, rock, soil, and topsoil that lie above mineral deposits.

(("Permeability" means the ease with which a porous material allows liquid or gaseous fluids to flow through it. For water, this is usually expressed in units of centimeters per second and termed hydraulic conductivity.))

"Permit" means an authorization issued by the jurisdictional health department ((which))that allows a person to perform solid waste activities at a specific location and ((which)) includes specific conditions for ((such)) facility operations.

"Person" means an individual, firm, association, copartnership, political subdivision, government agency, municipality, industry, public or private corporation, or any other entity ((whatever))whatsoever.

"Physical contaminants" as they relate to incoming feedstocks and compost quality means inorganic and organic constituents that are not readily decomposed during the composting process including, but not limited to, plastics, glass, textiles, rubber, leather, metal, ceramics, polystyrene, and wood pieces containing paint, laminates, bonding agents or chemical preservatives such as creosote, pentachlorophenol, or copper-chrome-arsenate.

"Pile" means the storage or treatment of any noncontainerized accumulation of solid waste ((that is used for treatment or storage)).

"Plan of operation" means the written plan developed by an owner or operator of a facility detailing how a facility is to be operated during its active life.

"Point of compliance" means a ((point established in the groundwater by the jurisdictional health department as near a possible source of release))location at which a monitored parameter can be measured and evaluated for compliance with established standards or permit conditions. For groundwater compliance monitoring, the point of compliance will be located as near to the downgradient edge of the solid waste handling activity as technically, hydrogeologically and geographically feasible. Other points of compliance in other media may be established by the solid waste permitting agency for solid waste handling facilities permitted under this chapter.

"Post-closure care" means ((the requirements placed upon disposal facilities after closure to ensure their environmental safety for at least a twenty-year period or until the site becomes stabilized (i.e., little or no settlement, gas production, or leachate generation)))those actions taken by an owner or operator of a limited purpose landfill after closure, and until the landfill is determined by the solid waste permitting authority to be functionally stable.

"Post-closure plan" means a written plan developed by an owner or operator of a facility detailing how a facility is to meet the post-closure requirements for the facility.

"Post-consumer food waste" means source separated organic materials originally intended for human consumption including, but not limited to, vegetables, fruits, grains, meats and dairy products resulting from serving food. Post-consumer food waste is typically collected from cafeterias, homes, and restaurants.

"Preconsumer animal-based wastes" means source separated organic materials from animals such as meat, fat, dairy, or eggs that are a result of food preparation for human consumption or are products that did not reach the intended consumer. Preconsumer animal-based wastes are typically collected from food processing facilities and grocery stores.

"Preconsumer vegetative waste" means source separated organic materials from vegetables, such as pits, peels, and pomace from human food preparation, or vegetable products that did not reach the consumer. Preconsumer vegetative wastes are typically collected from food processing facilities and grocery stores.

"Premises" means a tract or parcel of land with or without habitable buildings.

"Private facility" means a privately owned facility maintained on private property solely for the purpose of managing waste generated by the entity owning the site.

"Processing" means an operation to convert a material into a useful product or to prepare it for reuse, recycling, or disposal.

"Product take-back center" means a retail outlet or distributor that accepts household hazardous waste of comparable types as the products offered for sale or distributed at that outlet.

"Public facility" means a publicly or privately owned facility that accepts solid waste generated by other persons((;)), or a publicly owned facility maintained on publicly owned property solely for the purpose of managing waste generated by the public entity owning the facility.

"Putrescible waste" means solid waste which contains material capable of being readily decomposed by microorganisms and which is likely to produce offensive odors.

(("Pyrolysis" means the process in which solid wastes are heated in an enclosed device in the absence of oxygen to vaporization, producing a hydrocarbon-rich gas capable of being burned for recovery of energy.))

"Recyclable materials" means those solid wastes that are separated for recycling or reuse, including, but not limited to, papers, metals, and glass, that are identified as recyclable material pursuant to a local comprehensive solid waste plan.

"Recycling" means transforming or remanufacturing waste materials into usable or marketable materials for use other than landfill disposal or incineration. Recycling ((does not include collection, compacting, repackaging, and sorting for the purpose of transport))includes processing waste materials to produce tangible commodities.

"Release" means any intentional or unintentional entry of a contaminant into the environment at more than de minimis amounts and includes, but is not limited to, spilling, leaking, pouring, emitting, emptying, discharging, adding, applying, amending, injecting, pumping, escaping, leaching, dumping, or disposing of any contaminant.

"Representative sample" means a sample that can be expected to exhibit the average properties of the sample source.

(("Reserved" means a section having no requirements and which is set aside for future possible rule making as a note to the regulated community.))

"Reusable containers" means containers that are used more than once to handle solid waste, such as garbage cans.

"Runoff" means any rainwater, leachate or other liquid that drains over land from any part of the facility.

"Run-on" means any rainwater or other liquid that drains over land onto any part of a facility.

"Scavenging" means the removal of materials at a ((disposal)) facility, ((or intermediate solid waste-handling facility,)) without the approval of the owner or operator and the jurisdictional health department.

"Seismic impact zone" means an area with a ten percent or greater probability that the maximum horizontal acceleration in lithified earth material, expressed as a percentage of the earth's gravitational pull, will exceed 0.10g in two hundred fifty years.

"Setback" means that part of a facility that lies between the active area and the property boundary.

"Sewage sludge" means solid, semisolid, or liquid residue generated during the treatment of domestic sewage in a treatment works. Sewage sludge includes, but is not limited to, domestic septage; scum or solids removed in primary, secondary, or advanced wastewater treatment processes; and a material derived from sewage sludge. Sewage sludge does not include ash generated during the firing of sewage sludge in a sewage sludge incinerator or grit and screenings generated during preliminary treatment of domestic sewage in a treatment works.

"Soil" means material overlying bedrock consisting primarily of clay, silt, sand, or gravel size particles, and soil biota, that may contain de minimis amounts of other solid materials, such as incidental pieces of concrete or wood. Soil does not include dredged material. Cured concrete and asphalt are not soil.

"Soil amendment" means any substance that is intended to improve the physical characteristics of soil, except composted material, commercial fertilizers, agricultural liming agents, unmanipulated animal manures, unmanipulated vegetable manures, food wastes, food processing wastes, and materials exempted by rule of the department, such as biosolids as defined in chapter 70.95J RCW, Municipal sewage sludge—Biosolids, and wastewater, as regulated in chapter 90.48 RCW, Water pollution control.

"Solid waste," "waste materials," or "wastes" means all putrescible and nonputrescible solid and semisolid wastes including, but not limited to, garbage, rubbish, ashes, industrial wastes, swill, sewage sludge, demolition and construction wastes, abandoned vehicles or parts thereof, contaminated soils and contaminated dredged material, and recyclable materials. See WAC 173-350-021 to determine if a material is solid waste.

"Solid waste handling" means the management, storage, collection, transportation, treatment, use, processing or final disposal of solid wastes, including the recovery and recycling of materials from solid wastes, the recovery of energy resources from ((such)) wastes or the conversion of the energy in ((such)) wastes to more useful forms or combinations thereof.

"Solid waste handling unit" means discrete areas of land, sealed surfaces, liner systems, excavations, facility structures, or other appurtenances within a facility used for solid waste handling.

"Source separation" means the separation of different kinds of solid waste at the place where the waste originates.

"Specified risk material" means the skull, brain, trigeminal ganglia (nerves attached to brain and close to the skull exterior), eyes, spinal cord, distal ileum (a part of the small intestine), and the dorsal root ganglia (nerves attached to the spinal cord and close to the vertebral column) of cattle aged thirty months or older.

"Storage" means the holding of solid waste materials for a temporary period.

"Surface impoundment" means a facility or part of a facility ((which is a natural topographic depression, man-made excavation, or diked area formed primarily of earthen materials (although it may be lined with man-made materials), and which is)) designed to ((hold))contain an accumulation of liquids or sludges, and whose structural support is provided primarily by earthen materials. The term includes holding, storage, settling, and aeration pits, ponds, or lagoons, but does not include injection wells or infiltration basins.

"Surface water" means all lakes, rivers, ponds, wetlands, streams, inland waters, salt waters and all other surface water and surface water courses within the jurisdiction of the state of Washington.

"Tank" means a ((stationary device))facility or part of a facility designed to contain an accumulation of liquids or ((semisolid materials meeting the definition of solid waste or leachate, and which is constructed primarily of nonearthen materials to provide structural support.

"Throughput" means the amount of incoming feedstocks in tons or cubic yards that a solid waste facility processes in a given amount of time, such as a calendar year. Throughput is identified by the conditions of exemption, the permit, or the plan of operations as approved by the jurisdictional health department or the department))sludges, and designed and constructed of materials with sufficient strength so that its walls can be self-supporting.

"Tip floor" or "tipping floor" means the receiving area for incoming waste at a transfer station, material recovery facility, or recycling facility where vehicles unload waste materials prior to processing or consolidation for transport. A container into which waste is directly deposited, such as a drop box, is not a tipping floor.

"Transfer station" means a ((permanent, fixed, supplemental collection and transportation)) facility((, used by))that receives solid waste (e.g., municipal solid waste, contaminated soil, or other solid wastes) from off-site from persons ((and))or route collection vehicles ((to deposit collected solid waste from off-site into a larger))for consolidation into transfer vehicles, vessels, or containers for transport to a solid waste handling facility.

"Treatment" means the physical, chemical, or biological processing of solid waste to make ((such)) solid wastes safer for storage or disposal, amenable for recycling or energy recovery, or reduced in volume.

"Twenty-five-year storm" means a storm of twenty-four hours duration and of such an intensity that it has a four percent probability of being equaled or exceeded each year.

"Universal wastes" means universal wastes as defined in chapter 173-303 WAC, Dangerous waste regulations. Universal wastes include, but may not be limited to, dangerous waste batteries, mercury-containing thermostats, and universal waste lamps generated by fully regulated dangerous waste generators or CESQGs.

"Unstable area" means a location that is susceptible to forces capable of impairing the integrity of the facility's liners, monitoring system or structural components. Unstable areas can include poor foundation conditions and areas susceptible to mass movements.

"Vadose zone" means that portion of a geologic formation in which soil pores contain some water, the pressure of that water is less than atmospheric pressure, and the formation occurs above the zone of saturation.

"Vector" means a living animal((,)) including, but not limited to, insects, rodents, and birds, which is capable of transmitting an infectious disease from one organism to another.

"Vermicomposting" means the controlled and managed process by which live worms convert organic residues into dark, fertile, granular excrement.

"Waste tires" means any tires that are no longer suitable for their original intended purpose because of wear, damage or defect. ((Used))Waste tires include tires((, which were)) originally intended for use on public highways that are considered unsafe for this use in accordance with RCW 46.37.425((, are waste tires)). Waste tires also include quantities of used tires that may be suitable for their original intended purpose when mixed with tires ((considered unsafe per RCW 46.37.425))not suitable for their original intended purpose.

"Wetlands" means those areas that are inundated or saturated by surface or groundwater at a frequency and duration sufficient to support, and under normal circumstances do support, a prevalence of vegetation typically adapted for life in saturated soil conditions. Wetlands generally include swamps, marshes, bogs, and similar areas.

"Wood derived fuel" means wood pieces or particles used as a fuel for energy recovery, which contain paint, bonding agents, or creosote. Wood derived fuel does not include wood pieces or particles coated with paint that contains lead or mercury, or wood treated with other chemical preservatives such as pentachlorophenol, copper naphthenate, or copper-chrome-arsenate.

"Wood waste" means ((solid waste consisting of)) wood pieces or particles determined to be solid waste per WAC 173-350-021 generated ((as a by-product or waste from the manufacturing of wood products,))from construction, demolition, handling and storage of raw materials, trees ((and)), stumps, and manufacturing of wood products. This may include((s)), but is not limited to, sawdust, chips, shavings, bark, pulp, ((hogged fuel,)) and log sort yard waste, but does not include wood pieces or particles containing paint, laminates, bonding agents, or chemical preservatives such as creosote, pentachlorophenol, or copper-chrome-arsenate.

"Yard debris" means plant material commonly created in the course of maintaining yards and gardens and through horticulture, gardening, landscaping or similar activities. Yard debris includes, but is not limited to, grass clippings, leaves, branches, brush, weeds, flowers, roots, windfall fruit, and vegetable garden debris.

"Zone of saturation" means that part of a geologic formation in which soil pores are filled with water and the pressure of that water is equal to or greater than atmospheric pressure.

(1) Beneficial use permit exemptions - Applicability.((Any person may apply to the department for exemption from the permitting requirements of this chapter for beneficial use of solid waste. Applications for permit exemptions shall be prepared and submitted in accordance with the requirements of subsections (3) and (4) of this section. Upon the department's approval of an application for permit exemption, all approved beneficial use of solid waste shall be conducted in accordance with the terms and conditions for approval, as well as those general terms and conditions prescribed in subsection (2) of this section.

(2)))

(a) The following general terms and conditions apply to all permit exempt beneficial uses of solid waste approved by the department. All persons beneficially using solid waste approved for permit exemption in accordance with this section ((shall))must:

(i) Conduct the beneficial use in a manner that does not present a threat to human health or the environment;

(ii) Ensure that the material is not a dangerous waste regulated under chapter 173-303 WAC, Dangerous waste regulations;

(iii) Not dilute a waste, or the residual from treatment of a waste((,))in order to lessen contaminant concentrations inherent in the waste as a substitute for treatment or disposal;

(iv) ((Comply with all applicable federal, state, and local rules, regulations, requirements and codes, and local land use requirements;))Meet the performance standards of WAC 173-350-040;

(v) Immediately notify the department and the jurisdictional health department of any accidental release(s) of contaminants to the environment;

(vi) Separate wastes intended for beneficial use from other wastes that are ((destined))intended for disposal or other destination, prior to entering the location where the beneficial use will occur;

(vii) Manage the waste in a manner that controls vector attraction;

(viii) Ensure that solid waste being stored prior to being beneficially used is managed in accordance with the requirements of all applicable sections of this chapter unless alternative intermediate storage is approved by the department during the beneficial use exemption application review process;

(ix) Allow the department or the jurisdictional health department, at any reasonable time, to inspect the location where a permit exempt solid waste is stored or used to ensure compliance with applicable terms and conditions of this section; and

(x) Prepare and submit ((a copy of)) an annual report to the department by April 1st on forms supplied by the department. The annual report ((shall))must detail the activities of the exemption holder during the previous calendar year and ((shall))must include the following information:

(A) The permit exemption number applicable to the beneficial use activity;

(B) The name, address, and telephone number of the exemption holder;

(C) The amount of solid waste beneficially used;

(D) A certification that the nature of the waste and the operating practices have been in compliance with the terms and conditions of this section and the approved beneficial use permit exemption during the previous calendar year; and

(E) Any additional information ((that may be specified))required by the department ((under))as a condition of the beneficial use ((permit exemption))determination.

(b) In addition to the general terms and conditions established in (a) of this subsection, solid wastes applied to the land for agronomic value or soil amending capability under a beneficial use permit exemption ((shall))must:

(i) Provide an analysis of nutrients at a minimum to include organic nitrogen, nitrate-nitrogen, ammonium-nitrogen, total phosphorus, and total potassium, reported on a dry weight basis;

(v) Meet the standards for metals ((standards required))established by the Washington state department of agriculture (((WSDA))) for registered commercial fertilizers ((by following the procedures of WAC 16-200-7062 through 16-200-7064, Feeds, fertilizers, and livestock remedies))regulated under WAC 16-200-7061 through 16-200-7064, Fertilizers;

(((ii) Be applied))(vi) Apply at an application rate and in a manner that ensures protection of groundwater and surface water((. At a minimum, the application rate shall take into account the concentration of available nutrients and micronutrients in the soil amendment, other solid waste applied to the land, residual nutrients at the application site(s), additional sources of nutrients, pollutant loading rates, soil and waste pH, soil type, crop type and vertical separation from groundwater; and

(iii)))and does not exceed an application rate that would violate the Washington state department of agriculture standards for metals in fertilizers; and

(vii) Not be stored at an application site during periods when precipitation ((or)), wind, or other factors will cause migration from the storage area, unless the site is specifically designed to accommodate storage during these periods and storage is approved by the department during the permit exemption application process. The quantity stored at an application site ((shall))must not exceed the ((maximum))amount needed to meet the annual needs of the site based on the approved application rate. When a soil amendment is stored at an application site it ((shall))must not contain free liquid waste unless the requirements of WAC 173-350-330 are met or an alternative storage method is approved by the department during the permit exemption application process.

(c) The department may require a person operating under any exemption issued under this section to meet additional or more stringent requirements for protection of human health and the environment, or to ensure compliance with other applicable regulations:

(i) At the time the department approves an application for a beneficial use permit exemption; or

(ii) When new information becomes available that warrants additional protections, but in the opinion of the department does not necessitate revocation of the beneficial use permit exemption.

(d) The department ((shall))will notify ((in writing)) the exempted party and all jurisdictional health departments of any additional or more stringent requirements.

(((3) Beneficial use permit exemption - Initial application procedure. Any person(s) interested in obtaining a statewide exemption from solid waste permitting requirements for the beneficial use of a solid waste must demonstrate to the satisfaction of the department that the proposed use does not present a threat to human health and the environment. Applications shall be submitted to the department on a form supplied by the department. All application attachments and other submittals must be on paper no larger than 11 inch x 17 inch. The application shall at a minimum contain the following:

(l) Any additional information deemed necessary by the department.))

(4) Beneficial use permit exemptions - Secondary application procedure. Beneficial use permit exemptions, approved by the department in accordance with the procedures of subsection (5) of this section, are granted solely to the original applicant(s). Any person, other than the original applicant(s), interested in beneficially using solid waste pursuant to the terms and conditions of an existing permit exemption ((shall))must apply to the department by following the procedures described in subsection (((3)))(2) of this section.

(5) Beneficial use permit exemptions - ((Determination, revocation, and appeals))Public review process.

(a) ((The department shall review every application for completeness.)) Once an application is determined to be complete, the department ((shall))will:

(i) Notify the applicant that the application has been determined to be complete((.));

(ii) ((Forward a copy of))Notify all jurisdictional health departments, interested parties, representatives of the solid waste industry, and the Washington department of agriculture that a proposal is under consideration and provide access to the complete application and supporting documentation ((to all jurisdictional health departments for review and comment. Within forty-five calendar days, the jurisdictional health departments shall forward their comments and any other information that they deem relevant to the department.

(f)))via the department's web site for review and comment. Access to the proposal and supporting documentation will be available in hard copy or other format upon request;

(a) The department may require a person operating under any exemption covered by this section to apply to the jurisdictional health department for a solid waste handling permit under the applicable section of this chapter if:

(i) The exemption holder fails to comply with the terms and conditions of this section and the approval; or

(ii) The department determines that the exemption was obtained by misrepresenting or omitting any information that potentially could have affected the issuance or terms and conditions of an exemption; or

(iii) New information not previously considered or available as part of the application demonstrates to the department that management of the waste under a beneficial use permit exemption may present a threat to human health or the environment.

(((g)))(b) The department ((shall))will provide written notification to the exempted party and all jurisdictional health departments of any requirement to apply for a permit under this chapter. A person that is required by the department to apply for permit coverage ((shall))must immediately cease beneficial use activities until all necessary solid waste handling permits are issued.

(((h)))(c) The terms and conditions of subsection (((2)))(3)(a)(viii) of this section ((shall)) remain in effect until the solid waste handling permit process has been completed unless an administrative order issued under the authority of RCW 70.95.315 directs that use activities cease.

(((i)))(d) Any person that violates the terms and conditions of a beneficial use permit exemption issued under this section may be subject to the ((civil penalty))enforcement provisions of RCW 70.95.315.

(((j)))(e) Appeals of the department's decision to issue or deny or revoke a beneficial use permit exemption ((shall))must be made to the pollution control hearings board by filing with the hearings board a notice of appeal within thirty days of the decision of the department. The board's review of the decision ((shall))will be made in accordance with chapter 43.21B RCW, Environmental and land use hearings office—Pollution control hearings board, and any subsequent appeal of a decision of the board ((shall))must be made in accordance with RCW 43.21B.180. Persons that may appeal are:

(i) For waste derived soil amendments any aggrieved party may appeal((.)); and

(ii) For all other beneficial uses of solid waste any jurisdictional health department or the applicant may appeal.

(((6)))(7)Beneficial use permit exemptions - Solid waste exempt from permitting by rule. Reserved.

(1) Recycling and material recovery facilities - Applicability.

(a) These standards apply to recycling ((solid waste))and material recovery facilities.

(b) These standards do not apply to:

(((a)))(i) Storage((,))or treatment ((or recycling)) of solid waste in outdoor piles ((which are)) subject to WAC 173-350-320;

(((b)))(ii) Storage or recycling of solid waste in surface impoundments ((which are)) subject to WAC 173-350-330;

(((c)))(iii) Composting facilities subject to WAC 173-350-220;

(((d)))(iv) Solid waste that is beneficially used ((on the land that is subject to WAC))and approved in accordance with the procedures of WAC 173-350-200 or 173-350-230;

(((e)))(v) Storage of waste tires prior to recycling ((which is)) subject to WAC 173-350-350;

(((f)))(vi) Storage of moderate risk waste prior to recycling ((which is)) subject to WAC 173-350-360;

(((g)))(vii) Energy recovery or incineration of solid waste ((which is)) subject to WAC 173-350-240;

(((h) Intermediate solid waste handling facilities subject to WAC 173-350-310.))(viii) Anaerobic digesters subject to WAC 173-350-250;

(2) Recycling and material recovery facilities - Permit exemptions((and notification.

(a))). In accordance with RCW 70.95.305, recycling ((of solid waste is subject solely to the requirements of (b) of this subsection and is))and material recovery facilities managed in accordance with the terms and conditions of Table 210-A of this subsection are exempt from solid waste handling permitting. ((Any person engaged in recycling that does not comply with the terms and conditions of (b) of this subsection is required to obtain a permit from the jurisdictional health department in accordance with the requirements of WAC 173-350-490.))If a facility does not operate in compliance with the terms and conditions established for an exemption under this subsection, the facility may be subject to the permitting requirements for solid waste handling under this chapter. In addition, violations of the terms and conditions of (((b) of)) this subsection may be subject to the ((penalty))enforcement provisions of RCW 70.95.315.

(((b) Recycling shall be conducted in conformance with the following terms and conditions in order to maintain permit exempt status:

(D) Any additional information required by written notification of the department.))

(1) Composting facilities - Applicability.

(a) ((This section applies))These standards apply to all facilities that treat solid waste by composting. ((This section does))

(b) These standards do not apply to:

(i) Methods of managing organic materials that are excluded from the solid waste handling standards in WAC 173-350-020;

(ii) Composting used as a treatment for contaminated soil((s))or contaminated dredged material regulated under WAC 173-350-320 or 173-350-490;

(iii) Anaerobic digesters regulated under WAC 173-350-250, or treatment of other liquid or solid wastes in digesters regulated under WAC 173-350-330;

(iv) Composting of bovine and equine carcasses for producers subject to RCW 70.95.306. Producers that fail to meet the conditions of RCW 70.95.306 will be required to obtain a solid waste handling permit from the jurisdictional health department and must comply with all other conditions of this chapter; and

(v) Composting biosolids when managed under chapter 173-308 WAC, Biosolids management.

(((b)))(2) Composting facilities – Permit exemptions. In accordance with RCW 70.95.305, conditionally exempt facilities composting materials and volumes in Table 220-A must meet the conditions listed in Table 220-A, and (((c)))(a) through (e) of this subsection to be conditionally exempt from solid waste handling permitting. Feedstocks not listed in Table 220-A must be approved by the department and jurisdictional health department. For the purposes of this subsection, "material on-site at any one time" includes feedstocks, active composting, curing piles, and composted materials. An owner or operator that does not comply with the terms and conditions of Table 220-A and (((c)))(a) of this subsection is required to obtain a permit from the jurisdictional health department and must comply with all other applicable requirements of this chapter. Violations of the terms and conditions of Table 220-A and (((c)))(a) of this subsection may be subject to the ((penalty))enforcement provisions of RCW 70.95.315.

(((c) Composting operations managing the types and volumes of materials identified in Table 220-A must meet the following terms and conditions to maintain their exempt status:

(i)))(a) Comply with the performance standards of WAC 173-350-040;

(((ii)))(b) Manage the operation to prevent the migration of agricultural pests identified by local horticultural pest and disease control boards, as applicable;

(((iii)))(c) Control nuisance odors to prevent migration beyond property boundaries;

(((iv)))(d) Manage the operation to prevent attraction of flies, rodents, and other vectors; and

(((v)))(e) Allow the department or the jurisdictional health department to inspect the site at reasonable times.

(((2)))(3)Composting facilities - Permit requirements - Location((standards (permit requirements))). There are no specific location standards for composting facilities subject to this chapter; however, composting facilities must meet the ((requirements of other federal, state, or local laws and regulations that apply under))performance standards of WAC 173-350-040(((5))).

(((3)))(4)Composting facilities - Permit requirements - Design((standards (permit requirements))). Composting facilities must be designed and constructed to meet the requirements of this subsection.

(a) Composting facilities must be designed and constructed such that:

(i) The facility can be operated to meet the performance standards((requirements in))of WAC 173-350-040; and

(ii) The facility can be operated to promote controlled, aerobic decomposition. This requirement is intended to ensure that compost facility designers take into account porosity, nutrient balance, pile oxygen, pile moisture, pile temperature, and retention time of composting when designing a facility. It is not intended to mandate forced aeration or any other specific composting technology.

(b) The owner or operator of a composting facility must prepare and provide to the jurisdictional health department engineering reports, engineering plans, and engineering specifications that address the design standards of this subsection. The engineering documents must be prepared by ((an))a professional engineer ((licensed))registered in the state of Washington, and must include:

(i) An engineering report that presents the design basis and calculations for the engineered features of the facility including, but not limited to: Pad, impoundments, stormwater management features, leachate management features, and aeration and emission control features as required by the permitting air authority where applicable. The engineering report must demonstrate that the proposed design will meet the performance standards of this chapter;

(ii) Scale drawings of the facility including the location and size of feedstock and composted material storage areas, compost processing areas, fixed equipment, buildings, stormwater management features where applicable, access roads, traffic patterns, and other constructed areas and buildings integral to facility operation;

(iii) Design specifications for the engineered features of the facility including, but not limited to, pads, stormwater management features, leachate management features, and aeration and emission management features as required by a permitting air authority where applicable; and

(iv) A construction quality assurance plan that describes monitoring, testing, and documentation procedures that will be performed during construction of the facility to ensure the facility is constructed in accordance with the approved design.

(c) When operations require public access, all-weather roads must be provided from the highway or roads to and within the compost facility and must be designed and maintained to prevent traffic congestion, traffic hazards, dust, and noise pollution.

(d) Compost facilities must manage stormwater and leachate to meet the standards of this section and of any and all federal, state, and local water and air quality permits.

(e) Composting facilities must minimize the production of leachate and runoff by designing stormwater management features such as run-on prevention systems, which may include covered areas (roofs), diversion swales, ditches, or other features designed to divert stormwater from areas of feedstock preparation, active composting, and curing.

(i) Composting facilities must manage any leachate generated at the facility by providing leachate management features. The leachate management features include, but are not limited to, leachate collection, conveyance, and storage structures, or treatment systems. Leachate must be collected from areas of feedstock storage and preparation, active composting, and curing, and be conveyed to a leachate storage structure or treatment system. Any discharges to ground that result in contaminants migrating to groundwater require a waste discharge permit under chapter 90.48 RCW, Water pollution control, prior to discharge. Discharges to ground that result in degradation of groundwater quality are prohibited under chapter 90.48 RCW, Water pollution control. Any discharge to sanitary sewer requires additional permitting by the local delegated authority or department;

(ii) Stormwater and leachate collection and conveyance structures must be designed based on the volume of water resulting from a twenty-five-year storm event ((as defined in WAC 173-350-100));

(iii) Leachate storage structures such as ponds or tanks must be of adequate capacity to store the normal maximum volume of leachate generated by the facility. The normal maximum volume will be established based on the following conditions:

(A) Facility design;

(B) Normal climatic precipitation and evaporation data for the location of the facility;

(C) Monthly leachate reuse or removal; and

(D) A factor of safety to accommodate variability of actual conditions from normal conditions.

(iv) Leachate holding ponds and tanks must be designed according to the following:

(A) Leachate ponds at registered dairies must meet Natural Resources Conservation Service standards for a waste storage facility in the 2001 (revised June 2011) Washington Field Office Technical Guide (Code 313).

(B) Leachate ponds at composting facilities other than registered dairies must be designed to meet the following requirements:

(I) Have a liner consisting of a minimum 30-mil thickness geomembrane on a subgrade that provides sufficient bearing capacity to support the liner and the contents of the pond. A liner constructed with a high density polyethylene geomembrane must be at least 60-mil thick to allow for proper welding. The jurisdictional health department may approve the use of an alternative liner design if the owner or operator can demonstrate during the permitting process that the proposed design will prevent migration of solid waste constituents or leachate into the ground or surface waters at least as effectively as the liners described in this subsection;

(II) Have dikes and slopes designed to maintain their structural integrity under conditions of a leaking liner and capable of withstanding erosion from wave action, overfilling, or precipitation;

(III) Have freeboard (distance between the liquid level and the top of the pond) equal to or greater than eighteen inches to avoid overtopping from wave action, overfilling, or precipitation. The jurisdictional health department may reduce the freeboard requirement ((provided that))if other engineering controls are in place that prevent overtopping. These engineering controls must be specified during the permitting process; and

(IV) Leachate ponds that have the potential to impound more than ten-acre feet (three million two hundred fifty-nine thousand gallons) of liquid measured from the top of the dike and which would be released by a failure of the containment dike must be reviewed and approved by the dam safety section of the department.

(C) Tanks used to store leachate must meet design standards in WAC 173-350-330 (((3)))(4)(b).

(f) Incoming feedstocks, active composting, and curing materials must be placed on pads that prevent contamination of soil or groundwater underlying or adjacent to the pads. Pads must meet the following requirements:

(i) All pads must be curbed or graded in a manner to prevent ponding, to control run-on and runoff, and to separately collect and convey all stormwater and leachate to separate storage or holding systems. Stormwater that is combined with leachate must be managed as leachate in accordance with this section;

(ii) All pads must be constructed on subgrades that provide sufficient bearing capacity to support the weight of the pad, the materials placed on them, and the equipment used in handling the materials;

(iii) The entire surface area of the pad must be designed to maintain its structural and hydraulic integrity against loads resulting from any machinery used for feedstock and compost handling activities, and from surface wear or damage caused by feedstock and compost handling, or by active composting at the facility;

(iv) The pad may be constructed of materials such as concrete (with sealed joints), asphaltic concrete, or soil cement that prevents subsurface soil and groundwater contamination; and

(v) The jurisdictional health department may allow pads for compost facilities to be designed and constructed with materials other than those listed in (f)(iv) of this subsection, provided the applicant demonstrates in the engineering report to the jurisdictional health department's and the department's satisfaction that the alternative pad provides sufficient protection to meet the performance standards of this section and of WAC 173-350-040.

(((4)))(5)Composting facilities - ((Operating standards (permit requirements)))Permit requirements – Documentation.Within thirty days of completing construction, the owner or operator of a composting facility must provide copies of the construction record drawings for engineered features at the facility and a report documenting facility construction, including the results of observations and testing carried out as part of the construction quality assurance plan, to the jurisdictional health department and the department. Facilities must not begin operating until the jurisdictional health department has determined that the construction was completed in accordance with the approved engineering report, plans, and specifications and has approved the construction documentation in writing. The jurisdictional health department has thirty days after receiving complete construction records to provide its determination.

(6) Composting facilities – Permit requirements – Operating. The owner or operator of a composting facility must:

(a) Operate the facility to:

(i) Control air contaminants such as dust and nuisance odors to prevent other contaminants from migrating beyond property boundaries in accordance with WAC 173-350-040(((4)))(3);

(ii) Prevent the attraction of vectors;

(iii) Prevent the migration of agricultural pests identified by local pest and disease control boards, as applicable;

(iv) Ensure access to the facility is restricted when the facility is closed;

(v) Ensure that only feedstocks identified in the approved plan of operation are accepted at the facility;

(vi) Ensure the facility operates under the supervision and control of a properly trained individual(s) during all hours of operation:

(A) Facility supervisors responsible for daily operation must receive training, or be able to document prior training, in the basics of composting within the first year of supervising the facility. Training must consist of classroom and hands-on course work and conclude with a certificate of completion that must be kept on-site at all times. Appropriate compost training can be obtained through organizations such as the Washington organic recycling council, the Solid Waste Association of North America, the U.S. Composting Council, or other training as approved by the jurisdictional health department((.)); and

(B) Ensure facility employees are trained in appropriate facility operations, maintenance procedures, and safety and emergency procedures according to individual job duties and according to an approved plan of operation. A trained supervisor may provide appropriate training to employees responsible for daily operations.

(vii) Implement and document pathogen reduction activities. Documentation must include compost pile temperatures representative of the composting materials, and notation of turnings as appropriate, based on the composting method used. Pathogen reduction activities must at a minimum include the following:

(A) In vessel composting - The temperature of the active compost pile must be maintained at fifty-five degrees Celsius (one hundred thirty-one degrees Fahrenheit) or higher for three consecutive days (seventy-two hours); or

(B) Aerated static pile must have a cover such as a synthetic material or a layer of finished compost to ensure that pathogen reduction temperatures are reached and vectors are controlled(( -)). The temperature of the active compost pile must be maintained at fifty-five degrees Celsius (one hundred thirty-one degrees Fahrenheit) or higher for three consecutive days (seventy-two hours); or

(C) Windrow composting - The temperature of the active compost pile must be maintained at fifty-five degrees Celsius (one hundred thirty-one degrees Fahrenheit) or higher for fifteen days or longer. During the period when the compost is maintained at fifty-five degrees Celsius (one hundred thirty-one degrees Fahrenheit) or higher, there must be a minimum of five turnings of the windrow; or

(D) An alternative method of composting that can be demonstrated by the owner or operator to achieve an equivalent reduction of human pathogens.

(viii) Monitor the composting process according to the plan of operation submitted during the permitting process. Monitoring must include inspection of incoming loads of feedstocks and pathogen reduction requirements of (a)(vii) of this subsection;

(ix) Collect composted material samples for analysis that are representative of the pile. Use a sampling method such as described in the U.S. Composting Council 2002 Test Methods for the Examination of Composting and Compost, Method 02.01-A through E; and

(x) Analyze composted material for metals and other testing parameters listed in Table 220-B.

(A) The jurisdictional health department may require additional tests for metals and contaminants;

(B) Testing frequency is based on amount of composted material produced. A representative sample of composted material must be tested for every 5,000 cubic yards produced, or every three hundred sixty-five days, whichever is more frequent. The jurisdictional health department may modify the frequency of testing based on historical data for a particular facility;

(C) Composted material meeting the conditions of subsection (((4)))(6)(a)(x) and (g) of this section can be stored off of a pad.

(b) Inspect the facility to prevent malfunctions and deterioration, operator errors and discharges that may cause or lead to the release of waste to the environment or a threat to human health. Inspections must be conducted at least weekly, unless an alternate schedule is approved by the jurisdictional health department as part of the permitting process.

(c) For compost facilities with leachate holding ponds, conduct regular liner inspections at least once every five years, unless an alternate schedule is approved by the jurisdictional health department as part of the permitting process. The frequency of inspections must be specified in the operations plan and must be based on the type of liner, expected service life of the material, and the site-specific service conditions:

(i) Inspect the liner for degradation and ruptures of the liner material and for failure of any seams or joints in the liner material. If the maximum wetted extent of the liner geomembrane cannot be directly inspected visually, then the liner must be tested for leaks by electrical leak detection survey methods. If leaks, degradation, or ruptures of the liner material are detected, the liner must be repaired; and

(ii) The jurisdictional health department must be given sufficient notice and have the opportunity to be present during liner inspections. An inspection record must be kept at the facility or other convenient location if permanent office facilities are not on-site, for at least five years from the date of inspection. Inspection records must be available to the jurisdictional health department upon request.

(d) Maintain operating records of the following:

(i) Daily temperatures representative of compost piles;

(ii) Additional process monitoring data as prescribed in the plan of operation;

(iii) Results of analyses for composted materials as required in (a)(x) of this subsection and Table 220-B; and

(iv) Facility inspection reports must be maintained in the operating record. Significant deviations from the plan of operation must be noted in the operating record. Records must be kept for a minimum of five years and must be available upon request by the jurisdictional health department.

(e) Prepare and submit ((a copy of)) an annual report to the jurisdictional health department and the department by April 1st of each calendar year on forms provided by the department. The annual report must detail the facility's activities during the previous calendar year and must include the following information:

(i) Name and address of the facility;

(ii) Calendar year covered by the report;

(iii) Annual quantity and type of feedstocks received and compost produced, in cubic yards or tons;

(iv) Annual quantity of composted material sold or distributed, in cubic yards or tons;

(v) Annual summary of laboratory analysis of composted material; and

(vi) Any additional information required by the jurisdictional health department as a condition of the permit.

(f) Develop, keep, and follow a plan of operation approved as part of the permitting process. The plan of operation must convey to site personnel the concept of operation intended by the designer. The plan of operation must be kept on-site and be available for inspection at the request of the jurisdictional health department. If necessary, the plan must be modified with the approval, or at the direction of the jurisdictional health department. Each plan of operation must include the following:

(i) List of feedstocks to be composted, including a general description of the source of feedstocks. Feedstocks must be approved by the department or jurisdictional health department;

(ii) A plan to control air contaminants such as dust and nuisance odors to prevent contaminants from migrating beyond property boundaries in accordance with WAC 173-350-040(((4)))(3), including:

(A) A description of how staff will document and respond to nuisance odor complaints should they arise. The plan must include date and time of complaints, weather conditions, and operations at the facility at the time of the complaint, and a summary of actions taken;

(B) A description of facility and operational features to prevent nuisance odors beyond the facility's property boundary, as determined by the jurisdictional health department, the department, or the air authority. The description must address the receiving, composting, curing, and storage areas of the facility;

(C) A description of facility maintenance activities that encompass nuisance odor prevention and control, such as acquiring critical odor control backup equipment in the event of a breakdown, a schedule for purging aeration lines and changing biofilter media as appropriate, and a schedule for cleaning leachate ponds or leachate storage tanks as appropriate; and

(D) A description of how feedstocks with high moisture or the potential for high odors will be managed to reduce nuisance odors upon receipt, and through the composting process.

(iii) A description of how wastes and organic materials including incoming feedstocks, composting, curing, and composted materials are to be handled on-site during the facility's active life, including:

(A) Maximum site capacity in cubic yards for all materials on-site at any one time. The jurisdictional health department may require cumulative capacity for materials or separate capacities for incoming feedstocks, composting, curing, and composted materials, or any combination;

(B) ((Throughput))Processing capacity in tons or cubic yards of solid waste feedstocks processed in a given amount of time. The jurisdictional health department may require monthly or annual ((throughput))processing capacity;

(C) Procedures and criteria for ensuring that only the feedstocks described will be accepted. This includes a plan for rejecting feedstocks contaminated with greater than five percent physical contaminants by volume, or a plan to accept and separate contaminated loads from noncontaminated loads, and reduce physical contaminants to an acceptable level prior to composting;

(D) Procedure to reduce physical contaminants in composted material to meet testing parameters in Table 220-B. Grinding to reduce the size of physical contaminants does not meet the requirements of this section;

(I) Compost facilities must provide a label or information sheet to purchasers of compost that exceeds .1((%))percent film plastic by weight but does not exceed .25((%))percent film plastic by weight. The label or information sheet must include the statement in subsection (4)(f)(iii)(D)(II) of this section, or equivalent language approved by jurisdictional health department or the department.

(II) "This compost does not meet Department of Ecology standards for film plastic content for unrestricted use. This compost may only be used in locations where a means of removing or containing the film plastic on-site is put in place promptly after use. Acceptable controls include removal from the site, incorporation, planting, covering with soil or another media, or containment in a compost sock or similar device. This product may not be used adjacent to regulated waters of the state (e.g., wetlands, streams, lakes) or in environmentally sensitive areas."

(E) Procedures for handling unacceptable wastes;

(F) A discussion on types and amounts of feedstocks including basic calculations showing that the facility will be able to achieve an acceptable mix of materials for efficient decomposition;

(G) Material flow plan describing general procedures to manage all materials on-site from incoming feedstock to composted material;

(H) A description of equipment, including equipment to add water to compost as necessary;

(I) Compost process monitoring plan, including compost mix (carbon to nitrogen ratio), temperature, moisture, and porosity;

(J) Pathogen reduction plan;

(K) Representative sampling and analysis plan for the composted material such as described in the 2002 U.S. Composting Council Test Methods for the Examination of Composting and Compost Method 02.01-A through E;

(L) Leachate management plan, including monthly precipitation and evaporation data, and if applicable, monthly leachate reuse or removal; and

(M) Stormwater management plan.

(iv) A description of how equipment, structures, and other systems are to be inspected and maintained, including the frequency of inspections and inspection logs;

(v) A description of how facility staff will receive appropriate training in the operation of the facility, including how they will be trained to identify nuisance odors and how to correct them;

(vi) A community relations plan describing how the owner or operator will document and manage complaints;

(vii) Safety, fire, and emergency plans;

(viii) Forms for recordkeeping of daily volumes or weights of incoming feedstocks by type, outgoing composted material, and process monitoring results; and

(ix) Other details to demonstrate that the facility will be operated in accordance with this subsection and as required by the jurisdictional health department.

(g) Manage composted material piles that have met the testing parameters in Table 220-B in the following manner:

(i) Comply with the performance standards of WAC 173-350-040; ((and))

(ii) Minimize and control runoff from composted material piles through the use of covers, diversion swales, berms, ditches, or other features designed to prevent runoff and divert stormwater from compost material; and

(iii) Minimize odor by maintaining porosity of composted material piles and managing moisture levels in composted material piles, not to exceed sixty percent moisture.

(((5)))(7)Composting facilities - Permit requirements - Groundwater monitoring((requirements (permit requirements))). There are no specific groundwater monitoring requirements for composting facilities subject to this chapter; however, composting facilities must meet the ((requirements of other federal, state, or local laws and regulations that apply under))performance standards of WAC 173-350-040(((5))).

(((6)))(8)Composting facilities - Permit requirements - Closure((requirements (permit requirements))). The owner or operator of a composting facility must:

(a) Notify the jurisdictional health department sixty days in advance of closure. At closure, the facility owner or operator is financially responsible for the removal of all solid waste, including but not limited to, raw or partially composted feedstocks, composted material and leachate from the facility. The materials must be sent to another facility that complies with the applicable regulations for handling the waste((.)); and

(b) Develop, keep, and follow a closure plan approved by the jurisdictional health department as part of the permitting process. At a minimum, the closure plan must include methods of removing solid waste, leachate, and other organic materials from the facility. For planning purposes, assume that the facility is at full, permitted site capacity at the time of closure.

(((7)))(9)Composting facilities - Permit requirements - Financial assurance((requirements (permit requirements))). There are no specific financial assurance requirements for composting facilities subject to this chapter; however, composting facilities must meet the ((requirements of other federal, state, or local laws and regulations that apply under))performance standards of WAC 173-350-040(((5))).

(((8)))(10)Composting facilities - Permit application contents(((permit requirements))). The owner or operator of a composting facility must obtain a solid waste permit from the jurisdictional health department. All applications for permits must be submitted in accordance with the procedures established in WAC 173-350-710. In addition to the requirements of WAC 173-350-710 and 173-350-715, each application for a permit must contain:

(a) Engineering reports, plans, and specifications that address the design standards of subsections(((3)))(4) and (5) of this section;

(b) A plan of operation meeting the requirements of subsection (((4)))(6) of this section; and

(c) A closure plan meeting the requirements of subsection (((6)))(8) of this section.

(((9) Composting facilities - Construction records(permit requirements). Within thirty days of completing construction, the owner or operator of a composting facility must provide copies of the construction record drawings for engineered facilities at the site and a report documenting facility construction, including the results of observations and testing carried out as part of the construction quality assurance plan, to the jurisdictional health department and the department. Facilities must not begin operating until the jurisdictional health department has determined that the construction was completed in accordance with the approved engineering report, plans, and specifications and has approved the construction documentation in writing. The jurisdictional health department has thirty days after receiving complete construction records to provide its determination.

(10)))(11)Composting facilities - Designation of composted materials(((permit requirements))). When used on-site or distributed off-site, composted materials meeting the testing parameters of Table 220-B are no longer subject to this chapter. Composted materials that do not meet these requirements are solid waste and subject to management under chapter 70.95 RCW, Solid waste management—Reduction and recycling.

(1) In accordance with RCW 70.95.305, activities identified in this section are exempt from solid waste handling permitting when in compliance with the terms and conditions of this section. Any person engaged in the activities in this section that does not comply with the terms and conditions of this section is required to obtain a permit from the jurisdictional health department in accordance with the requirements of WAC 173-350-490. In addition, violations of the terms and conditions of this ((subsection))section may be subject to the ((penalty))enforcement provisions of RCW 70.95.315.

(2) Facilities managing under the rules and volumes of material described in Table 225-A above are conditionally exempt facilities when they meet the following conditions:

(a) Comply with the performance standards((,))of WAC 173-350-040;

(b) Allow inspections by the department and/or jurisdictional health department at reasonable times to verify compliance with the conditions specified in this subsection;

(c) Manage the operation to prevent attraction of flies, rodents, and other vectors;

(d) Control nuisance odors to prevent migration beyond property boundaries; and

(e) Manage the operation to prevent the migration of agricultural pests identified by local horticultural pest and disease control boards, as applicable.

(1) Land application - Applicability.((This section applies))

(a) These standards apply to solid waste that is beneficially used on the land through application at an agronomic rate, as a soil amendment, or for ((its agronomic value, or soil-amending capability, including)) land reclamation. ((This section does))

(b) These standards do not apply to:

(((a) The application of commercial fertilizers registered with the Washington state department of agriculture as provided in RCW 15.54.325, and which are applied in accordance with the standards established in RCW 15.54.800(3);

(e) Waste derived soil amendments))(i) Land application of manure and bedding, crop residue, and on-farm vegetative waste at agronomic rates as excluded under WAC 173-350-020;

(ii) Land application of solid waste exempted from permitting under WAC 173-350-200; ((and

(f)))

(iii) Solid waste used to improve the engineering characteristics of soil;

(vi) Land application of digestate meeting the terms and conditions for permit exemption or permitting requirements of WAC 173-350-250.

(2) Land application – Permit exemptions. There are no permit exemptions for land application.

(3)Land application – Permit requirements - Location((standards)). There are no specific location standards for land application of solid waste subject to this chapter; however, land application sites must meet the ((requirements provided under))performance standards of WAC 173-350-040(((5))).

(((3)))(4)Land application – Permit requirements - Design((standards)). There are no specific design standards for land application of solid waste subject to this chapter; however, land application sites must meet the ((requirements provided under))performance standards of WAC 173-350-040(((5))).

(((4)))(5)Land application - ((Operating standards))Permit requirements – Documentation. There are no specific engineering or construction documentation requirements; however, land application sites must meet the performance standards of WAC 173-350-040.

(6) Land application – Permit requirements – Operation. The owner or operator of a land application site ((shall))must:

(a) Operate the site in compliance with the performance standards of WAC 173-350-040((. The jurisdictional health department shall determine the need for environmental monitoring to ensure compliance with the performance standards))and this section. In addition the owner or operator ((shall:

(a) Operate the site to ensure that))must develop, keep, and follow a plan of operation approved as part of the permitting process. The plan of operation must be available for inspection at the request of the jurisdictional health department. If necessary, the plan may be modified with the approval, or at the direction of the jurisdictional health department. Each plan of operation must include the following:

(i) A description of the types of solid wastes to be land applied;

(x) For waste stored in piles ((on))at the land application site, a description of how the owner or operator will ensure that:

(A) Contamination of groundwater, surface water, air, and land during storage ((and in case of fire or flood)) is prevented;

(B) The potential for combustion within the pile ((and the potential for combustion from other sources)) is minimized;

(C) The duration of ((on-site waste)) storage of the entire pile is limited to one year and limited to the amount that will be applied to the site during a one-year period according to the plan of operation, or less if the jurisdictional health department believes it is necessary to prevent the contamination of groundwater, surface water, air ((and)), or land((; and

(b))). Subsequent accumulation under the same conditions is allowed at the same location after the entire pile has been used; and

(xiii) A description of how the owner or operator will maintain ((daily)) operating records of the location where waste is applied, amount and type of waste applied ((to the land)), the crop planted, and ((any additional))other nutrient inputs, including the form or computer printout used to record this information. Facility annual reports must be maintained in the operating record. Significant deviations from the plan of operation ((shall))must be noted in the operating record. Records ((shall))must be kept for a minimum of five years and ((shall)) be available upon request by the jurisdictional health department; and

(((c)))(xiv) Other details to demonstrate that the facility will be operated in accordance with this subsection and as required by the jurisdictional health department.

(b) Prepare and submit a copy of an annual report to the jurisdictional health department and the department by April 1st on forms supplied by the department. The annual report ((shall))must detail the land application activities during the previous calendar year and ((shall))must include the following information:

(i) ((Site))Address or legal description of where waste was land applied;

(ii) Calendar year covered by the report;

(iii) Annual ((quantity))quantities and types of waste ((received from each source))managed;

(iv) For each crop grown: The acreage used, the amount, type and source of each waste applied, the crop, and any additional nutrient inputs to the land, such as manure, biosolids, or commercial fertilizer;

(v) Quantity and type of any waste remaining in storage as of December 31st of the reporting year;

(vi) Any additional waste characterization information required to be obtained as a condition of the permit, and a summary report of that data;

(vii) Any environmental monitoring data required to be obtained as a condition of the permit, and a summary report of that data; and

(viii) Any additional information required by the jurisdictional health department as a condition of the permit((;

(vii) Other such details to demonstrate that the facility will be operated in accordance with this subsection and as required by the jurisdictional health department)).

(((5)))(7)Land application - Permit requirements - Groundwater monitoring((requirements)). There are no specific groundwater monitoring requirements for land application sites subject to this chapter; however, land application sites must meet the ((requirements provided under))performance standards of WAC 173-350-040(((5))).

(((6)))(8)Land application - Permit requirements - Closure ((requirements)). The owner or operator of all land application sites ((shall))must notify the jurisdictional health department sixty days in advance of closure. All land application sites ((shall))must be closed by applying all materials in storage in accordance with the permit, or by removing those materials to a facility that conforms to the applicable regulations for handling the waste.

(((7)))(9)Land application - Permit requirements - Financial assurance ((requirements)). There are no specific financial assurance requirements for land application sites subject to this chapter; however, land application sites must meet the ((requirements provided under))performance standards of WAC 173-350-040(((5))).

(((8)))(10)Land application - Permit application contents.

(a) The owner or operator of land application sites subject to this section ((shall))must obtain a solid waste permit from the jurisdictional health department. All applications for permits ((shall))must be submitted in accordance with the procedures established in WAC 173-350-710. In addition to the requirements of WAC 173-350-710 and 173-350-715, each application for a permit ((shall))must contain:

(i) Contact information, including name, contact person, mailing address, phone, fax, email for:

(A) Any person who generates waste that will be applied to the site;

(B) The person who is applying for a permit (the permit holder);

(C) The person who prepares the permit application; and

(D) The person who owns the site where the waste will be applied.

(ii) ((Statement of intended use. The permit application shall contain a clear explanation of the benefit to be obtained from land application of the material. Avoidance of disposal is not adequate justification for land application of solid waste.

(E))) An analysis of pollutant concentrations of the following reported on a dry weight basis:

(((I)))(A) Total arsenic;

(((II)))(B) Total barium;

(((III)))(C) Total cadmium;

(((IV)))(D) Total chromium;

(((V)))(E) Total copper;

(((VI)))(F) Total lead;

(((VII)))(G) Total mercury;

(((VIII)))(H) Total molybdenum;

(((IX)))(I) Total nickel;

(((X)))(J) Total selenium;

(((XI)))(K) Total zinc.

(((F)))(iii) An analysis of nutrients at a minimum to include ((total Kjeldahl))organic nitrogen, ((total)) nitrate-nitrogen, ((total ammonia- and)) ammonium-nitrogen, total phosphorus, and ((extractable))total potassium, reported on a dry weight basis;

(((G)))(iv) An analysis of physical/chemical parameters to include at a minimum: Total solids, ((total volatile solids,)) pH, ((electrical conductivity))soluble salts, total organic carbon;

(((H)))(v) A discussion of any pathogens known or suspected to be associated with this material, including those which can cause disease in plants, animals, or humans;

(((I) The concentration of fecal coliform bacteria expressed as CFU or MPN per gram of dry solid material; and

(J)))(vi) Any additional analysis required by the jurisdictional health department. The jurisdictional health department may reduce the analytical requirements of this section((. Methods of analysis are to be determined by the jurisdictional health department.

(iv)));

(vii) A ((comprehensive))land application site characterization including:

(A) A description of current practices and a brief description of past practices on the ((application)) site((, including application of wastes, soil amendments, manures, biosolids, liming agents, and other fertilization practices, livestock usage, irrigation practices, and crop history. Also indicate whether any management plan has been prepared for the site such as a farm, forest, or nutrient management plan. Discuss any potential changes to management practices at the site;

(B) A description of the climate at the application site including typical precipitation, precipitation of a twenty-five-year storm, as defined in WAC 173-350-100, temperatures, and seasonal variations));

(((C)))(B) A ((brief)) discussion of the potential for run-on and runoff, and typical depths to seasonal high groundwater. Runoff discussion must include direction of site drainage and identification of any surface water within one-quarter mile of the site;

(((D)))(C) An analysis of soil nutrients including ((residual nitrate))plant available nitrogen in the upper ((two))three feet of soil in one foot increments;

(((E)))(D) A site map showing property boundaries ((and ownership of)), adjacent properties and adjacent property uses, with the application areas clearly shown, and with the latitude and longitude of the approximate center of each land application site;

(((F)))(E) A topographic relief map of the site extending one-quarter mile beyond the site boundaries at a scale of 1:24,000 or other scale if specified by the jurisdictional health department;

(((G)))(F) Show the following information on either of the maps provided or on additional maps ((if needed)):

(I) Location of the site by street address, if applicable;

(II) The zoning classification of the site;

(III) The means of access to the site;

(IV) The size of the site in acres, and if applicable, the size of individual fields, units, and application areas;

(V) The location and size of any areas which will be used to store the waste;

(VI) ((Adjacent properties, uses, and their zoning classifications;

(VIII))) Any portion of the site that falls within a wellhead protection area;

(((IX)))(VII) Any seasonal or perennial surface water ((bodies)) located on the site or perennial surface water bodies within one-quarter mile of the site;

(((X)))(VIII) The location of all wells within one-quarter mile of the boundary of the application area ((which are listed in public records or otherwise known,)) whether for domestic, irrigation, or other purposes;

(((XI)))(IX) Any setback or buffer to surface water, property boundaries, or other feature, if proposed;

(((XII)))(X) The location of any critical areas or habitat identified under the Endangered Species Act, local growth management plans, habitat conservation plans, conservation reserve program, or local shoreline master program((;

(XIII) A copy of the Natural Resources Conservation Service soil survey map from the most recent edition of the soil survey that includes the distribution of soil types with an overlay of the site boundaries)); and

(((XIV)))(XI) A description of the soil type(s), textural classes, and soil depths present on the site as determined by the most recent edition of the Natural Resources Conservation Service soil survey or from actual field measurements.

(((v)))(viii) A plan of operation meeting the requirements of subsection (((4)))(6) of this section.

(b) Two or more areas of land under the same ownership or operational control which are not contiguous may be considered as one site for the purposes of permitting, if in the opinion of the jurisdictional health department the areas are sufficiently proximate and management practices are sufficiently similar that viewing them as one proposal would expedite the permit process without compromising the public interest. A jurisdictional health department may also require separate permits for a contiguous area of land if it finds that the character of a proposed site or management practices across the site are sufficiently different that the permit process and public interest would be best served by a more focused approach.

(1) Energy recovery and incineration facilities - Applicability.

(a) These standards apply to all facilities designed to burn more than twelve tons of solid waste ((or refuse-derived fuel)) per day.

(b) These standards do not apply to:

(i) Facilities that burn gases ((recovered at))from a landfill or solid waste digester((s.

(c)));

(2) Energy recovery and incineration facilities – Permit exemptions. In accordance with RCW 70.95.305, the combustion of ((wood waste, wood derived fuel, and wastewater treatment sludge generated from the manufacturing of wood pulp or paper, for the purpose of energy recovery is subject solely to the requirements of (d)(i) through (iv) of this subsection and is exempt from solid waste handling permitting. An owner or operator that does not comply with the terms and conditions of (d)(i) through (iv) of this subsection is required to obtain a permit from the jurisdictional health department and shall comply with all other applicable requirements of this chapter))waste materials in compliance with the terms and conditions of Table 240-A is exempt from the requirement to obtain a solid waste handling permit from the jurisdictional health department. If a facility does not operate in compliance with the terms and conditions established for an exemption under this subsection, the facility may be subject to the permitting requirements for solid waste handling under this chapter. In addition, violations of the terms and conditions of (((d)(i) through (iv) of)) this subsection may be subject to the ((penalty))enforcement provisions of RCW 70.95.315.

(((d) Owners and operators of all categorically exempt energy recovery facilities shall:

(2)))

(3)Energy recovery and incineration facilities – Permit requirements – Location ((standards)). There are no specific location standards for energy recovery or incineration facilities subject to this chapter; however, energy recovery and incineration facilities must meet the ((requirements provided under))performance standards of WAC 173-350-040(((5))).

(((3)))(4)Energy recovery and incineration facilities – Permit requirements - Design((standards. There are no specific design standards for)). Energy recovery ((or))and incineration facilities ((subject to this chapter; however, energy recovery and incineration facilities must meet the requirements provided under))must be designed so that the facility, including the following features, can be operated to meet the performance standards of WAC 173-350-040(((5))):

(b) The owner or operator must provide copies of the construction record drawings for engineered features at the facility and a report documenting facility construction, including the results of observations and any testing carried out as part of the construction quality assurance plan, to the jurisdictional health department and the department. The owner or operator must not commence operation in a newly constructed portion of the facility until the jurisdictional health department has determined that the construction was completed in accordance with the approved engineering report/plans and specifications and has approved the construction documentation in writing.

(((4)))(6)Energy recovery and incineration facilities – Permit requirements - Operating ((standards)). The owner or operator of an energy recovery or incineration facility ((shall))must:

(a) Operate the ((facility to:

(i)))site in compliance with the performance standards of WAC 173-350-040 and this section. In addition, the owner or operator must develop, keep, and follow a plan of operation approved as part of the permitting process. The plan of operation must be available for inspection at the request of the jurisdictional health department. If necessary, the plan shall be modified with the approval, or at the direction of the jurisdictional health department. Each plan of operation must include the following:

(C) Confine solid wastes prior to and after processing to specifically designed piles, surface impoundments, tanks or containers meeting the applicable standards of this chapter. Storage of wastes other than in the specifically designed storage compartments is prohibited. Equipment and space ((shall))must be provided in the storage and charging areas, and elsewhere as needed, to allow periodic cleaning as required to maintain the plant in a sanitary and clean condition;

(((ii)))(D) Manage solid wastes on-site during the facility's active life, including alternative storage, and/or disposal plans for all situations that would result in overfilling of the storage facility;

(E) Handle solid wastes, including combustion or other residues, in a manner that complies with this chapter; and

(((iii)))(F) Provide recyclable material collection at all facilities that accept municipal solid waste from the general public, self-haul residential, or commercial waste generators((; and

(iv) Ensure that dangerous waste is not disposed, treated, stored or otherwise handled, unless the requirements of chapter 173-303 WAC, Dangerous waste regulations, are met)).

(((b)))(v) Inspect the facility to prevent malfunctions and deterioration, operator errors and discharges that may lead to the release of wastes to the environment or cause a threat to human health. Inspections must address how equipment, structures and other systems, including leachate collection and gas collection equipment, are to be inspected and maintained. The owner or operator ((shall))must conduct these inspections as needed, but at least weekly, unless an alternate schedule is approved by the jurisdictional health department as part of the permitting process. Inspections must be recorded on an inspection form to be included in the plan of operation.

(((c)))(vi) A description of how operators will maintain ((daily)) operating records on the amounts (weights or volume) and types of waste((s)) received and removed from the facility, and number of vehicles delivering waste to the facility, including the form or computer printout used to record this information. Facility annual reports must be maintained in the operating record. Facility inspection reports ((shall))must be maintained in the operating record((. Significant)), including at least the date of inspection, the name and signature of the inspector, a notation of observations made, and the date and nature of any needed repairs or remedial action. The operator must notify the jurisdictional health department prior to any significant deviation from the plan of operation, and deviations ((from the plan of operation shall also))must be noted on the operating record. Records ((shall))must be ((maintained))kept for a minimum of five years and ((shall))must be available upon request by the jurisdictional health department;

(viii) Other such details to demonstrate that the facility will be operated in accordance with this chapter and as required by the jurisdictional health department.

(((d)))(b) Prepare and submit ((a copy of)) an annual report to the jurisdictional health department and the department by April 1st of each year on forms supplied by the department. The annual report ((shall))must detail the facility's activities during the previous calendar year and ((shall))must include ((the following information)):

(i) Name and address of the facility;

(ii) Calendar year covered by the report;

(iii) Annual ((quantity of each type of solid))quantities and types of waste received and incinerated, in tons if available;

(iv) Annual quantity, type and destination of ((solid)) waste bypassed, in tons;

(v) Annual quantity of ash disposed and disposal location, in tons; and

(vi) Any additional information required by the jurisdictional health department as a condition of the permit.

(((e) Develop, keep and abide by a plan of operation approved as part of the permitting process. The plan shall describe the facility's operation and shall convey to site operating personnel the concept of operation intended by the designer. The plan of operation shall be available for inspection at the request of the jurisdictional health department. If necessary, the plan shall be modified with the approval, or at the direction of the jurisdictional health department. Each plan of operation shall include the following:

(5)))(7)Energy recovery and incineration facilities – Permit requirements - Groundwater monitoring((requirements)). There are no specific groundwater monitoring requirements for energy recovery and incineration facilities subject to this chapter; however, energy recovery and incineration facilities must meet the ((requirements provided under))performance standards of WAC 173-350-040(((5))).

(((6)))(8)Energy recovery and incineration facilities – Permit requirements - Closure ((requirements)). The owner or operator of an energy recovery or incineration facility ((shall))must develop, keep, and follow a closure plan that includes:

(a) ((Notify))Notification to the jurisdictional health department one hundred eighty days in advance of closure((. At the time of closure all solid waste shall be removed to a facility that conforms with the applicable regulations for handling the waste.

(8)));

(9)Energy recovery and incineration facilities – Permit requirements - Financial assurance ((requirements)). There are no specific financial assurance requirements for energy recovery facilities and incineration facilities subject to this chapter; however, energy recovery and incineration facilities must meet ((the requirements provided under))performance standards of WAC 173-350-040(((5))).

(((9)))(10)Energy recovery and incineration facilities - Permit application contents. The owner or operator of an energy recovery or incineration facility ((shall))must obtain a solid waste permit from the jurisdictional health department. All applications for permits ((shall))must be in accordance with the procedures established in WAC 173-350-710. In addition to the requirements of WAC 173-350-710 and 173-350-715, each permit application ((shall))must contain:

(a) ((Preliminary))Engineering reports/plans and specifications that address((:

(ii) The design of the incinerator or thermal treater, including charging or feeding systems, combustion air systems, combustion or reaction chambers, including heat recovery systems, ash handling systems, and air pollution and water pollution control systems. Instrumentation and monitoring systems design shall also be included.))the standards of subsections (4) and (5) of this section;

(b) A plan of operation that addresses the requirements of subsection (((4)))(6) of this section; and

(c) A closure plan meeting the requirements of subsection (((6)))(8) of this section.

(1) Anaerobic digesters - Applicability.((This section applies))

(a) These standards apply to all facilities that treat solid waste by anaerobic digestion((, except (a), (b), and (c) of this subsection)).

(b) These standards do not apply to:

(((a)))(i) Storage or treatment of solid or liquid wastes in surface impoundments or tanks regulated under WAC 173-350-330;

(((b)))(ii) Anaerobic digesters regulated in accordance with chapter 90.48 RCW, Water pollution control; and

(((c)))(iii) Anaerobic digesters regulated in accordance with chapter 173-308 WAC, Biosolids management.

(2) Anaerobic digesters - Permit exemptions. In accordance with RCW 70.95.305, anaerobic digester facilities processing the types and volumes of materials identified in Table 250-A are subject solely to the requirements of Table 250-A and (b) of this subsection and are exempt from solid waste handling permitting. Feedstocks not listed in Table 250-A must be approved by the department. Violations of the terms and conditions of Table 250-A and (b) of this subsection may be subject to ((penalty))enforcement provisions of RCW 70.95.315.

(a) An owner or operator that does not comply with the terms and conditions of Table 250-A and (b) of this subsection must((:

•))obtain a solid waste handling permit from the jurisdictional health department((;)) and ((•))comply with all applicable requirements of this chapter.

((Violations of the terms and conditions of Table 250-A and (b) of this subsection may be subject to the penalty provisions of RCW 70.95.315.))

(b) The owner or operator of an anaerobic digester in compliance with all of the conditions of Table 250-A must also meet all of the following conditions in order to maintain exempt status:

(i) Comply with the performance standards of WAC 173-350-040;

(ii) Allow inspections by the department and/or jurisdictional health department at reasonable times to verify compliance with the conditions specified in this subsection;

(iii) Manage the operation to prevent the attraction of flies, rodents, and other vectors; and

(iv) Manage the operation to prevent the migration of agricultural pests identified by local horticultural pest and disease control boards, as applicable.

(3) Anaerobic digesters - Permit requirements - Location((standards (permit requirements))). There are no specific location standards for anaerobic digesters subject to this chapter; however, anaerobic digesters must meet the ((requirements of other federal, state, or local laws and regulations that apply under))performance standards of WAC 173-350-040(((5))).

(4) Anaerobic digesters - Permit requirements - Design ((standards (permit requirements))). Anaerobic digesters must be designed ((such))so that the facility can be operated to meet the performance standards((requirements in))of WAC 173-350-040. The owner or operator of an anaerobic digester facility must:

(a) Prepare and provide to the jurisdictional health department engineering reports, plans, specifications, and a construction quality assurance plan that address the standards of this subsection. The reports, plans, and specifications must be prepared by ((an))a professional engineer ((licensed))registered in the state of Washington and must include:

(i) An engineering report that presents the design basis and calculations for the engineered features of the facility including, but not limited to, pads, impoundments, leachate management features (if applicable), digestate management features, stormwater management features, and anaerobic digester features. The engineering report must demonstrate that the proposed design will meet the performance standards of this chapter;

(ii) Scale drawings of the facility including the location and size of feedstock storage areas, fixed equipment, buildings, leachate management features (if applicable), digestate management features, stormwater management features, access road and other constructed areas, and buildings integral to facility operation;

(iii) Design specifications for the engineered features of the facility including, but not limited to, pads, stormwater management features, leachate management features (if applicable), digestate management features, and an anaerobic digester design that demonstrates all structures, containers, tanks, and/or surface impoundments will meet the requirements of this section, and of any federal, state, or local water and air quality permits; and

(iv) A construction quality assurance plan that describes monitoring, testing and documentation procedures that must be performed during construction of the facility to ensure the facility is constructed in accordance with the approved design.

(b) Provide all-weather roads from the public highway to and within the facility when operations require public access. Roads must be designed and maintained to prevent traffic congestion, traffic hazards, dust and noise pollution((.));

(c) Design waste receiving areas, digesters, digestate management features, stormwater, and leachate management features (if applicable), to prevent contamination of air, soil, surface water, and groundwater((.));

(i) Feedstock, leachate (if applicable), and digestate receiving and storage areas must either be in tanks or surface impoundments meeting the requirements of this section, or be on pads to prevent contamination of air, soil, surface water, and groundwater underlying or adjacent to receiving and storage areas;

(ii) Pads must meet the following requirements:

(A) All pads must be curbed or graded in a manner to prevent ponding, control run-on and runoff, and separately collect and convey all stormwater and leachate to separate storage or holding systems. Stormwater that is combined with leachate must be treated as leachate in accordance with this section;

(B) All pads must be constructed on subgrades that provide sufficient bearing capacity to support the weight of the pad, the materials placed on them, and the equipment used in handling the materials;

(C) The entire surface area of the pad must be designed to maintain its structural and hydraulic integrity against loads resulting from feedstock and digestate storage, machinery used for feedstock handling, and against surface wear or damage caused by feedstock and digestate handling and storage;

(D) The pad may be constructed of materials such as concrete (with sealed joints) or asphaltic concrete that prevents subsurface soil and groundwater contamination; and

(E) The jurisdictional health department may allow pads to be designed and constructed with materials other than those listed in (c)(ii)(D) of this subsection, ((provided))if the applicant demonstrates in the engineering report to the jurisdictional health department's satisfaction that the alternative pad provides sufficient protection to meet the performance standards of this section and of WAC 173-350-040.

(iii) The anaerobic digester design must comply with one of the following three conditions:

(A) Design criteria in the Natural Resources Conservation Service's Washington Conservation Practice Standard, Anaerobic Digester Code 366 in effect October 2010, or other effective date as specified by the department; or

(B) Surface impoundment and tank design standards, WAC 173-350-330(((3)))(4); or

(C) Other engineered design that the owner or operator can demonstrate ((complies with the conditions))meets the performance standards of WAC 173-350-040 to the jurisdictional health department's and the department's satisfaction. Written consent from the jurisdictional health department and the department constitutes approval.

(iv) Stormwater management features must divert stormwater from feedstock receiving and storage areas, and from digestate collection and storage areas. Features may include, but are not limited to, run-on prevention systems, berms, diversion swales, ditches, and other features;

(v) Leachate management features may include, but are not limited to, runoff prevention systems, leachate collection, conveyance, storage structures, and treatment systems;

(vi) Leachate (if applicable) must be contained or collected. Any discharges to ground that result in contaminants migrating to groundwater require a waste discharge permit under chapter 90.48 RCW, Water pollution control, prior to discharge. Discharges to ground that result in degradation of groundwater quality are prohibited under chapter 90.48 RCW, Water pollution control. Any discharge to sanitary sewer requires additional permitting by the local delegated authority or department;

(vii) Leachate ponds or tanks, or digestate liquid storage in ponds or tanks must meet one of the following conditions:

(A) Ponds must meet Natural Resources Conservation Service Standard for a waste storage facility in the 2001 Washington Field Office Technical Guide 313 (revised June 2011); or

(B) Ponds must have a liner consisting of a minimum 30-mil thickness geomembrane on a subgrade that provides sufficient bearing capacity to support the liner and the contents of the pond. A liner constructed with a high density polyethylene geomembrane must be at least 60-mil thick to allow for proper welding; and

(I) Have dikes and slopes designed to maintain their structural integrity under conditions of a leaking liner and capable of withstanding erosion from wave action, overfilling, or precipitation; and

(II) Have freeboard (distance between the liquid level and the top of the pond) equal to or greater than eighteen inches to avoid overtopping from wave action, overfilling, or precipitation. The jurisdictional health department may reduce the freeboard requirement ((provided that))if other engineering controls are in place that prevent overtopping. These engineering controls must be specified during the permitting process; or

(C) The jurisdictional health department may approve the use of an alternative liner design if the owner or operator can demonstrate during the permitting process that the proposed design will prevent migration of solid waste constituents or leachate into the ground or surface waters at least as effectively as the liners described in this subsection; or

(D) Tanks used to store leachate or digestate liquid must meet design standards in WAC 173-350-330 (((3)))(4)(b).

(viii) Leachate ponds and digestate liquid storage that have the potential to impound more than 10-acre feet (three million two hundred fifty-nine thousand gallons) of liquid measured from the top of the dike and that would be released by a failure of the containment dike must be reviewed and approved by the department's dam safety section.

(5) Anaerobic digesters – Permit requirements – Documentation. Facilities must not start operation until the jurisdictional health department has determined that the construction was completed in accordance with the approved engineering report, plans, and specifications and has approved the construction documentation in writing and issued a permit. Within thirty days of completing construction, the owner or operator of an anaerobic digestion facility must provide the following materials to the jurisdictional health department and the department:

(6)Anaerobic digesters - Permit requirements - Operating ((standards (permit requirements))). The owner or operator of an anaerobic digester must operate in compliance with the performance standards of WAC 173-350-040 or Natural Resource Conservation Service Practice Standard Code 366 as applicable, and:

(a) Operate the facility to:

(i) Control air contaminants, such as dust and nuisance odors, to prevent these and other contaminants from migrating beyond property boundaries;

(ii) Prevent the attraction of vectors;

(iii) Prevent the migration of agricultural pests identified by the local horticultural pest and disease control boards as applicable;

(iv) Confine organic materials prior to and after processing to specifically designated areas, meeting the applicable standards of this section;

(v) Ensure that dangerous waste is not accepted, treated, or stored;

(vi) Ensure the facility operates under the supervision and control of a properly trained individual during hours of operation when facility staffing is required;

(vii) Ensure facility employees are trained in appropriate facility operations, maintenance procedures, and safety and emergency procedures according to individual job duties and according to an approved plan of operation; and

(viii) Restrict access to the facility when the facility is closed.

(b) Inspect the facility to prevent malfunctions and deterioration, operator errors, and discharges that may lead to the release of wastes to the environment or cause a threat to human health. The owner or operator must conduct these inspections as needed, but at least weekly, unless an alternate schedule is approved by the jurisdictional health department as part of the permitting process.

(c) Maintain operating records of the following:

(i) Process monitoring data as described in the plan of operation;

(ii) The quantity in gallons or cubic yards, and types of feedstocks received;

(iii) Results of analysis for digestate that is sold or distributed, according to subsection (5)(e) of this section; and

(iv) Facility inspection reports. Significant deviations from the plan of operation must be noted in the operating record. Records must be kept for a minimum of five years and must be available upon request by the jurisdictional health department.

(d) Prepare and submit ((a copy of)) an annual report to the jurisdictional health department and the department by April 1st of each calendar year for activities during the previous calendar year. Annual reports must be submitted on forms provided by the department and must include:

(i) Annual quantity and type of feedstocks received;

(ii) Annual quantity of digestate distributed if applicable;

(iii) Annual summary of digestate analysis as applicable, if digestate is distributed off-site; and

(iv) Any additional information required by the department or the jurisdictional health department.

(e) If distributing digestate (solids, semi-solids, or liquids) off-site, produce and manage the product so that it does not harm human health or the environment; and:

(i) Test representative samples of digestate solids every 5,000 cubic yards to demonstrate it meets compost quality standards in WAC 173-350-220(((4)))(6) (Table 220-B). An alternate testing frequency may be required or approved by the jurisdictional health department; or

(ii) Ensure digestate meets the conditions for a commercial fertilizer as applicable in chapter 15.54 RCW, Fertilizers, minerals, and limes; or

(iii) Send digestate to a permitted compost facility for further processing; or

(iv) Land apply digestate in accordance with WAC 173-350-230, Land application; or

(v) Use digestate in accordance with WAC 173-350-200, Beneficial use permit exemption; or

(vi) Apply digestate on agricultural lands at agronomic rates in accordance with a dairy nutrient management plan or a nutrient management plan; or

(vii) Manage digestate in an alternate manner as approved by the jurisdictional health department and the department.

(f) Develop, keep, and ((abide by))follow a plan of operation approved as part of the permitting process. The plan must describe the facility's operation and must convey to site operating personnel the concept of operation intended by the facility designer. The plan of operation must be kept on-site and available for inspection at the request of the jurisdictional health department. When necessary, the plan must be modified with the approval, or at the direction of the jurisdictional health department. Each plan of operation must include the following:

(i) A description of the types of feedstocks to be handled at the facility. Feedstocks must be approved by the department or jurisdictional health department;

(ii) Procedures for ensuring that only feedstocks described will be accepted;

(iii) Procedures for handling unacceptable wastes;

(iv) A plan for processing digestate to meet the requirements of (e) of this subsection, if distributing digestate off-site;

(v) A nutrient management plan for agricultural lands and farm lands (as described in RCW 84.34.020) if using digestate on-site;

(vi) A description of how facility staff will be appropriately trained;

(vii) A calculation of monthly processing capacity based on maximum volume (cubic yards or gallons) of all materials on-site at any one time. All materials on-site include feedstocks, digesting materials and digestate;

(viii) A material flow plan describing general procedures to manage all materials on-site. All materials on-site include incoming feedstock, digesting materials, and digestate;

(ix) An odor management plan including, but not limited to, the following components:

(A) Methods for treating emissions to reduce odors, if any;

(B) A community relations plan to address odor issues should they arise; and

(C) A description of facility and operational improvements that could be made, if nuisance odors are identified beyond the facility's property boundary, as determined by the jurisdictional health department, the department, or the permitting air authority. The description of operational improvements must address feedstock receiving, processing, and digestate storage areas of the facility.

(x) A description of how equipment, structures, and other systems will be inspected and maintained, including frequency of inspection and inspection logs. This description must include, but is not limited to:

(A) The groundwater monitoring system, if required;

(B) The overfilling prevention equipment, including details of filling and emptying techniques; and

(C) The liners of surface impoundments and tanks, tank piping, and secondary containment, as applicable.

(xi) Safety, fire, and emergency plans including a spill prevention/response plan;

(xii) The forms used to record volumes (in cubic yards or gallons) of accepted feedstocks; and

(xiii) Other ((such)) details to demonstrate that the facility is operated in accordance with this chapter and as required by the jurisdictional health department.

(((6)))(7)Anaerobic digesters - Permit requirements - Groundwater monitoring ((requirements (permit requirements))). There are no specific groundwater monitoring requirements for anaerobic digestion facilities subject to this chapter; however, anaerobic digestion facilities must meet the ((requirements of other federal, state, or local laws and regulations that apply under))performance standards of WAC 173-350-040(((5))).

(((7)))(8)Anaerobic digesters - Permit requirements - Closure ((requirements)). The owner or operator of an anaerobic digester facility must:

(a) Develop, keep, and follow a closure plan approved by the jurisdictional health department as part of the permitting process. At a minimum, the closure plan must include removing all organic materials, including digestate, from the facility. For planning purposes, assume the facility is at full permitted site capacity when it is closed; and

(b) Notify the jurisdictional health department sixty days in advance of closure. At closure, the facility is financially responsible for the removal of all organic materials including, but not limited to, raw or partially digested feedstocks, and digestate from the facility. The materials must be sent to another facility that complies with the applicable regulations for handling the waste.

(((8)))(9)Anaerobic digesters - Permit requirements - Financial assurance ((requirements (permit requirements))). There are no specific financial assurance requirements for anaerobic digestion facilities subject to this chapter; however, anaerobic digestion facilities must meet the ((requirements of other federal, state, or local laws and regulations that apply under))performance standards of WAC 173-350-040(((5))).

(((9)))(10)Anaerobic digesters - Permit requirements - Permit application contents (((permit requirements))). The owner or operator of an anaerobic digestion facility not exempt under subsection (2) of this section must obtain a solid waste permit from the jurisdictional health department. All applications for permits must be in accordance with the procedures established in WAC 173-350-710. In addition to the requirements of WAC 173-350-710 and 173-350-715, each permit application must contain:

(a) Engineering reports, plans, and specifications that address the design standards of subsections (4) and (5) of this section;

(b) A plan of operation that addresses the requirements of subsection (((5)))(6) of this section; and

(c) A closure plan meeting the requirements of subsection (((7)))(8) of this section.

(((10) Anaerobic digester - Construction records (permit requirements). Facilities must not start operation until the jurisdictional health department has determined that the construction was completed in accordance with the approved engineering report, plans, and specifications and has approved the construction documentation in writing and issued a permit. Within thirty days of completing construction, the owner or operator of an anaerobic digestion facility must provide the following materials to the jurisdictional health department and the department:

(b) A report documenting facility construction, including the results of observations and testing carried out as part of the construction quality assurance plan.))

(1) On-site storage, collection and transportation standards - Applicability.((This section is applicable))These standards apply to the temporary storage of solid waste in a container at a premises, business establishment, or industry and the collecting and transporting of the solid waste.

(2) On-site storage.

(a) The owner or occupant of any premises, business establishment, or industry ((shall be))is responsible for the safe and sanitary storage of all containerized solid wastes accumulated at those premises.

(b) The owner, operator, or occupant of any premises, business establishment, or industry ((shall))must store solid wastes in containers that meet the following requirements:

(i) Disposable containers ((shall))must be sufficiently strong to allow lifting without breakage and ((shall))must be thirty-two gallons in capacity or less where manual handling is practiced;

(ii) Reusable containers, except for detachable containers, ((shall))must be:

(A) Rigid and durable;

(B) Corrosion resistant;

(C) Nonabsorbent and water tight;

(D) Rodent-proof and easily cleanable;

(E) Equipped with a close-fitting cover;

(F) Suitable for handling with no sharp edges or other hazardous conditions; and

(G) Equal to or less than thirty-two gallons in volume where manual handling is practiced;

(iii) Detachable containers ((shall))must be durable, corrosion-resistant, nonabsorbent, nonleaking and have either a solid cover or screen cover to prevent littering.

(3) Collection and transportation standards.

(a) All persons collecting or transporting solid waste ((shall))must avoid littering at the loading point, during transport and during proper unloading of the solid waste.

(b) Vehicles or containers used for the collection and transportation of solid waste ((shall))must be tightly covered or screened where littering may occur, durable and of easily cleanable construction. Where garbage is being collected or transported, containers ((shall))must be cleaned as necessary to prevent nuisance odors and insect breeding and ((shall))must be maintained in good repair.

(c) Vehicles or containers used for the collection and transportation of any solid waste ((shall))must be loaded and moved in ((such))a manner that the containers will not fail, and the contents will not spill or leak. Where such spillage or leakage does occur the waste ((shall))must be picked up immediately by the collector or transporter and returned to the vehicle or container and the area properly cleaned.

(d) All persons commercially collecting or transporting solid waste ((shall))must inspect collection and transportation vehicles at least monthly. Inspection records ((shall))must be maintained at the facility normally used to park ((such)) vehicles or ((such)) other location that maintenance records are kept. ((Such))Records ((shall))must be kept for a period of at least two years, and be made available upon the request of the jurisdictional health department.

(1) ((Intermediate solid waste handling facilities))Transfer stations and drop box facilities - Applicability.((This section is applicable to any facility engaged in solid waste handling that provides intermediate storage and/or processing prior to transport for final disposal. This includes, but is not limited to, material recovery facilities, transfer stations, baling and compaction sites, and drop box facilities. This section is not applicable to:))

(a) These standards apply to transfer stations and drop box facilities as defined in WAC 173-350-100.

(i) Storage((,))or treatment ((or recycling)) of solid waste in outdoor piles ((which are)) subject to WAC 173-350-320;

(((b)))(ii) Storage or recycling of solid waste in surface impoundments ((which are)) subject to WAC 173-350-330;

(((c) Composting facilities subject to WAC 173-350-220;

(d)))(iii) Recycling ((which is))and material recovery facilities subject to WAC 173-350-210;

(((e)))(iv) Storage of waste tires ((which is)) subject to WAC 173-350-350;

(((f) Storage))(v) Handling of moderate risk waste ((prior to recycling which is)) subject to WAC 173-350-360((;

(g) Energy recovery or incineration of solid waste which is subject to WAC 173-350-240)); and

(((h) Drop boxes))(vi) Waste containers placed at the point of waste generation ((which is)) subject to WAC 173-350-300.

(2) ((Materials recovery facilities))Transfer stations and drop box facilities - Permit exemptions((and notification. (a))). In accordance with RCW 70.95.305, ((material recovery facilities))drop boxes managed in accordance with the terms and conditions of (((b) of this subsection))Table 310-A are exempt from solid waste handling permitting. ((An owner or operator that does not comply with the terms and conditions of (b) of this subsection is required to obtain a permit from the jurisdictional health department as an intermediate solid waste handling facility and shall comply with the requirements of WAC 173-350-310.))If a facility does not operate in compliance with the terms and conditions established for an exemption under this subsection, the facility may be subject to the permitting requirements for solid waste handling under this chapter. In addition, violations of the terms and conditions of (((b) of)) this subsection may be subject to the ((penalty))enforcement provisions of RCW 70.95.315.

(((b) Material recovery facilities shall be managed according to the following terms and conditions to maintain their exempt status:

(D) Any additional information required by written notification of the department.))

(3) ((Intermediate solid waste handling))Transfer stations and drop box facilities – Permit requirements - Location((standards)). There are no specific location standards for ((intermediate solid waste handling))transfer stations or drop box facilities subject to this chapter; however, ((intermediate solid waste handling)) facilities must meet the ((requirements provided under))performance standards of WAC 173-350-040(((5))).

(4) ((Intermediate solid waste handling))Transfer stations and drop box facilities – Permit requirements - Design((standards)).((The owner or operator of all intermediate solid waste handling facilities shall prepare engineering reports/plans and specifications to address))Transfer stations and drop box facilities must be designed so that the facilities can be operated to meet the performance standards of WAC 173-350-040, and the following design standards:

(a) ((Material recovery facilities,))Transfer stations((, baling and compaction sites shall))must:

(i) Control public access, and prevent unauthorized vehicular traffic and illegal dumping of waste;

(ii) Be sturdy and constructed of easily cleanable materials;

(iii) Provide effective means to control rodents, insects, birds and other vectors;

(iv) Provide effective means to control litter including, but not limited to, orientation of the tipping floor in a manner that prevents prevailing winds from moving waste outside the collection area when other structures are not in place to prevent this;

(v) Provide ((protection of))a tip floor made of impervious material such as concrete or asphalt to prevent soil and groundwater contamination. The surface must be durable enough to withstand damage from operating equipment. The jurisdictional health department may approve other types of surfaces if the applicant can demonstrate that it will prevent soil and groundwater contamination;

(vi) Cover the tipping floor to protect it from ((wind, rain or snow;

(vi) Provide pollution control measures to protect surface and groundwaters, including runoff collection and discharge designed to handle a twenty-five-year storm as defined in WAC 173-350-100, and equipment cleaning and washdown water))precipitation;

(vii) Convey leachate from the tipping floor and any ancillary areas likely to collect leachate, such as wash down areas, to a surface impoundment, tank, or sanitary sewer, or use other methods approved by the jurisdictional health department to prevent uncontrolled discharges;

(ix) Provide pollution control measures to protect air quality; and

(((viii)))(x) Provide all-weather surfaces for vehicular traffic.

(b) Drop ((boxes shall be))box facilities must:

(ii) Provide detachable containers constructed of durable, watertight materials with a lid or screen on top that prevents litter, the loss of materials during transport, and access by ((rats))rodents and other vectors((, and control litter.

(5) Intermediate solid waste handling facilities - Operating standards)). When reliably watertight detachable containers cannot be assured, the containers may alternatively be placed on an impervious surface with run-on and runoff controls;

(6) Transfer stations and drop box facilities – Permit requirements – Operating. The owner or operator of ((an intermediate solid waste handling))a transfer station or drop box facility ((shall))must:

(a) Operate the ((facility to:

(B) Prohibit the disposal of))site in compliance with the performance standards of WAC 173-350-040 and this subsection. In addition, the owner or operator must develop, keep, and follow a plan of operation approved as part of the permitting process. The plan of operation must be available for inspection at the request of the jurisdictional health department. If necessary, the plan must be modified with the approval, or at the direction of the jurisdictional health department. Each plan of operation must include the following:

(ii) A description of the procedures used to ensure that dangerous waste and other unacceptable waste are not accepted at the facility;

(((C) Control rodents, insects, and other vectors;

(D)))(iii) A description of how waste materials are to be handled on-site including maximum site capacity, methods of adding or removing waste from the facility and equipment used, and how operators will ensure adequate dumping capacity at all times;

(A) Control litter, dust, and nuisance odors;

(((E)))(B) Control rodents, insects and other vectors;

(C) Prohibit scavenging;

(((F) Prohibit open burning;

(J) Have))(D) Provide a sign at the site entrance that identifies the facility and shows at ((least))a minimum the name of the site((, and, if applicable, hours during which the site is open for public use, what materials the facility does not accept and other necessary information posted at the site entrance)); and

(((K) Have communication capabilities to immediately summon fire, police, or emergency service personnel in the event of an emergency.

(ii)))(E) Ensure that handling of waste capable of attracting birds does not pose an aircraft safety hazard.

(c) For drop box facilities((:

(A) Be serviced)), the plan of operations must also address how the operators will service the facility as often as necessary to ensure adequate dumping capacity at all times. Storage of waste outside the drop boxes is prohibited;

(((B) Be protective of human health and the environment;

(c) Maintain daily operating records on the weights and types of wastes received or removed from the facility. Facility inspection reports shall be maintained in the operating record. Significant deviations from the plan of operation shall be noted in the operating record. Records shall be kept for a minimum of five years and shall be available upon request by the jurisdictional health department;))

(d) Prepare and submit ((a copy of)) an annual report to the jurisdictional health department and the department by April 1st on forms supplied by the department. The annual report ((shall))must detail the facility's activities during the previous calendar year and ((shall))must include the following information:

(i) Name and address of the facility;

(ii) Calendar year covered by the report;

(iii) Annual quantity of each type of solid waste handled by the facility, in tons;

(iv) Destination of waste transported from the facility for processing or disposal; and

(v) Any additional information required by the jurisdictional health department as a condition of the permit.

(((e) Develop, keep and abide by a plan of operation approved as part of the permitting process. The plan shall describe the facility's operation and shall convey to site operating personnel the concept of operation intended by the designer. The plan of operation shall be available for inspection at the request of the jurisdictional health department. If necessary, the plan shall be modified with the approval, or at the direction of the jurisdictional health department. Each plan of operation shall include the following:

(6) Intermediate solid waste handling))(7) Transfer station and drop box facilities – Permit requirements - Groundwater monitoring((requirements)). There are no specific groundwater monitoring requirements for ((intermediate solid waste handling))transfer station and drop box facilities subject to this chapter; however, ((intermediate solid waste handling)) facilities must meet the ((requirements provided under))performance standards of WAC 173-350-040(((5))).

(((7) Intermediate solid waste handling))(8) Transfer stations and drop box facilities – Permit requirements - Closure((requirements)). The owner or operator of ((an intermediate solid waste handling facility shall))a transfer station or drop box facility must develop, keep, and follow a closure plan that includes:

(a) ((Notify))Notification to the jurisdictional health department ((one hundred eighty))ninety days in advance of closure of a transfer station or drop box facility.

(b) Removal of all waste ((shall be removed)) to a facility that conforms with the applicable regulations for handling the waste((.

(8) Intermediate solid waste handling)); and

(9) Transfer station and drop box facilities – Permit requirements - Financial assurance. There are no specific financial assurance requirements for ((intermediate solid waste handling))transfer stations and drop box facilities subject to this chapter; however, ((intermediate solid waste handling)) facilities must meet the ((requirements provided under))performance standards of WAC 173-350-040(((5))).

(((9) Intermediate solid waste handling))(10) Transfer station and drop box facilities - Permit application contents. The owner or operator of ((an intermediate solid waste handling))a transfer station or drop box facility ((shall))must obtain a solid waste permit from the jurisdictional health department. All applications for permits shall be submitted in accordance with the procedures established in WAC 173-350-710. In addition to the requirements of WAC 173-350-710 and 173-350-715, each application for a permit shall contain:

(a) ((For material recovery facilities, transfer stations, baling and compaction sites:

(i))) Engineering reports/plans and specifications that address the ((design)) standards of subsections (4)(((a)))and (5) of this section;

(((ii)))(b) A plan of operation meeting the applicable requirements of subsection (((5)))(6) of this section; and

(((iii)))(c) A closure plan meeting the requirements of subsection (((7)))(8) of this section((;

(iii) A closure plan meeting the requirements of subsection (7) of this section)).

(1) Piles used for storage or treatment - Applicability.

(a) ((This section is applicable to solid waste stored or treated in piles where putrescible waste piles that do not contain municipal solid waste are in place for more than three weeks, nonputrescible waste and contaminated soils and dredged material piles are in place for more than three months and municipal solid waste piles are in place for more than three days. This section is not applicable to))These standards apply to the outdoor storage or treatment of solid waste in piles.

(b) These standards do not apply to:

(i) ((Waste))Piles of recyclable materials and other solid wastes stored indoors at recycling or material recovery facilities subject to WAC 173-350-210;

(ii) Piles located at composting facilities subject to WAC 173-350-220 that are an integral part of the facility's operation;

(((ii) Piles of nonputrescible waste stored in enclosed buildings provided that no liquids or liquid waste are added to the pile; and))

(iii) Piles to be land applied subject to WAC 173-350-230;

(vii) Piles of waste tires ((or used tires)) subject to WAC 173-350-350; and

(viii) Piles of contaminated soil or contaminated dredged materials stored and treated indoors subject to WAC 173-350-490.

(((b)))(2) Piles used for storage or treatment – Permit exemptions. In accordance with RCW 70.95.305, ((storage piles of wood waste used for fuel or as a raw material, wood derived fuel, and agricultural wastes on farms, are subject solely to the requirements of (c)(i) through (iii)))facilities managing solid wastes in piles meeting the conditions listed in Table 320-A and the conditions of (a) of this subsection ((and)) are exempt from solid waste handling permitting. ((An owner or operator that does not comply with the terms and conditions of (c)(i) through (iii) of this subsection is required to obtain a permit from the jurisdictional health department and shall comply with all other applicable requirements of))If a facility does not operate in compliance with the terms and conditions established for an exemption under this subsection, the facility may be subject to the permitting requirements for solid waste handling under this chapter. In addition, violations of the terms and conditions ((of (c)(i) through (iii))) of this subsection may be subject to the ((penalty))enforcement provisions of RCW 70.95.315.

(((c) Owners and operators of all storage piles that are categorically exempt from solid waste handling permitting in accordance with (b) of this subsection shall:

(iv)))

(i) Comply with the performance standards of WAC 173-350-040;

(((v)))(ii) Manage the operation to prevent fugitive dust and the attraction of vectors; and

(iii) Allow the department ((and))or jurisdictional health department ((representatives)) to inspect the ((waste pile))site at reasonable times ((for the purpose of determining compliance with this chapter; and

(C) A description of the inert waste handled at the facility)).

(((2)))(3)Piles used for storage or treatment – Permit requirements - Location((standards)). There are no specific location standards for piles subject to this chapter; however, waste piles must meet the ((requirements provided under))performance standards of WAC 173-350-040(((5))).

(((3)))(4)Piles used for storage or treatment – Permit requirements - Design((standards.

(a) The owner or operator of piles used for storage or treatment shall prepare engineering reports/plans and specifications, including a construction quality assurance plan, to address the design standards of this subsection)).Piles used for storage or treatment of solid waste must be designed so that the facility can be operated to meet the performance standards of WAC 173-350-040, and the following design standards:

(a) The maximum waste capacity, elevation and boundaries of the waste pile ((shall))must be provided. All piles ((shall))used for storage or treatment regulated under this section must be designed and constructed to meet the following requirements:

(i) Control public access to prevent illegal dumping and unauthorized access to the facility;

(ii) Comply with the ((uniform))international fire code as implemented through the local fire control agency;

(iii) ((Minimize))Control vectors((harborage to the extent practicable)); and

(iv) Provide all-weather ((approach roads and exits))surfaces for vehicles.

(b) In addition to the requirements of (a) of this subsection, the owner or operator of piles of putrescible waste, contaminated soils or contaminated dredged material or waste determined by the jurisdictional health department to ((be)) likely ((to)) produce leachate posing a threat to human health or the environment ((shall))must prepare engineering reports/plans and specifications of the surface on which the pile(s) will be placed ((including)). This must include an analysis of the surface under the stresses expected during operations, and the design of the surface water management systems including run-on prevention and runoff conveyance, storage, and treatment. The ((piles shall))facility must be designed and constructed to:

(i) Place waste on ((a sealed))an impervious surface, such as concrete or asphaltic concrete, to prevent soil and groundwater contamination. The surface ((shall))must be durable enough to withstand material handling practices. The jurisdictional health department may at the time of permitting:

(A) Approve other types of surfaces((, such as engineered soil,)) if the applicant can demonstrate that the proposed surface will prevent soil and groundwater contamination; and

(ii) Control run-on and runoff from a twenty-five-year storm((, as defined in WAC 173-350-100)).

(((4)))(5) Piles used for storage or treatment – Permit requirements – Documentation.

(6)Piles used for storage or treatment – Permit requirements - Operating((standards)). The owner or operator of piles used for storage or treatment ((shall))must:

(a) ((Operate the facility to:

(ii)))Operate the site in compliance with the performance standards of WAC 173-350-040 and this subsection. In addition, the owner or operator must develop, keep, and follow a plan of operation approved as part of the permitting process. The plan of operation must be available on-site for inspection at the request of the jurisdictional health department. If necessary, the plan may be modified with the approval, or at the direction of the jurisdictional health department. Each plan of operation must include the following:

(C) Control access to the pile; and

(((iii) Ensure that nonpermitted waste is not accepted at the facility;

(v)))(D) Ensure that waste piles capable of attracting birds do not pose an aircraft safety hazard((; and

(vi) For piles of putrescible waste and contaminated soils or dredged material, control nuisance odors)).

(((b)))(v) A description of how operators will inspect and maintain the facility to prevent malfunctions, deterioration, operator errors and discharges that may cause or lead to the release of wastes to the environment or a threat to human health. Inspections ((shall))must include the ((engineered)) surface on which the piles are placed, and the leachate and stormwater control systems. Inspections ((shall))must be as needed, but at least weekly, to ensure ((it))the facility is meeting the operational standards, unless an alternate schedule is approved by the jurisdictional health department as part of the permitting process;

(((c)))(vi) A description of how operators will maintain ((daily)) operating records on the amounts (weight((s))or volume) and the types of waste received ((or))and removed from the facility, including the form or computer printout used to record this information. Facility annual reports must be maintained in the operating record. Facility inspection reports ((shall))must be maintained in the operating record, including at least the date of inspection, the name and signature of the inspector, a notation of observations made, and the date and nature of any needed repairs or remedial action. Significant deviations from the plan of operation ((shall))must be noted in the operating record. Records ((shall))must be kept for a minimum of five years and ((shall))must be available upon request by the jurisdictional health department;

(((d) Shall prepare and submit a copy of))(vii) Safety and emergency plans;

(b) Prepare and submit an annual report to the jurisdictional health department and the department by April 1st on forms supplied by the department. The annual report ((shall))must detail the facility's activities during the previous calendar year and shall include the following information:

(i) Name and address of the facility;

(ii) Calendar year covered by the report;

(iii) Annual ((quantity))quantities and types of solid waste handled by the facility, including amounts received, amounts removed and the amount of waste remaining at the facility at year's end, in tons or cubic yards; ((and))

(iv) Destination of waste material transported from the facility for processing or disposal; and

(v) Any additional information required by the jurisdictional health department as a condition of the permit.

(((e) Develop, keep and abide by a plan of operation approved as part of the permitting process. The plan shall describe the facility's operation and shall convey to the site operating personnel that concept of operation intended by the designer. The plan of operation shall be available for inspection at the request of the jurisdictional health department. If necessary, the plan shall be modified with the approval, or at the direction of the jurisdictional health department. Each plan of operation shall include the following:

(5)))(7)Piles used for storage or treatment – Permit requirements - Groundwater monitoring((requirements)). There are no specific groundwater monitoring requirements for piles used for storage and treatment subject to this chapter; however, waste piles must meet the ((requirements provided under))performance standards of WAC 173-350-040(((5))).

(((6)))(8)Piles used for storage or treatment – Permit requirements - Closure((requirements)). The owner or operator of piles used for storage or treatment ((shall))must develop, keep, and follow a closure plan that addresses:

(a) ((Notify))Notification to the jurisdictional health department sixty days in advance of closure((.));

(b) Remove of all waste ((shall be removed from the pile at closure)) to a facility that conforms with the applicable regulations for handling the waste((.

(7))); and

(9)Piles used for storage or treatment – Permit requirements - Financial assurance((requirements)). There are no specific financial assurance requirements for piles used for storage or treatment subject to this ((regulation)) chapter; however, waste piles must meet the ((requirements provided under))performance standards of WAC 173-350-040(((5))).

(((8)))(10)Piles used for storage or treatment - Permit application contents. The owner or operator of piles used for storage or treatment ((shall))must obtain a permit from the jurisdictional health department. All applications for permits ((shall))must be submitted in accordance with the procedures established in WAC 173-350-710. In addition to the requirements of WAC 173-350-710 and 173-350-715, each application for a permit ((shall))must contain:

(a) ((The design of fire control features;

(b))) Engineering reports/plans and specifications that address the ((design)) standards of subsections(((3)))(4) and (5) of this section;

(c) A plan of operation meeting the requirements of subsection (((4)))(6) of this section; and

(d) A closure plan meeting the requirements of subsection (((6)))(8) of this section.

(((9) Piles used for storage or treatment - Construction records. The owner or operator of piles used for storage or treatment shall provide copies of the construction record drawings for engineered facilities at the site and a report documenting facility construction, including the results of observations and testing carried out as part of the construction quality assurance plan, to the jurisdictional health department and the department. Facilities shall not commence operation until the jurisdictional health department has determined that the construction was completed in accordance with the approved engineering report/plans and specifications and has approved the construction documentation in writing.))

(1) Surface impoundments and tanks - Applicability.

(a) These standards ((are applicable))apply to:

(i) Surface impoundments ((holding solid waste))used to store or treat leachate, liquids, or semisolid wastes associated with solid waste facilities permitted under this chapter including, but not limited to, ((leachate lagoons associated with landfills permitted under this chapter and chapter 173-351 WAC, Criteria for municipal solid waste landfills, and surface impoundments associated with))limited purpose landfills, recycling facilities, transfer stations, and piles used for storage or treatment, or with landfills permitted under chapter 173-351 WAC, Criteria for municipal solid waste landfills;

(ii) ((Above or below ground))Tanks with a capacity greater than one thousand gallons ((holding solid waste associated with solid waste handling facilities)) used to store or treat leachate, liquids, or semisolid wastes ((or leachate)) associated with solid waste ((handling)) facilities permitted under this chapter including, but not limited to, limited purpose landfills, recycling facilities, transfer stations, and piles used for storage or treatment, or with landfills permitted under chapter 173-351 WAC, Criteria for municipal solid waste landfills; and

(iii) Piping systems within the boundaries of solid waste facilities that convey solid waste to or from surface impoundments and tanks as described in (a)(i) or (ii) of this subsection.

(b) These standards ((are not applicable))do not apply to:

(i) Surface impoundments ((or)), tanks ((whose facilities are regulated)), or piping systems that are elements of:

(A) Wastewater treatment systems permitted under local, state or federal water pollution control permits((;

(ii))), including stormwater permits, when those permits specify requirements equivalent to those of this section for surface impoundments, tanks and piping systems associated with the permitted system; and

(B) Leachate ((holding ponds))management features at compost facilities regulated under WAC 173-350-220((;

(iii))), except that tanks used to store leachate must meet design standards in subsection (4)(b) of this section.

(ii) Septic tanks ((receiving))regulated under chapter 246-272A WAC, On-site sewage systems, that receive only domestic sewage ((from facilities at the site))generated at the solid waste facility;

(iii) Wastewater features that convey only domestic sewage generated at the solid waste facility to a domestic wastewater facility;

(iv) Agricultural waste ((managed according to))operations conducted in accordance with a farm management plan written in conjunction with the local conservation district;

(v) Underground storage tanks subject to chapter 173-360 WAC, Underground storage tanks; ((and))

(vi) Tanks used to store moderate risk waste subject to WAC 173-350-360; and

(2) Surface impoundments and tanks – Permit exemptions. There are no exemptions for surface impoundments and tanks.

(((2)))(3)Surface impoundments and tanks – Permit requirement - Location((standards)).

(a) Surface impoundments and tanks ((shall))must not be located in unstable areas unless the owner or operator demonstrates that engineering measures have been incorporated in the facility's design to ensure that the integrity of the liners, monitoring system and structural components will not be disrupted. The owner or operator ((shall))must place the demonstration in the application for a permit.

(((3)))(b) No surface impoundment or tank regulated under this section may be located closer than one hundred feet to an existing drinking water supply well.

(4)Surface impoundments and tanks – Permit requirement - Design((standards.

(a) The owner or operator of a surface impoundment shall prepare engineering reports/plans and specifications, including a construction quality assurance plan, to address the design standards of this subsection. In determining pond capacity, volume calculations shall be based on the facility design, monthly water balance, and precipitation data. All surface impoundments shall)). Surface impoundments and tanks must be designed so that the facility can be operated to meet the performance standards of WAC 173-350-040, and the following design standards:

(a) All surface impoundments regulated under this section must be designed and constructed to meet the following requirements:

(i) Have a liner consisting of a minimum 30-mil thickness geomembrane overlying a structurally stable foundation to support the liners and the contents of the impoundment. (HDPE geomembranes used as primary liners or leak detection liners ((shall))must be at least 60-mil thick to allow for proper welding.) The jurisdictional health department may approve the use of alternative designs if the owner or operator can demonstrate during the permitting process that the proposed design will prevent migration of solid waste constituents or leachate into the ground or surface waters at least as effectively as the liners described in this subsection.

(ii) Have a groundwater monitoring system ((which))that complies with the requirements of WAC 173-350-500 or a leak detection layer. If a leak detection layer is used, it ((shall))must consist of an appropriate drainage layer underlain by a geomembrane of at least 30-mil thickness.

(iii) Have embankments and slopes designed to maintain structural integrity under conditions of a leaking liner and capable of withstanding erosion from wave action, overfilling, or precipitation.

(iv) Have a minimum of eighteen inches of freeboard ((equal to or greater than eighteen inches))above the design operating capacity to provide protection against wave action, overfilling, or precipitation. Impoundment operating capacity volume calculations must be based on the facility design, monthly water balance, and normal climatic precipitation and evaporation data for the location of the facility. During the permitting process the jurisdictional health department may reduce the freeboard requirement provided that other specified engineering controls are in place which prevent overtopping.

(v) Identify a leakage rate for the primary containment system that will trigger corrective action.

(vi) When a surface impoundment is constructed with a single geomembrane liner, the owner or operator must test the liner ((shall be tested)) using an electrical leak location evaluation capable of detecting a hole ((3))three millimeters in its longest dimension or other equivalent postconstruction test method prior to being placed in service. Results of the test ((shall))must be submitted with the construction record drawings((.

(vi) Surface impoundments that have the potential to impound more than ten-acre feet (three million two hundred fifty-nine thousand gallons) of liquid measured from the top of the embankment and which would be released by a failure of the containment embankment shall be reviewed and approved by the dam safety section of the department.)); and

(vii) ((No))All surface impoundment liners((shall))must be ((constructed such))designed so that the bottom of the lowest liner component is ((less than))a minimum of five feet (((one and one-half meters))) above the seasonal high level of groundwater, unless the owner or operator can demonstrate during the permitting ((procedure))process that the proposed liner design will not be affected by contact with groundwater. ((All surface impoundment liners shall be constructed such that the bottom of the lowest component is above the seasonal high level of groundwater.)) For the purpose of this section, groundwater includes any water-bearing unit ((which))that is horizontally and vertically extensive, hydraulically recharged, and volumetrically significant.

(b) ((The owner or operator of a tank used to store or treat liquid or semisolid wastes meeting the definition of solid waste or leachate, shall prepare engineering reports/plans and specifications, including a construction quality assurance plan, to address the following design standards:))Tanks must be designed and constructed to meet the following requirements:

(i) Tanks and ancillary equipment ((shall))must be tested for leaks or tightness using a method acceptable to the jurisdictional health department prior to being covered, enclosed or placed in use. If a tank is found to leak or not to be tight, all repairs necessary to remedy the leak(s) in the system ((shall))must be performed and verified to the satisfaction of the jurisdictional health department prior to the tank being covered or placed in use((.));

(ii) ((Below ground tanks and other tanks where all or portions of the tank are not readily visible shall be designed to resist buoyant forces in areas of high groundwater and shall either be:

(A) Retested for tightness at a minimum of once every two years; or))Tanks that are constructed or installed to be wholly or partially below ground must:

(B) Be equipped with a leak detection system capable of detecting a release from the tank; and

(iii) For tanks or components in which the external shell of a metal tank or any metal component will be in contact with the soil or water, a determination ((shall))must be made by a corrosion expert of the type and degree of external corrosion protection that is needed to ensure the integrity of the tank during its operating life. This determination ((shall))must be included with design information submitted with the permit application;

(iv) Above ground tanks ((shall))must be equipped with secondary containment ((constructed of, or lined with,)). This may be accomplished by use of a double-walled tank with leak detection, or construction of a separate containment structure using materials compatible with the waste being stored and capable of containing the volume of the largest tank within its boundary plus the precipitation from ((the))a twenty-five-year storm ((event as defined in WAC 173-350-100))if the containment structure is exposed to precipitation;

(v) Areas used to load or unload tanks ((shall))must be designed to contain spills, ((drippage))drips and accidental releases during loading and unloading of vessels;

(vi) Tanks and piping ((shall))must be protected from impact by vehicles or equipment through use of curbing, grade separation, bollards or other appropriate means;

(vii) Tanks ((shall))must be structurally suited for the proposed use; and

(viii) Tanks, valves, fittings and ancillary piping ((shall))must be protected from failure caused by freezing.

(((4)))(c) All facilities which include surface impoundments or tanks regulated under this section must provide controls to limit public access and prevent unauthorized vehicular traffic and illegal dumping of wastes. This must be accomplished by use of artificial barriers, natural barriers, or both, as appropriate to protect human health and the environment. A lockable gate is required at each entry to the facility.

(6)Surface impoundments and tanks – Permit requirements - Operating((standards)). The owner or operator of a surface impoundment or tank ((shall))must:

(a) Operate the facility ((to:

(i)))in compliance with the performance standards of WAC 173-350-040 and this subsection. In addition, the owner or operator must develop, keep, and follow a plan of operation approved as part of the permitting process. The plan must describe the facility's operation and convey to site operating personnel the concept of operation intended by the designer. The plan of operation must be available for inspection at the request of the jurisdictional health department. If necessary, the plan may be modified with the approval, or at the direction, of the jurisdictional health department. Each plan of operation must include the following:

(A) The equipment and procedures that will be used to prevent overfilling of surface impoundments or tanks ((and));

(B) The equipment and procedures that will be used to maintain ((required))a minimum of eighteen inches of freeboard((;

(ii)))in surface impoundments; and

(C) The equipment and procedures that will be used to control access to the site((;

(c) Maintain daily operating records on the quantity and the types of waste removed from the surface impoundment or tank)).

(vi) A description of how the operators will maintain operating records on the amounts (weight or volume) and types of waste received and removed from the facility, including the form or computer printout used to record this information. Facility annual reports must be maintained in the operating record. Facility inspection reports ((shall))must be maintained in the operating record, including at least the date of inspection, the name and signature of the inspector, a notation of observations made, and the date and nature of any needed repairs or remedial action. Significant deviations from the plan of operation shall be noted in the operating record. Records ((shall))must be kept for a minimum of five years and shall be available ((for inspection)) upon request by the jurisdictional health department;

(xi) Other details to demonstrate that the facility will be operated in accordance with this subsection and as required by the jurisdictional health department.

(((d) Shall))(b) Prepare and submit ((a copy of)) an annual report to the jurisdictional health department and the department by April 1st. The annual report ((shall))must detail the facility's activities during the previous calendar year and ((shall))must include the following information:

(i) Name and address of the facility;

(ii) Calendar year covered by the report;

(iii) Results of groundwater monitoring in accordance with WAC 173-350-500, if applicable;

(iv) Results of leak detection system monitoring, if applicable; ((and))

(v) Results of liner inspections and piping tightness testing, if applicable; and

(vi) Any additional information required by the jurisdictional health department as a condition of the permit.

(((e) Develop, keep and abide by a plan of operation approved as part of the permitting process. The plan shall describe the facility's operation and shall convey to site operating personnel the concept of operation intended by the designer. The plan of operation shall be available for inspection at the request of the jurisdictional health department. If necessary, the plan shall be modified with the approval, or at the direction of the jurisdictional health department. Each plan of operation shall include the following:

(5)))(7)Surface impoundments and tanks – Permit requirements - Groundwater monitoring((requirements)).

(a) Surface impoundments not equipped with a leak detection layer are subject to the groundwater monitoring requirements of WAC 173-350-500.

(b) Surface impoundments equipped with a leak detection layer and tanks are not subject to the groundwater monitoring requirements of this chapter; however, surface impoundments must meet the ((requirements provided under))performance standards of WAC 173-350-040(((5))).

(((6)))(8)Surface impoundments and tanks – Permit requirements - Closure((requirements)). The owner or operator of a surface impoundment or tank ((shall))must develop, keep, and follow a closure plan that includes:

(a) ((Notify))Notification to the jurisdictional health department sixty days in advance of closure((.));

(b) Removal of all waste material from the surface impoundment or tank ((shall be removed)) to a facility that conforms with the applicable regulations for handling the waste; and

(c) Methods of removing waste material.

(((b) Develop, keep and abide by a closure plan approved by the jurisdictional health department as part of the permitting process. At a minimum, the closure plan shall include the methods of removing waste.

(7)))(9)Surface impoundments and tanks – Permit requirements - Financial assurance((requirements)). There are no specific financial assurance requirements for surface impoundments or tanks subject to this chapter; however, surface impoundments and tanks must meet the ((requirements provided under))performance standards of WAC 173-350-040(((5))).

(((8)))(10)Surface impoundments and tanks - Permit application contents.(((a))) The owner or operator of a surface impoundment or tank ((shall))must obtain a solid waste permit from the jurisdictional health department, either as a separate permit or in compliance with subsection (11)(a) of this section. All applications for permits ((shall))must be submitted in accordance with the procedures established in WAC 173-350-710. In addition to the requirements of WAC 173-350-710 and 173-350-715, each application for a permit ((shall))involving surface impoundments or tanks must contain:

(((i)))(a) Engineering reports/plans and specifications that address the ((design)) standards of subsections(((3)))(4) and (5) of this section;

(((ii)))(b) A construction quality assurance plan that addresses the requirements of subsection (5) of this section;

(c) A plan of operation meeting the requirements of subsection (((4)))(6) of this section;

(((iii)))(d) For surface impoundments not equipped with a leak detection layer, hydrogeologic reports and plans that address the requirements of subsection (((5)))(7) of this section;

(((iv)))(e) A closure plan meeting the requirements of subsection (((6)))(8) of this section; and

(f) Documentation that all owners of property located within one hundred feet of the surface impoundment or tank have been notified that the proposed facility may impact their ability to construct water wells, in accordance with chapter 173-160 WAC, Minimum standards for construction and maintenance of wells.

(((9)))(11)Surface impoundments and tanks - Construction records. The owner or operator of a surface impoundment or tank shall provide copies of the construction record drawings for engineered facilities at the site and a report documenting facility construction, including the results of observations and testing carried out as part of the construction quality assurance plan, to the jurisdictional health department and the department. Facilities shall not commence operation until the jurisdictional health department has determined that the construction was completed in accordance with the approved engineering report/plans and specifications and has approved the construction documentation in writing.

(1) Waste tire storage((and transportation)) - Applicability.((This section is applicable to all:))

(a) These standards apply to facilities that store waste tires in quantities ((of)) greater than:

(i) Eight hundred automobile tires or ((the combined weight equivalent of sixteen thousand pounds of all types))eight tons of waste tires((. This section is not applicable))when each individual tire weighs less than five hundred pounds;

(b) These standards do not apply to the storage of waste tires ((in an enclosed building or)) in mobile containers used to transport waste tires. For purposes of this section, mobile containers must be used primarily for the transport of tires and must be moved between the storage facility and off-site annually.

(((b) Persons engaged in the business of transporting waste tires except for:

(4)))(2) Waste tire storage – Permit exemptions. There are no exemptions for waste tire storage.

(3)Waste tire storage((and transportation)) – Permit requirements - Location((standards)). There are no specific location standards for waste tire storage sites subject to this chapter; however, waste tire storage sites must meet the ((requirements provided under))performance standards of WAC 173-350-040(((5))).

(((5)))(4)Waste tire storage((and transportation)) – Permit requirements - Design((standards. The owner or operator of a waste tire storage area shall prepare engineering reports/plans and specifications to address the design standards of this subsection)). Waste tire storage facilities must be designed so that the facility can be operated to meet the performance standards of WAC 173-350-040. The maximum number of tires to be stored on-site and the individual ((pile))waste tire storage locations and ((sized shall))sizes must be provided. ((The))Facility ((shall be designed so that))design requirements are as follows:

(b) Unless otherwise specified in fire code, waste tires stored outside must be stored so that:

(((a)))(i) The size of any individual pile of waste tires ((shall be))is limited to:

(((i)))(A) A maximum area of five thousand square feet;

(((ii)))(B) A maximum volume of fifty thousand cubic feet; and

(((iii)))(C) A maximum height of ten feet((;

(b))).

(ii) A clear space of at least forty feet between each pile of waste tires ((shall be))is provided. The clear space ((shall))must not contain flammable or combustible material or vegetation;

(((c)))(iii) Tire storage ((shall))is not ((be)) located within ((ten))fifty feet of any property line or building ((and shall not exceed six feet in height within twenty feet of any property line or building; and

(d)));

(c) Public access ((shall))to any waste tire storage facility must be limited.

(6) Waste tire storage((and transportation)) – Permit requirements - Operating((standards)). The owner or operator of a waste tire storage facility ((shall))must:

(a) Operate the ((facility to:

(vii)))site in compliance with the performance standards of WAC 173-350-040 and this subsection. In addition, the owner or operator must develop, keep, and follow a plan of operation approved as part of the permitting process. The plan of operation must be available for inspection at the request of the jurisdictional health department. If necessary, the plan may be modified with the approval, or at the direction of the jurisdictional health department. Each plan of operation must include the following:

(J) Issue written or computer printed receipts upon receiving loads of waste tires((;

(b))).

(v) A description of how operators will inspect and maintain the facility to prevent ((malfunctions,)) deterioration((, operator errors and discharges that may lead to))or the release of wastes to the environment ((or cause))that could pose a threat to human health, including the inspection form operators will use. Inspections ((shall))must be as needed, but at least weekly, ((to ensure it is meeting the operational standards,)) unless an alternate schedule is approved by the jurisdictional health department as part of the permitting process((;

(c))). Facility inspection reports must be maintained in the operating record;

(vi) A description of how operators will maintain ((daily)) operating records ((including:

(d)))on the amounts (number of tires, weight of tires in tons, or volume of tires in cubic yards) and types of waste received and removed from the facility, including the form or computer printout used to record this information. Weight and volume are adequate measurements provided that the operator documents the approximate number of tires included in each load. Facility annual reports must be maintained in the operating record. Facility inspection reports must be maintained in the operating record, including at least the date of inspection, the name and signature of the inspector, a notation of observations made, and the date and nature of any needed repairs or remedial action. Significant deviations from the plan of operation must be noted in the operating record. Records must be kept for a minimum of five years and must be available upon request by the jurisdictional health department;

(b) Prepare and submit ((a copy of)) an annual report to the jurisdictional health department and the department by April 1st on forms supplied by the department. The annual report ((shall))must detail the ((facility))facility's activities during the previous calendar year and ((shall))must include the following information:

(i) Name and address of the facility;

(ii) Calendar year covered by the report;

(iii) Annual quantity of tires received, in tons;

(iv) Annual quantity of tires removed from the facility and ((end use))where they went, in tons;

(v) Total tons of tires remaining at the facility at year's end;

(vi) Applicable financial assurance reviews and audit findings in accordance with WAC 173-350-600; and

(vii) Any additional information required by the jurisdictional health department as a condition of the permit((;

(v) Other such details to demonstrate that the facility will be operated in accordance with this subsection and as required by the jurisdictional health department)).

(7) Waste tire storage((and transportation)) – Permit requirements - Groundwater monitoring((requirements)). There are no specific groundwater monitoring requirements for waste tire storage sites; however, waste tire storage sites must meet the ((requirements provided under))performance standards of WAC 173-350-040(((5))).

(8) Waste tire storage((and transportation)) – Permit requirements - Closure((requirements)).

(a) The owner or operator of a facility that stores waste tires ((shall))must develop, keep, and follow a closure plan that includes:

(((a) Notify))(i) Notification to the jurisdictional health department((,)) and ((where applicable)) the financial assurance instrument provider, one hundred eighty days in advance of closure;

(((b) Commence implementation of the closure plan))(ii) Commencement of closure, in part or whole, within thirty days after receipt of the final waste tires;

(((c) Provide))(iii) Projected time intervals that identify when partial closure is to be implemented;

(vi) Submittal of a certification that the site has been closed in accordance with the approved closure plan to the jurisdictional health department((; and

(ii) Methods of waste tire removal)).

(((e)))(b) The jurisdictional health department ((shall))must notify the owner or operator, the department, and the financial assurance instrument provider, of the date when the jurisdictional health department has verified that the facility has been closed in accordance with the specifications of the approved closure plan.

(9) Waste tire storage((and transportation)) – Permit requirements - Financial assurance((requirements)).

(a) The owner or operator ((shall))must establish a financial assurance mechanism in accordance with WAC 173-350-600 for closure in accordance with the approved closure plan. The funds ((shall))must be sufficient for hiring a third party to remove the maximum number of tires permitted to be stored at the facility and deliver the tires to a facility permitted to accept the tires.

(b) Nothing in this section ((shall))may prohibit the application of funds from an existing bond as required under RCW 70.95.555, to the total amount required for financial assurance, ((provided))if the bond can be used for the activities described in (a) of this subsection.

(c) No owner or operator ((shall))may commence or continue operations at the site until a financial assurance instrument has been provided for closure activities in conformance with WAC 173-350-600.

(10) Waste tire storage((and transportation - Solid waste permit requirements. The owner or operator shall)) – Permit application contents. A person who stores an amount of waste tires exceeding the regulatory threshold established in subsection (1)(a) of this section must obtain a solid waste permit from the jurisdictional health department. All applications for permits ((shall))must be in accordance with the procedures established in WAC 173-350-710. In addition to the requirements of WAC 173-350-710 and 173-350-715, each application for a permit ((shall))must contain:

(a) Engineering reports/plans and specifications that address the design standards of subsections (4) and (5) of this section;

(b) A plan of operation addressing the requirements of subsection (6) of this section;

(c) A closure plan meeting the requirements of subsection (8) of this section; and

(d) Documentation as needed to meet the financial assurance requirements of subsection (9) of this section.

(11) Waste tire storage((and transportation)) - Storage site license requirements.

(a) ((In order to))An owner or operator of a waste tire storage facility must obtain a waste tire storage license((,)). The facility owner or operator ((shall))must first obtain a solid waste handling permit for the storage of waste tires from the jurisdictional health department.

(b) Application forms for a waste tire storage site owner license are available at unified business identifier service locations located throughout the state. Unified business identifier service locations include:

(i) The field offices of the Washington state department of revenue and the Washington state department of labor and industries;

(ii) The tax offices of Washington state department of employment security;

(iii) The Olympia office of the secretary of state; and

(iv) The business license service office of the Washington state department of ((licensing))revenue.

(c) An application for a waste tire storage site owner license ((shall))must include ((a two hundred fifty dollar))an application fee determined by the Washington state department of revenue for each facility((, fifty dollars of which shall be nonrefundable. The)). A refundable portion of application fees may be returned to the applicant under the following conditions:

(i) The department determines that a solid waste permit would meet the substantive requirements of RCW 70.95.555 and determines that a license is not required; or

(ii) The applicant withdraws the application before the department has approved or denied the application.

(d) A waste tire storage site license ((shall be))is valid for one year from the date of approval and must be renewed annually.

(b) Any person subject to this section who stores waste tires without a valid waste tire storage license issued by the Washington state department of revenue is subject to the enforcement provisions of RCW 70.95.560.

(1) Waste tire transportation – Applicability. These standards apply to persons engaged in the business of transporting waste tires except for:

(a) Any person transporting five tires or less;

(b) Any person transporting used tires back to a retail outlet for repair or exchange;

(c) Any waste hauler regulated by chapter 81.77 RCW, Solid waste collection companies;

(d) The United States, the state of Washington, or any local government, or contractors hired by these entities, when involved in the cleanup or collection of waste tires. This includes municipal contractors providing solid waste collection services under chapter 35.21 RCW, Miscellaneous provisions; and

(e) Tire retailers associated with retreading facilities who use company-owned vehicles to transport waste tires for the purposes of retreading or recycling.

(2) Waste tire transportation – Carrier license requirements.

(a) All persons subject to this section engaged in the business of transporting waste tires are required to obtain a waste tire carrier license from the Washington state department of revenue.

(b) Application forms for a waste tire carrier license will be available at unified business identifier service centers located throughout the state. Unified business identifier service locations include:

(i) The field offices of the Washington state department of revenue and the Washington state department of labor and industries;

(ii) The tax offices of Washington state department of employment security;

(iii) The Olympia office of the secretary of state; and

(iv) The business license service office of the Washington state department of revenue.

(c) An application for a waste tire carrier license and a cab card for one vehicle must include an application fee determined by the Washington state department of revenue. Each additional vehicle cab card to be used by the licensee requires an additional fee determined by the Washington state department of revenue. The application must include:

(i) A performance bond in the sum of ten thousand dollars in favor of the state of Washington; or

(ii) In lieu of the bond, an applicant may submit other financial assurance acceptable to the department.

(d) A refundable portion of application fees may be returned to the applicant if the application is withdrawn before the department has approved or denied the application.

(e) A waste tire carrier license is valid for one year from the date of approval and must be renewed annually.

(3) Waste tire transportation – Prohibitions and enforcement.

(a) No person may enter into a contract for transportation of waste tires with an unlicensed waste tire transporter.

(b) Waste tires may only be delivered to a facility that has obtained the required permits or licenses for storage, processing, or disposal of waste tires.

(c) Any person subject to this section who transports waste tires without a valid waste tire carrier license issued by the Washington state department of revenue is subject to the enforcement provisions of RCW 70.95.560.

(1) Moderate risk waste handling - Applicability.

(a) ((This section is applicable))These standards apply to:

(i) Any facility that accepts segregated solid waste categorized as moderate risk waste (MRW), as defined in WAC 173-350-100;

(ii) Persons transporting MRW ((using only a bill of lading (MRW that is not shipped using a uniform hazardous waste manifest))) who store MRW for more than ten days at a single location; and

(iii) Mobile systems and collection events, as defined in WAC 173-350-100.

(b) ((This section is not applicable))These standards do not apply to:

(i) Persons transporting MRW managed in ((accordance))compliance with the requirements for shipments of manifested dangerous waste under WAC 173-303-240;

(ii) Universal waste regulated under chapter 173-303 WAC, Dangerous waste regulations; and

(iii) Conditionally exempt small quantity generators managing their own wastes in compliance with the performance standards of WAC 173-350-040 and 173-303-070 (8)(b).

(2) ((Mobile systems and collection events.))Moderate risk waste handling – Permit exemptions. In accordance with RCW 70.95.305, the operation of mobile systems ((and)), collection events ((are subject solely to the requirements of (a) through (n) of this subsection and)), limited MRW facilities and product take-back centers managed in accordance with the terms and conditions in Table 360-A of this section are exempt from solid waste handling permitting. ((An owner or operator that does not comply))If a facility does not operate in compliance with the terms and conditions ((of))established for an exemption under this subsection ((is required to obtain a permit from the jurisdictional health department and shall comply with the applicable requirements for a moderate risk waste handling facility)), the facility may be subject to the permitting requirements for solid waste handling under this chapter. In addition, violations of the terms and conditions of Table 360-A and this subsection may be subject to the ((penalty))enforcement provisions of RCW 70.95.315. ((Owners and operators of mobile systems and collection events shall:

(4)))

(3)Moderate risk waste facilities - Permit requirements - Location((standards)). There are no specific location standards for moderate risk waste facilities subject to this chapter; however, moderate risk waste facilities must meet the ((requirements provided under))performance standards of WAC 173-350-040(((5))).

(((5)))(4)Moderate risk waste facilities - Permit requirements - Design((standards)).(((a) The owner or operator of a moderate risk waste facility shall prepare engineering reports/plans and specifications, including a construction quality assurance plan, to address the following design standards. Each MRW facility shall:))Moderate risk waste facilities (MRW) must be designed and constructed so that the facility can be operated to meet the performance standards of WAC 173-350-040, and the following design standards:

(i) Be surrounded by a fence, walls, or natural features and provided with a lockable door or gate to control public and animal access;

(ii) Be constructed of materials that are chemically compatible with the MRW handled;

(iii) Provide secondary containment to capture and contain releases and spills, and facilitate timely cleanup in areas where MRW is handled. All secondary containment ((shall))must:

(A) Have sufficient capacity to:

(I) Contain ten percent of the volume of all containers or tanks holding liquid or the total volume of the largest container holding liquids in the area, whichever is greater;

(II) Provide additional capacity to hold the precipitation from a twenty-five-year storm ((as defined in WAC 173-350-100)), in uncovered areas; and

(III) Provide additional capacity to hold twenty minutes of flow from an automatic fire suppression system((, where such a suppression system exists;))in areas of the facility as required by state and local fire or building codes.

(B) Be segregated ((for))to prevent incompatible wastes from coming into contact with one another; and

(C) ((Have a base underlying the containers which is))For a floor or other structure that serves as the secondary containment, be free of cracks or gaps and ((is)) sufficiently impervious to contain leaks, spills, accumulated precipitation, or fire suppression materials until the collected material is detected and removed. The ((base shall))floor must be sloped or the containment system ((shall))must otherwise be designed and operated to drain and remove liquids resulting from leaks, spills, precipitation, or fire suppression unless the containers are elevated or are otherwise protected from contact with accumulated liquids;

(iv) Be accessible by all-weather roads;

(v) Prevent run-on and control runoff from a twenty-five-year storm((, as defined in WAC 173-350-100));

(vi) Provide a sign at the site entrance that identifies the facility and shows at ((least))a minimum the name of the site((, and if applicable, hours during which the site is open for public use, and acceptable materials));

(vii) Provide sufficient ventilation to remove toxic vapors and dust from the breathing zone of workers and prevent the accumulation of flammable or combustible gases or fumes that could present a threat of fire or explosion;

(viii) Be constructed with explosion-proof electrical wiring, fixtures, lights, motors, switches and other electrical components as required by local fire code or the department of labor and industries;

(ix) Provide electrical grounding in areas where flammable and combustible liquids are consolidated to allow for bonding to consolidation equipment; and

(x) Provide protection of ((the)) MRW ((handling areas)) from wind((, rain or snow))and precipitation through structural or operational measures.

(b) The owner or operator of a tank used to store or treat MRW ((shall prepare engineering reports/plans and specifications, including a construction quality assurance plan, to))must address the following design standards:

(i) Tanks and ancillary equipment ((shall))must be tested for tightness using a method acceptable to the jurisdictional health department prior to being covered, enclosed or placed in use. If a tank is found not to be tight, all repairs necessary to remedy the leak(s) in the system ((shall))must be performed and verified to the satisfaction of the jurisdictional health department prior to the tank being covered or placed in use;

(ii) Below ground tanks ((shall))must be designed to resist buoyant forces in areas of high groundwater and ((shall))must either be:

(A) Retested for tightness at a minimum of once every two years; or

(B) Equipped with a leak detection system capable of detecting a release from the tank((;)).

(iii) For tanks or components in which the external shell of a metal tank or any metal component will be in contact with the soil or water, a determination ((shall))must be made by a corrosion expert of the type and degree of external corrosion protection that is needed to ensure the integrity of the tank during its operating life. This determination ((shall))must be included with design information submitted with the permit application;

(iv) Areas used to load or unload tanks ((shall))must be designed to contain spills, ((drippage))drips and accidental releases during loading and unloading of vessels;

(v) Tanks and piping ((shall))must be protected from impact by vehicles or equipment through use of curbing, grade separation, bollards, or other appropriate means;

(vi) Tanks ((shall))must be structurally suited for the proposed use; and

(vii) Tanks, valves, fittings and ancillary piping ((shall))must be protected from failure caused by freezing.

(c) Prefabricated structures with concealed construction ((shall))must meet the requirements of chapter 296-150F WAC, Factory-built housing and commercial structures, administered by the department of labor and industries.

(6) Moderate risk waste facilities - Permit requirements - Operating((standards)). The owner or operator of ((a))an MRW facility ((shall))must:

(a) ((Manage))Operate the site in compliance with the performance standards of WAC 173-350-040 and this subsection. In addition, the owner or operator must develop, keep, and follow a plan of operation approved as part of the permitting process. The plan must describe the facility's operation and convey to site operating personnel the concept of operation intended by the designer. The plan of operation must be available on-site for inspection at the request of the jurisdictional health department. If necessary, the plan may be modified with the approval, or at the direction of the jurisdictional health department. Each plan of operation must include the following:

(iv) A description of how the owner or operator will ensure MRW handling activities and facilities will be managed so that:

(((i)))(A) Each storage area is marked with signs to clearly show the type of MRW to be stored in that area;

(((ii)))(B) Incompatible MRW and materials ((shall))are not be mixed together or allowed to come into contact with each other;

(((iii)))(C) MRW ((shall be))is compatible with the containment system;

(((iv)))(D) Unless otherwise approved by the jurisdictional health department, containers or tanks are closed except when actively adding or removing MRW in order to prevent a release of MRW through evaporation or spillage if overturned;

(((v)))(E) All containers or tanks have visible and legible labels or markings that identify the MRW type and are visible for inspection;

(((vi)))(F) Containers of MRW ((shall be))are stored in a manner that allows for easy access and inspection. Drums containing MRW ((shall))must have at least one side with a minimum of thirty inches clear aisle space;

(((vii)))(G) Containers holding MRW are maintained in good condition including, but not limited to, no severe rusting or apparent structural defects;

(((viii) Uniform hazardous waste manifests are prepared and used at the point where possession of the MRW is given to a commercial registered dangerous waste transporter for shipments of MRW destined for out-of-state locations. This shall be completed in accordance with WAC 173-303-180;

(ix)))(H) A shipment of MRW transported is documented on a shipping paper in accordance with 49 C.F.R. Subpart C, Shipping Paper, Parts 172.200 through 172.204, except shipping papers are not required for:

(I) Public access is restricted to areas identified in the plan of operation and unauthorized entry is prevented;

(((x)))(J) Communication capabilities are provided to summon fire, police, or emergency service personnel;

(((xi)))(K) Flammable or explosive gases do not exceed ten percent of the lower explosive limit in the area where flammable liquid MRW is ((handled))consolidated. An explosive gas monitoring ((program shall))alarm system must be implemented to ensure that this standard is achieved;

(((xii) MRW is delivered to a facility that meets the performance standards of WAC 173-350-040;

(xiii)))(L) Electrical grounding is provided and bonding occurs in areas where flammable and combustible liquids are consolidated;

(M) Personnel ((responsible for routine inspections and operations are familiar with the chemical nature of the materials and the appropriate mitigating action necessary in the event of fire, leak or spill; and

(xiv)))trained to manage MRW in accordance with this section and the plan of operation approved during the permitting process are present at all times when MRW is accepted and handled; and

(N) The jurisdictional health department and the department are notified of any spills or discharges of MRW to the environment within twenty-four hours of knowledge of an incident.

(((b)))(v) A description of how equipment, structures and other systems are to be inspected and maintained, including the frequency of inspection and inspection logs. The operator must ensure that routine and annual inspections are conducted as follows:

(((i)))(A) Routine inspections ((shall))must be conducted at least weekly or once each operating day, whichever is more frequent, unless an alternate schedule is approved by the jurisdictional health department as part of the permitting process. Routine inspections ((shall))must be performed for:

(((A)))(I) Operating hazards;

(((B)))(II) Presence of operable safety equipment;

(((C)))(III) Container integrity; and

(((D)))(IV) General facility condition((;)).

(((ii)))(B) Annual inspections ((shall))must be conducted to determine the condition of:

(((A)))(I) Secondary containment systems including all readily accessible below floor space, sumps, and tanks for deterioration and evidence of containment failure; and

(((B)))(II) All ventilation and flammable vapor monitoring systems.

(((c) Maintain daily operating records of the weights or gallons of each type of MRW collected and the number of households and CESQGs served. Facility inspection reports shall be maintained in the operating record, including at least the date and time of the inspection, the name and signature of the inspector, a notation of observations made, and the date and nature of any needed repairs or remedial action. Significant deviations from the plan of operation shall be noted in the operating record. Records shall be kept for a minimum of five years and shall be available for inspection at the request of the jurisdictional health department.

(d)))(vi) A description of how operators will maintain operating records on the amounts (weight or volume) and the types of waste received and removed from the facility, including the form or computer printout used to record this information. Facility annual reports must be maintained in the operating record. Facility inspection reports must be maintained in the operating record, including at least the date of inspection, the name and signature of the inspector, a notation of observations made, and the date and nature of any needed repairs or remedial action. Significant deviations from the plan of operation must be noted in the operating record. Records must be kept for a minimum of five years, and must be available upon request by the jurisdictional health department;

(b) Prepare and submit ((a copy of)) an annual report to the jurisdictional health department and the department by April 1st on forms supplied by the department. The annual report ((shall))must detail the facility's activities during the previous calendar year and must include the following information:

(i) Name and address of the facility and locations of all collection sites;

(ii) Calendar year covered by the report;

(iii) Annual ((quantity))quantities and types of MRW, in pounds or gallons;

(iv) Number of households and CESQGs served;

(v) Type of final disposition (((e.g.))for example, reuse, recycled, treatment, energy recovery, incineration, or ((disposal))landfilling) by waste type of MRW;

(vi) Applicable financial assurance reviews and audit findings in accordance with WAC 173-350-600; and

(vii) Any additional information required by the jurisdictional health department as a condition of the permit.

(((e) Develop, keep and abide by a plan of operation approved as part of the permitting process. The plan shall describe the facility's operation and shall convey to site operating personnel the concept of operation intended by the designer. The plan of operation shall be available for inspection at the request of the jurisdictional health department. If necessary, the plan shall be modified with the approval, or at the direction of the jurisdictional health department. Each plan of operation shall include the following:

(vi) Other such details to demonstrate that the facility will be operated in accordance with this subsection and as required by the jurisdictional health department.))

(7) Moderate risk waste facilities - Permit requirements - Groundwater monitoring ((requirements)). There are no specific groundwater monitoring requirements for MRW facilities subject to this chapter; however, moderate risk waste facilities must meet the ((requirements provided under))performance standards of WAC 173-350-040(((5))).

(8) Moderate risk waste facilities - Permit requirements - Closure ((requirements)).

(a) The owner or operator of a moderate risk waste facility ((shall))must develop, keep, and follow a closure plan that includes:

(((a) Notify))(i) Notification to the jurisdictional health department, and where applicable, the financial assurance instrument provider, no later than one hundred eighty days prior to the projected date of the final receipt of MRW, of the intent to ((implement the closure plan))close the facility in part or whole((. The facility shall close in a manner that:

(i) Minimizes the need for further maintenance));

(ii) ((Removes))Removal of all MRW ((and ensures delivery of the MRW)) to a facility that conforms with the applicable regulations for handling the waste;

(iii) ((Decontaminates))Decontamination of all areas where MRW has been handled, including, but not limited to, secondary containment, buildings, tanks, equipment, and property; ((and

(b) Commence))

(iv) Commencement of closure activities in part or whole within thirty days following the receipt of the final volume of MRW((. Waste shall not be accepted for disposal or for use in closure.

(i)));

(v) Submittal of a certification by the owner or operator, and a professional engineer ((licensed))registered in the state of Washington that the site has been closed in accordance with ((the approved closure plan; and

(ii)))closure procedures;

(vi) Submittal of a closure report signed by the facility owner or operator and the certifying engineer that describes:

(A) Actions taken to determine if there has been a release to the environment; and

(B) The results of all inspections conducted as part of the closure procedure.

(((d) Keep and abide by a closure plan approved by the jurisdictional health department as part of the permitting process. At a minimum, the closure plan shall include:

(ii)))(vii) An estimate of the maximum volume of MRW on-site at any time during the active life of the facility; and

(((iii)))(viii) Closure cost estimates and projected fund withdrawal intervals from the financial assurance instrument, if ((such)) an instrument is required by subsection (9) of this section.

(((e)))(b) The jurisdictional health department ((shall))will notify the owner or operator, the department, and the financial assurance instrument provider, of the date when the jurisdictional health department has verified that the facility has been closed in accordance with the specifications of the approved closure plan.

(9) Moderate risk waste facilities - Permit requirements - Financial assurance((requirements)).

(a) The owner or operator of any fixed moderate risk waste facility that stores more than nine thousand gallons of MRW on-site, excluding used oil, is required to establish financial assurance in accordance with WAC 173-350-600.

(b) Proof of financial assurance ((shall))must be provided to the jurisdictional health department prior to the acceptance of any MRW. The financial assurance instrument ((shall))must provide sufficient funds to guarantee that all closure requirements are met. In the event that hazardous substances are released to the environment and site remediation is necessary, additional financial assurance ((shall))must be provided ((in order that))so site remediation can be accomplished.

(c) Nothing in this section ((shall)) prevents an owner or operator from including the cost of MRW facility financial assurance in an instrument established for a colocated permitted solid waste facility so long as there are adequate funds available for both closure activities and the instrument identifies the commitment of funds for both activities.

(10) Moderate risk waste facilities - Permit application contents. The owner or operator of ((a))an MRW facility ((shall))must obtain a solid waste permit from the jurisdictional health department. All applications for permits ((shall))must be submitted in accordance with the requirements established in WAC 173-350-710. In addition to the requirements of WAC 173-350-710 and 173-350-715, each application for a permit ((shall))must contain:

(a) Engineering reports/plans and specifications that address the design standards of subsections (4) and (5) of this section;

(b) A construction quality assurance plan that addresses the requirements of subsection (5) of this section;

(c) A plan of operation meeting the requirements of subsection (6) of this section;

(((c)))(d) A closure plan meeting the requirements of subsection (8) of this section; and

(((d)))(e) Documentation as needed to meet the financial assurance requirements of subsection (9) of this section.

(((11) Moderate risk waste facilities - Construction records. The owner or operator of a moderate risk waste facility shall provide copies of the construction record drawings for engineered facilities at the site and a report documenting facility construction, including the results of observations and testing carried out as part of the construction quality assurance plan, to the jurisdictional health department and the department. Facilities shall not commence operation until the jurisdictional health department has determined that the construction was completed in accordance with the approved engineering report/plans and specifications and has approved the construction documentation in writing.))

(1) Limited purpose landfills - Applicability.

(a) These standards apply to ((all))limited purpose landfills ((except:

(a) Municipal solid waste)). Landfills in this category include facilities which may encompass considerable variations in waste types, site conditions, and operational controls. The primary characteristic of a limited purpose landfill is that it is not allowed to receive municipal solid waste.

(i) Landfills regulated under chapter 173-351 WAC, Criteria for municipal solid waste landfills;

(((b) Inert waste))(ii) Landfills regulated under WAC 173-350-410 Inert waste landfills;

(((c) Special incinerator ash))(iii) Landfills regulated under chapter 173-306 WAC, Special incinerator ash management standards;

(((d) Dangerous waste))(iv) Landfills regulated under chapter 173-303 WAC, Dangerous waste regulations; and

(((e) Chemical waste landfills used for the disposal of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)))(v) Landfills regulated under Title 40 C.F.R. Part 761, Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) Manufacturing, Processing, Distribution in Commerce, and Use Prohibitions.

(2) Limited purpose landfills – Permit exemptions. There are no permit exemptions for limited purpose landfills.

(3)Limited purpose landfills - Permit requirements - Location((standards)). All limited purpose landfills ((shall))must be located to meet the following requirements:

(a) No landfill ((shall))may be located over a Holocene fault, in subsidence areas, or on or adjacent to an unstable slope or other geologic features which could compromise the structural integrity of the facility((.));

(b) No landfill's active area ((shall))may be located closer than one thousand feet to ((a down-gradient drinking))an existing water supply well((, unless the owner or operator can demonstrate that a minimum of ninety days will occur between the time that a contaminant is detected and the time the contaminant can reach the nearest down-gradient drinking water supply well. Such demonstrations shall be prepared by a licensed professional in accordance with the requirements of chapter 18.220 RCW and shall be included in the permit application. The demonstration shall be based on the details of the sampling and analysis plan and the hydrogeologic properties of the hydrostratigraphic unit.));

(c) No landfill's active area ((shall))may be located in a channel migration zone ((as defined in WAC 173-350-100)) or within two hundred feet, measured horizontally, of a stream, lake, pond, river, ((or)) saltwater body, ((nor))or in any wetland ((nor any public land that is being used by a public water system for watershed control for municipal drinking water purposes in accordance with WAC 248-54-660(4))). All facilities ((shall))must conform to location restrictions established in local shoreline management plans adopted pursuant to chapter 90.58 RCW((.)), Shoreline Management Act of 1971;

(d) No landfill ((shall))may be located within ten thousand feet of any airport runway currently used by turbojet aircraft or five thousand feet of any airport runway currently used by only piston-type aircraft unless the federal aviation administration grants a waiver. This requirement is only applicable where ((such))a landfill is used for disposing of wastes where a bird hazard to aircraft would be created((.)); and

(e) All landfills ((shall))must comply with the location standards specified in RCW 70.95.060.

(((3)))(4)Limited purpose landfills - Permit requirements - Design((standards.

(a) This section applies to landfills with considerable variations in waste types, site conditions, and operational controls)). All landfills ((shall))must be designed and constructed to meet the design standards of this subsection, the performance standards of WAC 173-350-040, and ((shall))must be appropriate for and compatible with the waste, the site, and the operation. ((The owner or operator of a limited purpose landfill shall prepare engineering reports/plans and specifications, including a construction quality assurance plan, to address the design standards of this subsection. An owner or operator shall be able to demonstrate during the permitting process that the design of a proposed landfill will mitigate threats to human health and the environment. When evaluating a landfill design, the jurisdictional health department shall consider the following factors:))

(i) Waste characterization;

(ii) Soil conditions;

(iii) Hydrogeologic conditions;

(iv) Hydraulic conditions;

(v) Contaminant fate and transport;

(vi) Topography;

(vii) Climate;

(viii) Seismic conditions;

(ix) The ((total))site capacity ((of the facility)) and each landfill unit;

(x) Anticipated leachate characteristics and quantity;

(xi) Operational controls; and

(xii) Environmental monitoring systems.

(b) Landfill gas control. Limited purpose landfills must be designed to control methane and other explosive gases to ensure they do not exceed:

(c) Liner system design.

(i) Liner system performance standard. Limited purpose landfills ((shall))must be constructed in accordance with a design that:

(A) Will prevent the contamination of the hydrostratigraphic units identified in the hydrogeologic assessment of the facility at the ((relevant)) point of compliance as specified during the permitting process; and

(B) ((Controls methane and other explosive gases generated by the facility to ensure they do not exceed:

(A)))Will meet the landfill gas control requirements of (b) of this subsection.

(I) The contaminant levels in the waste and leachate are unlikely to pose an adverse impact to the environment; and

(((B)))(II) The ability of natural soils to provide a barrier or reduce the concentration of contaminants provides sufficient protection to meet the performance standards of WAC 173-350-040; and

(((C) Explosive gases generated by the facility will not exceed:

(III) One hundred parts per million by volume of hydrocarbons (expressed as methane) in offsite structures.))(III) The landfill will meet the landfill gas control requirements of (b) of this subsection.

(iii) Liner separation from groundwater. No landfill liner system ((shall))may be constructed ((such that))with the bottom of the lowest component ((is)) less than ten feet (((three meters))) above the seasonal high level of groundwater, unless a hydraulic gradient control system has been installed which prevents groundwater from contacting the liner. For the purpose of this section, groundwater includes any water-bearing unit which is horizontally and vertically extensive, hydraulically recharged, and volumetrically significant as to harm or endanger the integrity of the liner at any time.

(iv) Hydraulic gradient control system performance standard. When ((a hydraulic gradient control system is to be)) incorporated into a landfill design, a demonstration ((shall))must be made during the permit process that the hydraulic gradient control system can ((be installed to)) control groundwater fluctuations and maintain separation between the controlled seasonal high level of groundwater ((in the identified water-bearing unit)) and the bottom of the ((lowest)) liner system ((component)). The ((hydraulic gradient control)) system ((shall))must not ((have negative impacts on))negatively impact waters of the state or impede the ((capability))ability to collect representative samples ((representative)) of the ((quality of)) groundwater at the ((relevant)) point of compliance. The demonstration ((shall))must include:

(A) A discussion in the geologic and hydrogeologic site characterization showing the effects from subsoil settlement, changes in surrounding land uses, climatic trends or other impacts affecting groundwater levels during the active life((, closure)) and post-closure period((s)) of the landfill;

(B) A discussion ((showing potential impacts)) of the gradient control ((operation to existing))system's potential impacts on quality and quantity of groundwater or surface water((s)). This discussion ((shall))must include potential impacts to water users and instream flow and levels of surface waters in direct hydrologic contact ((or continuity)) with the hydraulic gradient control system. Any ((currently)) available ground or surface water quality data for hydrostratigraphic units, springs, or surface waters in direct hydrologic contact ((or continuity)) with the hydraulic gradient control system ((shall))must be included;

(C) ((Conceptual engineering drawings of the proposed landfill and))A discussion ((as to))of how the hydraulic gradient control system will protect or impact the structural integrity and performance of the liner system; and

(D) ((Preliminary engineering drawings of the hydraulic gradient control system;

(E))) Design specifications for the proposed ground and surface water monitoring systems((; and

(c))).

(d) Leachate collection and control system design. Except ((as provided in (b)(ii)))when a landfill is designed and constructed without an engineered liner under (c)(ii)(C) of this ((section))subsection, limited purpose landfills ((shall))must be constructed in accordance with a design that:

(i) Provides for collection and removal of leachate generated in the landfill;

(ii) Is capable of maintaining a leachate head of less than ((a)) one-foot ((head of leachate)) over the liner system and less than ((a two-foot head))two feet in leachate sump areas;

(iii) Includes a monitoring system capable of collecting representative samples of leachate generated in the landfill; and

(iv) Provides for leachate storage, treatment, or pretreatment to meet the requirements ((for permitted discharge under))of WAC 173-350-330 Surface impoundments and tanks, chapter 90.48 RCW, Water pollution control, and the Federal Clean Water Act, as appropriate when leachate is to be discharged from the facility.

(((d)))(e) Run-on/runoff control system design. Limited purpose landfills ((shall))must be constructed in accordance with a design that:

(i) Will prevent flow onto the active portion of the landfill during the peak discharge from a twenty-five-year storm((, as defined in WAC 173-350-100));

(ii) Will prevent unpermitted discharges from the active portion of the landfill resulting from a twenty-five-year storm((, as defined in WAC 173-350-100)); and

(iii) When located in a one hundred-year flood plain, the entrance and exit roads((,)) and landfill practices do not restrict the flow of the base flood, reduce the temporary water storage capacity of the flood plain, or result in washout of solid waste((, to pose a hazard to human life, wildlife, land or water resources)).

(((e)))(f) Final closure system design.

(i) Final closure performance standard. Limited purpose landfills ((shall))must be closed in accordance with a design that:

(A) Prevents exposure of waste;

(B) Minimizes infiltration (at a minimum, the design will prevent the generation of significant quantities of leachate to eliminate the need for leachate removal by the end of the post-closure period);

(C) Prevents erosion from wind and water;

(D) Is capable of sustaining native vegetation;

(E) Addresses anticipated settlement, with a goal of achieving no less than two to five percent slope after settlement;

(F) Provides sufficient stability and mechanical strength and addresses potential freeze-thaw and desiccation;

(G) Provides for the management of run-on and runoff, preventing erosion or otherwise damaging the closure cover;

(H) Minimizes the need for post-closure maintenance;

(I) Provides for collection and removal of methane and other gases generated in the landfill to meet the requirements of (b) of this subsection. Landfill gas ((shall))must be purified for sale, used for its energy value, or flared when the quantity and quality of landfill gases will support combustion. Landfill gases may be vented when they will not support combustion. The collection and removal system ((shall))must include a monitoring system capable of collecting representative samples of gases generated in the landfill; and

(J) Meets the requirements of regulations, permits and policies administered by the jurisdictional air pollution control authority or the department under chapter 70.94 RCW, Washington Clean Air Act and Section 110 of the Federal Clean Air Act.

(ii) Final cover design and construction. The owner or operator of a limited purpose landfill must select one of the two options for final cover system design and construction described in (e)(ii)(A) and (B) of this subsection. The option described in (e)(ii)(B) of this subsection requires that the owner or operator must demonstrate to the satisfaction of the jurisdictional health department during the permitting process that the proposed final cover design will comply with the final cover performance standards of (f)(i) of this subsection and the specific requirements of this item.

(A) Presumptive final closure cover design. Limited purpose landfills designed and constructed with the following final closure cover are presumed to meet the performance standards in (((e)))(f)(i)(A) through (D) of this subsection. ((An alternative final closure cover shall be used when the nature of the waste, the disposal facility or other factors are incompatible with the presumptive final closure cover system.)) The presumptive final closure cover consists of the following components:

(((A)))(I) An antierosion layer consisting of a minimum of two feet (((60 cm))) of earthen material of which at least twelve inches (((30 cm))) of the uppermost layer is capable of sustaining native vegetation, seeded with grass or other shallow rooted vegetation; and

(((B)))(II) A geomembrane with a minimum of 30-mil (((.76 mm))) thickness, or a greater thickness that is commensurate with the ability to join the geomembrane material and site characteristics such as slope, overlaying a competent foundation.

(((f)))(B) Facility-specific final cover. Limited purpose landfills may be designed and constructed with an engineered final cover system that the owner or operator demonstrates will meet the performance standards of (f)(i) of this subsection. The final cover system must be appropriate for and compatible with: The characteristics of the site, the wastes that are specified in a solid waste permit as allowed for disposal in the landfill, and the operation of the facility.

(g) Water balance and groundwater contaminant fate and transport modeling. Any modeling performed for evaluating a landfill design ((shall))must meet the following performance standards:

(i) All water balance analysis ((shall))must be performed using:

(A) The Hydrologic Evaluation of Landfill Performance (HELP) Model; or

(B) Alternate methods approved by the jurisdictional health department. Alternate methods ((shall))must have supporting documentation establishing its ability to accurately represent the water balance within the landfill unit.

(ii) Any groundwater and contaminant fate and transport modeling ((shall))must be conducted by a licensed professional in accordance with the requirements of chapter 18.220 RCW, Geologists, and meet the following performance standards:

(A) The model ((shall))must have supporting documentation that establishes the ability of those methods to represent groundwater flow and contaminant transport under the conditions at the site;

(B) The model ((shall))must be calibrated against site-specific field data;

(C) A sensitivity analysis ((shall))must be conducted to measure the model's response to changes in the values assigned to major parameters, specific tolerances, and numerically assigned space and time discretizations;

(D) The value of the model's parameters requiring site-specific data ((shall))must be based upon actual field or laboratory measurements; and

(E) The values of the model's parameters that do not require site-specific data ((shall))must be supported by laboratory test results or equivalent methods documenting the validity of the chosen parameter values.

(((g)))(h) Seismic impact zones. Limited purpose landfills located in seismic impact zones ((shall))must be designed and constructed so that all containment structures, including liners, leachate collection systems, surface water control systems, gas management, and closure cover systems are able to resist the maximum horizontal acceleration in ((lithified)) earth materials for the site.

(((h)))(i) The owner or operator of limited purpose landfills located in an unstable area ((shall))must demonstrate that engineering measures have been incorporated into the landfill's design to ensure that the integrity of the structural components of the landfill will not be disrupted. The owner or operator ((shall))must place the demonstration in the application for a permit. The owner or operator ((shall))must consider the following factors, at a minimum, when determining whether an area is unstable:

(i) On-site or local soil conditions that may result in significant differential settling, surface rupture, or liquefaction;

(ii) On-site or local geologic or geomorphologic features indicating differential settling, surface rupture, or liquefaction; and

(iii) On-site or local human-made features or events (both surface and subsurface) indicating differential settling, surface rupture, or liquefaction.

(((i)))(j) Setback requirements. Limited purpose landfills ((shall))must be designed to provide a setback of at least one hundred feet between the active area and the property boundary. The setback ((shall))must be increased if necessary to:

(i) Control nuisance odors, dust, and litter;

(ii) Provide a space for the placement of monitoring wells, gas probes, run-on/runoff controls, and other design elements; or

(iii) Provide sufficient area to allow proper operation of the landfill and access to environmental monitoring systems and facility structures.

(((4)))(k) Access control and traffic requirements. All limited purpose landfills must:

(6)Limited purpose landfills - Permit requirements - Operating((standards)). The owner or operator of a limited purpose landfill ((shall))must:

(a) Operate the facility ((to:

(III) One hundred parts per million by volume of hydrocarbons (expressed as methane) in offsite structures))in compliance with the performance standards of WAC 173-350-040 and this subsection. In addition, the owner or operator must develop, keep, and follow a plan of operation approved as part of the permitting process. The plan must describe the facility's operation and convey to site operating personnel the concept of operation intended by the designer. The plan of operation must be available for inspection at the request of the jurisdictional health department. If necessary, the plan may be modified with the approval, or at the direction, of the jurisdictional health department. Each plan of operation must include the following:

(A) Controls to ensure that explosive gases generated by the facility do not exceed the criteria of subsection (4)(b) of this section;

(B) A routine explosive gas-monitoring program to ensure that all standards are met. The minimum frequency for monitoring is quarterly. The type and frequency of monitoring ((shall))must be determined based on the following factors:

(I) Soil conditions;

(II) The hydrogeologic conditions surrounding the facility;

(III) The hydraulic conditions surrounding the facility; and

(IV) The location of facility structures and property boundaries;

(C) If explosive gas levels exceed ((those of this))the limits identified in subsection (4)(b) of this section, take all necessary steps to ensure protection of human health including:

(I) Notifying the jurisdictional health department;

(II) Notifying the local fire authority;

(III) Monitoring ((offsite))off-site structures;

(((III)))(IV) Monitoring explosive gas levels daily, unless otherwise authorized by the jurisdictional health department;

(((IV) Evacuation of))(V) Evacuating buildings affected by landfill gas until determined to be safe for occupancy;

(((V)))(VI) Within seven calendar days of the explosive gas levels detection, placing in the operating record the explosive gas levels detected and a description of the steps taken to protect human health and ((provide))providing written notification to the jurisdictional health department; ((and

(VI)))

(VII) Within sixty days of the explosive gas levels detection, implementing a remediation plan for the explosive gas releases, describing the nature and extent of the problem and the remedy. This ((shall))plan must be sent to the jurisdictional health department for approval as an amendment to the plan of operation. A copy of the remediation plan shall be placed in the operating record; and

(((D) Construction))(VIII) When constructing and decommissioning ((of all)) gas monitoring and extraction wells, do so in a manner that protects groundwater and meets the requirements of chapter 173-160 WAC, Minimum standards for construction and maintenance of wells((;)).

(((c) Inspect and maintain the facility to prevent malfunctions and deterioration, operator errors, and discharges that may cause or lead to the release of wastes to the environment or cause a threat to human health.))(viii) A description of how equipment, structures and other systems, including leachate collection, gas collection, run-on/runoff controls, and hydraulic gradient control systems, are to be inspected and maintained, including the frequency of inspection and inspection logs. The inspections ((shall))must be at least weekly, unless an alternate schedule is approved by the jurisdictional health department as part of the permitting process((. The owner or operator shall keep an inspection report or summary));

(ix) A description of how operators will maintain operating records on the amounts (weight or volume) and types of waste received and removed from the facility, and the number of vehicles delivering waste to the facility, including the form or computer printout used to record this information. Facility annual reports must be maintained in the operating record. Facility inspection reports must be maintained in the operating record, including at least the date ((and time)) of inspection, the ((printed)) name and ((the)) signature of the inspector, a notation of observations made, and the date and nature of any needed repairs or ((corrective actions;

(d) Maintain daily operating records on the weights (or volumes), number of vehicles entering and the types of wastes received. Facility inspection reports shall be maintained in the operating record))remedial action. Significant deviations from the plan of operation ((shall))must be noted ((on))in the operating record. Records ((shall))must be ((maintained))kept for a minimum of five years and ((shall))must be available upon request by the jurisdictional health department;

(((e)))(x) A description of safety planning and emergency activities, including:

(c) Prepare and submit a ((copy of an))landfill annual status report and an annual monitoring report to the jurisdictional health department and the department by April 1st of each year on forms provided by the department. ((The))These annual reports((shall))must cover landfill activities during the previous calendar year and ((shall))must include the following information:

(i) Name and address of the facility;

(ii) Calendar year covered by the report;

(iii) Annual ((quantity))quantities and types of waste accepted in tons or cubic yards with an estimate of density in pounds per cubic yard;

(iv) ((Results of groundwater monitoring in accordance with WAC 173-350-500;

(v))) Applicable financial assurance reviews and audit findings in accordance with WAC 173-350-600; and

(((vi)))(v) Any additional information required by the jurisdictional health department as a condition of the permit((;

(vi) Other such details to demonstrate that the landfill will be operated in accordance with this subsection and as required by the jurisdictional health department)).

(((5)))(7)Limited purpose landfills - Permit requirements - Groundwater monitoring((requirements)). Limited purpose landfills are subject to the groundwater monitoring requirements of WAC 173-350-500.

(((6)))(8)Limited purpose landfills - Permit requirements - Closure((requirements)). The following ((closure)) requirements apply ((in full)) to facilities with limited purpose landfills:

(a) The owner or operator must develop, keep, and follow a closure plan approved by the jurisdictional health department as part of the permitting process. At a minimum, the closure plan must include the following information:

(b) When the facility is ending active disposal operations the owner or operator ((shall))must notify the jurisdictional health department, and where applicable, the financial assurance instrument provider, one hundred eighty days in advance of closure of the facility, or any portion thereof. The facility, or any portion thereof, ((shall))must close in a manner that:

(i) Minimizes the need for further maintenance;

(ii) Controls, minimizes, or eliminates threats to human health and the environment from post-closure escape of solid waste constituents, leachate, landfill gases, contaminated runoff, or waste decomposition products to the ground, groundwater, surface water, and the atmosphere; and

(iii) Prepares the facility, or any portion thereof, for the post-closure period.

(((b)))(c) The owner or operator ((shall))must commence implementation of the closure plan in part or whole within thirty days after receipt of the final volume of waste and/or attaining the final landfill elevation at part of or at the entire landfill as identified in the approved facility closure plan unless otherwise specified in the closure plan((.

(f)));

(d) When landfill closure is completed in part or whole, the owner or operator ((shall))must submit ((the following)) to the jurisdictional health department((:

(h)))a certification by a professional engineer registered in the state of Washington, that the landfill, or a portion thereof, has been closed in accordance with the approved closure plan;

(f) The jurisdictional health department ((shall))will notify the owner or operator, the department, and the financial assurance instrument provider, of the date when the jurisdictional health department has verified that the facility, or a portion thereof, has been closed in accordance with the specifications of the approved closure plan and the closure requirements of this section, at which time the post-closure period ((shall)) commences.

(((7) Limited purpose landfills - Post-closure requirements. The following post-closure requirements apply in full to facilities with limited purpose landfills: