HOUSE BILL REPORT

SHB 1422

This analysis was prepared by non-partisan legislative staff for the use of legislative members in their deliberations. This analysis is not a part of the legislation nor does it constitute a statement of legislative intent.

As Amended by the Senate

Title: An act relating to authorizing the department of natural resources to conduct a forest biomass to aviation fuel demonstration project to facilitate Washington leading the nation in aviation biofuel production.

Brief Description: Authorizing a forest biomass to aviation fuel demonstration project.

Sponsors: House Committee on Technology, Energy & Communications (originally sponsored by Representatives Stanford, Orcutt, Chandler, Warnick, Van De Wege, Green, Smith, Jacks, Blake, Sullivan, McCoy, Kretz, Tharinger, Ryu, Short, Sells, Lytton, Liias, Frockt, Moscoso, Billig, Probst, Rolfes, Dunshee, Maxwell, Upthegrove and Kenney; by request of Commissioner of Public Lands).

Brief History:

Committee Activity:

Technology, Energy & Communications: 2/1/11, 2/8/11 [DPS].

Floor Activity:

Passed House: 2/22/11, 93-1.

Senate Amended.

Passed Senate: 4/4/11, 47-0.

Brief Summary of Substitute Bill

  • Authorizes the Department of Natural Resources (DNR) to develop and implement a forest biomass to aviation fuel demonstration project.

  • Authorizes the DNR to form forest biomass aviation fuel partnerships to develop and implement a forest biomass to aviation fuel demonstration project.

  • Directs the DNR to create a strategy for developing a broad forest biomass to aviation biofuel sector in Washington.

HOUSE COMMITTEE ON TECHNOLOGY, ENERGY & COMMUNICATIONS

Majority Report: The substitute bill be substituted therefor and the substitute bill do pass. Signed by 17 members: Representatives McCoy, Chair; Crouse, Ranking Minority Member; Short, Assistant Ranking Minority Member; Anderson, Billig, Carlyle, Dahlquist, Eddy, Frockt, Haler, Harris, Hasegawa, Jacks, Kelley, Liias, McCune and Morris.

Staff: Scott Richards (786-7156).

Background:

State Trust Lands.

The Department of Natural Resources (DNR) manages 5.6 million acres of forest, range, agricultural, aquatic, and commercial lands for the people of Washington. The DNR manages approximately 2.3 million acres of forested state trust lands.

Under a mix of authorities, including state law, the state Constitution, and the state's federal Enabling Act, these state trust lands are held by the state for specified trust beneficiaries. In total, there are 18 trust beneficiaries that derive some level of economic benefit from the management of these trust lands. The beneficiaries include common schools, the state universities, community colleges, counties, and the state's capital budget.

Biomass Energy Pilot Projects.

In 2009 the Legislature authorized the DNR to implement biomass energy pilot projects in eastern and western Washington. The purpose of the pilot projects are to demonstrate that removing biomass feedstock in ecologically sustainable ways to produce energy (liquid fuels or heat and electricity) may provide income for forest landowners while improving forest health; create rural jobs; reduce wildfires and greenhouse gas emissions; and aid in the production of renewable energy.

In January 2010 the following four biomass projects were selected:

Long-term Biomass Supply Contracts.

In 2010 the Legislature authorized the DNR to enter into long-term contracts to supply forest biomass from DNR-managed lands. The DNR is authorized to: (1) conduct separate sales within valuable materials contracts; (2) enter into long-term competitive contracts of five years which may be renewed up to three times; (3) carry out direct sales contracts without public auction; (4) offer 15-year contracts for entities making a qualifying capital investment of $50 million; and (5) lease state lands for the purpose of integrated biomass supply area and facility siting.

Forest Biomass Supply Assessment.

Before entering into long-term contracts for forest biomass from state-managed lands, the DNR must first assess the available supply of biomass in the contract area. In 2010 the DNR received a grant from the United States Forest Service to perform a statewide forest biomass supply assessment. The DNR selected the University of Washington's School of Forestry to conduct the assessment.

The Forest Biomass Supply Assessment will assess forest biomass availability and sustainability throughout Washington on all forest land ownerships, including state‑owned lands. The forest biomass supply assessment will build on previous biomass supply analyses, refining and improving upon them by using finer-scale data and by evaluating individual land managers' objectives, operational and economic factors for biomass availability, and environmental sustainability. A range of supply estimates will be developed encompassing all forestland owners statewide, and will further break down these estimates within a series of logical supply tributary areas. The Forest Biomass Supply Assessment is scheduled for completion by August 2011.

The President's Biofuels Interagency Working Group.

In 2009 President Obama, through a Presidential Directive, established the Biofuels Interagency Working Group (Working Group). The Working Group is co-chaired by the Secretaries of the United States Departments of Agriculture and Energy and the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency. The Working Group is responsible for: (1) developing the nation’s first comprehensive biofuel market development program, which shall use existing authorities and identify new policies to support the development of next-generation biofuels, increase flexible fuel vehicle use, and assist in retail marketing efforts; (2) coordinating infrastructure policies impacting the supply, secure transport, and distribution of biofuels; and (3) identifying new policy options to promote the environmental sustainability of biofuels feedstock production, taking into consideration land use, habitat conservation, crop management practices, water efficiency, and water quality, as well as lifecycle assessments of greenhouse gas emissions.

"Forest biomass" means the by-products of prescribed or permitted forest management practices; forest protection treatments; or forest health treatments. "Forest biomass" does not include wood pieces that have been treated with chemical preservatives such as: creosote, pentachlorophenol, or copper-chrome-arsenic; wood from old growth forests, except wood removed for forest health treatments; or municipal solid waste.

Summary of Substitute Bill:

Forest Biomass to Aviation Fuel Demonstration Project.

The Department of Natural Resources (DNR) is authorized to develop and implement a forest biomass to aviation fuel demonstration project (demonstration project).

The DNR must design a demonstration project to: (1) demonstrate opportunities for state lands to generate trust income through the development of aviation biofuel production capacity; (2) create green jobs; (3) avoid interfering with the current supply area for forest biomass collection surrounding an existing fixed location biomass energy production site; (4) be consistent with report findings from the University of Washington and the DNR concerning operationally and ecologically sustainable feedstocks and production processes; and (5) comply with the state's existing energy efficiency goals.

In selecting a site for the demonstration project, the DNR must give preference to facilities that are already highly energy efficient or that will gain significant efficiency through the installation of a biofacility utilizing waste heat and energy.

Forest Biomass Aviation Fuel Partnerships.

The DNR is authorized to form forest biomass aviation fuel partnerships to develop and implement the demonstration project.

These partnerships are encouraged to: (1) be public-private partnerships focused on convening the entities necessary to grow, harvest, process, transport, and utilize forest biomass to generate sustainable aviation fuel; and (2) employ emerging technologies that emphasize efficient feedstock utilization (most energy/dry ton of product). Additionally, partnerships should strive to include representatives from, but not limited to: entrepreneurs or organizations developing and operating emerging forest biomass processing technologies; contractors capable of providing the local labor needed to collect, process, and transport feedstocks; tribes, federal land management agencies, county, city, and other local governments and other state agencies; workforce development organizations; accredited research institutions; aviation companies; ports; existing biofuel production facilities; oil refining companies located in Washington; not-for-profit conservation organizations; private forest landowners; and forest product manufacturers.

Forest Biomass to Aviation Biofuel Strategy.

By December 2012 the DNR must report to the Legislature a strategy for developing a broad forest biomass to aviation biofuel sector in the state and provide an update on progress toward implementation of a demonstration biofacility in the state.

In producing the strategy, the DNR must collaborate with the Department of Commerce and research institutions and convene and conduct an expert panel. The expert panel must be comprised of, but not limited to, representatives from state agencies, local governments, natural resource industries, biofuel producers, oil refiners, utilities, infrastructure providers, transportation fuel markets, and environmental groups.

The forest biomass to aviation biofuel strategy report must:

EFFECT OF SENATE AMENDMENT(S):

The Senate amendment strikes the underlying bill.

The Senate amendment authorizes the Department of Natural Resources (DNR) and the Department of Commerce to cooperate and consult with the University of Washington and Washington State University in their development of forest biomass to aviation fuel by:

The Senate amendment requires the DNR to report to the Governor and the Legislature:

The Senate amendment also requires a percentage of the income, proportionate to the percent of state resources, derived from the investment of state resources in the development of patents, copyrights, proprietary processes, or licenses developed by the forest biomass to aviation fuel demonstration project to be deposited in the State General Fund.

Appropriation: None.

Fiscal Note: Available.

Effective Date: The bill takes effect 90 days after adjournment of the session in which the bill is passed.

Staff Summary of Public Testimony:

(In support) This bill pushes forward technologies for renewable sources of energy. Renewable energy resources are critical for our security in the long term. The bill will pull in investments and stimulate jobs in Washington. The bill provides the state with a unique opportunity to put rural Washingtonians back to work. The bill marries our state heritage in forest products with innovation in aviation, allows us to improve forest health, and helps us reduce our reliance on foreign oil. The bill allows us to put these forest biomass resources to their highest use. The bill helps address forest health and the danger of forest fires.

(In support with concerns) This bill would be improved with an amendment that would say that collection of biomass should avoid interfering with forest product production sites.

(With concerns) In our excitement with these new technologies, let us not overlook the need to be sustainable. We must make sure we are being careful and are using good conservation measures in creating this new fuel.

(Opposed) None.

Persons Testifying: (In support) Representative Stanford, prime sponsor; Heath Packard and Rachael Jamison, Department of Natural Resources; Bill Stauffacher, Northwest Pulp and Paper Association; Stephen Bernath, Department of Ecology; and David Whipple, Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife.

(In support with concerns) Sean O'Sullivan, Association of Western Washington Paper Workers.

(With concerns) Miguel Perez-Gibson, Washington Environmental Council.

Persons Signed In To Testify But Not Testifying: None.