The Attorney General (AG) represents the state, including state officials, departments, agencies, and boards and commissions.  Additionally, the AG formulates ballot titles for state initiatives and referenda, and provides official opinions on questions of law to public officials. 

In 2019, the Attorney General's Office (AGO) adopted a Tribal Consent and Consultation Policy.  The policy requires the AGO to receive prior consent before initiating any program or project under the independent authority of the AG.  The policy also establishes how the AGO must request and receive consent.  

The policy requires the AGO to consult with a tribe prior to filing civil litigation against a tribe or a business owned by a tribe and establishes a process of consultation.  Additionally, the policy requires the AGO provide notice to tribes prior to introducing legislation, and after filing an amicus brief or filing a ballot title that would affect tribes, tribal rights, or tribal lands.

The bill as referred to committee not considered.

Notice.  The AG must provide notice to tribes:

• prior to proposing legislation that, if passed, would affect tribes, tribal rights, or tribal lands;
• after filing an amicus brief addressing an issue that would affect tribes, tribal rights, or tribal lands—if a tribe is a party in the matter, the AG must ensure that the tribe's attorney is served with the amicus brief;
• after filing a ballot title for a state initiative or referendum that, if approved by voters, would affect tribes, tribal rights, or tribal lands; and
• after a request for a formal AG opinion is accepted that affects tribes, tribal rights, or tribal lands.

Notice must include information about the action, any relevant timelines associated with the action, and an opportunity for the tribe to contact the AG for additional information.   

Consent.  The AG may not initiate any project or program that affects a tribe, tribal rights, or tribal lands without receiving consent from that tribe. 

The requirement to receive consent does not apply where doing so would be in conflict with the AG's statutory duties as legal counsel to state officials and agencies and as legal representative for the state.  Situations where consent will not be sought include:

• actions on behalf of any other entity in the AG's role as legal counsel to state officials, agencies, departments, boards, and commissions;
• actions related to the statutory duties and functions of the AG, including issuing legal opinions and formulating ballot titles for state initiatives and referenda; and
• investigations, litigation, employment, and other internal business decisions, or in circumstances where failure to act may subject the AG to sanction from a court, rules for professional conduct, or state ethics laws. 

Consensus among tribes is not required.  If an action affects more than one tribe, the AG must seek consent from all affected tribes.  In the absence of consent from any affected tribe, the AG must request consultation with all affected tribes.  If, after consultation in good faith, consent of all impacted tribes cannot be achieved, the AG may proceed with the action.  

A request for consent from the AG is initiated by sending a written request to the chair of the tribe's governing body or designated representative, with a copy sent to each member of the tribe's governing body.  The request must include information about the program or project and describe its potential impact to the tribe and any relevant timelines.  

Annual Meeting.  The AG must host an annual meeting inviting all tribes with the goal of ensuring strong government-to-government relationships, promoting and sustaining greater communication, and identifying opportunities to collaborate on areas of mutual interest. 

Tribe, Tribal Land, and Tribal Rights.  Tribe means a federally recognized American Indian tribe in Washington, or the governing body of that tribe, or a tribe with usual and accustomed fishing rights in Washington. 

Tribal land includes Indian country as defined by federal law, trust lands, and lands which have been identified by a tribe to the AG as containing cultural, historic, or archaeological resources. 

Tribal rights means those rights and protections found in treaty, executive order, court decision, or state or federal law. 

PRO:  The bill lays out a concrete framework for respecting tribal sovereignty.  Free, prior, informed consent is a principal that is being adopted globally as a way of preserving indigenous rights, but it is usually aspiration.  This bill will be a leading policy globally and Washington can be a leader both domestically and around the world.  The policy in the bill is workable and realistic and formalizes what the AG is already doing in policy.  The bill is a historic civil rights proposal.  The adoption of the administrative policy at the AGO has improved relationships with tribes.  The bill only encompasses what is within the AG's independent authority and does not impact other agencies.

OTHER:  The bill should include narrowly-tailored language to preserve the treaty rights the Umatilla Tribe has in Washington.  The Umatilla have a longstanding relationship with Washington and their treaty rights have long been recognized by the state and its courts.