HOUSE BILL ANALYSIS

                 PSHB 1392

Title:  An act relating to vacation of records of conviction.

Brief Description:  Revising provisions relating to vacation of records of conviction.

Sponsors:  Representatives Hurst, Constantine, Sheahan and McDonald.

          Brief Summary of Proposed Substitute Bill

CProvides the same method for vacating an offender's record of conviction whether the offender was convicted of a felony or misdemeanor, whether the offender was convicted of a crime before or after the Sentencing Reform Act, and whether the offense was a felony or a misdemeanor.

HOUSE COMMITTEE ON JUDICIARY

Staff:  Bill Perry (786-7123).

Background:

Under the Sentencing Reform Act (SRA) an offender may be able to get his or her record of a felony conviction "vacated" after a certain amount of time has passed.  Vacation of the record has the effect of removing "all penalties and disabilities" that resulted from the offense.  It also prevents the offense from being used as "criminal history" for purposes of sentencing for a subsequent offense.  Finally, vacation of the record allows the offender to respond on an employment application that he or she has never been convicted of that crime.  However, the vacation of a record of conviction does not prevent that conviction from being used in a later criminal prosecution for a crime in which one element is a prior conviction.  (For instance, it is still possible to use a vacated prior conviction in a prosecution for a crime that becomes a felony on a second or subsequent conviction.)

There are several limitations on an offender's ability to get a record of conviction vacated:

CNo vacation is possible for any class A felony, any violent offense, or any "crime against persons."  (These categories cover many crimes, including all murders, all felony sex offenses, all assaults, and many other crimes that are covered by the Washington State Patrol's background check authority regarding prospective employees who may have contact with children.)

CNo vacation is possible if the offender has any criminal charges pending.

CNo vacation is possible if the offender has been convicted of any other crime since completion of his or her sentence for the offense for which vacation is being sought.

CAt least 10 years must have passed since completion of the sentence if the offense was a class B felony.

CAt least five years must have passed since completion of the sentence if the offense was a class C felony.

These vacation of record provisions apply only to offenders sentenced under the SRA.  The SRA applies only to felonies committed on or after July 1, 1984.

For felonies committed before the SRA, and for misdemeanor and gross misdemeanor offenses, there are no provisions equivalent to this vacation of record procedure.  Pre-SRA felons may be "released from all penalties and disabilities" that resulted from conviction, and misdemeanants may have their charges "dismissed" after successful completion of a suspended sentence.  However, neither pre-SRA felons nor misdemeanants are authorized to respond to an employment application by saying they have never been convicted of an offense.

Summary of Proposed Substitute Bill:

A procedure for vacation of the record of conviction is established for pre-SRA felons and for misdemeanants.  The procedure and the criteria are basically the same as for SRA vacations of records.

The vacation of a misdemeanor or gross misdemeanor record of conviction can occur only if at least five years have passed since completion of the sentence.  If the crime was one such as DUI for which a longer record-keeping period is already required, then the longer period also applies to the vacation procedure.

Fiscal Note:  Not requested.

Effective Date:  Ninety days after adjournment of session in which bill is passed.

                 Office of Program Research