Child support obligations are established in the context of dissolution of marriage or parentage proceedings through the court or an administrative process with the Department of Social and Health Services (DSHS).  The DSHS Division of Child Support (DCS) is responsible for administering the state's child support enforcement program and provides support enforcement services to parents receiving public assistance and to non-assistance parents who request support enforcement services. 
 
The DCS may enforce child support obligations by taking withholding actions against a responsible parent's wages, earnings, assets, or benefits.  Income withholding actions include wage assignment orders, notices of payroll deduction, and orders to withhold and deliver.  A parent who has not requested enforcement services from the DCS also may take withholding actions to enforce the obligation, including wage assignment if the obligor is subject to an order allowing immediate income withholding or is past due in support.  In addition the oblige parent may seek a garnishment of the obligor's wages.  Under the garnishment process, a writ for continuing lien on earnings may be issued to require an obligor's employer to garnish a portion of the obligor's paycheck.  A writ of garnishment may also be used to reach other assets of the obligor, such as funds in a bank account.
 
Federal law requires states to have a child support enforcement program that complies with federal requirements as a condition of receiving federal funds for child support enforcement and Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) programs.  Under the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act, states are required to have and use a standard process for withholding of income for child support obligations.  States must require that the income of a noncustodial parent must be subject to withholding, regardless of whether support payments are in arrears, unless the parent demonstrates that there is good cause not to require immediate withholding, or if the parties enter into a written agreement approved by the court for an alternative arrangement.
 
Federal regulations governing income withholding were revised and became effective in 2017.  These revisions include a requirement that a federally-approved income withholding form must be used when sending notice to employers to initiate income withholding for all child support obligations.

Enforcement of a child support obligation by the Division of Child Support (DCS) through income withholding must be through use of an income withholding order that complies with the requirements of federal law.  The DCS must use income withholding forms adopted and required by United State Department of Health and Human Services for income withholding and assignment of earnings actions. 
 
Provisions allowing enforcement of child support obligations through a garnishment against wages or other earnings under garnishment laws are eliminated.  A judgment creditor may seek to withhold from earnings based on a judgment or order for child support under child support enforcement laws. 
 
Provisions addressing enforcement of a notice of payroll deduction or wage assignment with respect to child support are replaced with income withholding orders.  The statutory wage assignment order form is repealed.