2319-S2.E AMS LUDW S5707.2
E2SHB 2319 - S AMD TO S AMD (S-5375.4/94) - 480
By Senators Ludwig and Franklin
On page 60, beginning on line 27 of the amendment, strike all of sections 437 through 443
Renumber the sections consecutively and correct any internal references accordingly.
E2SHB 2319 - S AMD TO S AMD (S-5375.4/94)
By Senator
On page 139, beginning on line 21 of the amendment, strike all of section 514
Renumber the sections consecutively and correct any internal references accordingly.
E2SHB 2319 - S AMD TO S AMD (S-5375.4/94)
By Senator
On page 151, after line 6 of the amendment, insert the following:
"PART VII. JUVENILE JUSTICE PROVISIONS, EFFECTIVE JULY 1, 1994
NEW SECTION. Sec. 701. The legislature finds that the incidence of juvenile crime has escalated at an alarming rate, and that the state's juvenile rehabilitation system needs major adjustments in order to respond.
The current system lacks adequate bed space, adequate population forecasting, an effective sentencing scheme, an appropriate inmate classification system, and sufficient judicial discretion in sentencing young offenders.
These defects have often resulted in sentences that are driven by fiscal policy, and not by rehabilitative or punitive principles; and
Washington must develop a juvenile offender rehabilitation system that truly emphasizes public safety, offender responsibility, and offender rehabilitation.
Sec. 702. RCW 13.50.010 and 1993 c 374 s 1 are each amended to read as follows:
(1) For purposes of this chapter:
(a) "Juvenile justice or care agency" means any of the following: Police, diversion units, court, prosecuting attorney, defense attorney, detention center, attorney general, the department of social and health services and its contracting agencies, schools, juvenile justice advisory committees of county law and justice councils; and, in addition, persons or public or private agencies having children committed to their custody;
(b) "Official juvenile court file" means the legal file of the juvenile court containing the petition or information, motions, memorandums, briefs, findings of the court, and court orders;
(c) "Social
file" means the juvenile court file containing the records and reports of
the ((probation)) community supervision counselor;
(d) "Records" means the official juvenile court file, the social file, and records of any other juvenile justice or care agency in the case.
(2) Each petition or information filed with the court may include only one juvenile and each petition or information shall be filed under a separate docket number. The social file shall be filed separately from the official juvenile court file.
(3) It is the duty of any juvenile justice or care agency to maintain accurate records. To this end:
(a) The agency may never knowingly record inaccurate information. Any information in records maintained by the department of social and health services relating to a petition filed pursuant to chapter 13.34 RCW that is found by the court, upon proof presented, to be false or inaccurate shall be corrected or expunged from such records by the agency;
(b) An agency shall
take reasonable steps to ((insure)) assure the security of its
records and prevent tampering with them; and
(c) An agency shall make reasonable efforts to insure the completeness of its records, including action taken by other agencies with respect to matters in its files.
(4) Each juvenile justice or care agency shall implement procedures consistent with the provisions of this chapter to facilitate inquiries concerning records.
(5) Any person who has reasonable cause to believe information concerning that person is included in the records of a juvenile justice or care agency and who has been denied access to those records by the agency may make a motion to the court for an order authorizing that person to inspect the juvenile justice or care agency record concerning that person. The court shall grant the motion to examine records unless it finds that in the interests of justice or in the best interests of the juvenile the records or parts of them should remain confidential.
(6) A juvenile, or his or her parents, or any person who has reasonable cause to believe information concerning that person is included in the records of a juvenile justice or care agency may make a motion to the court challenging the accuracy of any information concerning the moving party in the record or challenging the continued possession of the record by the agency. If the court grants the motion, it shall order the record or information to be corrected or destroyed.
(7) The person making a motion under subsection (5) or (6) of this section shall give reasonable notice of the motion to all parties to the original action and to any agency whose records will be affected by the motion.
(8) The court may permit inspection of records by, or release of information to, any clinic, hospital, or agency which has the subject person under care or treatment, or to individuals or agencies engaged in legitimate research for educational, scientific, or public purposes, including juvenile justice advisory committees of county law and justice councils. The court may also permit inspection of, or release of information from, records which have been sealed pursuant to RCW 13.50.050(11). Access to records or information for research purposes shall be permitted only if the anonymity of all persons mentioned in the records or information will be preserved. Each person granted permission to inspect juvenile justice or care agency records for research purposes shall present a notarized statement to the court stating that the names of juveniles and parents will remain confidential.
(9) Juvenile detention facilities shall release records to the juvenile disposition standards commission under RCW 13.40.025 upon request. The commission shall not disclose the names of any juveniles or parents mentioned in the records without the named individual's written permission.
Sec. 703. RCW 72.09.300 and 1993 sp.s. c 21 s 8 are each amended to read as follows:
(1) Every county legislative authority shall by resolution or ordinance establish a local law and justice council. The county legislative authority shall determine the size and composition of the council, which shall include the county sheriff and a representative of the municipal police departments within the county, the county prosecutor and a representative of the municipal prosecutors within the county, a representative of the city legislative authorities within the county, a representative of the county's superior, juvenile, district, and municipal courts, the county jail administrator, the county clerk, the county risk manager, and the secretary of corrections. Officials designated may appoint representatives.
(2) A combination of counties may establish a local law and justice council by intergovernmental agreement. The agreement shall comply with the requirements of this section.
(3) The local law and justice council shall develop a local law and justice plan for the county. The council shall design the elements and scope of the plan, subject to final approval by the county legislative authority. The general intent of the plan shall include seeking means to maximize local resources including personnel and facilities, reduce duplication of services, and share resources between local and state government in order to accomplish local efficiencies without diminishing effectiveness. The plan shall also include a section on jail management. This section may include the following elements:
(a) A description of current jail conditions, including whether the jail is overcrowded;
(b) A description of potential alternatives to incarceration;
(c) A description of current jail resources;
(d) A description of the jail population as it presently exists and how it is projected to change in the future;
(e) A description of projected future resource requirements;
(f) A proposed action plan, which shall include recommendations to maximize resources, maximize the use of intermediate sanctions, minimize overcrowding, avoid duplication of services, and effectively manage the jail and the offender population;
(g) A list of proposed advisory jail standards and methods to effect periodic quality assurance inspections of the jail;
(h) A proposed plan to collect, synthesize, and disseminate technical information concerning local criminal justice activities, facilities, and procedures;
(i) A description of existing and potential services for offenders including employment services, substance abuse treatment, mental health services, and housing referral services.
(4) The council may propose other elements of the plan, which shall be subject to review and approval by the county legislative authority, prior to their inclusion into the plan.
(5) The county legislative authority may request technical assistance in developing or implementing the plan from other units or agencies of state or local government, which shall include the department, the office of financial management, and the Washington association of sheriffs and police chiefs.
(6) Upon receiving a request for assistance from a county, the department may provide the requested assistance.
(7) The secretary may adopt rules for the submittal, review, and approval of all requests for assistance made to the department. The secretary may also appoint an advisory committee of local and state government officials to recommend policies and procedures relating to the state and local correctional systems and to assist the department in providing technical assistance to local governments. The committee shall include representatives of the county sheriffs, the police chiefs, the county prosecuting attorneys, the county and city legislative authorities, and the jail administrators. The secretary may contract with other state and local agencies and provide funding in order to provide the assistance requested by counties.
(8) The department shall establish a base level of state correctional services, which shall be determined and distributed in a consistent manner state-wide. The department's contributions to any local government, approved pursuant to this section, shall not operate to reduce this base level of services.
(9) The council shall establish an advisory committee on juvenile justice proportionality. The council shall appoint the county juvenile court administrator and at least five citizens as advisory committee members. The citizen advisory committee members shall be representative of the county's ethnic and geographic diversity. The advisory committee members shall serve two-year terms and may be reappointed. The duties of the advisory committee include:
(a) Monitoring and reporting to the juvenile disposition standards commission on the proportionality, effectiveness, and cultural relevance of:
(i) The rehabilitative goals required by juvenile offender dispositions;
(ii) The rehabilitative services offered by county and state institutions to juvenile offenders; and
(iii) The rehabilitative services offered in conjunction with diversions, deferred sentences, community supervision, and parole;
(b) Reviewing citizen complaints regarding bias or disproportionality in that county's juvenile justice system;
(c) By September 1 of each year, beginning with 1995, submit to the juvenile disposition standards commission a report summarizing the advisory committee's findings under (a) and (b) of this subsection.
NEW SECTION. Sec. 704. (1) The office of the administrator for the courts shall convene a work group to recommend to the legislature standards to guide the court's discretion at significant stages of the juvenile justice process. The work group shall consist of two juvenile court judges, two juvenile court administrators, two prosecuting attorneys or deputy prosecuting attorneys actively practicing in juvenile court, and two defense attorneys actively practicing in juvenile court. The work group shall, by September 1, 1994, recommend to the appropriate committees of the legislature standards to guide:
(a) The decision to defer adjudication;
(b) The decision to suspend a sentence;
(c) The setting of rehabilitative goals in a disposition order that includes commitment to the department of social and health services;
(d) The determination that a juvenile has or has not met the rehabilitative goals during the term of commitment to the department of social and health services; and
(e) The decision to set a date for a juvenile's release from the department of social and health services' custody.
(2) The office of the administrator for the courts shall convene a work group of at least five juvenile court administrators to establish a state-wide uniform process for conducting the predisposition evaluation required by section 803, chapter . . ., Laws of 1994 (section 803 of this act).
The work group shall, by January 1, 1995, provide to the office of the administrator for the courts a recommendation for a state-wide uniform evaluation process.
Sec. 705. RCW 13.40.020 and 1993 c 373 s 1 are each amended to read as follows:
For the purposes of this chapter:
(1) "Serious
offender" means a person ((fifteen years of age or older)) who has
committed an offense which if committed by an adult would be:
(a) A class A felony, or an attempt to commit a class A felony;
(b) Manslaughter in the first degree; or
(c) Assault in the
second degree, extortion in the first degree, child molestation in the second
degree, kidnapping in the second degree, robbery in the second degree,
residential burglary, or burglary in the second degree, where such offenses
include the infliction of bodily harm upon another or where during the
commission of or immediate withdrawal from such an offense the perpetrator is
armed with a deadly weapon ((or firearm as defined in RCW 9A.04.110));
(2) "Community service" means compulsory service, without compensation, performed for the benefit of the community by the offender as punishment for committing an offense. Community service may be performed through public or private organizations or through work crews;
(3) "Community supervision" means an order of disposition by the court of an adjudicated youth not committed to the department and an order granting a deferred adjudication pursuant to section 712 of this act. A community supervision order for a single offense may be for a period of up to two years for a sex offense as defined by RCW 9.94A.030 and up to one year for other offenses. As a mandatory condition of any term of community supervision, the court shall order the juvenile to refrain from committing new offenses. As a mandatory condition of community supervision, the court shall order the juvenile to comply with the mandatory school attendance provisions of chapter 28A.225 RCW and to inform the school of the existence of this requirement. Community supervision is an individualized program comprised of one or more of the following:
(a) Community-based sanctions;
(b) Community-based rehabilitation;
(c) Monitoring and reporting requirements;
(4) Community-based sanctions may include one or more of the following:
(a) A fine, not to exceed one hundred dollars;
(b) Community service not to exceed one hundred fifty hours of service;
(5) "Community-based rehabilitation" means one or more of the following: Attendance of information classes; counseling, outpatient substance abuse treatment programs, outpatient mental health programs, anger management classes, or other services; or attendance at school or other educational programs appropriate for the juvenile as determined by the school district. Placement in community-based rehabilitation programs is subject to available funds;
(6) "Monitoring
and reporting requirements" means one or more of the following: Curfews;
requirements to remain at home, school, work, or court-ordered treatment
programs during specified hours; restrictions from leaving or entering
specified geographical areas; requirements to report to the ((probation))
community supervision officer as directed and to remain under the ((probation))
community supervision officer's supervision; and other conditions or
limitations as the court may require which may not include confinement;
(7) "Confinement" means physical custody by the department of social and health services in a facility operated by or pursuant to a contract with the state, or physical custody in a detention facility operated by or pursuant to a contract with any county. The county may operate or contract with vendors to operate county detention facilities. The department may operate or contract to operate detention facilities for juveniles committed to the department. Pretrial confinement or confinement of less than thirty-one days imposed as part of a disposition or modification order may be served consecutively or intermittently, in the discretion of the court and may be served in a detention group home, detention foster home, or with electronic monitoring. Detention group homes and detention foster homes used for confinement shall not also be used for the placement of dependent children. Confinement in detention group homes and detention foster homes and electronic monitoring are subject to available funds;
(8) "Court", when used without further qualification, means the juvenile court judge(s) or commissioner(s);
(9) "Criminal history" includes all criminal complaints against the respondent for which, prior to the commission of a current offense:
(a) The allegations were found correct by a court. If a respondent is convicted of two or more charges arising out of the same course of conduct, only the highest charge from among these shall count as an offense for the purposes of this chapter; or
(b) The criminal complaint was diverted by a prosecutor pursuant to the provisions of this chapter on agreement of the respondent and after an advisement to the respondent that the criminal complaint would be considered as part of the respondent's criminal history. Successfully completed deferred adjudications shall not be considered part of the respondent's criminal history;
(10) "Department" means the department of social and health services;
(11) "Detention facility" means a county facility for the physical confinement of a juvenile alleged to have committed an offense or an adjudicated offender subject to a disposition or modification order;
(12) "Diversion
unit" means any ((probation)) community supervision
counselor who enters into a diversion agreement with an alleged youthful
offender, or any other person, community accountability board, or other
entity except a law enforcement official or entity, with whom the juvenile
court administrator has contracted to arrange and supervise such agreements
pursuant to RCW 13.40.080, or any person, community accountability board,
or other entity specially funded by the legislature to arrange and
supervise diversion agreements in accordance with the requirements of this
chapter. For purposes of this subsection, "community accountability
board" means a board comprised of members of the local community in which
the juvenile offender resides. The superior court shall appoint the members.
The boards shall consist of at least three and not more than seven members. If
possible, the board should include a variety of representatives from the community,
such as a law enforcement officer, teacher or school administrator, high school
student, parent, and business owner, and should represent the cultural
diversity of the local community;
(13) "Institution" means a juvenile facility established pursuant to chapters 72.05 and 72.16 through 72.20 RCW;
(14) "Juvenile," "youth," and "child" mean any individual who is under the chronological age of eighteen years and who has not been previously transferred to adult court pursuant to RCW 13.40.110 or who is otherwise under adult court jurisdiction;
(15) "Juvenile offender" means any juvenile who has been found by the juvenile court to have committed an offense, including a person eighteen years of age or older over whom jurisdiction has been extended under RCW 13.40.300;
(16) "Manifest injustice" means a disposition that would either impose an excessive penalty on the juvenile, would fail to promote the juvenile's best rehabilitative interest, or would impose a serious, and clear danger to society in light of the purposes of this chapter;
(17) "Middle
offender" means a person who has committed an offense and who is neither a
minor ((or first)) offender nor a serious offender;
(18) "Minor ((or
first)) offender" means a person ((sixteen years of age or younger))
whose current offense(s) and criminal history fall entirely within one of the
following categories:
(a) Four misdemeanors;
(b) Two misdemeanors and one gross misdemeanor;
(c) One misdemeanor and two gross misdemeanors; or
(d) Three gross
misdemeanors((;
(e) One class C
felony except manslaughter in the second degree and one misdemeanor or gross
misdemeanor;
(f) One class B
felony except: Any felony which constitutes an attempt to commit a class A
felony; manslaughter in the first degree; assault in the second degree;
extortion in the first degree; indecent liberties; kidnapping in the second
degree; robbery in the second degree; burglary in the second degree;
residential burglary; vehicular homicide; or arson in the second degree)).
For purposes of this definition, current violations shall be counted as misdemeanors;
(19) "Offense" means an act designated a violation or a crime if committed by an adult under the law of this state, under any ordinance of any city or county of this state, under any federal law, or under the law of another state if the act occurred in that state;
(20) "Placement out of the home" means placement for twenty-four hour residential care in foster or group care or with a court-approved custodian. Placement out of the home in county or state-funded placements is subject to available funds and beds;
(21) "Respondent" means a juvenile who is alleged or proven to have committed an offense;
(((21))) (22)
"Restitution" means financial reimbursement by the offender to the
victim, and shall be limited to easily ascertainable damages for injury to or
loss of property, actual expenses incurred for medical treatment for physical
injury to persons, lost wages resulting from physical injury, and costs of the
victim's counseling reasonably related to the offense if the offense is a sex
offense. Restitution shall not include reimbursement for damages for mental
anguish, pain and suffering, or other intangible losses. Nothing in this
chapter shall limit or replace civil remedies or defenses available to the
victim or offender;
(((22))) (23)
"Secretary" means the secretary of the department of social and
health services;
(((23))) (24)
"Services" mean services which provide alternatives to incarceration
for those juveniles who have pleaded or been adjudicated guilty of an offense
or have signed a diversion agreement pursuant to this chapter;
(((24))) (25)
"Sex offense" means an offense defined as a sex offense in RCW
9.94A.030;
(((25))) (26)
"Sexual motivation" means that one of the purposes for which the
respondent committed the offense was for the purpose of his or her sexual
gratification;
(((26))) (27)
"Foster care" means temporary physical care in a foster family home
or group care facility as defined in RCW 74.15.020 and licensed by the
department, or other legally authorized care;
(((27))) (28)
"Violation" means an act or omission, which if committed by an adult,
must be proven beyond a reasonable doubt, and is punishable by sanctions which
do not include incarceration.
Sec. 706. RCW 13.40.025 and 1986 c 288 s 8 are each amended to read as follows:
(1) There is established a juvenile disposition standards commission to propose disposition standards to the legislature in accordance with RCW 13.40.030 and perform the other responsibilities set forth in this chapter.
(2) The commission
shall be composed of the secretary or the secretary's designee and the
following ((nine)) members appointed by the governor, subject to confirmation
by the senate: (a) ((A)) Two superior court judges; (b)
((a)) two prosecuting ((attorney)) or deputy prosecuting
attorneys; (c) a law enforcement officer; (d) an administrator of
juvenile court services; (e) ((a)) two public defenders
actively practicing in juvenile court; (f) a county legislative official or
county executive; and (g) three other persons who have demonstrated significant
interest in the adjudication and disposition of juvenile offenders. Additionally,
the speaker of the house of representatives and the president of the senate
shall each appoint two nonvoting members to the commission, one from each of
the two largest caucuses in each house. In making the appointments, the
governor shall seek the recommendations of the association of superior court
judges in respect to the members who ((is a)) are superior
court judges; of Washington prosecutors in respect to the prosecuting ((attorney))
or deputy prosecuting attorney members; of the Washington association of
sheriffs and police chiefs in respect to the member who is a law enforcement
officer; of juvenile court administrators in respect to the member who is a
juvenile court administrator; and of the state bar association in respect to
the public defender member; and of the Washington association of counties in
respect to the member who is either a county legislative official or county
executive.
(3) The ((secretary
or the secretary's designee)) governor shall ((serve as chairman))
designate the chair of the commission, who shall be neither the
secretary nor the secretary's designee.
(4) The secretary
shall serve on the commission during the secretary's tenure as secretary of the
department. The term of the remaining members of the commission shall be three
years. The initial terms shall be determined by lot conducted at the commission's
first meeting as follows: (a) Four members shall serve ((a two-year)) one-year
terms; ((and)) (b) four members shall serve ((a three-year))
two-year term; and (c) six members shall serve three-year terms.
In the event of a vacancy, the appointing authority shall designate a new
member to complete the remainder of the unexpired term.
(5) Commission members shall be reimbursed for travel expenses as provided in RCW 43.03.050 and 43.03.060. Members shall be compensated in accordance with RCW 43.03.240.
(6) The commission shall meet at least once every three months.
Sec. 707. RCW 13.40.027 and 1993 c 415 s 9 are each amended to read as follows:
(1) It is the responsibility of the commission to:
(a)(i) Evaluate the
effectiveness of existing disposition standards and related statutes in
implementing policies set forth in RCW 13.40.010 generally((,));
(ii) ((specifically))
Review ((the guidelines relating to the confinement of minor and
first offenders as well as)) the use of diversion, ((and)) deferred
adjudications, suspended confinement or commitment, and out of home placements;
(iii) Review the application of current and proposed juvenile sentencing standards and guidelines for potential adverse impacts on the sentencing outcomes of racial and ethnic minority youth; and
(iv) Evaluate the effectiveness of existing disposition standards in light of juvenile offenders' rehabilitative needs;
(b) Solicit the
comments and suggestions of the juvenile justice community, including
juvenile justice advisory committees of local law and justice councils,
concerning disposition standards, effectiveness, and proportionality; ((and))
(c) Make
recommendations to the legislature regarding revisions or modifications of the
disposition standards ((in accordance with RCW 13.40.030));
(d) Implement a comprehensive tracking program to analyze recidivism among juvenile offenders, particularly among offenders who receive alternatives such as diversion, deferred adjudication, and suspended confinement or commitment. The commission shall include information and statistics about juvenile recidivism in the commission's annual report;
(e) If the commission identifies racial or other disproportionalities at any stage of administration of juvenile justice, identify the disproportionalities in the annual report and make recommendations for corrective measures; and
(f) Review the instances in which the court enters a finding pursuant to RCW 13.40.160(9) that the court has declined to exercise a disposition option due to lack of funds, services, or bed space. The commission shall document the number and circumstances of these findings in its annual report.
The evaluations shall
be submitted to the legislature on December 1 of each ((even-numbered))
year ((thereafter)).
(2)(a) If
sufficient funds are not provided for (b) of this subsection, it is the
responsibility of the department to: (((a))) (i) Provide the
commission with available data concerning the implementation of the disposition
standards and related statutes and their effect on the performance of the
department's responsibilities relating to juvenile offenders; (((b))) (ii)
at the request of the commission, provide technical and administrative
assistance to the commission in the performance of its responsibilities; and (((c)))
(iii) provide the commission and legislature with recommendations for
modification of the disposition standards.
(b) If sufficient funds are provided for this subsection (2)(b), the commission may use the staff, resources, and executive officer of the sentencing guidelines commission. The office of financial management may determine the number of additional staff needed to supplement the staff of the sentencing guidelines commission in order to provide the juvenile disposition standards commission with a research staff of sufficient size and with sufficient resources to accomplish its duties.
(3) The commission may request from the office of financial management, the administrator for the courts, local law and justice councils, and the department such data, information, and data processing assistance as it may need to accomplish its duties, and the services shall be provided without cost to the commission. The department and other organizations or individuals shall provide the commission and the legislature with recommendations for modification of the disposition standards. The commission shall have rule-making authority to develop a system for fulfilling its identified data needs.
(4) The commission shall conduct a study to determine the capacity of rehabilitative facilities and programs that are or will be available. While the commission need not consider the capacity in arriving at its recommendations, the commission shall project whether the implementation of its recommendations would result in exceeding the capacity.
(5) The commission shall adopt its own bylaws.
NEW SECTION. Sec. 708. The office of the administrator for the courts, in conjunction with the juvenile disposition standards commission and the juvenile justice advisory committees of local law and justice councils, shall prepare and provide to the legislature a report on the use of disposition options such as diversion, deferred adjudication, suspended confinement, and out-of-home placements, as provided in chapter . . ., Laws of 1994 (this act). This report shall be provided prior to the 1995 regular legislative session, and it shall contain statistical information and analysis of the use of these disposition options as of the date of the report.
Sec. 709. RCW 13.40.030 and 1989 c 407 s 3 are each amended to read as follows:
(((1)(a) The
juvenile disposition standards commission shall recommend to the legislature no
later than November 1st of each year disposition standards for all offenses.
The standards shall establish, in accordance with the purposes of this chapter,
ranges which may include terms of confinement and/or community supervision
established on the basis of a youth's age, the instant offense, and the history
and seriousness of previous offenses, but in no case may the period of
confinement and supervision exceed that to which an adult may be subjected for
the same offense(s). Standards recommended for offenders listed in RCW
13.40.020(1) shall include a range of confinement which may not be less than
thirty days. No standard range may include a period of confinement which
includes both more than thirty, and thirty or less, days. Disposition
standards recommended by the commission shall provide that in all cases where a
youth is sentenced to a term of confinement in excess of thirty days the
department may impose an additional period of parole not to exceed eighteen
months. Standards of confinement which may be proposed may relate only to the
length of the proposed terms and not to the nature of the security to be
imposed. In developing recommended disposition standards, the commission shall
consider the capacity of the state juvenile facilities and the projected impact
of the proposed standards on that capacity.
(b))) The secretary shall submit guidelines
pertaining to the nature of the security to be imposed on youth placed in his
or her custody based on the age, offense(s), and criminal history of the
juvenile offender. Such guidelines shall be submitted to the appropriate committees
of the legislature for its review no later than November 1st of each year.
At the same time the secretary shall submit a report on security at juvenile
facilities during the preceding year. The report shall include the number of
escapes from each juvenile facility, the most serious offense for which each
escapee had been confined, the number and nature of offenses found to have been
committed by juveniles while on escape status, the number of authorized leaves
granted, the number of failures to comply with leave requirements, the number
and nature of offenses committed while on leave, and the number and nature of
offenses committed by juveniles while in the community on minimum security
status; to the extent this information is available to the secretary. The
department shall include security status definitions in the security guidelines
it submits to the legislature pursuant to this section.
(((2) In developing
recommendations for the permissible ranges of confinement under this section
the commission shall be subject to the following limitations:
(a) Where the
maximum term in the range is ninety days or less, the minimum term in the range
may be no less than fifty percent of the maximum term in the range;
(b) Where the
maximum term in the range is greater than ninety days but not greater than one
year, the minimum term in the range may be no less than seventy-five percent of
the maximum term in the range; and
(c) Where the
maximum term in the range is more than one year, the minimum term in the range
may be no less than eighty percent of the maximum term in the range.))
Sec. 710. RCW 13.40.070 and 1992 c 205 s 107 are each amended to read as follows:
(1) Complaints referred to the juvenile court alleging the commission of an offense shall be referred directly to the prosecutor. The prosecutor, upon receipt of a complaint, shall screen the complaint to determine whether:
(a) The alleged facts bring the case within the jurisdiction of the court; and
(b) On a basis of available evidence there is probable cause to believe that the juvenile did commit the offense.
(2) If the identical alleged acts constitute an offense under both the law of this state and an ordinance of any city or county of this state, state law shall govern the prosecutor's screening and charging decision for both filed and diverted cases.
(3) If the requirements of subsections (1) (a) and (b) of this section are met, the prosecutor shall either file an information in juvenile court or divert the case, as set forth in subsections (5), (6), and (7) of this section. If the prosecutor finds that the requirements of subsection (1) (a) and (b) of this section are not met, the prosecutor shall maintain a record, for one year, of such decision and the reasons therefor. In lieu of filing an information or diverting an offense a prosecutor may file a motion to modify community supervision where such offense constitutes a violation of community supervision.
(4) An information shall be a plain, concise, and definite written statement of the essential facts constituting the offense charged. It shall be signed by the prosecuting attorney and conform to chapter 10.37 RCW.
(5) Where a case is legally sufficient, the prosecutor shall file an information with the juvenile court if:
(a) An alleged offender is accused of a class A felony, a class B felony, an attempt to commit a class B felony, a class C felony listed in RCW 9.94A.440(2) as a crime against persons or listed in RCW 9A.46.060 as a crime of harassment, or any other offense listed in RCW 13.40.020(1) (b) or (c); or
(b) An alleged
offender is accused of a felony and has a criminal history of ((at least one
class A or class B felony, or two class C felonies)) any felony, or
at least two gross misdemeanors, or at least two misdemeanors ((and one
additional misdemeanor or gross misdemeanor, or at least one class C felony and
one misdemeanor or gross misdemeanor)); or
(c) An alleged offender has previously been committed to the department; or
(d) An alleged offender has been referred by a diversion unit for prosecution or desires prosecution instead of diversion; or
(e) An alleged
offender has ((three)) two or more diversion((s)) contracts
on the alleged offender's criminal history.
(6) Where a case is
legally sufficient the prosecutor shall divert the case if the alleged offense
is a misdemeanor or gross misdemeanor or violation and the alleged ((offense(s)
in combination with the alleged offender's criminal history do not exceed two
offenses or violations and do not include any felonies: PROVIDED, That)) offense
is the offender's first offense or violation. If the alleged offender is
charged with a related offense that must or may be filed under subsections (5)
and (7) of this section, a case under this subsection may also be filed.
(7) Where a case is legally sufficient and falls into neither subsection (5) nor (6) of this section, it may be filed or diverted. In deciding whether to file or divert an offense under this section the prosecutor shall be guided only by the length, seriousness, and recency of the alleged offender's criminal history and the circumstances surrounding the commission of the alleged offense.
(8) Whenever a juvenile is placed in custody or, where not placed in custody, referred to a diversionary interview, the parent or legal guardian of the juvenile shall be notified as soon as possible concerning the allegation made against the juvenile and the current status of the juvenile. Where a case involves victims of crimes against persons or victims whose property has not been recovered at the time a juvenile is referred to a diversionary unit, the victim shall be notified of the referral and informed how to contact the unit.
(9) The
responsibilities of the prosecutor under subsections (1) through (8) of this
section may be performed by a juvenile court ((probation)) community
supervision counselor for any complaint referred to the court alleging the
commission of an offense which would not be a felony if committed by an adult,
if the prosecutor has given sufficient written notice to the juvenile court
that the prosecutor will not review such complaints.
(10) The prosecutor,
juvenile court ((probation)) community supervision counselor, or
diversion unit may, in exercising their authority under this section or RCW
13.40.080, refer juveniles to mediation or victim offender reconciliation
programs. Such mediation or victim offender reconciliation programs shall be
voluntary for victims.
Sec. 711. RCW 13.40.080 and 1992 c 205 s 108 are each amended to read as follows:
(1) A diversion
agreement shall be a contract between a juvenile accused of an offense and a
diversionary unit whereby the juvenile agrees to fulfill certain conditions in
lieu of prosecution. The juvenile's custodial parent or parents or guardian
shall be parties to the diversion agreement. Such agreements may be
entered into only after the prosecutor, or ((probation)) community
supervision counselor pursuant to this chapter, has determined that
probable cause exists to believe that a crime has been committed and that the
juvenile committed it. Such agreements shall be entered into as expeditiously
as possible.
(2) A diversion agreement shall be limited to one or more of the following:
(a) Community service not to exceed one hundred fifty hours, not to be performed during school hours if the juvenile is attending school;
(b) Restitution limited to the amount of actual loss incurred by the victim, and to an amount the juvenile has the means or potential means to pay;
(c) Attendance at up
to ten hours of counseling and/or up to twenty hours of educational or
informational sessions at a community agency((: PROVIDED, That)). The
state shall not be liable for costs resulting from the diversionary unit
exercising the option to permit diversion agreements to mandate attendance at
up to ten hours of counseling and/or up to twenty hours of educational or
informational sessions; ((and))
(d) A fine, not to exceed one hundred dollars. In determining the amount of the fine, the diversion unit shall consider only the juvenile's financial resources and whether the juvenile has the means to pay the fine. The diversion unit shall not consider the financial resources of the juvenile's parents, guardian, or custodian in determining the fine to be imposed; and
(e) Requirements to remain during specified hours at home, school, or work, and restrictions on leaving or entering specified geographical areas.
(3) In assessing periods of community service to be performed and restitution to be paid by a juvenile who has entered into a diversion agreement, the court officer to whom this task is assigned shall consult with the juvenile's custodial parent or parents or guardian and victims who have contacted the diversionary unit and, to the extent possible, involve members of the community. Such members of the community shall meet with the juvenile and advise the court officer as to the terms of the diversion agreement and shall supervise the juvenile in carrying out its terms.
(4) A diversion agreement may not exceed a period of six months and may include a period extending beyond the eighteenth birthday of the divertee. Any restitution assessed during its term may not exceed an amount which the juvenile could be reasonably expected to pay during this period. If additional time is necessary for the juvenile to complete restitution to the victim, the time period limitations of this subsection may be extended by an additional six months.
(5) The juvenile shall retain the right to be referred to the court at any time prior to the signing of the diversion agreement.
(6) Divertees and potential divertees shall be afforded due process in all contacts with a diversionary unit regardless of whether the juveniles are accepted for diversion or whether the diversion program is successfully completed. Such due process shall include, but not be limited to, the following:
(a) A written diversion agreement shall be executed stating all conditions in clearly understandable language;
(b) Violation of the terms of the agreement shall be the only grounds for termination;
(c) No divertee may be terminated from a diversion program without being given a court hearing, which hearing shall be preceded by:
(i) Written notice of alleged violations of the conditions of the diversion program; and
(ii) Disclosure of all evidence to be offered against the divertee;
(d) The hearing shall be conducted by the juvenile court and shall include:
(i) Opportunity to be heard in person and to present evidence;
(ii) The right to confront and cross-examine all adverse witnesses;
(iii) A written statement by the court as to the evidence relied on and the reasons for termination, should that be the decision; and
(iv) Demonstration by evidence that the divertee has substantially violated the terms of his or her diversion agreement.
(e) The prosecutor may file an information on the offense for which the divertee was diverted:
(i) In juvenile court if the divertee is under eighteen years of age; or
(ii) In superior court or the appropriate court of limited jurisdiction if the divertee is eighteen years of age or older.
(7) The diversion unit shall, subject to available funds, be responsible for providing interpreters when juveniles need interpreters to effectively communicate during diversion unit hearings or negotiations.
(8) The diversion unit shall be responsible for advising a divertee of his or her rights as provided in this chapter.
(9) The diversion unit may refer a juvenile to community-based counseling or treatment programs.
(10) The right to counsel shall inure prior to the initial interview for purposes of advising the juvenile as to whether he or she desires to participate in the diversion process or to appear in the juvenile court. The juvenile may be represented by counsel at any critical stage of the diversion process, including intake interviews and termination hearings. The juvenile shall be fully advised at the intake of his or her right to an attorney and of the relevant services an attorney can provide. For the purpose of this section, intake interviews mean all interviews regarding the diversion agreement process.
The juvenile shall be
advised that a diversion agreement shall constitute a part of the juvenile's
criminal history as defined by RCW 13.40.020(9) ((as now or hereafter
amended)). A signed acknowledgment of such advisement shall be obtained
from the juvenile, and the document shall be maintained by the diversionary
unit together with the diversion agreement, and a copy of both documents shall
be delivered to the prosecutor if requested by the prosecutor. The supreme
court shall promulgate rules setting forth the content of such advisement in
simple language.
(11) When a juvenile enters into a diversion agreement, the juvenile court may receive only the following information for dispositional purposes:
(a) The fact that a charge or charges were made;
(b) The fact that a diversion agreement was entered into;
(c) The juvenile's obligations under such agreement;
(d) Whether the alleged offender performed his or her obligations under such agreement; and
(e) The facts of the alleged offense.
(12) A diversionary unit may refuse to enter into a diversion agreement with a juvenile. When a diversionary unit refuses to enter a diversion agreement with a juvenile, it shall immediately refer such juvenile to the court for action and shall forward to the court the criminal complaint and a detailed statement of its reasons for refusing to enter into a diversion agreement. The diversionary unit shall also immediately refer the case to the prosecuting attorney for action if such juvenile violates the terms of the diversion agreement.
(13) A diversionary
unit may, in instances where it determines that the act or omission of an act
for which a juvenile has been referred to it involved no victim, or where it
determines that the juvenile referred to it has no prior criminal history and is
alleged to have committed an illegal act involving no threat of or instance of
actual physical harm and involving not more than fifty dollars in property loss
or damage and that there is no loss outstanding to the person or firm suffering
such damage or loss, counsel and release or release such a juvenile without
entering into a diversion agreement. A diversion unit's authority to counsel
and release a juvenile under this subsection shall include the authority to
refer the juvenile to community-based counseling or treatment programs. Any
juvenile released under this subsection shall be advised that the act or
omission of any act for which he or she had been referred shall constitute a
part of the juvenile's criminal history as defined by RCW 13.40.020(9) ((as
now or hereafter amended)). A signed acknowledgment of such advisement
shall be obtained from the juvenile, and the document shall be maintained by
the unit, and a copy of the document shall be delivered to the prosecutor if
requested by the prosecutor. The supreme court shall promulgate rules setting
forth the content of such advisement in simple language. A juvenile determined
to be eligible by a diversionary unit for release as provided in this
subsection shall retain the same right to counsel and right to have his or her
case referred to the court for formal action as any other juvenile referred to
the unit.
(14) A diversion unit may supervise the fulfillment of a diversion agreement entered into before the juvenile's eighteenth birthday and which includes a period extending beyond the divertee's eighteenth birthday.
(15) If a fine required by a diversion agreement cannot reasonably be paid due to a change of circumstance, the diversion agreement may be modified at the request of the divertee and with the concurrence of the diversion unit to convert an unpaid fine into community service. The modification of the diversion agreement shall be in writing and signed by the divertee and the diversion unit. The number of hours of community service in lieu of a monetary penalty shall be converted at the rate of the prevailing state minimum wage per hour.
(16) Fines imposed under this section shall be collected and paid into the county general fund in accordance with procedures established by the juvenile court administrator under RCW 13.04.040 and may be used only for juvenile services. In the expenditure of funds for juvenile services, there shall be a maintenance of effort whereby counties exhaust existing resources before using amounts collected under this section.
NEW SECTION. Sec. 712. A new section is added to chapter 13.40 RCW to read as follows:
(1) At any time before adjudication, the juvenile court has the power, after consulting the juvenile's custodial parent or parents or guardian and with the consent of the juvenile, to continue the case for a period not to exceed one year from the date of entry of the plea or finding of guilt. The court may continue the case for an additional one-year period for good cause.
(2) Any juvenile granted a deferral of adjudication under this section shall be placed under community supervision for up to one year. The court may impose any conditions of supervision that it deems appropriate. Payment of restitution, as provided in RCW 13.40.190 shall also be a condition of community supervision under this section.
(3) Upon full compliance with such conditions of supervision, the court shall dismiss the case with prejudice.
(4) If the juvenile fails to comply with the terms of supervision, the court shall enter an order of adjudication and proceed to disposition. The juvenile's lack of compliance shall be determined by the judge upon written motion by the prosecutor or the juvenile's juvenile court community supervision counselor. The state shall bear the burden to prove by a preponderance of the evidence that the juvenile has failed to comply with the terms of community supervision. (5) If the juvenile agrees to a deferral of adjudication, the juvenile shall waive all rights:
(a) To a speedy trial and disposition;
(b) To call and confront witnesses; and
(c) To a hearing on the record. The adjudicatory hearing shall be limited to a reading of the court's record.
(6)(a) In addition to imposing conditions of community supervision, the court may order that the juvenile be placed in a placement out of the home if the court finds that the child is in need of supervision and that placement of the child out of the home is in the child's best interests. The court shall consider the following factors, among others, when determining whether to place the child out of the home:
(i) The age of the youth;
(ii) Whether the child has a history of running away from home, school absences, drug or alcohol abuse, assaultive behavior, curfew violations, or is beyond the control of his or her parent to the extent that the child's behavior substantially endangers the health, safety, or welfare of the child or any other person;
(iii) The community supervision officer's report concerning the family environment;
(iv) Assessment of the child's chances of successfully complying with the terms of community supervision if the child remains in the home; and
(v) The wishes of the parents, the parent's willingness and ability to assist the child in complying with the terms of community supervision, and the parent's willingness and ability to voluntarily attend counseling or parenting seminars, or to seek treatment if the parent, in the court's determination, has drug or alcohol problems, mental health problems, or anger management problems.
(b) If the court finds that placement out of the home is necessary and is in the best interests of the juvenile and community and that reasonable efforts have been made to prevent out-of-home placement, the court shall order an out-of-home placement, subject to available funds and beds. The order shall be directed to the receiving agency or person. In determining the location of the out-of-home placement the court shall consider the needs of the juvenile, the juvenile's family, and the community. The court shall first consider placement with a relative and shall accord great weight to the juvenile's community supervision officer's placement recommendation.
(c) A placement out of the home shall not exceed one year. The court shall review the placement every ninety days. The juvenile's community supervision officer shall request from the receiving agency or person information on the placement, and the community supervision officer shall include this information and other relevant information in a report to be presented to the court at the placement review. The review shall be conducted administratively.
(d) The court shall enter findings articulating the basis for the placement and the basis for selecting the particular placement.
(e) If the receiving agency or person determines that the juvenile is inappropriately placed, the agency or person may file with the court a petition for reconsideration.
(f) Nothing in this section authorizes a juvenile court judge to place a juvenile in a state-funded out of home placement unless the department agrees to the placement.
(7) This section shall not apply if the juvenile is charged with a violent or sex offense or if the juvenile has had a prior deferred adjudication.
NEW SECTION. Sec. 713. State funds appropriated for the purposes of section 712 of this act in the 1994 supplemental operating budget do not constitute an on-going funding commitment of the state.
Sec. 714. RCW 13.40.0357 and 1989 c 407 s 7 are each amended to read as follows:
SCHEDULE A
DESCRIPTION AND OFFENSE CATEGORY
JUVENILE
JUVENILE DISPOSITION
DISPOSITION CATEGORY FOR ATTEMPT,
OFFENSE BAILJUMP, CONSPIRACY,
CATEGORY DESCRIPTION (RCW CITATION) OR SOLICITATION
.................................................................
Arson and Malicious Mischief
A Arson 1 (9A.48.020) B+
B Arson 2 (9A.48.030) C
C Reckless Burning 1 (9A.48.040) D
D Reckless Burning 2 (9A.48.050) E
B Malicious Mischief 1 (9A.48.070) C
C Malicious Mischief 2 (9A.48.080) D
D Malicious Mischief 3 (<$50 is
E class) (9A.48.090) E
E Tampering with Fire Alarm
Apparatus (9.40.100) E
A Possession of Incendiary Device
(9.40.120) B+
Assault and Other Crimes
Involving Physical Harm
A Assault 1 (9A.36.011) B+
B+ Assault 2 (9A.36.021) C+
C+ Assault 3 (9A.36.031) D+
D+ Assault 4 (9A.36.041) E
D+ Reckless Endangerment
(9A.36.050) E
C+ Promoting Suicide Attempt
(9A.36.060) D+
D+ Coercion (9A.36.070) E
C+ Custodial Assault (9A.36.100) D+
Burglary and Trespass
B+ Burglary 1 (9A.52.020) C+
B Burglary 2 (9A.52.030) C
D Burglary Tools (Possession of)
(9A.52.060) E
D Criminal Trespass 1 (9A.52.070) E
E Criminal Trespass 2 (9A.52.080) E
D Vehicle Prowling (9A.52.100) E
Drugs
E Possession/Consumption of Alcohol
(66.44.270) E
C Illegally Obtaining Legend Drug
(69.41.020) D
C+ Sale, Delivery, Possession of Legend
Drug with Intent to Sell
(69.41.030) D+
E Possession of Legend Drug
(69.41.030) E
B+ Violation of Uniform Controlled
Substances Act - Narcotic Sale
(69.50.401(a)(1)(i)) B+
C Violation of Uniform Controlled
Substances Act - Nonnarcotic Sale
(69.50.401(a)(1)(ii)) C
E Possession of Marihuana <40 grams
(69.50.401(e)) E
C Fraudulently Obtaining Controlled
Substance (69.50.403) C
C+ Sale of Controlled Substance
for Profit (69.50.410) C+
E ((Glue
Sniffing (9.47A.050))) E
Unlawful Inhalation (9.47A.020)
B Violation of Uniform Controlled
Substances Act - Narcotic
Counterfeit Substances
(69.50.401(b)(1)(i)) B
C Violation of Uniform Controlled
Substances Act - Nonnarcotic
Counterfeit Substances
(69.50.401(b)(1) (ii), (iii), (iv)) C
C Violation of Uniform Controlled
Substances Act - Possession of a
Controlled Substance
(69.50.401(d)) C
C Violation of Uniform Controlled
Substances Act - Possession of a
Controlled Substance
(69.50.401(c)) C
Firearms and Weapons
((C+ Committing
Crime when Armed
(9.41.025) D+
E Carrying
Loaded Pistol Without
Permit
(9.41.050) E))
E Use of Firearms
by Minor (<14)
(9.41.240) E
D+ Possession of Dangerous Weapon
(9.41.250) E
D Intimidating Another Person by use
of Weapon (9.41.270) E
Homicide
A+ Murder 1 (9A.32.030) A
A+ Murder 2 (9A.32.050) B+
B+ Manslaughter 1 (9A.32.060) C+
C+ Manslaughter 2 (9A.32.070) D+
B+ Vehicular Homicide (46.61.520) C+
Kidnapping
A Kidnap 1 (9A.40.020) B+
B+ Kidnap 2 (9A.40.030) C+
C+ Unlawful Imprisonment
(9A.40.040) D+
((D Custodial
Interference
(9A.40.050) E))
Obstructing Governmental Operation
E Obstructing a Public Servant
(9A.76.020) E
E Resisting Arrest (9A.76.040) E
B Introducing Contraband 1
(9A.76.140) C
C Introducing Contraband 2
(9A.76.150) D
E Introducing Contraband 3
(9A.76.160) E
B+ Intimidating a Public Servant
(9A.76.180) C+
B+ Intimidating a Witness
(9A.72.110) C+
((E Criminal
Contempt
(9.23.010) E))
Public Disturbance
C+ Riot with Weapon (9A.84.010) D+
D+ Riot Without Weapon
(9A.84.010) E
E Failure to Disperse (9A.84.020) E
E Disorderly Conduct (9A.84.030) E
Sex Crimes
A Rape 1 (9A.44.040) B+
A- Rape 2 (9A.44.050) B+
C+ Rape 3 (9A.44.060) D+
A- Rape of a Child 1 (9A.44.073) B+
B Rape of a Child 2 (9A.44.076) C+
B Incest 1 (9A.64.020(1)) C
C Incest 2 (9A.64.020(2)) D
D+ ((Public
Indecency)) Indecent Exposure
(Victim <14) (9A.88.010) E
E ((Public
Indecency)) Indecent Exposure
(Victim 14 or over) (9A.88.010) E
B+ Promoting Prostitution 1
(9A.88.070) C+
C+ Promoting Prostitution 2
(9A.88.080) D+
E O & A (Prostitution) (9A.88.030) E
B+ Indecent Liberties (9A.44.100) C+
B+ Child Molestation 1 (9A.44.083) C+
C+ Child Molestation 2 (9A.44.086) C
Theft, Robbery, Extortion, and Forgery
B Theft 1 (9A.56.030) C
C Theft 2 (9A.56.040) D
D Theft 3 (9A.56.050) E
B Theft of Livestock (9A.56.080) C
C Forgery (((9A.56.020)))
(9A.60.020) D
A Robbery 1 (9A.56.200) B+
B+ Robbery 2 (9A.56.210) C+
B+ Extortion 1 (9A.56.120) C+
C+ Extortion 2 (9A.56.130) D+
B Possession of Stolen Property 1
(9A.56.150) C
C Possession of Stolen Property 2
(9A.56.160) D
D Possession of Stolen Property 3
(9A.56.170) E
C Taking Motor Vehicle Without
Owner's Permission (9A.56.070) D
Motor Vehicle Related Crimes
E Driving Without a License
(46.20.021) E
C Hit and Run - Injury
(46.52.020(4)) D
D Hit and Run-Attended
(46.52.020(5)) E
E Hit and Run-Unattended
(46.52.010) E
C Vehicular Assault (46.61.522) D
C Attempting to Elude Pursuing
Police Vehicle (46.61.024) D
E Reckless Driving (46.61.500) E
D Driving While Under the Influence
(46.61.515) E
((B+ Negligent
Homicide by Motor
Vehicle
(46.61.520) C+))
D Vehicle Prowling (9A.52.100) E
C Taking Motor Vehicle Without
Owner's Permission (9A.56.070) D
Other
B Bomb Threat (9.61.160) C
C Escape 11 (9A.76.110) C
C Escape 21 (9A.76.120) C
D Escape 3 (9A.76.130) E
C Failure to Appear in Court
(10.19.130) D
((E Tampering
with Fire Alarm
Apparatus
(9.40.100) E))
E Obscene, Harassing, Etc.,
Phone Calls (9.61.230) E
A Other Offense Equivalent to an
Adult Class A Felony B+
B Other Offense Equivalent to an
Adult Class B Felony C
C Other Offense Equivalent to an
Adult Class C Felony D
D Other Offense Equivalent to an
Adult Gross Misdemeanor E
E Other Offense Equivalent to an
Adult Misdemeanor E
V Violation of Order of Restitution,
Community Supervision, or
Confinement (13.40.200)2 V
1Escape 1 and 2 and Attempted Escape 1 and 2 are classed as C offenses and the standard range is established as follows:
1st escape or attempted escape during 12-month period - 4 weeks confinement
2nd escape or attempted escape during 12-month period - 8 weeks confinement
3rd and subsequent escape or attempted escape during 12-month period - 12 weeks confinement
2If the court finds that a respondent has violated terms of an order, it may impose a penalty of up to 30 days of confinement.
SCHEDULE B
PRIOR OFFENSE INCREASE FACTOR
For use with all CURRENT OFFENSES occurring on or after July 1, 1989.
TIME SPAN
OFFENSE 0-12 13-24 25 Months
CATEGORY Months Months or More
.................................................................
A+ .9 .9 .9
A .9 .8 .6
A- .9 .8 .5
B+ .9 .7 .4
B .9 .6 .3
C+ .6 .3 .2
C .5 .2 .2
D+ .3 .2 .1
D .2 .1 .1
E .1 .1 .1
Prior history - Any offense in which a diversion agreement or counsel and release form was signed, or any offense which has been adjudicated by court to be correct prior to the commission of the current offense(s).
SCHEDULE C
CURRENT OFFENSE POINTS
For use with all CURRENT OFFENSES occurring on or after July 1, 1989.
AGE
OFFENSE 12 &
CATEGORY Under 13 14 15 16 17
..............................................................
A+ STANDARD RANGE 180-224 WEEKS
A 250 300 350 375 375 375
A- 150 150 150 200 200 200
B+ 110 110 120 130 140 150
B 45 45 50 50 57 57
C+ 44 44 49 49 55 55
C 40 40 45 45 50 50
D+ 16 18 20 22 24 26
D 14 16 18 20 22 24
E 4 4 4 6 8 10
JUVENILE SENTENCING STANDARDS
SCHEDULE D-1
This schedule may only be used
for ((minor/first)) minor offenders. After the determination is
made that a youth is a ((minor/first)) minor offender, the court
has the discretion to select sentencing option A, B, or C.
((MINOR/FIRST))
MINOR OFFENDER
OPTION A
STANDARD RANGE
Community
Community Service
Points Supervision Hours Fine
1-9 0-3 months and/or 0-8 and/or 0-$10
10-19 0-3 months and/or 0-8 and/or 0-$10
20-29 0-3 months and/or 0-16 and/or 0-$10
30-39 0-3 months and/or 8-24 and/or 0-$25
40-49 3-6 months and/or 16-32 and/or 0-$25
50-59 3-6 months and/or 24-40 and/or 0-$25
60-69 6-9 months and/or 32-48 and/or 0-$50
70-79 6-9 months and/or 40-56 and/or 0-$50
80-89 9-12 months and/or 48-64 and/or 10‑$100
90-109 9-12 months and/or 56-72 and/or 10-$100
OR
OPTION B
STATUTORY OPTION
0-12 Months Community Supervision
0-150 Hours Community Service
0-100 Fine
A term of community supervision with a maximum of 150 hours, $100.00 fine, and 12 months supervision.
OR
OPTION C
MANIFEST INJUSTICE
When a term of community supervision would
effectuate a manifest injustice, another disposition may be imposed. When a
judge imposes a sentence of confinement exceeding 30 days, the court shall
sentence the juvenile to a maximum term and the provisions of RCW ((13.40.030(5),
as now or hereafter amended,)) 13.40.030(2) shall be used to
determine the range.
JUVENILE SENTENCING STANDARDS
SCHEDULE D-2
This schedule may only be used for middle offenders. After the determination is made that a youth is a middle offender, the court has the discretion to select sentencing option A, B, or C.
MIDDLE OFFENDER
OPTION A
STANDARD RANGE
Community
Community Service Confinement
Points Supervision Hours F ine Days Weeks
1-9 0-3 months and/or 0-8 a nd/or 0-$10 and/or 0
10-19 0-3 months and/or 0-8 a nd/or 0-$10 and/or 0
20-29 0-3 months and/or 0-16 a nd/or 0-$10 and/or 0
30-39 0-3 months and/or 8-24 a nd/or 0-$25 and/or 2‑4
40-49 3-6 months and/or 16-32 a nd/or 0-$25 and/or 2‑4
50-59 3-6 months and/or 24-40 a nd/or 0-$25 and/or 5‑10
60-69 6-9 months and/or 32-48 a nd/or 0-$50 and/or 5‑10
70-79 6-9 months and/or 40-56 a nd/or 0-$50 and/or 10‑20
80-89 9-12 months and/or 48-64 a nd/or 0-$100 and/or 10‑20
90-109 9-12 months and/or 56-72 a nd/or 0-$100 and/or 15‑30
110-129 8-12
130-149 13-16
150-199 21-28
200-249 30-40
250-299 52-65
300-374 80-100
375+ 103-129
Middle offenders with more than 110 points do not have to be committed. They may be assigned community supervision under option B.
All A+ offenses 180-224 weeks
OR
OPTION B
STATUTORY OPTION
0-12 Months Community Supervision
0-150 Hours Community Service
0-100 Fine
If the middle offender has less than 110 points,
the court may impose a
determinate disposition of community supervision and/or up to 30 days
confinement; in which case, if confinement has been imposed, the court shall
state either aggravating or mitigating factors as set forth in RCW 13.40.150((,
as now or hereafter amended)). If the middle offender has more than 110
points, the court may impose a disposition under option A and may suspend the
disposition on the condition that the offender serve up to thirty days of
confinement and follow all conditions of community supervision. If the
offender fails to comply with the terms of community supervision, the court may
impose sanctions pursuant to RCW 13.40.200 or may revoke the suspended
disposition and order execution of the disposition. If the court imposes
confinement under this option B, the court shall state either aggravating or
mitigating factors set forth in RCW 13.40.150.
OR
OPTION C
MANIFEST INJUSTICE
If the court determines that a disposition under
A or B would effectuate a manifest injustice, the court shall sentence the
juvenile to a maximum term and the provisions of RCW ((13.40.030(5), as now
or hereafter amended,)) 13.40.030(2) shall be used to determine the
range.
JUVENILE SENTENCING STANDARDS
SCHEDULE D-3
This schedule may only be used for serious offenders. After the determination is made that a youth is a serious offender, the court has the discretion to select sentencing option A or B.
SERIOUS OFFENDER
OPTION A
STANDARD RANGE
Points Institution Time
0-129 8-12 weeks
130-149 13-16 weeks
150-199 21-28 weeks
200-249 30-40 weeks
250-299 52-65 weeks
300-374 80-100 weeks
375+ 103-129 weeks
All A+
Offenses 180-224 weeks
OR
OPTION B
MANIFEST INJUSTICE
A disposition outside the standard range shall be
determined and shall be comprised of confinement or community supervision or a
combination thereof. When a judge finds a manifest injustice and imposes a
sentence of confinement exceeding 30 days, the court shall sentence the
juvenile to a maximum term, and the provisions of RCW ((13.40.030(5), as now
or hereafter amended,)) 13.40.030(2) shall be used to determine the
range.
Sec. 715. RCW 13.40.160 and 1992 c 45 s 6 are each amended to read as follows:
(1) When the respondent is found to be a serious offender, the court shall commit the offender to the department for the standard range of disposition for the offense, as indicated in option A of schedule D-3, RCW 13.40.0357 except as provided in subsection (5) of this section.
If the court concludes, and enters reasons for its conclusion, that disposition within the standard range would effectuate a manifest injustice the court shall impose a disposition outside the standard range, as indicated in option B of schedule D-3, RCW 13.40.0357. The court's finding of manifest injustice shall be supported by clear and convincing evidence.
A disposition outside
the standard range shall be determinate and shall be comprised of confinement
or community supervision, or a combination thereof. When a judge finds a
manifest injustice and imposes a sentence of confinement exceeding thirty days,
the court shall sentence the juvenile to a maximum term, and the provisions of
RCW 13.40.030(2)((, as now or hereafter amended,)) shall be used to
determine the range. A disposition outside the standard range is appealable
under RCW 13.40.230((, as now or hereafter amended,)) by the state or
the respondent. A disposition within the standard range is not appealable
under RCW 13.40.230 ((as now or hereafter amended)).
(2) Where the
respondent is found to be a minor ((or first)) offender, the court shall
order that the respondent serve a term of community supervision as indicated in
option A or option B of schedule D-1, RCW 13.40.0357 except as provided in
subsection (5) of this section. If the court determines that a disposition of
community supervision would effectuate a manifest injustice the court may impose
another disposition under option C of schedule D-1, RCW 13.40.0357. Except as
provided in subsection (5) of this section, a disposition other than a
community supervision may be imposed only after the court enters reasons upon
which it bases its conclusions that imposition of community supervision would
effectuate a manifest injustice. When a judge finds a manifest injustice and
imposes a sentence of confinement exceeding thirty days, the court shall
sentence the juvenile to a maximum term, and the provisions of RCW
13.40.030(2)((, as now or hereafter amended,)) shall be used to
determine the range. The court's finding of manifest injustice shall be
supported by clear and convincing evidence.
Except for disposition
of community supervision or a disposition imposed pursuant to subsection (5) of
this section, a disposition may be appealed as provided in RCW 13.40.230((,
as now or hereafter amended,)) by the state or the respondent. A
disposition of community supervision or a disposition imposed pursuant to
subsection (5) of this section may not be appealed under RCW 13.40.230 ((as
now or hereafter amended)).
(3) Where a respondent
is found to have committed an offense for which the respondent declined to
enter into a diversion agreement, the court shall impose a term of community
supervision limited to the conditions allowed in a diversion agreement as
provided in RCW 13.40.080(2) ((as now or hereafter amended)).
(4) If a respondent is found to be a middle offender:
(a) The court shall
impose a determinate disposition within the standard range(s) for such offense,
as indicated in option A of schedule D-2, RCW 13.40.0357 except as provided in
subsection (5) of this section((: PROVIDED, That)). If the
standard range includes a term of confinement exceeding thirty days, commitment
shall be to the department ((for the standard range of confinement)); or
(b) The court shall
impose a determinate disposition of community supervision and/or up to thirty
days confinement, as indicated in option B of schedule D-2, RCW 13.40.0357 in
which case, if confinement has been imposed, the court shall state either
aggravating or mitigating factors as set forth in RCW 13.40.150 ((as now or
hereafter amended)).
(c) Only if the court
concludes, and enters reasons for its conclusions, that disposition as provided
in subsection (4)(a) or (b) of this section would effectuate a manifest
injustice, the court shall sentence the juvenile to a maximum term, and the
provisions of RCW 13.40.030(2)((, as now or hereafter amended,)) shall
be used to determine the range. The court's finding of manifest injustice
shall be supported by clear and convincing evidence.
(d) A disposition
pursuant to subsection (4)(c) of this section is appealable under RCW
13.40.230((, as now or hereafter amended,)) by the state or the
respondent. A disposition pursuant to subsection (4) (a) or (b) of this
section is not appealable under RCW 13.40.230 ((as now or hereafter amended)).
(5) When a serious,
middle, or minor ((first)) offender is found to have committed a sex
offense, other than a sex offense that is also a serious violent offense as
defined by RCW 9.94A.030, and has no history of a prior sex offense, the court,
on its own motion or the motion of the state or the respondent, may order an
examination to determine whether the respondent is amenable to treatment.
The report of the examination shall include at a minimum the following: The respondent's version of the facts and the official version of the facts, the respondent's offense history, an assessment of problems in addition to alleged deviant behaviors, the respondent's social, educational, and employment situation, and other evaluation measures used. The report shall set forth the sources of the evaluator's information.
The examiner shall assess and report regarding the respondent's amenability to treatment and relative risk to the community. A proposed treatment plan shall be provided and shall include, at a minimum:
(a)(i) Frequency and type of contact between the offender and therapist;
(ii) Specific issues to be addressed in the treatment and description of planned treatment modalities;
(iii) Monitoring plans, including any requirements regarding living conditions, lifestyle requirements, and monitoring by family members, legal guardians, or others;
(iv) Anticipated length of treatment; and
(v) Recommended crime-related prohibitions.
The court on its own motion may order, or on a motion by the state shall order, a second examination regarding the offender's amenability to treatment. The evaluator shall be selected by the party making the motion. The defendant shall pay the cost of any second examination ordered unless the court finds the defendant to be indigent in which case the state shall pay the cost.
After receipt of reports of the examination, the court shall then consider whether the offender and the community will benefit from use of this special sex offender disposition alternative and consider the victim's opinion whether the offender should receive a treatment disposition under this section. If the court determines that this special sex offender disposition alternative is appropriate, then the court shall impose a determinate disposition within the standard range for the offense, and the court may suspend the execution of the disposition and place the offender on community supervision for up to two years. As a condition of the suspended disposition, the court may impose the conditions of community supervision and other conditions, including up to thirty days of confinement and requirements that the offender do any one or more of the following:
(b)(i) Devote time to a specific education, employment, or occupation;
(ii) Undergo available
outpatient sex offender treatment for up to two years, or inpatient sex
offender treatment not to exceed the standard range of confinement for that
offense. A community mental health center may not be used for such treatment
unless it has an appropriate program designed for sex offender treatment. The
respondent shall not change sex offender treatment providers or treatment
conditions without first notifying the prosecutor, the ((probation)) community
supervision counselor, and the court, and shall not change providers
without court approval after a hearing if the prosecutor or ((probation))
community supervision counselor object to the change;
(iii) Remain within
prescribed geographical boundaries and notify the court or the ((probation))
community supervision counselor prior to any change in the offender's
address, educational program, or employment;
(iv) Report to the
prosecutor and the ((probation)) community supervision counselor
prior to any change in a sex offender treatment provider. This change shall
have prior approval by the court;
(v) Report as directed
to the court and a ((probation)) community supervision counselor;
(vi) Pay all court-ordered legal financial obligations, perform community service, or any combination thereof; or
(vii) Make restitution to the victim for the cost of any counseling reasonably related to the offense.
The sex offender treatment provider shall submit quarterly reports on the respondent's progress in treatment to the court and the parties. The reports shall reference the treatment plan and include at a minimum the following: Dates of attendance, respondent's compliance with requirements, treatment activities, the respondent's relative progress in treatment, and any other material specified by the court at the time of the disposition.
At the time of the disposition, the court may set treatment review hearings as the court considers appropriate.
Except as provided in this subsection (5), after July 1, 1991, examinations and treatment ordered pursuant to this subsection shall only be conducted by sex offender treatment providers certified by the department of health pursuant to chapter 18.155 RCW. A sex offender therapist who examines or treats a juvenile sex offender pursuant to this subsection does not have to be certified by the department of health pursuant to chapter 18.155 RCW if the court finds that: (A) The offender has already moved to another state or plans to move to another state for reasons other than circumventing the certification requirements; (B) no certified providers are available for treatment within a reasonable geographical distance of the offender's home; and (C) the evaluation and treatment plan comply with this subsection (5) and the rules adopted by the department of health.
If the offender
violates any condition of the disposition or the court finds that the
respondent is failing to make satisfactory progress in treatment, the court may
revoke the suspension and order execution of the ((sentence)) disposition
or the court may impose a penalty of up to thirty days' confinement for
violating conditions of the disposition. The court may order both execution of
the disposition and up to thirty days' confinement for the violation of the
conditions of the disposition, in which case the term of confinement imposed
for violating conditions of the disposition shall run consecutively to the term
of confinement imposed under the disposition. The court shall give credit
for any confinement time previously served if that confinement was for the
offense for which the suspension is being revoked.
For purposes of this section, "victim" means any person who has sustained emotional, psychological, physical, or financial injury to person or property as a direct result of the crime charged. "Victim" may also include a known parent or guardian of a victim who is a minor child unless the parent or guardian is the perpetrator of the offense.
(6) Whenever a juvenile offender is entitled to credit for time spent in detention prior to a dispositional order, the dispositional order shall specifically state the number of days of credit for time served.
(7) Except as provided for in subsection (5) of this section, section 712 of this act, and RCW 13.40.0357, the court shall not suspend or defer the imposition or the execution of the disposition.
(8) In no case shall the term of confinement imposed by the court at disposition exceed that to which an adult could be subjected for the same offense.
(9) If a court does not exercise a disposition option available under this chapter due to a lack of available funds, services, or bed space, the court shall enter a finding in the disposition that an alternative disposition was not ordered due to the lack of available funds, services, or bed space.
Sec. 716. RCW 13.40.180 and 1981 c 299 s 14 are each amended to read as follows:
Where a disposition is
imposed on a youth for two or more offenses, the terms shall run
consecutively((, subject to the following limitations:
(1) Where the
offenses were committed through a single act or omission, omission, or through
an act or omission which in itself constituted one of the offenses and also was
an element of the other, the aggregate of all the terms shall not exceed one
hundred fifty percent of the term imposed for the most serious offense;
(2) The aggregate
of all consecutive terms shall not exceed three hundred percent of the term
imposed for the most serious offense; and
(3) The aggregate
of all consecutive terms of community supervision shall not exceed two years in
length, or require payment of more than two hundred dollars in fines or the
performance of more than two hundred hours of community service)) or concurrently in the court's discretion.
Sec. 717. RCW 13.40.190 and 1987 c 281 s 5 are each amended to read as follows:
(1) In its dispositional order, the court shall require the respondent and may require his or her parents, guardians, or custodians to make restitution to any persons who have suffered loss or damage as a result of the offense committed by the respondent. In addition, restitution may be ordered for loss or damage if the offender pleads guilty to a lesser offense or fewer offenses and agrees with the prosecutor's recommendation that the offender be required to pay restitution to a victim of an offense or offenses which, pursuant to a plea agreement, are not prosecuted. The payment of restitution shall be in addition to any punishment which is imposed pursuant to the other provisions of this chapter. The court may determine the amount, terms, and conditions of the restitution. Restitution may include the costs of counseling reasonably related to the offense. If the respondent participated in the crime with another person or other persons, all such participants shall be jointly and severally responsible for the payment of restitution. The court may not require the respondent or parent, guardian, or custodian to pay full or partial restitution if the respondent or parent, guardian, or custodian reasonably satisfies the court that he or she does not have the means to make full or partial restitution and could not reasonably acquire the means to pay such restitution. In cases where an offender has been committed to the department for a period of confinement exceeding fifteen weeks, restitution may be waived.
(2) If an order includes restitution as one of the monetary assessments, the county clerk shall make disbursements to victims named in the order. The restitution to victims named in the order shall be paid prior to any payment for other penalties or monetary assessments.
(3) A respondent under obligation to pay restitution may petition the court for modification of the restitution order.
Sec. 718. RCW 13.40.200 and 1986 c 288 s 5 are each amended to read as follows:
(1) When a respondent fails to comply with an order of restitution, community supervision, penalty assessments, or confinement of less than thirty days, the court upon motion of the prosecutor or its own motion, may modify the order after a hearing on the violation.
(2) The hearing shall afford the respondent the same due process of law as would be afforded an adult probationer. The court may issue a summons or a warrant to compel the respondent's appearance. The state shall have the burden of proving by a preponderance of the evidence the fact of the violation. The respondent shall have the burden of showing that the violation was not a wilful refusal to comply with the terms of the order. If a respondent has failed to pay a fine, penalty assessments, or restitution or to perform community service hours, as required by the court, it shall be the respondent's burden to show that he or she did not have the means and could not reasonably have acquired the means to pay the fine, penalty assessments, or restitution or perform community service.
(3)(a) If the court finds that a respondent has wilfully violated the terms of an order pursuant to subsections (1) and (2) of this section, it may impose a penalty of up to thirty days' confinement or other conditions of community supervision the court considers appropriate. If the court finds that the juvenile has violated the terms of a community supervision order by committing a new offense, the court may impose thirty days' confinement as a penalty for the violation. This term of confinement may be in addition to any term of confinement imposed as a disposition for the new offense. Penalties for multiple violations occurring prior to the hearing shall not be aggregated to exceed thirty days' confinement. Regardless of the number of times a respondent is brought to court for violations of the terms of a single disposition order, the combined total number of days spent by the respondent in detention shall never exceed the maximum term to which an adult could be sentenced for the underlying offense.
(b) If the violation of the terms of the order under (a) of this subsection is failure to pay fines, penalty assessments, complete community service, or make restitution, the term of confinement imposed under (a) of this subsection shall be assessed at a rate of one day of confinement for each twenty-five dollars or eight hours owed.
(4) If a respondent has been ordered to pay a fine or monetary penalty and due to a change of circumstance cannot reasonably comply with the order, the court, upon motion of the respondent, may order that the unpaid fine or monetary penalty be converted to community service. The number of hours of community service in lieu of a monetary penalty or fine shall be converted at the rate of the prevailing state minimum wage per hour. The monetary penalties or fines collected shall be deposited in the county general fund. A failure to comply with an order under this subsection shall be deemed a failure to comply with an order of community supervision and may be proceeded against as provided in this section.
Sec. 719. RCW 13.40.230 and 1981 c 299 s 16 are each amended to read as follows:
(1) Dispositions
reviewed pursuant to RCW 13.40.160((, as now or hereafter amended,))
shall be reviewed in the appropriate division of the court of appeals.
An appeal under this section shall be heard solely upon the record that was before the disposition court. No written briefs may be required, and the appeal shall be heard within thirty days following the date of sentencing and a decision rendered within fifteen days following the argument. The supreme court shall promulgate any necessary rules to effectuate the purposes of this section.
(2) To uphold a
disposition outside the standard range, or which imposes confinement for a
minor ((or first)) offender, the court of appeals must find (a) that the
reasons supplied by the disposition judge are supported by the record which was
before the judge and that those reasons clearly and convincingly support the
conclusion that a disposition within the range, or nonconfinement for a minor
((or first)) offender, would constitute a manifest injustice, and (b)
that the sentence imposed was neither clearly excessive nor clearly too lenient.
(3) If the court does not find subsection (2)(a) of this section it shall remand the case for disposition within the standard range or for community supervision without confinement as would otherwise be appropriate pursuant to this chapter.
(4) If the court finds subsection (2)(a) but not subsection (2)(b) of this section it shall remand the case with instructions for further proceedings consistent with the provisions of this chapter.
(5) Pending appeal, a respondent may not be committed or detained for a period of time in excess of the standard range for the offense(s) committed or sixty days, whichever is longer. The disposition court may impose conditions on release pending appeal as provided in RCW 13.40.040(4) and 13.40.050(6). Upon the expiration of the period of commitment or detention specified in this subsection, the court may also impose such conditions on the respondent's release pending disposition of the appeal.
(6) Appeal of a disposition under this section does not affect the finality or appeal of the underlying adjudication of guilt.
PART VIII. JUVENILE JUSTICE PROVISIONS, EFFECTIVE JULY 1, 1995
NEW SECTION. Sec. 801. The legislature finds that the juvenile justice act of 1977, chapter 13.40 RCW, requires substantial revision. The legislature reaffirms the goals of the act, including the dual goals of punishment and rehabilitation of juvenile offenders. The legislature finds, however, that the substantive provisions of the act are too structured to achieve fully the act's goals.
The framework created by the act has diminishing relevance to today's violent and chronic offenders. Juveniles are committing increasingly violent crimes, and they are committing these violent crimes at an increasingly younger age. Simultaneously, juveniles habitually commit minor offenses. Dispositions prescribed by the act are not long enough to permit substantial rehabilitation of violent offenders, and minor offenders receive no meaningful intervention. The fixed system established by the act restricts the judiciary's efforts to tailor punishment and rehabilitation to the juvenile's individual needs. Additionally, substantial delays occur before the juvenile offender is held accountable for criminal acts.
Juvenile offenders must learn personal accountability and must accept responsibility for their criminal behavior. To this end, the juvenile system must provide a swift response, meaningful punishment, and effective rehabilitation. Therefore, sections 801 through 809 of this act seek to accomplish the following goals: (1) Increasing the speed of the juvenile justice system's response to juvenile offenders' criminal behavior; (2) increasing the certainty of punishment and intervention; (3) increasing judicial discretion and permitting judges to tailor dispositions to the juvenile's offense; (4) expanding the range of disposition alternatives to permit meaningful punishment and effective rehabilitation; (5) increasing the likelihood that juveniles will comply with the terms of their dispositions by creating compliance incentives and, if necessary, placing the juveniles in supportive out-of-home placements; and (6) reducing the complexity of the system.
The legislature intends chapter . . ., Laws of 1994 (this act) to substantially reform the manner in which juvenile offenders are held accountable for their actions. The legislature further intends the early intervention provisions of chapter . . ., Laws of 1994 (this act) to address the underlying problems that lead juvenile offenders toward a criminal career. Chapter . . ., Laws of 1994 (this act) provides a policy foundation that forms the first steps toward reforming the juvenile justice system. The legislature recognizes the need, however, for continued study in the 1995 regular legislative session of the new policies and disposition options created by chapter . . ., Laws of 1994 (this act). To this end, the legislature finds that prior to the 1995 regular legislative session it will require briefing on the use and effect of the new policies and disposition options of chapter . . ., Laws of 1994 (this act), so that it may continue to refine chapter . . ., Laws of 1994 (this act), if necessary.
Sec. 802. RCW 13.40.020 and 1993 c 373 s 1 are each amended to read as follows:
For the purposes of this chapter:
(1) (("Serious
offender" means a person fifteen years of age or older who has committed
an offense which if committed by an adult would be:
(a) A class A
felony, or an attempt to commit a class A felony;
(b) Manslaughter in
the first degree; or
(c) Assault in the
second degree, extortion in the first degree, child molestation in the second
degree, kidnapping in the second degree, robbery in the second degree,
residential burglary, or burglary in the second degree, where such offenses
include the infliction of bodily harm upon another or where during the
commission of or immediate withdrawal from such an offense the perpetrator is
armed with a deadly weapon or firearm as defined in RCW 9A.04.110;
(2))) "Community service" means compulsory
service, without compensation, performed for the benefit of the community by
the offender as punishment for committing an offense. Community service may be
performed through public or private organizations or through work crews;
(((3))) (2)
"Community supervision" means an order of disposition by the court of
an adjudicated youth not committed to the department and an order granting a
deferred adjudication pursuant to section 712 of this act. A community
supervision order for a single offense may be for a period of up to two years
for a sex offense as defined by RCW 9.94A.030 and up to one year for other
offenses. As a mandatory condition of any term of community supervision,
the court shall order the juvenile to refrain from committing new offenses. As
a mandatory condition of community supervision, the court shall order the
juvenile to comply with the mandatory school attendance provisions of chapter
28A.225 RCW and to inform the school of the existence of this requirement.
Community supervision is an individualized program comprised of one or more of
the following:
(a) Community-based sanctions;
(b) Community-based rehabilitation;
(c) Monitoring and reporting requirements;
(((4))) (3)
Community-based sanctions may include one or more of the following:
(a) A fine, not to exceed one hundred dollars;
(b) Community service not to exceed one hundred fifty hours of service;
(((5))) (4)
"Community-based rehabilitation" means one or more of the following:
Attendance of information classes; counseling, outpatient substance abuse
treatment programs, outpatient mental health programs, anger management
classes, or other services; or attendance at school or other educational
programs appropriate for the juvenile as determined by the school district.
Placement in community-based rehabilitation programs is subject to available
funds;
(((6))) (5)
"Monitoring and reporting requirements" means one or more of the
following: Curfews; requirements to remain at home, school, work, or
court-ordered treatment programs during specified hours; restrictions from
leaving or entering specified geographical areas; requirements to report to the
((probation)) community supervision officer as directed and to
remain under the ((probation)) community supervision officer's
supervision; and other conditions or limitations as the court may require which
may not include confinement;
(((7))) (6)
"Confinement" means physical custody by the department of social and
health services in a facility operated by or pursuant to a contract with the
state, or physical custody in a detention facility operated by or pursuant to a
contract with any county. The county may operate or contract with vendors to
operate county detention facilities. The department may operate or contract to
operate detention facilities for juveniles committed to the department.
Pretrial confinement or confinement of less than thirty-one days imposed as
part of a disposition or modification order may be served consecutively or
intermittently, in the discretion of the court and may be served in a detention
group home, detention foster home, or with electronic monitoring. Detention
group homes and detention foster homes used for confinement shall not also be
used for the placement of dependent children. Confinement in detention group
homes and detention foster homes and electronic monitoring are subject to
available funds;
(((8))) (7)
"Court", when used without further qualification, means the juvenile
court judge(s) or commissioner(s);
(((9))) (8)
"Criminal history" includes all criminal complaints against the
respondent for which, prior to the commission of a current offense((: (a))),
the allegations were found correct by a court((. If a respondent is
convicted of two or more charges arising out of the same course of conduct,
only the highest charge from among these shall count as an offense for the
purposes of this chapter)); or (((b))) the criminal complaint
was diverted by a prosecutor pursuant to the provisions of this chapter on
agreement of the respondent and after an advisement to the respondent that the
criminal complaint would be considered as part of the respondent's criminal
history. Successfully completed deferred adjudications shall not be
considered part of the respondent's criminal history;
(((10))) (9)
"Department" means the department of social and health services;
(((11))) (10)
"Detention facility" means a county facility for the physical
confinement of a juvenile alleged to have committed an offense or an
adjudicated offender subject to a disposition or modification order;
(((12))) (11)
"Diversion unit" means any ((probation)) community
supervision counselor who enters into a diversion agreement with an alleged
youthful offender, or any other person, community accountability board,
or other entity except a law enforcement official or entity, with whom
the juvenile court administrator has contracted to arrange and supervise such
agreements pursuant to RCW 13.40.080, or any person, community
accountability board, or other entity specially funded by the
legislature to arrange and supervise diversion agreements in accordance with
the requirements of this chapter. For purposes of this subsection,
"community accountability board" means a board comprised of members
of the local community in which the juvenile offender resides. The superior
court shall appoint the members. The boards shall consist of at least three
and not more than seven members. If possible, the board should include a
variety of representatives from the community, such as a law enforcement
officer, teacher or school administrator, high school student, parent, and
business owner, and should represent the cultural diversity of the local
community;
(((13))) (12)
"Institution" means a juvenile facility established pursuant to
chapters 72.05 and 72.16 through 72.20 RCW;
(((14))) (13)
"Juvenile," "youth," and "child" mean any
individual who is under the chronological age of eighteen years and who has not
been previously transferred to adult court pursuant to RCW 13.40.110 or who
is otherwise under adult court jurisdiction;
(((15))) (14)
"Juvenile offender" means any juvenile who has been found by the
juvenile court to have committed an offense, including a person eighteen years
of age or older over whom jurisdiction has been extended under RCW 13.40.300;
(((16))) (15)
"Manifest injustice" means a disposition that would either impose an
excessive penalty on the juvenile, would fail to promote the juvenile's best
rehabilitative interest, or would impose a serious, and clear danger to
society in light of the purposes of this chapter;
(((17) "Middle
offender" means a person who has committed an offense and who is neither a
minor or first offender nor a serious offender;
(18) "Minor or
first offender" means a person sixteen years of age or younger whose
current offense(s) and criminal history fall entirely within one of the
following categories:
(a) Four
misdemeanors;
(b) Two
misdemeanors and one gross misdemeanor;
(c) One misdemeanor
and two gross misdemeanors;
(d) Three gross
misdemeanors;
(e) One class C
felony except manslaughter in the second degree and one misdemeanor or gross
misdemeanor;
(f) One class B
felony except: Any felony which constitutes an attempt to commit a class A
felony; manslaughter in the first degree; assault in the second degree;
extortion in the first degree; indecent liberties; kidnapping in the second
degree; robbery in the second degree; burglary in the second degree;
residential burglary; vehicular homicide; or arson in the second degree.
For purposes of
this definition, current violations shall be counted as misdemeanors;
(19))) (16) "Offense" means an act
designated a violation or a crime if committed by an adult under the law of
this state, under any ordinance of any city or county of this state, under any
federal law, or under the law of another state if the act occurred in that
state;
(((20))) (17)
"Placement out of the home" means placement for twenty-four hour
residential care in foster or group care, or with a court-approved custodian.
Placement out of the home in county or state-funded placements is subject to
available funds and beds;
(18) "Respondent" means a juvenile who is alleged or proven to have committed an offense;
(((21))) (19)
"Restitution" means financial reimbursement by the offender to the
victim, and shall be limited to easily ascertainable damages for injury to or
loss of property, actual expenses incurred for medical treatment for physical
injury to persons, lost wages resulting from physical injury, and costs of the
victim's counseling reasonably related to the offense if the offense is a sex
offense. Restitution shall not include reimbursement for damages for mental
anguish, pain and suffering, or other intangible losses. Nothing in this
chapter shall limit or replace civil remedies or defenses available to the
victim or offender;
(((22))) (20)
"Secretary" means the secretary of the department of social and
health services;
(((23))) (21)
"Services" mean services which provide alternatives to incarceration
for those juveniles who have pleaded or been adjudicated guilty of an offense
or have signed a diversion agreement pursuant to this chapter;
(((24))) (22)
"Sex offense" means an offense defined as a sex offense in RCW
9.94A.030;
(((25))) (23)
"Sexual motivation" means that one of the purposes for which the
respondent committed the offense was for the purpose of his or her sexual
gratification;
(((26))) (24)
"Foster care" means temporary physical care in a foster family home
or group care facility as defined in RCW 74.15.020 and licensed by the
department, or other legally authorized care;
(((27))) (25)
"Violation" means an act or omission, which if committed by an adult,
must be proven beyond a reasonable doubt, and is punishable by sanctions which
do not include incarceration.
Sec. 803. RCW 13.40.150 and 1992 c 205 s 109 are each amended to read as follows:
(1) In disposition hearings all relevant and material evidence, including oral and written reports, may be received by the court and may be relied upon to the extent of its probative value, even though such evidence may not be admissible in a hearing on the information. The youth or the youth's counsel and the prosecuting attorney shall be afforded an opportunity to examine and controvert written reports so received and to cross-examine individuals making reports when such individuals are reasonably available, but sources of confidential information need not be disclosed. The prosecutor and counsel for the juvenile may submit recommendations for disposition.
(2) For purposes of disposition:
(a) ((Violations
which are current offenses count as misdemeanors)) Prior to disposition,
the county shall conduct a predisposition evaluation of the juvenile and shall
prepare a report of the evaluation. The county shall provide this report to
the court. The evaluation shall include an assessment of the juvenile's rehabilitative
needs including but not limited to the juvenile's needs for treatment, therapy,
and education. The evaluation shall also include a preliminary assessment of
the security risks posed by the juvenile;
(b) Violations may not count as part of the offender's criminal history;
(c) In no event may a disposition for a violation include confinement.
(3) Before entering a dispositional order as to a respondent found to have committed an offense, the court shall hold a disposition hearing, at which the court shall:
(a) Consider the facts supporting the allegations of criminal conduct by the respondent;
(b) Consider information and arguments offered by parties and their counsel;
(c) Consider any predisposition reports;
(d) Consult with the respondent's parent, guardian, or custodian on the appropriateness of dispositional options under consideration and afford the respondent and the respondent's parent, guardian, or custodian an opportunity to speak in the respondent's behalf;
(e) Allow the victim or a representative of the victim and an investigative law enforcement officer to speak;
(f) Determine the amount of restitution owing to the victim, if any;
(g) ((Determine
whether the respondent is a serious offender, a middle offender, or a minor or
first offender)) Consider the types of treatment, therapy, education,
and other rehabilitative services that would be most effective at
rehabilitating the offender;
(h) Consider whether or not any of the following mitigating factors exist:
(i) The respondent's conduct neither caused nor threatened serious bodily injury or the respondent did not contemplate that his or her conduct would cause or threaten serious bodily injury;
(ii) The respondent acted under strong and immediate provocation;
(iii) The respondent was suffering from a mental or physical condition that significantly reduced his or her culpability for the offense though failing to establish a defense;
(iv) Prior to his or her detection, the respondent compensated or made a good faith attempt to compensate the victim for the injury or loss sustained; and
(v) There has been at least one year between the respondent's current offense and any prior criminal offense;
(i) Consider whether or not any of the following aggravating factors exist:
(i) In the commission of the offense, or in flight therefrom, the respondent inflicted or attempted to inflict serious bodily injury to another;
(ii) The offense was committed in an especially heinous, cruel, or depraved manner;
(iii) The victim or victims were particularly vulnerable;
(iv) The respondent has a recent criminal history or has failed to comply with conditions of a recent dispositional order or diversion agreement;
(v) The current offense included a finding of sexual motivation pursuant to RCW 9.94A.127;
(vi) The respondent was the leader of a criminal enterprise involving several persons; and
(vii) There are other complaints which have resulted in diversion or a finding or plea of guilty but which are not included as criminal history.
(4) The following factors may not be considered in determining the punishment to be imposed:
(a) The sex of the respondent;
(b) The race or color of the respondent or the respondent's family;
(c) The creed or religion of the respondent or the respondent's family;
(d) The economic or social class of the respondent or the respondent's family; and
(e) Factors indicating that the respondent may be or is a dependent child within the meaning of this chapter.
(5) A court may not commit a juvenile to a state institution solely because of the lack of facilities, including treatment facilities, existing in the community.
Sec. 804. RCW 13.40.160 and 1992 c 45 s 6 are each amended to read as follows:
(1) ((When the
respondent is found to be a serious offender, the court shall commit the
offender to the department for the standard range of disposition for the
offense, as indicated in option A of schedule D-3, RCW 13.40.0357 except as provided
in subsection (5) of this section.
If the court
concludes, and enters reasons for its conclusion, that disposition within the
standard range would effectuate a manifest injustice the court shall impose a
disposition outside the standard range, as indicated in option B of schedule
D-3, RCW 13.40.0357. The court's finding of manifest injustice shall be
supported by clear and convincing evidence.
A disposition
outside the standard range shall be determinate and shall be comprised of
confinement or community supervision, or a combination thereof. When a judge
finds a manifest injustice and imposes a sentence of confinement exceeding
thirty days, the court shall sentence the juvenile to a maximum term, and the
provisions of RCW 13.40.030(2), as now or hereafter amended, shall be used to
determine the range. A disposition outside the standard range is appealable
under RCW 13.40.230, as now or hereafter amended, by the state or the
respondent. A disposition within the standard range is not appealable under
RCW 13.40.230 as now or hereafter amended.
(2) Where the
respondent is found to be a minor or first offender, the court shall order that
the respondent serve a term of community supervision as indicated in option A
or option B of schedule D-1, RCW 13.40.0357 except as provided in subsection
(5) of this section. If the court determines that a disposition of community
supervision would effectuate a manifest injustice the court may impose another
disposition under option C of schedule D-1, RCW 13.40.0357. Except as provided
in subsection (5) of this section, a disposition other than a community
supervision may be imposed only after the court enters reasons upon which it
bases its conclusions that imposition of community supervision would effectuate
a manifest injustice. When a judge finds a manifest injustice and imposes a
sentence of confinement exceeding thirty days, the court shall sentence the
juvenile to a maximum term, and the provisions of RCW 13.40.030(2), as now or
hereafter amended, shall be used to determine the range. The court's finding
of manifest injustice shall be supported by clear and convincing evidence.
Except for
disposition of community supervision or a disposition imposed pursuant to
subsection (5) of this section, a disposition may be appealed as provided in
RCW 13.40.230, as now or hereafter amended, by the state or the respondent. A
disposition of community supervision or a disposition imposed pursuant to
subsection (5) of this section may not be appealed under RCW 13.40.230 as now
or hereafter amended.
(3) Where a
respondent is found to have committed an offense for which the respondent
declined to enter into a diversion agreement, the court shall impose a term of
community supervision limited to the conditions allowed in a diversion
agreement as provided in RCW 13.40.080(2) as now or hereafter amended.
(4) If a respondent
is found to be a middle offender:
(a) The court shall
impose a determinate disposition within the standard range(s) for such offense,
as indicated in option A of schedule D-2, RCW 13.40.0357 except as provided in
subsection (5) of this section: PROVIDED, That if the standard range includes
a term of confinement exceeding thirty days, commitment shall be to the
department for the standard range of confinement; or
(b) The court shall
impose a determinate disposition of community supervision and/or up to thirty
days confinement, as indicated in option B of schedule D-2, RCW 13.40.0357 in
which case, if confinement has been imposed, the court shall state either
aggravating or mitigating factors as set forth in RCW 13.40.150 as now or
hereafter amended.
(c) Only if the
court concludes, and enters reasons for its conclusions, that disposition as
provided in subsection (4)(a) or (b) of this section would effectuate a
manifest injustice, the court shall sentence the juvenile to a maximum term,
and the provisions of RCW 13.40.030(2), as now or hereafter amended, shall be
used to determine the range. The court's finding of manifest injustice shall
be supported by clear and convincing evidence.
(d) A disposition
pursuant to subsection (4)(c) of this section is appealable under RCW
13.40.230, as now or hereafter amended, by the state or the respondent. A
disposition pursuant to subsection (4) (a) or (b) of this section is not
appealable under RCW 13.40.230 as now or hereafter amended.
(5))) The court may impose a disposition as
provided in this section for any juvenile adjudicated for an offense.
(2) The court shall consider various factors, including but not limited to the following, when determining a disposition:
(a) The juvenile's age and maturity;
(b) The juvenile's criminal history and the recency of that criminal history;
(c) Whether the juvenile has had prior deferrals of adjudications;
(d) Whether the juvenile complied with the terms of the disposition imposed for prior offenses;
(e) The seriousness of the offense;
(f) Whether the juvenile's adjudication resulted from accomplice liability; and
(g) Whether any aggravating or mitigating factors apply.
(3)(a) For a juvenile adjudicated for a misdemeanor or a gross misdemeanor, the court shall impose a disposition comprised of any of the following:
0 - 12 Months of community supervision;
0 - 150 Hours of community service;
0 - $100 Fine;
0 - 30 Days in confinement if the juvenile has prior criminal history or a prior deferred adjudication.
(b) The court shall not commit a juvenile adjudicated of a misdemeanor or gross misdemeanor to the department unless the court enters a finding that a disposition under (a) of this subsection would effectuate a manifest injustice.
(4)(a) For a juvenile adjudicated of a class C or B felony that is not: A violent offense, a crime against persons as defined in RCW 9.94A.440(2), or a crime of harassment as defined in RCW 9A.46.060, the court shall impose a disposition comprised of any of the following:
0 - 12 Months of community supervision;
0 - 150 Hours of community service;
0 - $100 Fine;
5 - 60 days of confinement or commitment to the department.
(b) The court shall not commit a juvenile adjudicated under this subsection (4) to the department for more than sixty days unless (i) the court enters a finding that a disposition under (a) of this subsection would effectuate a manifest injustice; or (ii) the juvenile has a significant criminal history that would support a finding of an aggravating factor under RCW 13.40.150(3) if the criminal history was more recent.
(c) The court may suspend all or a portion of any term of confinement or commitment imposed under this subsection (4). In addition to the suspended confinement or commitment, the court shall impose community supervision, community service, or a fine as provided in (a) of this subsection.
(5)(a) For a juvenile adjudicated of a class C or B felony that is a crime against persons or a crime of harassment but is not a violent offense, the court shall impose a disposition comprised of the following:
0 - 12 Months community supervision;
0 - 150 Hours community service;
0 - $100 Fine;
5 Days to 129 weeks in confinement or commitment to the department.
(b) The court shall not commit a juvenile adjudicated under this subsection (5) to the department in excess of one hundred twenty-nine weeks unless the court enters a finding that a disposition under this subsection (5) would effect a manifest injustice. The basis for the manifest injustice must be a basis other than the offender's criminal history as described in RCW 13.40.150(3)(i)(iv).
(c) The court may suspend all or a portion of any term of confinement or commitment imposed under this subsection (5). In addition to the suspended confinement or commitment, the court shall impose community supervision, community service, or a fine as provided in (a)(i) of this subsection.
(6)(a) If a juvenile is adjudicated of a class A felony, an attempt to commit a class A felony, or a sex or violent offense, the court shall impose a disposition of the following:
52 - 224 Weeks committed to the department.
(b) The court shall not impose a disposition under this subsection (6) outside the standard range unless the court finds that imposition of the standard range would effectuate a manifest injustice.
(c) If the juvenile is adjudicated of a sex offense, other than a sex offense that is also a serious violent offense as defined by RCW 9.94A.030, the court need not impose a disposition under this subsection (6). The court may instead order a treatment disposition option under subsection (11) of this section.
(d) When a court adjudicates a juvenile of a sex offense, the court shall impose a disposition as provided in this subsection (6), as modified by this subsection (6)(d), unless the court orders a disposition under subsection (11) of this section. In addition to the term of commitment imposed under this subsection (6), the court shall impose a term of postrelease supervision not to exceed five years. The department shall provide the postrelease supervision. If the juvenile receives treatment while committed, the court, as a condition of postrelease supervision, may order the juvenile to continue with a particular treatment program for all or a portion of the term of postrelease supervision. The department may recommend to the sentencing court whether the option of continuing treatment is appropriate. Upon the recommendation of the department, the court may either reduce the term of postrelease supervision or impose additional or more restrictive terms of postrelease supervision. The postrelease supervision required by this section shall be in addition to any term of parole imposed by the department.
(7) In all cases, the court shall impose a determinate disposition.
(8) If the court concludes, and enters reasons for its conclusion, that disposition within the standard range would effectuate a manifest injustice, the court shall impose a determinate disposition outside the standard range. If the court imposes a disposition below the standard range due to a manifest injustice, the disposition shall be comprised of community supervision or confinement, or both. The court's finding of manifest injustice shall be supported by clear and convincing evidence. A disposition outside the standard range shall be appealable under RCW 13.40.230, by the state or respondent. A disposition within the standard range is not appealable.
(9) In all cases, the court shall enter an order for restitution, if any is due to the victim, according to RCW 13.40.190.
(10) In all disposition orders that include commitment to the department, the court shall make a finding of reasonable rehabilitative goals to be achieved by the juvenile during the commitment term. These goals may include, by way of example and not limitation, completion of substance abuse treatment, completion of anger management courses, and achievement of academic, educational, or vocational goals, such as grade-level reading or GED completion.
(11) When ((a
serious, middle, or minor first)) an offender is found to have
committed a sex offense, other than a sex offense that is also a serious
violent offense as defined by RCW 9.94A.030, and has no history of a prior sex
offense, the court, on its own motion or the motion of the state or the
respondent, may order an examination to determine whether the respondent is amenable
to treatment.
The report of the examination shall include at a minimum the following: The respondent's version of the facts and the official version of the facts, the respondent's offense history, an assessment of problems in addition to alleged deviant behaviors, the respondent's social, educational, and employment situation, and other evaluation measures used. The report shall set forth the sources of the evaluator's information.
The examiner shall assess and report regarding the respondent's amenability to treatment and relative risk to the community. A proposed treatment plan shall be provided and shall include, at a minimum:
(a)(i) Frequency and type of contact between the offender and therapist;
(ii) Specific issues to be addressed in the treatment and description of planned treatment modalities;
(iii) Monitoring plans, including any requirements regarding living conditions, lifestyle requirements, and monitoring by family members, legal guardians, or others;
(iv) Anticipated length of treatment; and
(v) Recommended crime-related prohibitions.
The court on its own motion may order, or on a motion by the state shall order, a second examination regarding the offender's amenability to treatment. The evaluator shall be selected by the party making the motion. The defendant shall pay the cost of any second examination ordered unless the court finds the defendant to be indigent in which case the state shall pay the cost.
After receipt of reports of the examination, the court shall then consider whether the offender and the community will benefit from use of this special sex offender disposition alternative and consider the victim's opinion whether the offender should receive a treatment disposition under this section. If the court determines that this special sex offender disposition alternative is appropriate, then the court shall impose a determinate disposition within the standard range for the offense, and the court may suspend the execution of the disposition and place the offender on community supervision for up to two years. As a condition of the suspended disposition, the court may impose the conditions of community supervision and other conditions, including up to thirty days of confinement and requirements that the offender do any one or more of the following:
(b)(i) Devote time to a specific education, employment, or occupation;
(ii) Undergo
available outpatient sex offender treatment for up to two years, or inpatient
sex offender treatment not to exceed the standard range of confinement for that
offense. A community mental health center may not be used for such treatment
unless it has an appropriate program designed for sex offender treatment. The
respondent shall not change sex offender treatment providers or treatment
conditions without first notifying the prosecutor, the ((probation)) community
supervision counselor, and the court, and shall not change providers
without court approval after a hearing if the prosecutor or ((probation))
community supervision counselor object to the change;
(iii) Remain within
prescribed geographical boundaries and notify the court or the ((probation))
community supervision counselor prior to any change in the offender's
address, educational program, or employment;
(iv) Report to the
prosecutor and the ((probation)) community supervision counselor
prior to any change in a sex offender treatment provider. This change shall
have prior approval by the court;
(v) Report as
directed to the court and a ((probation)) community supervision
counselor;
(vi) Pay all court-ordered legal financial obligations, perform community service, or any combination thereof; or
(vii) Make restitution to the victim for the cost of any counseling reasonably related to the offense.
The sex offender treatment provider shall submit quarterly reports on the respondent's progress in treatment to the court and the parties. The reports shall reference the treatment plan and include at a minimum the following: Dates of attendance, respondent's compliance with requirements, treatment activities, the respondent's relative progress in treatment, and any other material specified by the court at the time of the disposition.
At the time of the disposition, the court may set treatment review hearings as the court considers appropriate.
Except as provided in
this subsection (((5))) (11), after July 1, 1991, examinations
and treatment ordered pursuant to this subsection shall only be conducted by
sex offender treatment providers certified by the department of health pursuant
to chapter 18.155 RCW. A sex offender therapist who examines or treats a
juvenile sex offender pursuant to this subsection does not have to be certified
by the department of health pursuant to chapter 18.155 RCW if the court finds
that: (A) The offender has already moved to another state or plans to move to
another state for reasons other than circumventing the certification
requirements; (B) no certified providers are available for treatment within a
reasonable geographical distance of the offender's home; and (C) the evaluation
and treatment plan comply with this subsection (((5))) (11) and
the rules adopted by the department of health.
If the offender
violates any condition of the disposition or the court finds that the
respondent is failing to make satisfactory progress in treatment, the court may
revoke the suspension and order execution of the ((sentence)) disposition
or the court may impose a penalty of up to thirty days' confinement for
violating conditions of the disposition. The court may order both execution of
the disposition and up to thirty days' confinement for the violation of the
conditions of the disposition, in which case the term of confinement imposed
for violating conditions of the disposition shall run consecutively to the term
of confinement imposed under the disposition. The court shall give credit
for any confinement time previously served if that confinement was for the
offense for which the suspension is being revoked.
For purposes of this section, "victim" means any person who has sustained emotional, psychological, physical, or financial injury to person or property as a direct result of the crime charged. "Victim" may also include a known parent or guardian of a victim who is a minor child unless the parent or guardian is the perpetrator of the offense.
(((6))) (12)
Whenever a juvenile offender is entitled to credit for time spent in detention
prior to a dispositional order, the dispositional order shall specifically
state the number of days of credit for time served.
(((7) Except as
provided for in subsection (5) of this section, the court shall not suspend or
defer the imposition or the execution of the disposition.
(8))) (13) In no case shall the term of
confinement imposed by the court at disposition exceed that to which an adult
could be subjected for the same offense.
(14) Whenever a dispositional order requires a juvenile to participate in a treatment program, the court may require the juvenile's parents, guardians, or custodians to participate in the treatment program with the juvenile.
(15) If a court does not exercise a disposition option available under this chapter due to a lack of available funds, services, or bed space, the court shall enter a finding in the disposition that an alternative disposition was not ordered due to the lack of available funds, services, or bed space.
Sec. 805. RCW 13.40.180 and 1981 c 299 s 14 are each amended to read as follows:
Unless otherwise provided
in this chapter, where a disposition is imposed on a youth for two or more
offenses, the terms shall run consecutively((, subject to the following
limitations:
(1) Where the
offenses were committed through a single act or omission, omission, or through
an act or omission which in itself constituted one of the offenses and also was
an element of the other, the aggregate of all the terms shall not exceed one
hundred fifty percent of the term imposed for the most serious offense;
(2) The aggregate
of all consecutive terms shall not exceed three hundred percent of the term
imposed for the most serious offense; and
(3) The aggregate
of all consecutive terms of community supervision shall not exceed two years in
length, or require payment of more than two hundred dollars in fines or the
performance of more than two hundred hours of community service)) or concurrently in the court's discretion.
Sec. 806. RCW 13.40.205 and 1990 c 3 s 103 are each amended to read as follows:
(1) A juvenile sentenced to a term of confinement to be served under the supervision of the department shall not be released from the physical custody of the department prior to the release date established under RCW 13.40.210 except as otherwise provided in this section.
(2) A juvenile serving a term of confinement under the supervision of the department may be released on authorized leave from the physical custody of the department only if consistent with public safety and if:
(a) Sixty percent of
the ((minimum)) term of confinement has been served; and
(b) The purpose of the leave is to enable the juvenile:
(i) To visit the juvenile's family for the purpose of strengthening or preserving family relationships;
(ii) To make plans for parole or release which require the juvenile's personal appearance in the community and which will facilitate the juvenile's reintegration into the community; or
(iii) To make plans for a residential placement out of the juvenile's home which requires the juvenile's personal appearance in the community.
(3) No authorized leave may exceed seven consecutive days. The total of all pre-minimum term authorized leaves granted to a juvenile prior to final discharge from confinement shall not exceed thirty days.
(4) Prior to authorizing a leave, the secretary shall require a written leave plan, which shall detail the purpose of the leave and how it is to be achieved, the address at which the juvenile shall reside, the identity of the person responsible for supervising the juvenile during the leave, and a statement by such person acknowledging familiarity with the leave plan and agreeing to supervise the juvenile and to notify the secretary immediately if the juvenile violates any terms or conditions of the leave. The leave plan shall include such terms and conditions as the secretary deems appropriate and shall be signed by the juvenile.
(5) Upon authorizing a leave, the secretary shall issue to the juvenile an authorized leave order which shall contain the name of the juvenile, the fact that the juvenile is on leave from a designated facility, the time period of the leave, and the identity of an appropriate official of the department to contact when necessary. The authorized leave order shall be carried by the juvenile at all times while on leave.
(6) Prior to the commencement of any authorized leave, the secretary shall give notice of the leave to the appropriate law enforcement agency in the jurisdiction in which the juvenile will reside during the leave period. The notice shall include the identity of the juvenile, the time period of the leave, the residence of the juvenile during the leave, and the identity of the person responsible for supervising the juvenile during the leave.
(7) The secretary may authorize a leave, which shall not exceed forty-eight hours plus travel time, to meet an emergency situation such as a death or critical illness of a member of the juvenile's family. The secretary may authorize a leave, which shall not exceed the period of time medically necessary, to obtain medical care not available in a juvenile facility maintained by the department. In cases of emergency or medical leave the secretary may waive all or any portions of subsections (2)(a), (3), (4), (5), and (6) of this section.
(8) If requested by the juvenile's victim or the victim's immediate family, the secretary shall give notice of any leave to the victim or the victim's immediate family.
(9) A juvenile who violates any condition of an authorized leave plan may be taken into custody and returned to the department in the same manner as an adult in identical circumstances.
(10) Notwithstanding the provisions of this section, a juvenile placed in minimum security status may participate in work, educational, community service, or treatment programs in the community up to twelve hours a day if approved by the secretary. Such a release shall not be deemed a leave of absence.
(11) Subsections (6), (7), and (8) of this section do not apply to juveniles covered by RCW 13.40.215.
Sec. 807. RCW 13.40.210 and 1990 c 3 s 304 are each amended to read as follows:
(1) ((The
secretary shall, except in the case of a juvenile committed by a court to a
term of confinement in a state institution outside the appropriate standard
range for the offense(s) for which the juvenile was found to be guilty
established pursuant to RCW 13.40.030, as now or hereafter amended, set a
release or discharge date for each juvenile committed to its custody which
shall be within the prescribed range to which a juvenile has been committed.
Such dates shall be determined prior to the expiration of sixty percent of a
juvenile's minimum term of confinement included within the prescribed range to
which the juvenile has been committed.)) (a) When a juvenile is
committed to a term of confinement in a state institution, the secretary shall
review the sentencing court's finding of the rehabilitative goals to be
achieved by the juvenile during the term of confinement. The department shall
provide rehabilitative resources, including but not limited to education,
vocational training, substance abuse treatment, and counseling, to permit the
juvenile to achieve these rehabilitative goals.
(b) After expiration of no more than sixty percent of the juvenile's commitment term, the department shall provide a report containing an evaluation of the juvenile's behavior and performance during commitment. This report shall specifically describe the juvenile's progress toward achieving the designated rehabilitative goals.
(c) The department shall provide this report to the committing court. The court, after considering the department's report, shall determine a release or discharge date for the juvenile, which date shall fall on or before expiration of the original term of commitment. If the court sets a release date prior to expiration of the original term, the court may suspend the remainder of the term.
(d) Nothing in this section entitles a juvenile to release prior to the expiration of the term of confinement imposed by the court.
(e) The department shall establish by rule standards of good behavior, good performance, and progress toward rehabilitative goals.
(f) After the
court determines a release date, the secretary shall release any juvenile
committed to the custody of the department within four calendar days prior to
the juvenile's release date or on the release date set under this chapter((:
PROVIDED, That)). Days spent in the custody of the department shall
be tolled by any period of time during which a juvenile has absented himself or
herself from the department's supervision without the prior approval of the
secretary or the secretary's designee.
(2) The secretary
shall monitor the average daily population of the state's juvenile residential
facilities. When the secretary concludes that in-residence population of
residential facilities exceeds one hundred five percent of the rated bed
capacity specified in statute, or in absence of such specification, as
specified by the department in rule, the secretary may recommend reductions to
the governor. On certification by the governor that the recommended reductions
are necessary, the secretary has authority to administratively release a
sufficient number of offenders to reduce in-residence population to one hundred
percent of rated bed capacity. The secretary shall release those offenders who
have served the greatest proportion of their sentence. However, the secretary
may deny release in a particular case at the request of an offender, or if the
secretary finds that there is no responsible custodian, as determined by the
department, to whom to release the offender, or if the release of the offender
would pose a clear danger to society. The department shall notify the
committing court of the release at the ((end of each calendar year)) time
of release if any such early releases have occurred ((during that year))
as a result of excessive in-residence population. In no event shall ((a
serious)) an offender((, as defined in RCW 13.40.020(1))) adjudicated
of a violent offense be granted release under the provisions of this
subsection.
(3) Following the
juvenile's release pursuant to subsection (1) of this section, the secretary
may require the juvenile to comply with a program of parole to be administered
by the department in his or her community which shall last no longer than
eighteen months, except that in the case of a juvenile sentenced for rape in
the first or second degree, rape of a child in the first or second degree,
child molestation in the first degree, or indecent liberties with forcible
compulsion, the period of parole shall be twenty-four months. A parole program
is mandatory for offenders released under subsection (2) of this section. The
secretary shall, for the period of parole, facilitate the juvenile's
reintegration into his or her community and to further this goal may require
the juvenile to: (a) Undergo available medical or psychiatric treatment; (b)
report as directed to a parole officer; (c) pursue a course of study or
vocational training; and (d) remain within prescribed geographical
boundaries and notify the department of any change in his or her address((;
and (e))). As a mandatory condition of any term of parole, the
secretary shall require the juvenile to refrain from committing new
offenses. As a mandatory condition of parole, the secretary shall order the
juvenile to comply with the mandatory school attendance provisions of chapter
28A.225 RCW and to inform the school of the existence of this requirement.
After termination of the parole period, the juvenile shall be discharged from
the department's supervision.
(4) The department
may also modify parole for violation thereof. If, after affording a juvenile
all of the due process rights to which he or she would be entitled if the
juvenile were an adult, the secretary finds that a juvenile has violated a
condition of his or her parole, the secretary shall order one of the following
which is reasonably likely to effectuate the purpose of the parole and to
protect the public: (a) Continued supervision under the same conditions
previously imposed; (b) intensified supervision with increased reporting
requirements; (c) additional conditions of supervision authorized by this
chapter; (d) except as provided in (e) of this subsection, imposition of a
period of confinement not to exceed thirty days in a facility operated by or
pursuant to a contract with the state of Washington or any city or county for a
portion of each day or for a certain number of days each week with the balance
of the days or weeks spent under supervision; ((and)) (e) the secretary
may order any of the conditions or may return the offender to confinement in an
institution for the remainder of the sentence range if the offense for which
the offender was sentenced is rape in the first or second degree, rape of a
child in the first or second degree, child molestation in the first degree,
indecent liberties with forcible compulsion, or a sex offense that is also a
serious violent offense as defined by RCW 9.94A.030; and (f) if the
secretary determines that the juvenile has violated parole by committing a new
offense, the secretary may order the imposition of thirty days' confinement as
a penalty for the violation. This period of confinement may be in addition to
any confinement imposed as a disposition for the new offense.
(5) A parole officer of the department of social and health services shall have the power to arrest a juvenile under his or her supervision on the same grounds as a law enforcement officer would be authorized to arrest such person.
(6) If so requested and approved under chapter 13.06 RCW, the secretary shall permit a county or group of counties to perform functions under subsections (3) through (5) of this section.
Sec. 808. RCW 13.40.230 and 1981 c 299 s 16 are each amended to read as follows:
(1) Dispositions
reviewed pursuant to RCW 13.40.160((, as now or hereafter amended,))
shall be reviewed in the appropriate division of the court of appeals.
An appeal under this section shall be heard solely upon the record that was before the disposition court. No written briefs may be required, and the appeal shall be heard within thirty days following the date of sentencing and a decision rendered within fifteen days following the argument. The supreme court shall promulgate any necessary rules to effectuate the purposes of this section.
(2) To uphold a
disposition outside the standard range, ((or which imposes confinement for a
minor or first offender,)) the court of appeals must find (a) that the
reasons supplied by the disposition judge are supported by the record which was
before the judge and that those reasons clearly and convincingly support the
conclusion that a disposition within the range((, or nonconfinement for a
minor or first offender,)) would constitute a manifest injustice, and (b)
that the sentence imposed was neither clearly excessive nor clearly too
lenient.
(3) If the court does not find subsection (2)(a) of this section it shall remand the case for disposition within the standard range or for community supervision without confinement as would otherwise be appropriate pursuant to this chapter.
(4) If the court finds subsection (2)(a) but not subsection (2)(b) of this section it shall remand the case with instructions for further proceedings consistent with the provisions of this chapter.
(5) Pending appeal, a respondent may not be committed or detained for a period of time in excess of the standard range for the offense(s) committed or sixty days, whichever is longer. The disposition court may impose conditions on release pending appeal as provided in RCW 13.40.040(4) and 13.40.050(6). Upon the expiration of the period of commitment or detention specified in this subsection, the court may also impose such conditions on the respondent's release pending disposition of the appeal.
(6) Appeal of a disposition under this section does not affect the finality or appeal of the underlying adjudication of guilt.
NEW SECTION. Sec. 809. The following acts or parts of acts are each repealed:
(1) RCW 13.40.0354 and 1989 c 407 s 6; and
(2) RCW 13.40.0357 and 1994 c . . . s 714 (section 714 of this act) & 1989 c 407 s 7.
PART IX. TECHNICAL PROVISIONS
NEW SECTION. Sec. 901. If any provision of this act or its application to any person or circumstance is held invalid, the remainder of the act or the application of the provision to other persons or circumstances is not affected.
NEW SECTION. Sec. 902. (1) Sections 701 through 719 of this act shall take effect July 1, 1994.
(2) Sections 801 through 809 of this act shall take effect July 1, 1995.
NEW SECTION. Sec. 903. Sections 705, 715, 716, and 719 of this act shall expire July 1, 1995.
NEW SECTION. Sec. 904. (1) Sections 701 through 719 of this act shall apply to offenses committed on or after July 1, 1994.
(2) Sections 801 through 809 of this act shall apply to offenses committed on or after July 1, 1995."
Renumber the parts and sections consecutively and correct the table of contents and any internal references accordingly.
E2SHB 2319 - S AMD TO S AMD (S-5375.4/94)
By Senator
On page 159, beginning on line 25 of the title amendment, after "13.04.030," strike the remainder of the title and insert "13.40.300, 82.04.250, 9A.46.050, 10.14.080, 10.99.040, 10.99.045, 26.09.050, 26.09.060, 26.10.040, 26.10.115, 26.26.137, 26.50.070, 77.12.720, 9.94A.150, 10.99.030, 28A.300.130, 28A.320.205, 28A.610.030, 28A.610.060, 28A.620.020, 9A.36.031, 28A.600.475, 13.50.050, 28A.190.030, 28A.190.040, 28A.650.015, 13.50.010, 72.09.300, 13.40.020, 13.40.025, 13.40.027, 13.40.030, 13.40.070, 13.40.080, 13.40.0357, 13.40.160, 13.40.180, 13.40.190, 13.40.200, 13.40.230, 13.40.020, 13.40.150, 13.40.160, 13.40.180, 13.40.205, 13.40.210, 13.40.230, 66.24.210, 66.24.290, 82.08.150, 82.24.020, 82.64.020, and 69.50.520; amending 1993 sp.s. c 24 s 501 (uncodified); reenacting and amending RCW 9.41.010, 9.41.040, 26.28.080, 26.26.130, 26.50.060, 10.31.100, and 28A.630.885; adding new sections to chapter 43.70 RCW; adding new sections to chapter 70.190 RCW; adding a new section to chapter 74.14A RCW; adding a new section to Title 28A RCW; adding a new section to chapter 43.63A RCW; adding a new section to chapter 43.101 RCW; adding new sections to chapter 43.41 RCW; adding a new section to chapter 43.20A RCW; adding a new section to chapter 35.21 RCW; adding a new section to chapter 35A.11 RCW; adding a new section to chapter 36.32 RCW; adding new sections to chapter 9.41 RCW; adding new sections to chapter 9.94A RCW; adding a new section to chapter 13.06 RCW; adding a new section to chapter 28A.310 RCW; adding a new section to chapter 28A.405 RCW; adding a new section to chapter 28A.600 RCW; adding a new section to chapter 13.16 RCW; adding a new section to chapter 72.02 RCW; adding a new section to chapter 28A.650 RCW; adding a new section to chapter 43.19 RCW; adding a new section to chapter 43.33A RCW; adding a new section to chapter 13.40 RCW; adding a new section to chapter 44.28 RCW; adding a new chapter to Title 19 RCW; creating new sections; recodifying RCW 9.41.160; repealing RCW 70.190.900, 9.41.030, 9.41.093, 9.41.100, 9.41.130, 9.41.200, 9.41.210, 9.41.230, 13.40.0354, 13.40.0357, and 82.64.900; prescribing penalties; providing effective dates; providing contingent effective dates; providing an expiration date; providing for submission of certain sections of this act to a vote of the people; and declaring an emergency.""
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