BILL REQ. #:  H-0907.1 

Read first time 02/01/13.   Referred to Committee on Agriculture & Natural Resources.

     AN ACT Relating to helping to ensure the viability of small forest landowners; amending RCW 76.13.130 and 76.13.120; adding a new section to chapter 76.13 RCW; and creating a new section.

BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON:

NEW SECTION.  Sec. 1   (1) The legislature finds that providing for long-term stewardship of nonindustrial forests and woodlands in projected growth areas and rural areas is an important factor in maintaining Washington's special character and quality of life.
     (2) The legislature further finds that in order to encourage and maintain nonindustrial forests and woodlands for their present and future benefit to all citizens, Washington's nonindustrial forest and woodland owners' long-term commitments to stewardship of forest resources must be recognized and supported by the citizens of Washington.
     (3) The legislature further finds that the adoption of forest practices rules consistent with the forests and fish report, as defined in RCW 76.09.020, has imposed substantial financial burdens on small forest landowners.
     (4) The legislature further finds that forest practices rules adopted since the forests and fish report have not provided small forest landowners with the alternate plan processes or alternate harvest restrictions that were intended by the legislature to lower the overall cost of regulation to small forest landowners while meeting the public resource protection standard set forth in RCW 76.09.370(3).
     (5) The legislature further finds that in order to maintain the economic viability of eighty-nine thousand family forest owners managing five million acres of forestland across the state, small forest landowners must be provided with incentives to keep their land in long-term forestry. The legislature intends to provide regulatory certainty and remove disincentives in order to encourage ownership tenure for generations to come.

Sec. 2   RCW 76.13.130 and 1999 sp.s. c 4 s 505 are each amended to read as follows:
     ((On parcels)) (1) Except as provided in section 3 of this act on harvest units of twenty contiguous acres or less, small forest landowners ((with a total parcel ownership of less than eighty acres)), as that term is defined in RCW 76.13.120, shall not be required to leave riparian buffers adjacent to streams according to forest practices rules adopted under the forests and fish report as defined in RCW 76.09.020. These landowners shall be subject to the permanent forest practices rules in effect as of January 1, 1999, but may additionally be required to leave timber adjacent to streams that is equivalent to no greater than fifteen percent of a volume of timber contained in a stand of well managed fifty-year old commercial timber covering the harvest area. The additional fifteen percent leave tree level shall be computed as a rotating stand volume and shall be regulated through flexible forest practices as the stream buffer is managed over time to meet riparian functions.
     (2) On parcels of twenty contiguous acres or less the small forest landowner office shall work with landowners with a total parcel ownership of less than eighty acres to develop alternative management plans for riparian buffers. Such alternative plans shall provide for the removal of leave trees as other new trees grow in order to ensure the most effective protection of critical riparian function. The office may recommend reasonable modifications in alternative management plans of such landowners to further reduce risks to public resources and endangered species so long as the anticipated operating costs are not unreasonably increased and the landowner is not required to leave a greater volume than the threshold level. To qualify for the provisions of this section, parcels must be twenty acres or less in contiguous ownership, and owners cannot have ownership interests in a total of more than eighty acres of forest lands within the state.

NEW SECTION.  Sec. 3   A new section is added to chapter 76.13 RCW to read as follows:
     (1) The department of natural resources must monitor all harvests conducted by small forest landowners under the authority provided in RCW 76.13.130 and its associated rules and provide an annual report to the forest practices board on the miles of stream negatively impacted by these harvests. If the department's annual report concludes that more than ten percent of a watershed administrative unit, as that term is defined by WAC 222-16-010 as it existed on the effective date of this section, is negatively impacted by harvests permitted under RCW 76.13.130, then no further harvests will be allowed in that watershed administrative unit under the rules associated with RCW 76.13.130 until the forest practices board decides that further harvest is appropriate.
     (2) A small forest landowner located in a watershed administrative unit that is not eligible for harvests under RCW 76.13.130 and its associated rules pursuant to this section may still conduct harvests consistent with the remainder of the forest practice rules.

Sec. 4   RCW 76.13.120 and 2011 c 218 s 1 are each amended to read as follows:
     (1) The legislature finds that the state should acquire easements primarily along riparian and other sensitive aquatic areas from qualifying small forest landowners willing to sell or donate such easements to the state provided that the state will not be required to acquire such easements if they are subject to unacceptable liabilities. The legislature therefore establishes a forestry riparian easement program.
     (2) The definitions in this subsection apply throughout this section and RCW 76.13.100, 76.13.110, 76.13.140, and 76.13.160 unless the context clearly requires otherwise.
     (a) "Forestry riparian easement" means an easement covering qualifying timber granted voluntarily to the state by a qualifying small forest landowner.
     (b) "Qualifying small forest landowner" means a landowner meeting all of the following characteristics as of the date the department offers compensation for a forestry riparian easement:
     (i) Is a small forest landowner as defined in (d) of this subsection; and
     (ii) Is an individual, partnership, corporation, or other nongovernmental for-profit legal entity.
     (c) "Qualifying timber" means those forest trees for which the small forest landowner is willing to grant the state a forestry riparian easement and must meet all of the following:
     (i) The forest trees are covered by a forest practices application that the small forest landowner is required to leave unharvested under the rules adopted under RCW 76.09.055 and 76.09.370 or that is made uneconomic to harvest by those rules;
     (ii) The forest trees are within or bordering a commercially reasonable harvest unit as determined under rules adopted by the forest practices board, or for which an approved forest practices application for timber harvest cannot be obtained because of restrictions under the forest practices rules;
     (iii) The forest trees are located within, or affected by forest practices rules pertaining to any one, or all, of the following:
     (A) Riparian or other sensitive aquatic areas;
     (B) Channel migration zones; or
     (C) Areas of potentially unstable slopes or landforms, verified by the department, and must meet all of the following:
     (I) Are addressed in a forest practices application;
     (II) Are adjacent to a commercially reasonable harvest area; and
     (III) Have the potential to deliver sediment or debris to a public resource or threaten public safety.
     (d) "Small forest landowner" means a landowner meeting all of the following characteristics:
     (i) A forest landowner as defined in RCW 76.09.020 whose interest in the land and timber is in fee or who has rights to the timber to be included in the forestry riparian easement that extend at least fifty years from the date the completed forestry riparian easement application associated with the easement is submitted;
     (ii) An entity that has harvested from its own lands in this state during the three years prior to the year of application an average timber volume that would qualify the owner as a small harvester under RCW 84.33.035; and
     (iii) An entity that certifies at the time of application that it does not expect to harvest from its own lands more than the volume allowed by RCW 84.33.035 during the ten years following application. If a landowner's prior three-year average harvest exceeds the limit of RCW 84.33.035, or the landowner expects to exceed this limit during the ten years following application, and that landowner establishes to the department's reasonable satisfaction that the harvest limits were or will be exceeded to raise funds to pay estate taxes or equally compelling and unexpected obligations such as court-ordered judgments or extraordinary medical expenses, the landowner shall be deemed to be a small forest landowner. For purposes of determining whether a person qualifies as a small forest landowner, the small forest landowner office, created in RCW 76.13.110, shall evaluate the landowner under this definition, pursuant to RCW 76.13.160, as of the date that the forest practices application is submitted and the date that the department offers compensation for the forestry riparian easement. A small forest landowner can include an individual, partnership, corporation, or other nongovernmental legal entity. If a landowner grants timber rights to another entity for less than five years, the landowner may still qualify as a small forest landowner under this section. If a landowner is unable to obtain an approved forest practices application for timber harvest for any of his or her land because of restrictions under the forest practices rules, the landowner may still qualify as a small forest landowner under this section.
     (e) "Completion of harvest" means that the trees have been harvested from an area and that further entry into that area by mechanized logging or slash treating equipment is not expected.
     (3) The department is authorized and directed to accept and hold in the name of the state of Washington forestry riparian easements granted by qualifying small forest landowners covering qualifying timber and to pay compensation to such landowners in accordance with this section. The department may not transfer the easements to any entity other than another state agency.
     (4) Forestry riparian easements shall be effective for fifty years from the date of the completed forestry riparian easement application, unless the easement is voluntarily terminated earlier by the department, based on a determination that termination is in the best interest of the state, or under the terms of a termination clause in the easement.
     (5) Forestry riparian easements shall be restrictive only, and shall preserve all lawful uses of the easement premises by the landowner that are consistent with the terms of the easement and the requirement to protect riparian functions during the term of the easement, subject to the restriction that the leave trees required by the rules to be left on the easement premises may not be cut during the term of the easement. No right of public access to or across, or any public use of the easement premises is created by this statute or by the easement. Forestry riparian easements shall not be deemed to trigger the compensating tax of or otherwise disqualify land from being taxed under chapter 84.33 or 84.34 RCW.
     (6) The small forest landowner office shall determine what constitutes a completed application for a forestry riparian easement. Such an application shall, at a minimum, include documentation of the owner's status as a qualifying small forest landowner, identification of location and the types of qualifying timber, and notification of completion of harvest, if applicable.
     (7) Upon receipt of the qualifying small forest landowner's forestry riparian easement application, and subject to the availability of amounts appropriated for this specific purpose, the following must occur:
     (a) The small forest landowner office shall determine the compensation to be offered to the qualifying small forest landowner for qualifying timber after the department accepts the completed forestry riparian easement application and the landowner has completed marking the boundary of the area containing the qualifying timber. The legislature recognizes that there is not readily available market transaction evidence of value for easements of the nature required by this section, and thus establishes the methodology provided in this subsection to ascertain the value for forestry riparian easements. Values so determined may not be considered competent evidence of value for any other purpose.
     (b) The small forest landowner office, subject to the availability of amounts appropriated for this specific purpose, is responsible for assessing the volume of qualifying timber. However, no more than fifty percent of the total amounts appropriated for the forestry riparian easement program may be applied to determine the volume of qualifying timber for completed forestry riparian easement applications. Based on the volume established by the small forest landowner office and using data obtained or maintained by the department of revenue under RCW 84.33.074 and 84.33.091, the small forest landowner office shall attempt to determine the fair market value of the qualifying timber as of the date the complete forestry riparian easement application is received. Removal of any qualifying timber before the expiration of the easement must be in accordance with the forest practices rules and the terms of the easement. There shall be no reduction in compensation for reentry.
     (8)(a) Except as provided in subsection (9) of this section and subject to the availability of amounts appropriated for this specific purpose, the small forest landowner office shall offer compensation for qualifying timber to the qualifying small forest landowner in the amount of fifty percent of the value determined by the small forest landowner office, plus the compliance and reimbursement costs as determined in accordance with RCW 76.13.140. However, compensation for any qualifying small forest landowner for qualifying timber located on potentially unstable slopes or landforms may not exceed a total of fifty thousand dollars during any biennial funding period.
     (b) If the landowner accepts the offer for qualifying timber, the department shall pay the compensation promptly upon:
     (i) Completion of harvest in the area within a commercially reasonable harvest unit with which the forestry riparian easement is associated under an approved forest practices application, unless an approved forest practices application for timber harvest cannot be obtained because of restrictions under the forest practices rules;
     (ii) Verification that the landowner has no outstanding violations under chapter 76.09 RCW or any associated rules; and
     (iii) Execution and delivery of the easement to the department.
     (c) Upon donation or payment of compensation, the department may record the easement.
     (9) For approved forest practices applications for which the regulatory impact is greater than the average percentage impact for all small forest landowners as determined by an analysis by the department under the regulatory fairness act, chapter 19.85 RCW, the compensation offered will be increased to one hundred percent for that portion of the regulatory impact that is in excess of the average. Regulatory impact includes all trees identified as qualifying timber. A separate average or high impact regulatory threshold shall be established for western and eastern Washington. Criteria for these measurements and payments shall be established by the small forest landowner office.
     (10) Small forest landowners choosing to conduct a harvest under the authority provided in RCW 76.13.130 and the associated rules may not participate in the forestry riparian easement program for the affected harvest units.
     (11) The forest practices board shall adopt rules under the administrative procedure act, chapter 34.05 RCW, to implement the forestry riparian easement program, including the following:
     (a) A standard version of a forestry riparian easement application as well as all additional documents necessary or advisable to create the forestry riparian easements as provided for in this section;
     (b) Standards for descriptions of the easement premises with a degree of precision that is reasonable in relation to the values involved;
     (c) Methods and standards for cruises and valuation of forestry riparian easements for purposes of establishing the compensation. The department shall perform the timber cruises of forestry riparian easements required under this chapter and chapter 76.09 RCW. Timber cruises are subject to amounts appropriated for this purpose. However, no more than fifty percent of the total appropriated funding for the forestry riparian easement program may be applied to determine the volume of qualifying timber for completed forestry riparian easement applications. Any rules concerning the methods and standards for valuations of forestry riparian easements shall apply only to the department, qualifying small forest landowners, and the small forest landowner office;
     (d) A method to determine that a forest practices application involves a commercially reasonable harvest, and adopt criteria for entering into a forestry riparian easement where a commercially reasonable harvest is not possible or a forest practices application that has been submitted cannot be approved because of restrictions under the forest practices rules;
     (e) A method to address blowdown of qualified timber falling outside the easement premises;
     (f) A formula for sharing of proceeds in relation to the acquisition of qualified timber covered by an easement through the exercise or threats of eminent domain by a federal or state agency with eminent domain authority, based on the present value of the department's and the landowner's relative interests in the qualified timber;
     (g) High impact regulatory thresholds;
     (h) A method to determine timber that is qualifying timber because it is rendered uneconomic to harvest by the rules adopted under RCW 76.09.055 and 76.09.370;
     (i) A method for internal department review of small forest landowner office compensation decisions under this section; and
     (j) Consistent with RCW 76.13.180, a method to collect reimbursement from landowners who received compensation for a forestry riparian easement and who, within the first ten years after receipt of compensation for a forestry riparian easement, sells the land on which an easement is located to a nonqualifying landowner.