AN ACT Relating to credit for reinsured ceded risks; amending RCW 48.12.160; adding new sections to chapter 48.12 RCW; creating a new section; and repealing RCW 48.05.300.

BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON:

NEW SECTION. Sec. 1. (1) The purpose of this act is to protect the interest of insureds, claimants, ceding insurers, assuming insurers, and the public generally.

(2) It is the intent of the legislature to ensure adequate regulation of insurers and reinsurers and adequate protection for those to whom they owe obligations.

(3) It is also the intent of the legislature to declare that the matters contained in this act are fundamental to the business of insurance and to exercise its powers and privileges under 15 U.S.C. Secs. 1011 and 1012.

NEW SECTION. Sec. 2. For purposes of this act, a "qualified United States financial institution" means an institution that complies with all of the following:

(1) Is organized or, in the case of a United States office of a foreign banking organization, licensed under the laws of the United States or any state thereof;

(2) Is regulated, supervised, and examined by United States federal or state authorities having regulatory authority over banks and trust companies;

(3) Has been determined by the commissioner, or, in the discretion of the commissioner, the securities valuation office of the national association of insurance commissioners, to meet such standards of financial condition and standing as are considered necessary and appropriate to regulate the quality of financial institutions whose letters of credit will be acceptable to the commissioner; and

(4) Is not affiliated with the assuming company.

NEW SECTION. Sec. 3. Upon insolvency of a non-United States insurer or reinsurer that provides security to fund its United States obligations in accordance with this act, the assets representing the security must be maintained in the United States and claims must be filed with and valued by the state insurance commissioner with regulatory oversight, and the assets distributed, in accordance with the insurance laws of the state in which the trust is domiciled that are applicable to the liquidation of domestic United States insurance companies.

NEW SECTION. Sec. 4. (1) Credit for reinsurance in a reinsurance contract entered into after December 31, 1996, is allowed a domestic ceding insurer as either an asset or a deduction from liability in accordance with RCW 48.12.160 only if the reinsurance contract contains provisions that provide, in substance, as follows:

(a) The reinsurer shall indemnify the ceding insurer against all or a portion of the risk it assumed according to the terms and conditions contained in the reinsurance contract.

(b) In the event of insolvency and the appointment of a conservator, liquidator, or statutory successor of the ceding company, the portion of risk or obligation assumed by the reinsurer is payable to the conservator, liquidator, or statutory successor on the basis of claims allowed against the insolvent company by a court of competent jurisdiction or by a conservator, liquidator, or statutory successor of the company having authority to allow such claims, without diminution because of that insolvency, or because the conservator, liquidator, or statutory successor failed to pay all or a portion of any claims. Payments by the reinsurer as provided in this subsection are made directly to the ceding insurer or to its conservator, liquidator, or statutory successor, except where the contract of insurance, reinsurance, or other written agreement specifically provides another payee of such reinsurance in the event of the insolvency of the ceding insurer.

(2) Payment under a reinsurance contract must be made within a reasonable time with reasonable provision for verification in accordance with the terms of the reinsurance agreement. However, in no event shall the payments be beyond the period required by the national association of insurance commissioners accounting practices and procedures manual.

(3) The original insured or policyholder may not have any rights against the reinsurer that are not specifically set forth in the contract of reinsurance, or in a specific agreement between the reinsurer and the original insured or policyholder.

NEW SECTION. Sec. 5. Credit for reinsurance, as either an asset or a deduction, is prohibited in an accounting or financial statement of the ceding insurer in respect to the reinsurance contract unless, in such contract, the reinsurer undertakes to indemnify the ceding insurer against all or a part of the loss or liability arising out of the original insurance. This section only applies to those reinsurance contracts entered into after December 31, 1996.

Sec. 6. RCW 48.12.160 and 1996 c 297 s 1 are each amended to read as follows:

(1) Any insurance company organized under the laws of this state may take credit as an asset or as a deduction from loss or claim, unearned premium, or life policy or contract reserves on risks ceded to a reinsurer to the extent reinsured by an insurer or insurers holding a certificate of authority to transact that kind of business in this state, unless the assuming insurer is the subject of a regulatory order or regulatory oversight by a state in which it is licensed based upon a commissioner's determination that the assuming insurer is in a hazardous financial condition. The credit on ceded risks reinsured by any insurer which is not authorized to transact business in this state may be taken:

(a) Where the reinsurer is a group including incorporated and unincorporated underwriters, and the group maintains a trust fund in a ((~~United States bank that is determined by the national association of insurance commissioners to meet credit standards for issuing letters of credit in connection with reinsurance,~~)) qualified United States financial institution which trust fund must be in an amount equal to ((~~the group's liabilities attributable to business written in the United States, and~~)):

(i) For reinsurance ceded under reinsurance agreements with an inception, amendment, or renewal date on or after August 1, 1995, funds in trust in an amount not less than the group's several liabilities attributable to business ceded by United States domiciled insurers to any member of the group; or

(ii) For reinsurance ceded under reinsurance agreements with an inception date on or before July 31, 1995, and not amended or renewed after that date, notwithstanding the other provisions of this act, funds in trust in an amount not less than the group's several insurance and reinsurance liabilities attributable to business written in the United States.

In addition, the group shall maintain a trusteed surplus of which one hundred million dollars shall be held jointly and exclusively for the benefit of United States ceding insurers of any member of the group((;)).

The incorporated members of the group shall not be engaged in any business other than underwriting as a member of the group and shall be subject to the same level of solvency regulation and control by the group's domiciliary regulator as are the unincorporated members; and the group shall make available to the commissioner an annual certification of the solvency of each underwriter by the group's domiciliary regulator and its independent public accountants;

(b) Where the reinsurer does not meet the definition of (a) of this subsection, the single assuming alien reinsurer that, as of the date of the ceding insurer's statutory financial statement, maintains a trust fund in a ((~~United States bank that is determined by the national association of insurance commissioners to meet credit standards for issuing letters of credit in connection with reinsurance~~)) qualified United States financial institution, which trust fund must be in an amount ((~~equal to~~)) not less than the assuming alien reinsurer's liabilities attributable to reinsurance ceded by United States domiciled insurers, and in addition, the assuming insurer shall maintain a trusteed surplus of not less than twenty million dollars , and the assuming alien reinsurer maintaining the trust fund must have received a registration from the commissioner under section 7 of this act. The assuming alien reinsurer shall report on or before February 28th to the commissioner substantially the same information as that required to be reported on the national association of insurance commissioners annual statement form by licensed insurers, to enable the commissioner to determine the sufficiency of the trust fund; ((or))

(i) The amount of deposits by and funds withheld from the assuming insurer pursuant to express provision therefor in the reinsurance contract, as security for the payment of the obligations thereunder, if the deposits or funds are assets of the types and amounts that are authorized under chapter 48.13 RCW and are held subject to withdrawal by and under the control of the ceding insurer or if the deposits or funds are placed in trust for these purposes in a bank which is a member of the federal reserve system and withdrawals from the trust cannot be made without the consent of the ceding company; or

(ii) The amount of a clean, irrevocable, and unconditional letter of credit issued by a United States bank that is determined by the national association of insurance commissioners to meet credit standards for issuing letters of credit in connection with reinsurance, and issued for a term of at least one year with provisions that it must be renewed unless the bank gives notice of nonrenewal at least thirty days before the expiration issued under arrangements satisfactory to the commissioner of insurance as constituting security to the ceding insurer substantially equal to that of a deposit under (c)(i) of this subsection.

(2) Credit for reinsurance may not be granted under subsection (1)(a), (b), and (c)(i) of this section unless:

(a) The form of the trust and amendments to the trust have been approved by the insurance commissioner of the state where the trust is located, or the insurance commissioner of another state who, pursuant to the terms of the trust agreement, has accepted principal regulatory oversight of the trust;

(b) The trust and trust amendments are filed with the commissioner of every state in which the ceding insurer beneficiaries of the trust are domiciled;

(c) The trust instrument provides that contested claims are valid, enforceable, and payable out of funds in trust to the extent remaining unsatisfied thirty days after entry of the final order of a court of competent jurisdiction in the United States;

(d) The trust vests legal title to its assets in the trustees of the trust for the benefit of the grantor's United States ceding insurers, their assigns, and successors in interest;

(e) The trust and the assuming insurer are subject to examination as determined by the commissioner;

(f) The trust shall remain in effect for as long as the assuming insurer, member, or former member of a group of insurers has outstanding obligations due under the reinsurance agreements subject to the trust; and

(g) No later then February 28th of each year, the trustees of the trust report to the commissioner in writing setting forth the balance of the trust and listing the trust's investments at the preceding year end. In addition, the trustees of the trust shall certify the date of termination of the trust, if so planned, or certify that the trust shall not expire within the next twelve months.

(3) Any reinsurance ceded by a company organized under the laws of this state or ceded by any company not organized under the laws of this state and transacting business in this state must be payable by the assuming insurer on the basis of liability of the ceding company under the contract or contracts reinsured without diminution because of the insolvency of the ceding company, and any such reinsurance agreement which may be canceled on less than ninety days notice must provide for a run-off of the reinsurance in force at the date of cancellation.

((~~(3) A reinsurance agreement may provide that the~~)) (4) The domiciliary conservator, liquidator ((or)), receiver, or statutory successor of an insolvent ceding insurer shall give written notice to the assuming insurer of the pendency of a claim against the insolvent ceding insurer on the policy or bond reinsured within a reasonable time after such claim is filed in the insolvency proceeding and that during the pendency of such claim any assuming insurer may investigate such claim and interpose, at its own expense, in the proceeding where such claim is to be adjudicated, any defense or defenses which it may deem available to the ceding insurer or its liquidator or receiver or statutory successor.

The expense thus incurred by the assuming insurer shall be chargeable subject to court approval against the insolvent ceding insurer as a part of the expense of liquidation to the extent of a proportionate share of the benefit which may accrue to the ceding insurer solely as a result of the defense undertaken by the assuming insurer.

((~~(4)~~)) (5) Where two or more assuming insurers are involved in the same claim and a majority in interest elect to interpose to such claim, the expense shall be apportioned in accordance with the terms of the reinsurance agreement as though such expense had been incurred by the ceding insurer.

(6) The credit permitted by subsection (1)(b) of this section is prohibited unless the assuming alien insurer agrees in the trust agreement, notwithstanding other provisions in the trust instrument, if the trust fund is inadequate because it contains an amount less than the amount required by subsection (1)(b) of this section or if the grantor of the trust has been declared insolvent or placed into receivership, rehabilitation, liquidation, or similar proceedings under the laws of its state or country of domicile:

(a) To comply with an order of the commissioner with regulatory oversight over the trust or with an order of a court of competent jurisdiction directing the trustee to transfer to the commissioner with regulatory oversight all of the assets of the trust fund;

(b) That assets be distributed by, and insurance claims of United States trust beneficiaries be filed with and valued by, the commissioner with regulatory oversight in accordance with the laws of the state in which the trust is domiciled that are applicable to the liquidation of domestic insurance companies;

(c) That if the commissioner with regulatory oversight determines that the assets of the trust fund or a part thereof are not necessary to satisfy the claims of the United States ceding insurers, which are United States trust beneficiaries, the assets or part thereof shall be returned by the commissioner with regulatory oversight to the trustee for distribution in accordance with the trust agreement; and

(d) That the grantor waives any right otherwise available to it under United States law that is inconsistent with this provision.

NEW SECTION. Sec. 7. (1) The assuming alien reinsurer must register with the commissioner and must:

(a) File with the commissioner evidence of its submission to this state's jurisdiction and to this state's authority to examine its books and records under chapter 48.03 RCW;

(b) Designate the commissioner as its lawful attorney upon whom service of all papers may be made for an action, suit, or proceeding instituted by or on behalf of the ceding insurer;

(c) File with the commissioner a certified copy of a letter or a certificate of authority or a certificate of compliance issued by the assuming alien insurer's domiciliary jurisdiction and the domiciliary jurisdiction of its United States reinsurance trust;

(d) Submit a statement, signed and verified by an officer of the assuming alien insurer to be true and correct, that discloses whether the assuming alien insurer or an affiliated person who owns or has a controlling interest in the assuming alien insurer is currently known to be the subject of one or more of the following:

(i) An order or proceeding regarding conservation, liquidation, or receivership;

(ii) An order or proceeding regarding the revocation or suspension of a license or accreditation to transact insurance or reinsurance in any jurisdiction; or

(iii) An order or proceeding brought by an insurance regulator in any jurisdiction seeking to restrict or stop the assuming alien insurer from transacting insurance or reinsurance based upon a hazardous financial condition.

The assuming alien insurer shall provide the commissioner with copies of all orders or other documents initiating proceedings subject to disclosure under this subsection. The statement must affirm that no actions, proceedings, or orders subject to this subsection are outstanding against the assuming alien insurer or an affiliated person who owns or has a controlling interest in the assuming alien insurer, except as disclosed in the statement;

(e) File other information, financial or otherwise, which the commissioner reasonably requests.

(2) A registration continues in force until suspended, revoked, or not renewed. A registration is subject to renewal annually on the first day of July upon application of the assuming alien insurer and payment of the fee in the same amount as an insurer pays for renewal of a certificate of authority.

(3) The commissioner shall give an assuming alien insurer notice of his or her intention to revoke or refuse to renew its registration at least ten days before the order of revocation or refusal is to become effective.

(4) The commissioner shall, consistent with chapters 48.04 and 34.05 RCW, deny or revoke an assuming alien insurer's registration if the assuming alien insurer no longer qualifies or meets the requirements for registration.

(5) The commissioner may, consistent with chapters 48.04 and 34.05 RCW, deny or revoke an assuming alien insurer's registration if the assuming alien insurer:

(a) Fails to comply with a provision of this chapter or fails to comply with an order or regulation of the commissioner;

(b) Is found by the commissioner to be in such a condition that its further transaction of reinsurance would be hazardous to ceding insurers, policyholders, or the people in this state;

(c) Refuses to remove or discharge a trustee, director, or officer who has been convicted of a crime involving fraud, dishonesty, or moral turpitude;

(d) Usually compels policy‑holding claimants either to accept less than the amount due them or to bring suit against the assuming alien insurer to secure full payment of the amount due;

(e) Refuses to be examined, or its trustees, directors, officers, employees, or representatives refuse to submit to examination or to produce its accounts, records, and files for examination by the commissioner when required, or refuse to perform a legal obligation relative to the examination;

(f) Refuses to submit to the jurisdiction of the United States courts;

(g) Fails to pay a final judgment rendered against it:

(i) Within thirty days after the judgment became final;

(ii) Within thirty days after time for taking an appeal has expired; or

(iii) Within thirty days after dismissal of an appeal before final determination;

whichever date is later.

(h) Is found by the commissioner, after investigation or upon receipt of reliable information:

(i) To be managed by persons, whether by its trustees, directors, officers, or by other means, who are incompetent or untrustworthy or so lacking in insurance company management experience as to make proposed operation hazardous to the insurance-buying public; or

(ii) That there is good reason to believe it is affiliated directly or indirectly through ownership, control, or business relations, with a person or persons whose business operations are, or have been found to be, in violation of any law or rule, to the detriment of policyholders, stockholders, investors, creditors, or of the public, by bad faith or by manipulation of the assets, accounts, or reinsurance;

(i) Does business through reinsurance intermediaries or other representatives in this state or in any other state, who are not properly licensed under applicable laws and rules; or

(j) Fails to pay, by the date due, any amounts required by this code.

(6) A domestic ceding insurer is not allowed credit with respect to reinsurance ceded, if the assuming alien insurer's registration has been revoked by the commissioner.

(7) The actual costs and expenses incurred by the commissioner for an examination of a registered alien insurer must be charged to and collected from the alien reinsurer.

(8) A registered alien reinsurer is included as a "class one" organization for the purposes of RCW 48.02.190.

NEW SECTION. Sec. 8. (1) Unless credit for reinsurance or deduction from liability is prohibited under section 5 of this act, a foreign ceding insurer is allowed credit for reinsurance or deduction from liability to the extent credit has been allowed by the ceding insurer's state of domicile if:

(a) The state of domicile is accredited by the national association of insurance commissioners; or

(b) Credit or deduction from liability would be allowed under this act if the foreign ceding insurer were domiciled in this state.

(2) Notwithstanding subsection (1) of this section, credit for reinsurance or deduction from liability may be disallowed upon a finding by the commissioner that either the condition of the reinsurer, or the collateral or other security provided by the reinsurer, does not satisfy the credit for reinsurance requirements applicable to ceding insurers domiciled in this state.

NEW SECTION. Sec. 9. The commissioner may adopt rules to implement and administer this act.

NEW SECTION. Sec. 10. RCW 48.05.300 and 1993 c 91 s 1, 1977 ex.s. c 180 s 1, & 1947 c 79 s .05.30 are each repealed.

NEW SECTION. Sec. 11. Sections 2 through 5 and 7 through 9 of this act are each added to chapter 48.12 RCW.