2023 Regular Session

ByRepresentatives Leavitt, Thai, Ryu, Berry, Reed, Lekanoff, Senn, Doglio, Reeves, Bronoske, Kloba, and Riccelli

Prefiled 12/05/22.Read first time 01/09/23.Referred to Committee on Community Safety, Justice, & Reentry.

AN ACT Relating to increasing the penalty for hazing; amending RCW 28B.10.901, 9.94A.411, 9.94A.515, and 9A.46.060; creating a new section; and prescribing penalties.

BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON:

Sec. 1. RCW 28B.10.901 and 1993 c 514 s 2 are each amended to read as follows:

(1) No student, or other person in attendance at any public or private institution of higher education, or any other postsecondary educational institution, may conspire to engage in hazing or participate in hazing of another.

(2) ((A))(a) Except as provided in (b) of this subsection, a violation of this section is a gross misdemeanor, punishable as provided under RCW 9A.20.021.

(b) Hazing that causes substantial bodily harm, as defined in RCW 9A.04.110, to another person is a class C felony.

(3) Any person who in the commission of a hazing offense commits any other crime may be punished for that other crime as well as for the hazing offense, and may be prosecuted for each crime separately.

(4) Any organization, association, or student living group that knowingly permits hazing is strictly liable for harm caused to persons or property resulting from hazing. If the organization, association, or student living group is a corporation whether for profit or nonprofit, the individual directors of the corporation may be held individually liable for damages.

Sec. 2. RCW 9.94A.411 and 2021 c 215 s 98 are each amended to read as follows:

(1) Decision not to prosecute.

STANDARD: A prosecuting attorney may decline to prosecute, even though technically sufficient evidence to prosecute exists, in situations where prosecution would serve no public purpose, would defeat the underlying purpose of the law in question or would result in decreased respect for the law.

GUIDELINE/COMMENTARY:

The following are examples of reasons not to prosecute which could satisfy the standard.

(a) Contrary to Legislative Intent - It may be proper to decline to charge where the application of criminal sanctions would be clearly contrary to the intent of the legislature in enacting the particular statute.

(b) Antiquated Statute - It may be proper to decline to charge where the statute in question is antiquated in that:

(i) It has not been enforced for many years; and

(ii) Most members of society act as if it were no longer in existence; and

(iii) It serves no deterrent or protective purpose in today's society; and

(iv) The statute has not been recently reconsidered by the legislature.

This reason is not to be construed as the basis for declining cases because the law in question is unpopular or because it is difficult to enforce.

(c) De Minimis Violation - It may be proper to decline to charge where the violation of law is only technical or insubstantial and where no public interest or deterrent purpose would be served by prosecution.

(d) Confinement on Other Charges - It may be proper to decline to charge because the accused has been sentenced on another charge to a lengthy period of confinement; and

(i) Conviction of the new offense would not merit any additional direct or collateral punishment;

(ii) The new offense is either a misdemeanor or a felony which is not particularly aggravated; and

(iii) Conviction of the new offense would not serve any significant deterrent purpose.

(e) Pending Conviction on Another Charge - It may be proper to decline to charge because the accused is facing a pending prosecution in the same or another county; and

(i) Conviction of the new offense would not merit any additional direct or collateral punishment;

(ii) Conviction in the pending prosecution is imminent;

(iii) The new offense is either a misdemeanor or a felony which is not particularly aggravated; and

(iv) Conviction of the new offense would not serve any significant deterrent purpose.

(f) High Disproportionate Cost of Prosecution - It may be proper to decline to charge where the cost of locating or transporting, or the burden on, prosecution witnesses is highly disproportionate to the importance of prosecuting the offense in question. This reason should be limited to minor cases and should not be relied upon in serious cases.

(g) Improper Motives of Complainant - It may be proper to decline charges because the motives of the complainant are improper and prosecution would serve no public purpose, would defeat the underlying purpose of the law in question or would result in decreased respect for the law.

(h) Immunity - It may be proper to decline to charge where immunity is to be given to an accused in order to prosecute another where the accused's information or testimony will reasonably lead to the conviction of others who are responsible for more serious criminal conduct or who represent a greater danger to the public interest.

(i) Victim Request - It may be proper to decline to charge because the victim requests that no criminal charges be filed and the case involves the following crimes or situations:

(i) Assault cases where the victim has suffered little or no injury;

(ii) Crimes against property, not involving violence, where no major loss was suffered;

(iii) Where doing so would not jeopardize the safety of society.

Care should be taken to insure that the victim's request is freely made and is not the product of threats or pressure by the accused.

The presence of these factors may also justify the decision to dismiss a prosecution which has been commenced.

The prosecutor is encouraged to notify the victim, when practical, and the law enforcement personnel, of the decision not to prosecute.

(2) Decision to prosecute.

Crimes against persons will be filed if sufficient admissible evidence exists, which, when considered with the most plausible, reasonably foreseeable defense that could be raised under the evidence, would justify conviction by a reasonable and objective fact finder. With regard to offenses prohibited by RCW 9A.44.040, 9A.44.050, 9A.44.073, 9A.44.076, 9A.44.079, 9A.44.083, 9A.44.086, 9A.44.089, and 9A.64.020 the prosecutor should avoid prefiling agreements or diversions intended to place the accused in a program of treatment or counseling, so that treatment, if determined to be beneficial, can be provided pursuant to RCW 9.94A.670.

Crimes against property/other crimes will be filed if the admissible evidence is of such convincing force as to make it probable that a reasonable and objective fact finder would convict after hearing all the admissible evidence and the most plausible defense that could be raised.

See table below for the crimes within these categories.

CATEGORIZATION OF CRIMES FOR PROSECUTING STANDARDS

CRIMES AGAINST PERSONS

Aggravated Murder (RCW 10.95.020)

1st Degree Murder (RCW 9A.32.030)

2nd Degree Murder (RCW 9A.32.050)

1st Degree Manslaughter (RCW 9A.32.060)

2nd Degree Manslaughter (RCW 9A.32.070)

1st Degree Kidnapping (RCW 9A.40.020)

2nd Degree Kidnapping (RCW 9A.40.030)

1st Degree Assault (RCW 9A.36.011)

2nd Degree Assault (RCW 9A.36.021)

3rd Degree Assault (RCW 9A.36.031)

4th Degree Assault (if a violation of RCW 9A.36.041(3))

1st Degree Assault of a Child (RCW 9A.36.120)

2nd Degree Assault of a Child (RCW 9A.36.130)

3rd Degree Assault of a Child (RCW 9A.36.140)

1st Degree Rape (RCW 9A.44.040)

2nd Degree Rape (RCW 9A.44.050)

3rd Degree Rape (RCW 9A.44.060)

1st Degree Rape of a Child (RCW 9A.44.073)

2nd Degree Rape of a Child (RCW 9A.44.076)

3rd Degree Rape of a Child (RCW 9A.44.079)

1st Degree Robbery (RCW 9A.56.200)

2nd Degree Robbery (RCW 9A.56.210)

1st Degree Arson (RCW 9A.48.020)

1st Degree Burglary (RCW 9A.52.020)

1st Degree Identity Theft (RCW 9.35.020(2))

2nd Degree Identity Theft (RCW 9.35.020(3))

1st Degree Extortion (RCW 9A.56.120)

2nd Degree Extortion (RCW 9A.56.130)

1st Degree Criminal Mistreatment (RCW 9A.42.020)

2nd Degree Criminal Mistreatment (RCW 9A.42.030)

1st Degree Theft from a Vulnerable Adult (RCW 9A.56.400(1))

2nd Degree Theft from a Vulnerable Adult (RCW 9A.56.400(2))

Indecent Liberties (RCW 9A.44.100)

Incest (RCW 9A.64.020)

Vehicular Homicide (RCW 46.61.520)

Vehicular Assault (RCW 46.61.522)

1st Degree Child Molestation (RCW 9A.44.083)

2nd Degree Child Molestation (RCW 9A.44.086)

3rd Degree Child Molestation (RCW 9A.44.089)

1st Degree Promoting Prostitution (RCW 9A.88.070)

Intimidating a Juror (RCW 9A.72.130)

Communication with a Minor (RCW 9.68A.090)

Intimidating a Witness (RCW 9A.72.110)

Intimidating a Public Servant (RCW 9A.76.180)

Bomb Threat (if against person) (RCW 9.61.160)

Unlawful Imprisonment (RCW 9A.40.040)

Promoting a Suicide Attempt (RCW 9A.36.060)

Criminal Mischief (if against person) (RCW 9A.84.010)

Stalking (RCW 9A.46.110)

Custodial Assault (RCW 9A.36.100)

Domestic Violence Court Order Violation (RCW 7.105.450, 10.99.040, 10.99.050, 26.09.300, ((26.10.220,)) 26.26B.050, or 26.52.070, or any of the former RCW 26.50.110 and 74.34.145)

Counterfeiting (if a violation of RCW 9.16.035(4))

Felony Driving a Motor Vehicle While Under the Influence of Intoxicating Liquor or Any Drug (RCW 46.61.502(6))

Felony Physical Control of a Motor Vehicle While Under the Influence of Intoxicating Liquor or Any Drug (RCW 46.61.504(6))

Felony Hazing (RCW 28B.10.901(2)(b))

CRIMES AGAINST PROPERTY/OTHER CRIMES

2nd Degree Arson (RCW 9A.48.030)

1st Degree Escape (RCW 9A.76.110)

2nd Degree Escape (RCW 9A.76.120)

2nd Degree Burglary (RCW 9A.52.030)

1st Degree Theft (RCW 9A.56.030)

2nd Degree Theft (RCW 9A.56.040)

1st Degree Perjury (RCW 9A.72.020)

2nd Degree Perjury (RCW 9A.72.030)

1st Degree Introducing Contraband (RCW 9A.76.140)

2nd Degree Introducing Contraband (RCW 9A.76.150)

1st Degree Possession of Stolen Property (RCW 9A.56.150)

2nd Degree Possession of Stolen Property (RCW 9A.56.160)

Bribery (RCW 9A.68.010)

Bribing a Witness (RCW 9A.72.090)

Bribe received by a Witness (RCW 9A.72.100)

Bomb Threat (if against property) (RCW 9.61.160)

1st Degree Malicious Mischief (RCW 9A.48.070)

2nd Degree Malicious Mischief (RCW 9A.48.080)

1st Degree Reckless Burning (RCW 9A.48.040)

Taking a Motor Vehicle without Authorization (RCW 9A.56.070 and 9A.56.075)

Forgery (RCW 9A.60.020)

2nd Degree Promoting Prostitution (RCW 9A.88.080)

Tampering with a Witness (RCW 9A.72.120)

Trading in Public Office (RCW 9A.68.040)

Trading in Special Influence (RCW 9A.68.050)

Receiving/Granting Unlawful Compensation (RCW 9A.68.030)

Bigamy (RCW 9A.64.010)

Eluding a Pursuing Police Vehicle (RCW 46.61.024)

Willful Failure to Return from Furlough

Escape from Community Custody

Criminal Mischief (if against property) (RCW 9A.84.010)

1st Degree Theft of Livestock (RCW 9A.56.080)

2nd Degree Theft of Livestock (RCW 9A.56.083)

ALL OTHER UNCLASSIFIED FELONIES

Selection of Charges/Degree of Charge

(i) The prosecutor should file charges which adequately describe the nature of defendant's conduct. Other offenses may be charged only if they are necessary to ensure that the charges:

(A) Will significantly enhance the strength of the state's case at trial; or

(B) Will result in restitution to all victims.

(ii) The prosecutor should not overcharge to obtain a guilty plea. Overcharging includes:

(A) Charging a higher degree;

(B) Charging additional counts.

This standard is intended to direct prosecutors to charge those crimes which demonstrate the nature and seriousness of a defendant's criminal conduct, but to decline to charge crimes which are not necessary to such an indication. Crimes which do not merge as a matter of law, but which arise from the same course of conduct, do not all have to be charged.

(b) GUIDELINES/COMMENTARY:

(i) Police Investigation

A prosecuting attorney is dependent upon law enforcement agencies to conduct the necessary factual investigation which must precede the decision to prosecute. The prosecuting attorney shall ensure that a thorough factual investigation has been conducted before a decision to prosecute is made. In ordinary circumstances the investigation should include the following:

(A) The interviewing of all material witnesses, together with the obtaining of written statements whenever possible;

(B) The completion of necessary laboratory tests; and

If the initial investigation is incomplete, a prosecuting attorney should insist upon further investigation before a decision to prosecute is made, and specify what the investigation needs to include.

In certain situations, a prosecuting attorney may authorize filing of a criminal complaint before the investigation is complete if:

(A) Probable cause exists to believe the suspect is guilty; and

(B) The suspect presents a danger to the community or is likely to flee if not apprehended; or

In the event that the exception to the standard is applied, the prosecuting attorney shall obtain a commitment from the law enforcement agency involved to complete the investigation in a timely manner. If the subsequent investigation does not produce sufficient evidence to meet the normal charging standard, the complaint should be dismissed.

(iii) Investigation Techniques

The prosecutor should be fully advised of the investigatory techniques that were used in the case investigation including:

(A) Polygraph testing;

(D) Use of informants.

(iv) Prefiling Discussions with Defendant

Discussions with the defendant or his/her representative regarding the selection or disposition of charges may occur prior to the filing of charges, and potential agreements can be reached.

(v) Prefiling Discussions with Victim(s)

Discussions with the victim(s) or victims' representatives regarding the selection or disposition of charges may occur before the filing of charges. The discussions may be considered by the prosecutor in charging and disposition decisions, and should be considered before reaching any agreement with the defendant regarding these decisions.

Sec. 3. RCW 9.94A.515 and 2022 c 231 s 13 are each amended to read as follows:

	TABLE 2
	CRIMES INCLUDED WITHIN EACH SERIOUSNESS LEVEL
XVI	Aggravated Murder 1 (RCW 10.95.020)
XV	Homicide by abuse (RCW 9A.32.055)
	Malicious explosion 1 (RCW 70.74.280(1))
	Murder 1 (RCW 9A.32.030)
XIV	Murder 2 (RCW 9A.32.050)
	Trafficking 1 (RCW 9A.40.100(1))
XIII	Malicious explosion 2 (RCW 70.74.280(2))
	Malicious placement of an explosive 1 (RCW 70.74.270(1))
XII	Assault 1 (RCW 9A.36.011)
	Assault of a Child 1 (RCW 9A.36.120)
	Malicious placement of an imitation device 1 (RCW 70.74.272(1)(a))
	Promoting Commercial Sexual Abuse of a Minor (RCW 9.68A.101)
	Rape 1 (RCW 9A.44.040)
	Rape of a Child 1 (RCW 9A.44.073)
	Trafficking 2 (RCW 9A.40.100(3))
XI	Manslaughter 1 (RCW 9A.32.060)
	Rape 2 (RCW 9A.44.050)
	Rape of a Child 2 (RCW 9A.44.076)
	Vehicular Homicide, by being under the influence of intoxicating liquor or any drug (RCW 46.61.520)
	Vehicular Homicide, by the operation of any vehicle in a reckless manner (RCW 46.61.520)
X	Child Molestation 1 (RCW 9A.44.083)
	Criminal Mistreatment 1 (RCW 9A.42.020)
	Indecent Liberties (with forcible compulsion) (RCW 9A.44.100(1)(a))
	Kidnapping 1 (RCW 9A.40.020)
	Leading Organized Crime (RCW 9A.82.060(1)(a))
	Malicious explosion 3 (RCW 70.74.280(3))
	Sexually Violent Predator Escape (RCW 9A.76.115)
IX	Abandonment of Dependent Person 1 (RCW 9A.42.060)
	Assault of a Child 2 (RCW 9A.36.130)
	Explosive devices prohibited (RCW 70.74.180)
	Hit and Run—Death (RCW 46.52.020(4)(a))
	Homicide by Watercraft, by being under the influence of intoxicating liquor or any drug (RCW 79A.60.050)
	Inciting Criminal Profiteering (RCW 9A.82.060(1)(b))
	Malicious placement of an explosive 2 (RCW 70.74.270(2))
	Robbery 1 (RCW 9A.56.200)
	Sexual Exploitation (RCW 9.68A.040)
VIII	Arson 1 (RCW 9A.48.020)
	Commercial Sexual Abuse of a Minor (RCW 9.68A.100)
	Homicide by Watercraft, by the operation of any vessel in a reckless manner (RCW 79A.60.050)
	Manslaughter 2 (RCW 9A.32.070)
	Promoting Prostitution 1 (RCW 9A.88.070)
	Theft of Ammonia (RCW 69.55.010)
VII	Air bag diagnostic systems (causing bodily injury or death) (RCW 46.37.660(2)(b))
	Air bag replacement requirements (causing bodily injury or death) (RCW 46.37.660(1)(b))
	Burglary 1 (RCW 9A.52.020)
	Child Molestation 2 (RCW 9A.44.086)
	Civil Disorder Training (RCW 9A.48.120)
	Dealing in depictions of minor engaged in sexually explicit conduct 1 (RCW 9.68A.050(1))
	Drive-by Shooting (RCW 9A.36.045)
	False Reporting 1 (RCW 9A.84.040(2)(a))
	Homicide by Watercraft, by disregard for the safety of others (RCW 79A.60.050)
	Indecent Liberties (without forcible compulsion) (RCW 9A.44.100(1) (b) and (c))
	Introducing Contraband 1 (RCW 9A.76.140)
	Malicious placement of an explosive 3 (RCW 70.74.270(3))
	Manufacture or import counterfeit, nonfunctional, damaged, or previously deployed air bag (causing bodily injury or death) (RCW 46.37.650(1)(b))
	Negligently Causing Death By Use of a Signal Preemption Device (RCW 46.37.675)
	Sell, install, or reinstall counterfeit, nonfunctional, damaged, or previously deployed airbag (RCW 46.37.650(2)(b))
	Sending, bringing into state depictions of minor engaged in sexually explicit conduct 1 (RCW 9.68A.060(1))
	Unlawful Possession of a Firearm in the first degree (RCW 9.41.040(1))
	Use of a Machine Gun or Bump-fire Stock in Commission of a Felony (RCW 9.41.225)
	Vehicular Homicide, by disregard for the safety of others (RCW 46.61.520)
VI	Bail Jumping with Murder 1 (RCW 9A.76.170(3)(a))
	Bribery (RCW 9A.68.010)
	Incest 1 (RCW 9A.64.020(1))
	Intimidating a Judge (RCW 9A.72.160)
	Intimidating a Juror/Witness (RCW 9A.72.110, 9A.72.130)
	Malicious placement of an imitation device 2 (RCW 70.74.272(1)(b))
	Possession of Depictions of a Minor Engaged in Sexually Explicit Conduct 1 (RCW 9.68A.070(1))
	Rape of a Child 3 (RCW 9A.44.079)
	Theft of a Firearm (RCW 9A.56.300)
	Theft from a Vulnerable Adult 1 (RCW 9A.56.400(1))
	Unlawful Storage of Ammonia (RCW 69.55.020)
V	Abandonment of Dependent Person 2 (RCW 9A.42.070)
	Advancing money or property for extortionate extension of credit (RCW 9A.82.030)
	Air bag diagnostic systems (RCW 46.37.660(2)(c))
	Air bag replacement requirements (RCW 46.37.660(1)(c))
	Bail Jumping with class A Felony (RCW 9A.76.170(3)(b))
	Child Molestation 3 (RCW 9A.44.089)
	Criminal Mistreatment 2 (RCW 9A.42.030)
	Custodial Sexual Misconduct 1 (RCW 9A.44.160)
	Dealing in Depictions of Minor Engaged in Sexually Explicit Conduct 2 (RCW 9.68A.050(2))
	Domestic Violence Court Order Violation (RCW 7.105.450, 10.99.040, 10.99.050, 26.09.300, ((26.10.220,)) 26.26B.050, ((26.50.110,))or 26.52.070((, or 74.34.145)))
	Extortion 1 (RCW 9A.56.120)
	Extortionate Extension of Credit (RCW 9A.82.020)
	Extortionate Means to Collect Extensions of Credit (RCW 9A.82.040)
	Incest 2 (RCW 9A.64.020(2))
	Kidnapping 2 (RCW 9A.40.030)
	Manufacture or import counterfeit, nonfunctional, damaged, or previously deployed air bag (RCW 46.37.650(1)(c))
	Perjury 1 (RCW 9A.72.020)
	Persistent prison misbehavior (RCW 9.94.070)
	Possession of a Stolen Firearm (RCW 9A.56.310)
	Rape 3 (RCW 9A.44.060)
	Rendering Criminal Assistance 1 (RCW 9A.76.070)
	Sell, install, or reinstall counterfeit, nonfunctional, damaged, or previously deployed airbag (RCW 46.37.650(2)(c))
	Sending, Bringing into State Depictions of Minor Engaged in Sexually Explicit Conduct 2 (RCW 9.68A.060(2))
	Sexual Misconduct with a Minor 1 (RCW 9A.44.093)
	Sexually Violating Human Remains (RCW 9A.44.105)
	Stalking (RCW 9A.46.110)
	Taking Motor Vehicle Without Permission 1 (RCW 9A.56.070)
IV	Arson 2 (RCW 9A.48.030)
	Assault 2 (RCW 9A.36.021)
	Assault 3 (of a Peace Officer with a Projectile Stun Gun) (RCW 9A.36.031(1)(h))
	Assault 4 (third domestic violence offense) (RCW 9A.36.041(3))
	Assault by Watercraft (RCW 79A.60.060)
	Bribing a Witness/Bribe Received by Witness (RCW 9A.72.090, 9A.72.100)
	Cheating 1 (RCW 9.46.1961)
	Commercial Bribery (RCW 9A.68.060)
	Counterfeiting (RCW 9.16.035(4))
	Driving While Under the Influence (RCW 46.61.502(6))
	Endangerment with a Controlled Substance (RCW 9A.42.100)
	Escape 1 (RCW 9A.76.110)
	Hate Crime (RCW 9A.36.080)
	Hit and Run—Injury (RCW 46.52.020(4)(b))
	Hit and Run with Vessel—Injury Accident (RCW 79A.60.200(3))
	Identity Theft 1 (RCW 9.35.020(2))
	Indecent Exposure to Person Under Age 14 (subsequent sex offense) (RCW 9A.88.010)
	Influencing Outcome of Sporting Event (RCW 9A.82.070)
	Physical Control of a Vehicle While Under the Influence (RCW 46.61.504(6))
	Possession of Depictions of a Minor Engaged in Sexually Explicit Conduct 2 (RCW 9.68A.070(2))
	Residential Burglary (RCW 9A.52.025)
	Robbery 2 (RCW 9A.56.210)
	Theft of Livestock 1 (RCW 9A.56.080)
	Threats to Bomb (RCW 9.61.160)
	Trafficking in Stolen Property 1 (RCW 9A.82.050)
	Unlawful factoring of a credit card or payment card transaction (RCW 9A.56.290(4)(b))
	Unlawful transaction of health coverage as a health care service contractor (RCW 48.44.016(3))
	Unlawful transaction of health coverage as a health maintenance organization (RCW 48.46.033(3))
	Unlawful transaction of insurance business (RCW 48.15.023(3))
	Unlicensed practice as an insurance professional (RCW 48.17.063(2))
	Use of Proceeds of Criminal Profiteering (RCW 9A.82.080 (1) and (2))
	Vehicle Prowling 2 (third or subsequent offense) (RCW 9A.52.100(3))
	Vehicular Assault, by being under the influence of intoxicating liquor or any drug, or by the operation or driving of a vehicle in a reckless manner (RCW 46.61.522)
	Viewing of Depictions of a Minor Engaged in Sexually Explicit Conduct 1 (RCW 9.68A.075(1))
	((Willful Failure to Return from Furlough (RCW 72.66.060)))
III	Animal Cruelty 1 (Sexual Conduct or Contact) (RCW 16.52.205(3))
	Assault 3 (Except Assault 3 of a Peace Officer With a Projectile Stun Gun) (RCW 9A.36.031 except subsection (1)(h))
	Assault of a Child 3 (RCW 9A.36.140)
	Bail Jumping with class B or C Felony (RCW 9A.76.170(3)(c))
	Burglary 2 (RCW 9A.52.030)
	Communication with a Minor for Immoral Purposes (RCW 9.68A.090)
	Criminal Gang Intimidation (RCW 9A.46.120)
	Custodial Assault (RCW 9A.36.100)
	Cyber Harassment (RCW 9A.90.120(2)(b))
	Escape 2 (RCW 9A.76.120)
	Extortion 2 (RCW 9A.56.130)
	False Reporting 2 (RCW 9A.84.040(2)(b))
	Harassment (RCW 9A.46.020)
	Hazing (RCW 28B.10.901(2)(b))
	Intimidating a Public Servant (RCW 9A.76.180)
	Introducing Contraband 2 (RCW 9A.76.150)
	Malicious Injury to Railroad Property (RCW 81.60.070)
	Manufacture of Untraceable Firearm with Intent to Sell (RCW 9.41.190)
	Manufacture or Assembly of an Undetectable Firearm or Untraceable Firearm (RCW 9.41.325)
	Mortgage Fraud (RCW 19.144.080)
	Negligently Causing Substantial Bodily Harm By Use of a Signal Preemption Device (RCW 46.37.674)
	Organized Retail Theft 1 (RCW 9A.56.350(2))
	Perjury 2 (RCW 9A.72.030)
	Possession of Incendiary Device (RCW 9.40.120)
	Possession of Machine Gun, Bump-Fire Stock, Undetectable Firearm, or Short-Barreled Shotgun or Rifle (RCW 9.41.190)
	Promoting Prostitution 2 (RCW 9A.88.080)
	Retail Theft with Special Circumstances 1 (RCW 9A.56.360(2))
	Securities Act violation (RCW 21.20.400)
	Tampering with a Witness (RCW 9A.72.120)
	Telephone Harassment (subsequent conviction or threat of death) (RCW 9.61.230(2))
	Theft of Livestock 2 (RCW 9A.56.083)
	Theft with the Intent to Resell 1 (RCW 9A.56.340(2))
	Trafficking in Stolen Property 2 (RCW 9A.82.055)
	Unlawful Hunting of Big Game 1 (RCW 77.15.410(3)(b))
	Unlawful Imprisonment (RCW 9A.40.040)
	Unlawful Misbranding of Fish or Shellfish 1 (RCW 77.140.060(3))
	Unlawful possession of firearm in the second degree (RCW 9.41.040(2))
	Unlawful Taking of Endangered Fish or Wildlife 1 (RCW 77.15.120(3)(b))
	Unlawful Trafficking in Fish, Shellfish, or Wildlife 1 (RCW 77.15.260(3)(b))
	Unlawful Use of a Nondesignated Vessel (RCW 77.15.530(4))
	Vehicular Assault, by the operation or driving of a vehicle with disregard for the safety of others (RCW 46.61.522)
	((Willful Failure to Return from Work Release (RCW 72.65.070)))
II	Commercial Fishing Without a License 1 (RCW 77.15.500(3)(b))
	Computer Trespass 1 (RCW 9A.90.040)
	Counterfeiting (RCW 9.16.035(3))
	Electronic Data Service Interference (RCW 9A.90.060)
	Electronic Data Tampering 1 (RCW 9A.90.080)
	Electronic Data Theft (RCW 9A.90.100)
	Engaging in Fish Dealing Activity Unlicensed 1 (RCW 77.15.620(3))
	Escape from Community Custody (RCW 72.09.310)
	Failure to Register as a Sex Offender (second or subsequent offense) (RCW 9A.44.130 prior to June 10, 2010, and RCW 9A.44.132)
	Health Care False Claims (RCW 48.80.030)
	Identity Theft 2 (RCW 9.35.020(3))
	Improperly Obtaining Financial Information (RCW 9.35.010)
	Malicious Mischief 1 (RCW 9A.48.070)
	Organized Retail Theft 2 (RCW 9A.56.350(3))
	Possession of Stolen Property 1 (RCW 9A.56.150)
	Possession of a Stolen Vehicle (RCW 9A.56.068)
	Retail Theft with Special Circumstances 2 (RCW 9A.56.360(3))
	Scrap Processing, Recycling, or Supplying Without a License (second or subsequent offense) (RCW 19.290.100)
	Theft 1 (RCW 9A.56.030)
	Theft of a Motor Vehicle (RCW 9A.56.065)
	Theft of Rental, Leased, Lease-purchased, or Loaned Property (valued at $5,000 or more) (RCW 9A.56.096(5)(a))
	Theft with the Intent to Resell 2 (RCW 9A.56.340(3))
	Trafficking in Insurance Claims (RCW 48.30A.015)
	Unlawful factoring of a credit card or payment card transaction (RCW 9A.56.290(4)(a))
	Unlawful Participation of Non-Indians in Indian Fishery (RCW 77.15.570(2))
	Unlawful Practice of Law (RCW 2.48.180)
	Unlawful Purchase or Use of a License (RCW 77.15.650(3)(b))
	Unlawful Trafficking in Fish, Shellfish, or Wildlife 2 (RCW 77.15.260(3)(a))
	Unlicensed Practice of a Profession or Business (RCW 18.130.190(7))
	Voyeurism 1 (RCW 9A.44.115)
I	Attempting to Elude a Pursuing Police Vehicle (RCW 46.61.024)
	False Verification for Welfare (RCW 74.08.055)
	Forgery (RCW 9A.60.020)
	Fraudulent Creation or Revocation of a Mental Health Advance Directive (RCW 9A.60.060)
	Malicious Mischief 2 (RCW 9A.48.080)
	Mineral Trespass (RCW 78.44.330)
	Possession of Stolen Property 2 (RCW 9A.56.160)
	Reckless Burning 1 (RCW 9A.48.040)
	Spotlighting Big Game 1 (RCW 77.15.450(3)(b))
	Suspension of Department Privileges 1 (RCW 77.15.670(3)(b))
	Taking Motor Vehicle Without Permission 2 (RCW 9A.56.075)
	Theft 2 (RCW 9A.56.040)
	Theft from a Vulnerable Adult 2 (RCW 9A.56.400(2))
	Theft of Rental, Leased, Lease-purchased, or Loaned Property (valued at $750 or more but less than $5,000) (RCW 9A.56.096(5)(b))
	Transaction of insurance business beyond the scope of licensure (RCW 48.17.063)
	Unlawful Fish and Shellfish Catch Accounting (RCW 77.15.630(3)(b))
	Unlawful Issuance of Checks or Drafts (RCW 9A.56.060)
	Unlawful Possession of Fictitious Identification (RCW 9A.56.320)
	Unlawful Possession of Instruments of Financial Fraud (RCW 9A.56.320)
	Unlawful Possession of Payment Instruments (RCW 9A.56.320)
	Unlawful Possession of a Personal Identification Device (RCW 9A.56.320)
	Unlawful Production of Payment Instruments (RCW 9A.56.320)
	Unlawful Releasing, Planting, Possessing, or Placing Deleterious Exotic Wildlife (RCW 77.15.250(2)(b))
	Unlawful Trafficking in Food Stamps (RCW 9.91.142)
	Unlawful Use of Food Stamps (RCW 9.91.144)
	Unlawful Use of Net to Take Fish 1 (RCW 77.15.580(3)(b))
	((Unlawful Use of Prohibited Aquatic Animal Species (RCW 77.15.253(3))))
	Vehicle Prowl 1 (RCW 9A.52.095)
	Violating Commercial Fishing Area or Time 1 (RCW 77.15.550(3)(b))

Sec. 4. RCW 9A.46.060 and 2022 c 231 s 15 are each amended to read as follows:

As used in this chapter, "harassment" may include but is not limited to any of the following crimes:

(1) Harassment (RCW 9A.46.020);

(2) Hate crime (RCW 9A.36.080);

(3) Telephone harassment (RCW 9.61.230);

(4) Assault in the first degree (RCW 9A.36.011);

(5) Assault of a child in the first degree (RCW 9A.36.120);

(6) Assault in the second degree (RCW 9A.36.021);

(7) Assault of a child in the second degree (RCW 9A.36.130);

(8) Assault in the fourth degree (RCW 9A.36.041);

(9) Reckless endangerment (RCW 9A.36.050);

(10) Extortion in the first degree (RCW 9A.56.120);

(11) Extortion in the second degree (RCW 9A.56.130);

(12) Coercion (RCW 9A.36.070);

(13) Burglary in the first degree (RCW 9A.52.020);

(14) Burglary in the second degree (RCW 9A.52.030);

(15) Criminal trespass in the first degree (RCW 9A.52.070);

(16) Criminal trespass in the second degree (RCW 9A.52.080);

(17) Malicious mischief in the first degree (RCW 9A.48.070);

(18) Malicious mischief in the second degree (RCW 9A.48.080);

(19) Malicious mischief in the third degree (RCW 9A.48.090);

(20) Kidnapping in the first degree (RCW 9A.40.020);

(21) Kidnapping in the second degree (RCW 9A.40.030);

(22) Unlawful imprisonment (RCW 9A.40.040);

(23) Rape in the first degree (RCW 9A.44.040);

(24) Rape in the second degree (RCW 9A.44.050);

(25) Rape in the third degree (RCW 9A.44.060);

(26) Indecent liberties (RCW 9A.44.100);

(27) Rape of a child in the first degree (RCW 9A.44.073);

(28) Rape of a child in the second degree (RCW 9A.44.076);

(29) Rape of a child in the third degree (RCW 9A.44.079);