Background: In 1989, the Legislature created the Pollution Liability Insurance Agency (PLIA). PLIA was initially established to meet United States Environmental Protection Agency requirements for owners and operators of underground storage tanks (USTs) and to demonstrate financial responsibility for the clean-up of contamination from spills or releases of petroleum.

PLIA provides reinsurance to insurance companies covering owners and operators of USTs and heating oil tanks. PLIA offers insurance coverage for clean-up of contamination from active heating oil tanks registered in the program prior to a contamination event. The objective of PLIA is to improve the availability and affordability of pollution liability insurance for owners and operators of USTs by selling reinsurance at a price significantly below the private market price for similar insurance. The discount is passed to owners and operators of USTs through reduced insurance premiums and increased availability of insurance.

The PLIA director is authorized to design and revise reinsurance contracts providing coverage to insurers. When designing the contract, common insurance industry reinsurance contract provisions must be considered. The contract must be designed following guidelines which include:

providing coverage to insurers for liability risks of owners and operators of USTs for 3rd party, bodily injury and property damage;
limiting total liability for reinsurance coverage to not exceed $1 million per occurrence and $2 million for each policy; and
settling disputes between the insurer and the insurance program through arbitration.

The director is authorized to:

implement periodic premiums and review premium rates;
solicit bids from insurers and select an insurer to provide pollution liability insurance to owners and operators of USTs;
monitor activities of the insurer to ensure compliance; and
make annual reports on the financial and loss experience of the insurers under the program.

PLIA and its programs are funded through:

a pollution liability fee of $0.012 per gallon of heating oil, imposed on dealers making sales of heating oil to a home owner or a consumer, which is deposited into the Heating Oil Pollution Liability Trust Account; and
an excise tax of 0.3 percent on the wholesale value of petroleum, the Petroleum Products Tax (PPT), which is deposited into the Pollution Liability Insurance Program Trust Account.

PPT is suspended when the balance reaches $15 million and reinstated when the unrestricted account balance is less than $7,500,000.

Summary: The director, in consultation with the Office of Financial Management, may design and approve an emergency program to assist owners and operators of USTs in meeting their federal financial responsibility requirements. The director is authorized to:

implement an emergency program, should a private insurer withdraw from the PLIA program; and
determine, assess, and collect costs sufficient to cover implementation of the emergency program, including costs for initial development of the program.

Costs for implementing the emergency program must be collected from UST owners and operators using the program. All collected funds must be deposited into the Pollution Liability Insurance Program Trust Account.

The director must provide a report to the Legislature that includes options available to assist owners and operators of USTs; a discussion of a state run insurance program; alternatives; and an evaluation of finances required to develop and implement a new financial responsibility model. The report must also include recommendations for legislation to implement actions necessary to meet federal financial responsibility requirements.

Senate	48	0
House	97	0