PROPOSED RULES
Original Notice.
Preproposal statement of inquiry was filed as WSR 12-03-105.
Title of Rule and Other Identifying Information: Adoption and amendment of the 2012 International Residential Code (IRC), chapter 51-51 WAC.
Hearing Location(s): Center Place Event Center, 2426 North Discovery Place, Spokane Valley, WA 99216, on September 14, 2012, at 10 a.m.; and at the DES Presentation Room, 1500 Jefferson S.E., Olympia, WA 98504, on September 21, 2012, at 10 a.m.
Date of Intended Adoption: November 9, 2012.
Submit Written Comments to: Ray Allshouse, Chair, State Building Code Council (SBCC), P.O. Box 41449, Olympia, WA 98504-1449, e-mail sbcc@ga.wa.gov, fax (360) 586-9088, by September 21, 2012.
Assistance for Persons with Disabilities: Contact Peggy Bryden by September 7, 2012, (360) 407-9280.
Purpose of the Proposal and Its Anticipated Effects, Including Any Changes in Existing Rules: The proposed rules adopt the most recently published edition of the IRC and make changes to the state amendments to this code.
Summary of Change in Existing Rules:
1. Section R102 strikes reference to the state ventilation and indoor air quality code. Ventilation and indoor air quality are now covered under the residential and mechanical codes.
2. Section R202 Definitions contains amendments to the definitions in the code to be consistent with state licensing rules and changes in the 2012 IRC. Significant proposed amendments to definitions: "Attic, habitable" clarifies application of state amendment; "dwelling unit" includes accessory dwelling units; "mezzanine" is a new definition; "source specific ventilation" is deleted as the 2012 IRC uses the term "local exhaust."
3. Section R301 Design criteria is a new state amendment containing criteria for mezzanines.
4. State amendments to Section R302 Fire-resistant construction are modified to address changes in the 2012 IRC.
5. Section R303 Light ventilation and heating is modified to include state specific ventilation requirements; to retain state rules for stairway illumination; and to modify emission standards for solid fuel burning devices to be consistent with department of ecology rules.
6. Section R314 Smoke alarms is modified to be consistent with the 2012 IRC.
7. Section R315 Carbon monoxide alarms is modified to be consistent with state law and technical advisory group recommendations.
8. Section R325 Adult family homes is modified to customize grab bar requirements and other provisions consistent with the licensing rules.
9. Section R328 is a new section added to cover mezzanines.
10. Sections R403 Footings and R404 Foundations and retaining walls state amendments are deleted or modified to be consistent with the 2012 IRC.
11. Section R408 Under floor ventilation has a proposed amendment to modify method of spacing vent openings.
12. Section R501 Floors-general is a clarification to a new requirement for fire protection of floors.
13. Section R507 Decks provides an alternate method for deck connection.
14. Section R602 Wood wall framing state amendments are deleted or modified to be consistent with the 2012 IRC.
15. Section R612 Exterior windows and doors maintains an exemption for small business.
16. Section R703 Exterior wall covering amends the 2012 IRC related to flashing.
17. Section R806 Roof ventilation state amendment is deleted. 2012 IRC maintains intent.
18. Section R903 Roof drainage state amendments are modified to be consistent with the 2012 IRC.
19. Sections R1001 Masonry fireplaces; R1002 Masonry heaters; R1004 Factory built fireplaces are modified to be consistent with department of ecology rules.
20. Section M1201 Mechanical administration scope adopts new editions of NFPA standards for liquefied petroleum gas (LPG).
21. Section M1301 General mechanical system requirements amends new 2012 IRC requirement for identification of pipe.
22. Section M1507 Mechanical ventilation incorporates state ventilation requirements to be consistent with the 2012 IRC. Replaces M1508 in current code.
23. Section 1601 Duct construction state amendments are modified to be consistent with the 2012 IRC.
24. Section 1701 Combustion air reference to Chapter 10 is corrected.
25. Chapter 20 Boilers and water heaters state amendment is deleted.
26. Appendix R is modified to contain direct reference to 2012 IRC P2904 Dwelling Unit Fire Sprinkler Systems.
The remaining changes are in response to editorial changes or reorganizational moves in the 2012 IRC.
Reasons Supporting Proposal: RCW 19.27.031 and 19.27.074.
Statutory Authority for Adoption: RCW 19.27.031 and 19.27.074.
Statute Being Implemented: Chapters 19.27 and 34.05 RCW.
Rule is not necessitated by federal law, federal or state court decision.
Agency Comments or Recommendations, if any, as to Statutory Language, Implementation, Enforcement, and Fiscal Matters: The council is seeking comments on the issues proposed in the rules shown below.
Name of Proponent: SBCC, governmental.
Name of Agency Personnel Responsible for Drafting and Implementation: Tim Nogler, 1500 Jefferson S.E., P.O. Box 41449, Olympia, WA, (360) 407-9277; and Enforcement: Local jurisdictions.
A small business economic impact statement has been prepared under chapter 19.85 RCW.
The 2012 IRC contains about seventy-three significant changes from the 2009 IRC. Washington state does not adopt the energy, plumbing or electrical provisions of the IRC. According to the Proposed changes to the 2009 Edition of the IRC, published by the International Code Council (ICC), less than five percent of the significant amendments result in an increase in cost of construction. The primary effect of the amendments is improvement of the code. The objective of the amendments is to create a consistent regulatory system.
The update will result in some cost outlay for small businesses in construction industries for specific building projects, for a transition period.
Other small businesses would see an increase in revenue.
The overall impact would be positive, because a majority of the amendments in the new edition either reduce requirements or provide more clarity, reducing review and approval times. The degree of impact diminishes during the code cycle as rules become familiar and construction practices adjust and are accepted.
The SBCC appointed a technical advisory group (TAG) to review the 2012 IRC significant changes, the applicability of the existing statewide amendments, and ten new proposed state amendments. The TAG included all sectors of the construction industry and regulatory community, including small businesses. All TAG meetings are open to the public and small businesses are notified and participate in the review.
The rules are anticipated to be job neutral, although there would be some temporary work for installation jobs for certain trades people.
Where the SBCC found the cost of compliance for small businesses to be disproportionate, the proposed rule mitigates the cost. The proposed rule includes a definition of small business and provides exceptions for compliance with the updated regulation.
Section I: Introduction/Compliance with the Rules: The proposed rule adopts the 2012 edition of the IRC. The 2009 IRC with state amendments is currently in effect. (Chapter 51-51 WAC.)
State amendments to the code address specific issues, for example:
| • | Washington state facility licensing requirements. |
| • | Definition of dwelling units to include small businesses. |
| • | Local adoption for residential fire sprinklers. |
| • | Application of exterior cladding. |
The amendments add flexibility and clarity to the code and coordinate rules, and represent a savings for small business building owners and operators.
The 2012 edition contains about seventy-five significant revisions from the current 2009 edition of the IRC. The revisions address primarily editorial changes to clarify the code and reduce the reporting, record-keeping and other compliance requirements. The IRC currently in effect requires issuance of a building permit for construction projects, review and approval of plans, and field inspections. The new edition of the Building Code primarily improves the building regulatory process by resolving inconsistencies and problems with previous editions. Where testing and installation has demonstrated code requirements add no benefit, the requirements are reduced or deleted.
The 2012 IRC does contain significant modifications, requiring additional expenditure by building owners to maintain compliance. The SBCC amended these provisions to address cost concerns.
Section II: Compliance Costs for Washington Businesses: Washington businesses will incur costs to purchase new code books and for training.
The 2012 edition of the IRC costs $88 on CD and $98.75 for a loose leaf binder. The codes are also available to view on-line at no cost. There is also an on-line subscription service available, at a per user cost.
The costs for compliance with the 2012 IBC are specific to the project and the plan.
1. Section R302 - Fire Resistant Construction
The proposed rule requires fire protection for single-family homes at a five foot separation from lot lines. An amendment allows unprotected projections into the fire separation distance where eaves are provided with fire blocking. This amendment has support of the fire service and the small business members of the TAG.
2. R303.4 - Minimum Ventilation Performance
Whole house ventilation for the 2012 rule provides an amended method for sizing intermittent systems.
3. Section R326 - Adult Family Homes
The proposed rule amends provisions related to adult family homes, long-term care licensed by the state department of social and health services.
4. R501.3 - Fire Protection of Floors
A new provision in the 2012 IRC requires fire protection of floors. An option for using dimensional lumber for this requirement is clarified to allow compliance and reduce cost impact while maintaining the intent of the code.
5. Alternate Ledger Connections 2012 IRC 507.2.2 and 507.2.3
An alternate method of deck ledger connection is provided to allow a prescriptive method, saving cost while maintaining the structural integrity of the code.
6. Section R612 - Exterior Windows and Glass Doors
Small business manufacturers are exempt from testing requirements while meeting the structural provisions required by the code.
7. R703.8 - Flashing
The proposed rule amends the 2012 IRC related to flashing to maintain the current method of compliance without incurring potential liability and cost for the small business homebuilder.
Section III: Analysis of Proportionate Impact on Small Businesses:
The Impact on Small Businesses Compared to the Largest Businesses in the State Will Not Be Disproportionate: The cost of compliance is proportional, in relation to hours of labor, or costs per employee. The incremental cost of meeting the 2012 IRC, will have a proportionate impact on building and construction businesses. Building projects tend to be unique to type of construction, building type, building site, as well as size of the project. Costs for design and construction will be distributed among the general contractors and subcontractors. Further, construction industry businesses fit primarily into the category of small business. Where an industry has a significant number of large businesses, the costs of compliance for large businesses are proportional to the number of employees in any size business.
Section IV: Small Business Involvement and Impact Reduction Efforts:
Actions Taken to Reduce the Impact of the Rule on Small Businesses: The TAG identified specific amendments with a cost impact and modified the code to reduce the impact while maintaining the intent of the code. Where the SBCC found the cost of compliance for small businesses to be disproportionate, the proposed rule mitigates the cost. The proposed rule includes a definition of small business and provides exceptions for compliance with the updated regulation.
Involvement of Small Business in the Development of the Proposed Rules: The SBCC appointed a TAG to represent construction industry businesses and organizations. In accordance with SBCC bylaws, all TAG meetings are open to the public and small businesses are notified and participate in the review.
For a directory of TAG members see https://fortress.wa.gov/ga/apps/sbcc/Page.aspx?nid=118.
Section V: Number of Affected Businesses in Washington:
| • | Residential Code (chapter 51-51 WAC) |
| Type of Business | NAICS CODE # | # IN STATE (UP TO 49 Employees) | # IN STATE (50 OR MORE Employees) |
| Homebuilders | 236115 | 3985 | 12 |
| Multifamily Housing Construction | 236116 | 77 | 0 |
| Residential Remodelers | 236118 | 3468 | 1 |
| Poured Concrete Foundation and Structure Contractor | 238110 | 1028 | 3 |
| Roofing Contractors | 238160 | 973 | 7 |
| Wood Window and Door Manufacturing | 321911 | 39 | 2 |
| Architects | 541310 | 602 | 16 |
| Engineers | 541330 | 1665 | 96 |
The construction industry continues to experience slow growth. Employment in all sectors impacts activity in the construction sector. According to Washington Occupational Employment Projections, posted by the department of employment security, the total number of construction trade workers statewide was 124,612 in the second quarter of 2011. There is an estimated increase of 0.6 percent by the second quarter of 2013, for a total number of construction trade workers of 126,093. Specialty trades show a similar pattern of slow growth by the second quarter of 2013:
| • | Carpenters | 33,821 | +0.4% |
| • | Construction laborers | 16,592 | +0.5% |
| • | Plumbers, pipefitters | 8,885 | +0.3% |
The long-term projection shows a 2.3 percent growth in the construction industry from 2010 to 2015, adding 16,800 jobs for a total of 156,900 employed in the industry by 2015.
A copy of the statement may be obtained by contacting Peggy Bryden, P.O. Box 41449, Olympia, WA 98504-1449, phone (360) 407-9277, fax (360) 586-5366, e-mail peggy.bryden@des.wa.gov.
A cost-benefit analysis is not required under RCW 34.05.328. The SBCC is not one of the agencies identified as required to prepare an analysis.
July 31, 2012
C. Ray Allshouse
Council Chair
OTS-4916.3
STATE BUILDING CODE ADOPTION AND AMENDMENT OF THE ((2009))
2012 EDITION OF THE INTERNATIONAL RESIDENTIAL CODE
[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.031 and 19.27.074. 10-03-098, § 51-51-003, filed 1/20/10, effective 7/1/10. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.074, 19.27.020, and chapters 19.27 and 34.05 RCW. 07-01-090, § 51-51-003, filed 12/19/06, effective 7/1/07. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.031 and 19.27.074. 04-01-109, § 51-51-003, filed 12/17/03, effective 7/1/04.]
[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.031 and 19.27.074. 10-03-098, § 51-51-008, filed 1/20/10, effective 7/1/10. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.074, 19.27.020, and chapters 19.27 and 34.05 RCW. 07-01-090, § 51-51-008, filed 12/19/06, effective 7/1/07. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.031 and 19.27.074. 04-01-109, § 51-51-008, filed 12/17/03, effective 7/1/04.]
R102.5 Appendices. Provisions in the appendices shall not
apply unless specifically referenced in the adopting
ordinance. Except for Appendix S, Fire Sprinklers, an
appendix adopted by a local jurisdiction shall not be
effective unless approved by the state building code council
pursuant to RCW 19.27.060 (1)(a). The state building code
council has determined that a local ordinance requiring fire
sprinklers in accordance with Appendix S of this chapter may
be adopted by any local government upon notification of the
council.
Appendix G, Swimming Pools, Spas and Hot Tubs, and Appendix R, Dwelling Unit Fire Sprinkler Systems, are included in adoption of the International Residential Code.
R102.7.1 Additions, alterations or repairs. Additions,
alterations or repairs to any structure shall conform to the
requirements for a new structure without requiring the
existing structure to comply with all of the requirements of
this code, unless otherwise stated. Additions, alterations or
repairs shall not cause an existing structure to become unsafe
or adversely affect the performance of the building.
| EXCEPTIONS: | 1. Additions with less than 500 square feet of conditioned floor area are exempt from the requirements for Whole House Ventilation Systems, Section M1508. |
| 2. Additions or alterations to existing buildings which do not require the construction of foundations, crawlspaces, slabs or basements shall not be required to meet the requirements for radon protection in Section R327.1 and Appendix F. |
| EXCEPTION: | Group R-3 buildings or structures are not required to comply if: |
| 1. The original occupancy classification is not changed; and | |
| 2. The original building is not substantially remodeled or rehabilitated. For the purposes of this section a building shall be considered to be substantially remodeled when the costs of remodeling exceed 60 percent of the value of the building exclusive of the costs relating to preparation, construction, demolition or renovation of foundations. |
[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.031 and 19.27.074. 10-03-098, § 51-51-0102, filed 1/20/10, effective 7/1/10. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.074, 19.27.020, and chapters 19.27 and 34.05 RCW. 07-01-090, § 51-51-0102, filed 12/19/06, effective 7/1/07. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.031 and 19.27.074. 04-01-109, § 51-51-0102, filed 12/17/03, effective 7/1/04.]
ADULT FAMILY HOME means a dwelling in which a person or persons
provide personal care, special care, room and board to more
than one but not more than six adults who are not related by
blood or marriage to the person or persons providing the
services.
AIR-IMPERMEABLE INSULATION. An insulation having an air permeance
equal to or less than 0.02 L/s-m2 at 75 Pa pressure
differential tested in accordance with ASTM E2178 or ASTM
E283.
ATTIC, HABITABLE. A conditioned area((, not considered a
story,)) complying with all of the following requirements:
1. The occupiable floor area is at least 70 square feet (6.5 m2), in accordance with Section R304.
2. The occupiable floor area has a ceiling height in accordance with Section R305.
3. The occupiable space is entirely enclosed by the roof assembly above, knee walls (if applicable) on the sides, and the floor-ceiling assembly below.
A habitable attic is not considered a story.
CHILD DAY CARE, shall, for the purposes of these regulations,
mean the care of children during any period of a 24 hour day.
((CHILD DAY CARE HOME, FAMILY is a child day care facility,
licensed by the state, located in the dwelling of the person
or persons under whose direct care and supervision the child
is placed, for the care of twelve or fewer children, including
children who reside at the home.)) CHILD CARE, FAMILY HOME. A
facility licensed by the state where child care is provided
for twelve or fewer children in the family living quarters
where the licensee resides.
DWELLING UNIT. A single unit providing complete independent
living facilities for one or more persons, including permanent
provisions for living, sleeping, eating, cooking and
sanitation. Dwelling units may also include the following
uses:
1. Adult family homes, foster family care homes and family day care homes licensed by the Washington state department of social and health services.
2. Offices, mercantile, food preparation for off-site consumption, personal care salons or similar uses which are conducted primarily by the occupants of the dwelling unit and are secondary to the use of the unit for dwelling purposes, and which do not exceed 500 square feet (46.4 m2).
3. ((Owner-occupied dwellings with 5 or fewer guest
rooms.)) One accessory dwelling unit, which need not be
considered a separated dwelling unit, provided:
a. The accessory dwelling unit is constructed within an existing dwelling unit.
b. Either the accessory dwelling unit or primary dwelling unit is owner-occupied.
c. All required smoke alarms in the accessory dwelling unit and the primary dwelling unit are interconnected in such a manner that the actuation of one alarm will activate all alarms in both the primary dwelling unit and the accessory dwelling unit.
FIRE SEPARATION DISTANCE. The distance measured from the
foundation wall or face of the wall framing, whichever is
closer, to one of the following:
1. To the closest interior lot line; or
2. To the centerline of a street, an alley or public way; or
3. To an imaginary line between two buildings on the lot.
The distance shall be measured at a right angle from the wall.
MEZZANINE, LOFT. An intermediate level or levels between the
floor and ceiling of any story.
SMALL BUSINESS. Any business entity (including a sole
proprietorship, corporation, partnership or other legal
entity) which is owned and operated independently from all
other businesses, which has the purpose of making a profit,
and which has fifty or fewer employees((, or which has a
million dollars or less per year in gross sales, of window
products.
SOURCE SPECIFIC VENTILATION SYSTEM. A mechanical ventilation system
including all fans, controls, and ducting, which is dedicated
to exhausting contaminant-laden air to the exterior of the
building from the room or space in which the contaminant is
generated)).
WHOLE HOUSE VENTILATION SYSTEM. A mechanical ventilation system,
including fans, controls, and ducts, which replaces, by direct
or indirect means, air from the habitable rooms with outdoor
air.
[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.031 and 19.27.074. 10-03-098, § 51-51-0202, filed 1/20/10, effective 7/1/10. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.190, 19.27.020, and chapters 19.27 and 34.05 RCW. 09-04-023, § 51-51-0202, filed 1/27/09, effective 7/1/09; 08-01-102, § 51-51-0202, filed 12/18/07, effective 4/1/08. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.074, 19.27.020, and chapters 19.27 and 34.05 RCW. 07-01-090, § 51-51-0202, filed 12/19/06, effective 7/1/07. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.031 and 19.27.074. 04-01-109, § 51-51-0202, filed 12/17/03, effective 7/1/04.]
R301.2.2.3.1 Height limitations. Wood-framed buildings shall
be limited to three stories above grade plane or the limits
given in Table R602.10.3(3). Cold-formed, steel-framed
buildings shall be limited to less than or equal to three
stories above grade plane in accordance with AISI S230.
Mezzanines as defined in Section R202 that comply with Section
R328 shall not be considered as stories. Structural insulated
panel buildings shall be limited to two stories above grade
plane.
[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.031 and 19.27.074. 10-03-098, § 51-51-0301, filed 1/20/10, effective 7/1/10. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.190, 19.27.020, and chapters 19.27 and 34.05 RCW. 08-01-102, § 51-51-0301, filed 12/18/07, effective 4/1/08.]
R302.1 Exterior walls. Construction, projections, openings
and penetrations of exterior walls of dwellings and accessory
buildings shall comply with Table R302.1(1); or dwellings
equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system
installed in accordance with Section P2904 shall comply with
Table R302.1(2).
| EXCEPTIONS: | 1. Walls, projections, openings or penetrations in walls perpendicular to the line used to determine the fire separation distance. |
| 2. Walls of dwellings and accessory structures located on the same lot. | |
| 3. Detached tool sheds and storage sheds, playhouses and similar structures exempted from permits are not required to provide protection based on location on the lot. Projections beyond the exterior wall shall not extend over the lot line. | |
| 4. Detached garages accessory to a dwelling located within 2 feet (610 mm) of a lot line are permitted to have roof eave projections not exceeding 4 inches (102 mm). | |
| 5. Foundation vents installed in compliance with this code are permitted. |
EXTERIOR WALLS
| Exterior Wall Element | Minimum Fire-Resistance Rating | Minimum Fire Separation Distance | |
| Walls | (Fire-resistance rated) | 1-hour tested in accordance with ASTM E 119 or UL 263 with exposure from both sides | < 5 feet |
| (Not fire-resistance rated) | 0 hours | > 5 feet | |
| Projections | (Fire-resistance rated) | 1 hour on the undersideab | > 2 feet to 5 feet |
| (Not fire-resistance rated) | 0 hours | 5 feet | |
| Openings in walls | Not allowed | N/A | < 3 feet |
| 25% maximum of wall area per story | 0 hours | 3 feet | |
| Unlimited | 0 hours | 5 feet | |
| Penetrations | All | Comply with Section R302.4 | < 5 feet |
| None required | 5 feet | ||
| For IS: 1 foot = 304.8 mm. N/A = Not Applicable | |
| a. Roof eave fire-resistance rating shall be permitted to be reduced to 0 hours on the underside of the eave if fire blocking is provided from the wall top plate to the underside of the roof sheathing. | |
| b. Roof eave fire-resistance rating shall be permitted to be reduced to 0 hours on the underside of the eave provided no gable vent openings are installed. |
((R302.2 Townhouses. Each townhouse shall be considered a
separate building and shall be separated by
fire-resistance-rated wall assemblies meeting the requirements
of Section R302.1 for exterior walls.
Exterior Walls -- Dwellings with Fire Sprinklers
| Exterior Wall Element | Minimum Fire-Resistance Rating | Minimum Fire Separation Distance | |
| Walls | (Fire-resistance rated) | 1-hour tested in accordance with ASTM E 119 or UL 263 with exposure from both sides | 0 feet |
| (Not fire-resistance rated) | 0 hours | 3 feeta | |
| Projections | (Fire-resistance rated) | 1 hour on the undersideb, c | 2 feeta |
| (Not fire-resistance rated) | 0 hours | 3 feet | |
| Openings in walls | Not allowed | N/A | < 3 feet |
| Unlimited | 0 hours | 3 feeta | |
| Penetrations | All | Comply with Section R302.4 | < 3 feet |
| None required | 3 feeta | ||
| For IS: | 1 foot = 304.8 mm. N/A = Not Applicable |
| aFor residential subdivisions where all dwellings are equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with P2904, the fire separation distance for nonrated exterior walls and rated projections shall be permitted to be reduced to 0 feet, and unlimited unprotected openings and penetrations shall be permitted, where the adjoining lot provides an open setback yard that is 6 feet or more in width on the opposite side of the property line. | |
| bRoof eave fire-resistance rating shall be permitted to be reduced to 0 hours on the underside of the eave if fire blocking is provided from the wall top plate to the underside of the roof sheathing. | |
| cRoof eave fire-resistance rating shall be permitted to be reduced to 0 hours on the underside of the eave provided no gable vent openings are installed. |
Where a story extends beyond the exterior wall of a story below:
1. The fire-resistance-rated wall or assembly shall extend to the outside edge of the upper story; or
2. The underside of the exposed floor-ceiling assembly shall be protected as required for projections in Section R302.
R302.2.4 Structural independence. Each individual townhouse
shall be structurally independent.
| EXCEPTIONS: | 1. Foundation supporting exterior walls or common walls. |
| 2. Structural roof and wall sheathing from each unit may be fastened to the common wall framing. | |
| 3. Nonstructural wall and roof coverings. | |
| 4. Flashing at termination of roof covering over common wall. | |
| 5. Townhouses separated by a common (( |
|
| 6. Floor sheathing may fasten to the floor framing of both units. |
[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.031 and 19.27.074. 10-03-098, § 51-51-0302, filed 1/20/10, effective 7/1/10. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.190, 19.27.020, and chapters 19.27 and 34.05 RCW. 09-04-023, § 51-51-0302, filed 1/27/09, effective 7/1/09; 08-01-102, § 51-51-0302, filed 12/18/07, effective 4/1/08.]
R303.1 Natural light. All habitable rooms shall have an
aggregate glazing area of not less than 8 percent of the floor
area of such rooms.
| EXCEPTION: | The glazed areas need not be installed in rooms where artificial light is provided capable of producing an average illumination of 6 footcandles (65 lux) over the area of the room at a height of 30 inches (762 mm) above the floor level. |
| EXCEPTION: | Openings required for light shall be permitted to open into a (( |
R303.3 Bathrooms. This section is not adopted.
((R303.4.1 Intake Openings. Mechanical and gravity outdoor
air intake openings shall be located a minimum of 10 feet
(3048 mm) from any hazardous or noxious contaminant, such as
vents, chimneys, plumbing vents, streets, alleys, parking lots
and loading docks, except as otherwise specified in this code.
Where a source of contaminant is located within 10 feet (3048
mm) of an intake opening, such opening shall be located a
minimum of 3 feet (914 mm) below the contaminant source.
For the purposes of this section, the exhaust from dwelling unit toilet rooms, bathrooms and kitchens shall not be considered as hazardous or noxious.))
R303.4 Minimum ventilation performance. Dwelling units shall
be equipped with local exhaust and whole house ventilation
systems designed and installed as specified in Section M1507.
| EXCEPTION: | Additions with less than 500 square feet of conditioned floor area are exempt from the requirements in this Code for Whole House Ventilation Systems. |
R303.5.1 Intake openings. Mechanical and gravity outdoor air
intake openings shall be located a minimum of 10 feet (3048
mm) from any hazardous or noxious contaminant, such as vents,
chimneys, plumbing vents, streets, alleys, parking lots and
loading docks, except as otherwise specified in this code.
Where a source of contaminant is located within 10 feet (3048
mm) of an intake opening, such opening shall be located a
minimum of 3 feet (914 mm) below the contaminant source.
For the purpose of this section, the exhaust from dwelling unit toilet rooms, bathrooms and kitchens shall not be considered as hazardous or noxious.
R303.5.2 Exhaust openings. Exhaust air shall not be directed
onto walkways. All exhaust ducts shall terminate outside the
building. Terminal elements shall have at least the
equivalent net free area of the duct work.
R303.5.2.1 Exhaust ducts. Exhaust ducts shall be equipped
with back-draft dampers. All exhaust ducts in unconditioned
spaces shall be insulated to a minimum of R-4.
((R303.6)) R303.7 Stairway illumination. All interior and
exterior stairways shall be provided with a means to
illuminate the stairs, including the landings and treads. Stairway illumination shall receive primary power from the
building wiring. Interior stairways shall be provided with an
artificial light source located in the immediate vicinity of
each landing of the stairway. For interior stairs the
artificial light sources shall be capable of illuminating
treads and landings to levels not less than 1 foot-candle (11
lux) measured at the center of treads and landings. Exterior
stairways shall be provided with an artificial light source
located in the immediate vicinity of the top landing of the
stairway. Exterior stairways providing access to a basement
from the outside grade level shall be provided with an
artificial light source located in the immediate vicinity of
the bottom landing of the stairway.
| EXCEPTION: | An artificial light source is not required at the top and bottom landing, provided an artificial light source is located directly over each stairway section. |
DESIGNATED AREAS are those areas designated by a county to be an
urban growth area in chapter 36.70A RCW and those areas
designated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency as
being in nonattainment for particulate matter.
SUBSTANTIALLY REMODELED means any alteration or restoration of a
building exceeding 60 percent of the appraised value of such
building within a 12 month period. For the purpose of this
section, the appraised value is the estimated cost to replace
the building and structure in kind, based on current
replacement costs.
R303.8.2 Primary Heating Source. Primary heating sources in
all new and substantially remodeled buildings in designated
areas shall not be dependent upon wood stoves.
R303.8.3 Solid Fuel Burning Devices. No used solid fuel
burning device shall be installed in new or existing buildings
unless such device is United States Environmental Protection
Agency certified or a pellet stove either certified or exempt
from certification by the United States Environmental
Protection Agency.
| EXCEPTION: | Unheated recreational tents or yurts not exceeding 500 square feet provided it is not occupied as a permanent dwelling. |
DESIGNATED AREAS are those areas designated by a county to be an
urban growth area in chapter 36.70A RCW and those areas
designated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency as
being in nonattainment for particulate matter.
SUBSTANTIALLY REMODELED means any alteration or restoration of a
building exceeding 60 percent of the appraised value of such
building within a 12 month period. For the purpose of this
section, the appraised value is the estimated cost to replace
the building and structure in kind, based on current
replacement costs.
R303.9.2 Primary heating source. Primary heating sources in
all new and substantially remodeled buildings in designated
areas shall not be dependent upon wood stoves.
R303.9.3 Solid fuel burning devices. No new or used solid
fuel burning device shall be installed in new or existing
buildings unless such device is United States Environmental
Protection Agency certified or a pellet stove either certified
or exempt from certification by the United States
Environmental Protection Agency.
| EXCEPTIONS: | 1. Wood cook stoves. |
| 2. Wood heaters. |
[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.031 and 19.27.074. 10-03-098, § 51-51-0303, filed 1/20/10, effective 7/1/10; 04-01-109, § 51-51-0303, filed 12/17/03, effective 7/1/04.]
R314.3 Location. Smoke alarms shall be installed in the
following locations:
1. In each sleeping room.
2. Outside each separate sleeping area in the immediate vicinity of the bedrooms.
3. On each additional story of the dwelling, including basements and habitable attics but not including crawl spaces and uninhabitable attics. In dwellings or dwelling units with split levels and without an intervening door between the adjacent levels, a smoke alarm installed on the upper level shall suffice for the adjacent lower level provided that the lower level is less than one full story below the upper level.
4. In napping areas in a family home child ((day)) care
((homes)).
((When more than one smoke alarm is required to be
installed within an individual dwelling unit, the alarm
devices shall be interconnected in such a manner that the
actuation of one alarm will activate all of the alarms in the
individual unit.))
R314.3.1 Alterations, Repairs and Additions. When
alterations, repairs or additions requiring a permit occur, or
when one or more sleeping rooms are added or created in
existing dwellings, the individual dwelling unit shall be
equipped with smoke alarms as required for new dwellings.
| EXCEPTIONS: | 1. Work involving the exterior surfaces of dwellings, such as the replacement of roofing or siding, or the addition or replacement of windows or doors, or the addition of a porch or deck are exempt from the requirements of this section. |
| 2. Installation, alteration or repairs of plumbing, electrical or mechanical systems are exempt from the requirements of this section. |
[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.031 and 19.27.074. 10-03-098, § 51-51-0314, filed 1/20/10, effective 7/1/10.]
R315.1 Carbon Monoxide Alarms. For new construction, an
approved carbon monoxide alarm shall be installed outside of
each separate sleeping area in the immediate vicinity of the
bedrooms in dwelling units and on each level of the dwelling
and in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations.
R315.2 ((Existing Dwellings. Existing dwellings shall be
equipped with carbon monoxide alarms when alterations, repairs
or additions requiring a permit occur, or when one or more
sleeping rooms are added or created.
| EXCEPTION: | Where carbon monoxide alarms are installed meeting the requirements of Section R315.1, compliance with Section R315.2 is not required. |
| EXCEPTIONS: | 1. Work involving only the exterior surfaces of dwellings, such as the replacement of roofing or siding, or the addition or replacement of windows or doors, or the addition of a porch or deck, or electrical permits, are exempt from the inspection requirements of this section. |
| 2. Installation, alteration or repairs of nonfuel burning plumbing or mechanical systems are exempt from the inspection requirements of this section. | |
| 3. Owner-occupied single-family residences legally occupied before July 26, 2009. RCW 19.27.530 (2)(b). |
[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.074 and 19.27.530. 12-01-099, § 51-51-0315, filed 12/20/11, effective 4/1/12. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.031 and 19.27.074. 10-03-098, § 51-51-0315, filed 1/20/10, effective 7/1/10.]
ADULT FAMILY HOMES
R325.2 Submittal standards. In addition to those requirements
in Section 106.1, the submittal shall identify the project as
a Group R-3 Adult Family Home Occupancy. A floor plan shall
be submitted identifying the means of egress and the
components in the means of egress such as stairs, ramps,
platform lifts and elevators. The plans shall indicate the
rooms used for clients and the sleeping room classification of
each room.
R325.3 Sleeping room classification. Each sleeping room in an
adult family home shall be classified as:
1. Type S - Where the means of egress contains stairs, elevators or platform lifts.
2. Type NS1 - Where one means of egress is at grade level or a ramp constructed in accordance with R325.9 is provided.
3. Type NS2 - Where two means of egress are at grade level or ramps constructed in accordance with R325.9 are provided.
R325.4 Types of locking devices and door activation. All
bedroom and bathroom doors shall be openable from the outside
when locked.
Every closet shall be readily openable from the inside.
Operable parts of door handles, pulls, latches, locks and other devices installed in adult family homes shall be operable with one hand and shall not require tight grasping, pinching or twisting of the wrist. Pocket doors shall have graspable hardware available when in the closed or open position.
The force required to activate operable parts shall be 5.0 pounds (22.2 N) maximum. Required exit doors shall have no additional locking devices.
Required exit door hardware shall unlock inside and outside mechanisms when exiting the building allowing reentry into the adult family home without the use of a key, tool or special knowledge.
R325.5 Smoke and carbon monoxide alarm requirements. All
adult family homes shall be equipped with smoke and carbon
monoxide alarms installed as required in Section R314 and
R315.1. Alarms shall be installed in such a manner so that
the ((fire)) detection device warning ((may be)) is audible
((in)) from all ((parts)) areas of the dwelling upon
activation of a single ((device)) alarm.
R325.6 Escape windows and doors. Every sleeping room shall be
provided with emergency escape and rescue windows as required
by Section R310. No alternatives to the sill height such as
steps, raised platforms or other devices placed by the
openings will be approved as meeting this requirement.
R325.7 Fire apparatus access roads and water supply for fire
protection. Adult family homes shall be served by fire apparatus access roads and water supplies meeting the requirements of the local jurisdiction.
R325.8 Grab bar((s)) general requirements. Where facilities
are designated for use by adult family home clients, grab bars
((shall be installed)) for ((all)) water closets ((and)),
bathtubs and shower((s)) stalls shall be installed according
to this section. ((The grab bars shall comply with ICC/ANSI
A117.1 Sections 604.5 and 607.4 and 608.3.
R325.8.2 Grab bar installation. Grab bars shall have a
spacing of 1 1/2 inches between the wall and the bar.
Projecting objects, control valves and bathtub or shower stall
enclosure features above, below and at the ends of the grab
bar shall have a clear space of 1 1/2 inches to the grab bar.
| EXCEPTION 1: | Swing-up grab bars shall not be required to meet the 1 1/2 inch spacing requirement. |
Fixed position grab bars, when mounted, shall not rotate, spin or move and have a graspable surface finish.
R325.8.3 Grab bars at water closets. Water closets shall have
grab bars mounted on both sides. Grab bars can be a
combination of fixed position and swing-up bars. Grab bars
shall meet the requirements of R325.8.
R325.8.3.1 Fixed position grab bars. Fixed position grab bars
shall be 36 inches in length and start 12 inches from the rear
wall.
R325.8.3.2 Swing-up grab bars. Swing-up grab bars shall be a
minimum of 28 inches in length from the rear wall. Grab bars
shall mount between 33 inches and 36 inches above floor grade.
Centerline distance between grab bars, regardless of type
used, shall be between 25 inches minimum and 30 inches
maximum.
R325.8.4 Grab bars at bathtubs. Horizontal and vertical grab
bars shall meet the requirements of 420.7.7.
R325.8.4.1 Vertical grab bars. Vertical grab bars shall be 18
inches long and installed at the control end wall and head end
wall. Grab bars shall mount within 4 inches of the exterior
of the bath tub edge or within 4 inches within the bath tub.
The bottom end of the bar shall start between 36 inches and 42
inches above floor grade.
| EXCEPTION: | The required vertical grab bar can be substituted with a floor to ceiling grab bar meeting the requirements of 420.7.7 at the control end and head end entry points. |
R325.8.5 Grab bars at shower stalls. Where shower stalls are
provided to meet the requirements for bathing facilities, grab
bars shall meet the requirements of R325.8.
| EXCEPTION: | Shower stalls with permanent built-in seats are not required to have vertical or horizontal grab bars at the seat end wall. A vertical floor to ceiling grab bar shall be installed within 4 inches of the exterior of the shower aligned with the nose of the built-in seat. |
R325.8.5.2 Horizontal grab bars. Horizontal grab bars shall
be installed on all sides of the shower stall mounted between
33 inches and 36 inches above the floor grade. Horizontal
grab bars shall be a maximum of 6 inches from adjacent walls.
Horizontal grab bars shall not interfere with shower control
valves.
R325.9 Ramps. All interior and exterior ramps, when provided,
shall be constructed in accordance with Section R311.8 with a
maximum slope of 1 vertical to 12 horizontal. The exception
to R311.8.1 is not allowed for adult family homes. Handrails
shall be installed in accordance with R325.9.1.
R325.9.1 Handrails for ramps. Handrails shall be installed on
both sides of ramps between the slope of 1 vertical to 12
horizontal and 1 vertical and 20 horizontal in accordance with
R311.6.3.1 through R311.6.3.3.
R325.10 Stair treads and risers. Stair treads and risers
shall be constructed in accordance with R311.7.4. Handrails
shall be installed in accordance with R325.10.1.
R325.10.1 Handrails for treads and risers. Handrails shall be
installed on both sides of treads and risers numbering from
one riser to multiple risers. Handrails shall be installed in
accordance with R311.7.7 through R311.7.7.4.
R325.11 Shower stalls. Where provided to meet the
requirements for bathing facilities, the minimum size of
shower stalls for an adult family home shall be 30 inches deep
by 48 inches long.
[Statutory Authority: Chapter 19.27 RCW. 10-18-036, § 51-51-0325, filed 8/25/10, effective 9/25/10. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.190, 19.27.020, and chapters 19.27 and 34.05 RCW. 09-04-023, § 51-51-0325, filed 1/27/09, effective 7/1/10. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.074, 19.27.020, and chapters 19.27 and 34.05 RCW. 07-01-090, § 51-51-0325, filed 12/19/06, effective 7/1/07. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.031 and 19.27.074. 04-01-109, § 51-51-0325, filed 12/17/03, effective 7/1/04.]
FAMILY CHILD DAY CARE HOMES))
Basements located more than 4 feet below grade level shall not be used for family child day care homes unless one of following conditions exist:
1. Stairways from the basement open directly to the exterior of the building without entering the first floor; or
2. One of the two required means of egress discharges directly to the exterior from the basement level, and a self-closing door is installed at the top or bottom of the interior stair leading to the floor above; or
3. One of the two required means of egress is an operable window or door, approved for emergency escape or rescue, that opens directly to a public street, public alley, yard or exit court; or
4. A residential sprinkler system is provided throughout the entire building in accordance with National Fire Protection Association Standard 13d.
Floors located more than 4 feet above grade level shall
not be occupied by children in family ((day)) home child care
((homes)).
| EXCEPTIONS: | 1. Use of toilet facilities while under supervision of an adult staff person. |
| 2. Family home child (( |
|
| 2.1 Stairways from the second story open directly to the exterior of the building without entering the first floor; or | |
| 2.2 One of the two required means of egress discharges directly to the exterior from the second story level, and a self-closing door is installed at the top or bottom of the interior stair leading to the floor below; or | |
| 2.3 A residential sprinkler system is provided throughout the entire building in accordance with National Fire Protection Association Standard 13d. |
| EXCEPTION: | Sleeping or napping rooms having doors leading to two separate means of egress, or a door leading directly to the exterior of the building. |
| EXCEPTION: | A fire-resistive separation shall not be required where the food preparation kitchen contains only a domestic cooking range, and the preparation of food does not result in the production of smoke or grease laden vapors. |
[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.074, 19.27.020, and chapters 19.27 and 34.05 RCW. 07-01-090, § 51-51-0326, filed 12/19/06, effective 7/1/07.]
R328.1 General. Mezzanines shall comply with Section R328.
R328.2 Mezzanines. The clear height above and below mezzanine floor construction shall meet the requirements of R305.1.
R328.3 Area limitation. The aggregate area of a mezzanine shall be not greater than one-third of the floor area of the room or space in which they are located. The enclosed portion of a room shall not be included in a determination of the floor area of the room in which the mezzanine is located.
R328.4 Means of egress. The means of egress for mezzanines shall comply with the applicable provisions of Section R311.
R328.5 Openness. A mezzanine shall be open and unobstructed to the room in which the mezzanine is located except for walls not more than 42 inches (1067 mm) in height, columns and posts.
| EXCEPTIONS: | 1. Mezzanines or portions thereof are not required to be open to the room in which they are located, provided that the aggregate floor area of the enclosed space is not greater than 10 percent of the mezzanine area. |
| 2. Mezzanines that are no more than two stories above grade plane and equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with NFPA 13R, NFPA 13D or Appendix S, a mezzanine having two or more means of egress shall not be required to be open to the room in which the mezzanine is located. |
[]
((R403.1 General. All exterior walls shall be supported on
continuous solid or fully grouted masonry or concrete
footings, wood foundations, or other approved structural
systems which shall be of sufficient design to accommodate all
loads specified in Section R301 and to transmit the resulting
loads to the supporting soil within the limitations determined
from the characteristics of the soil. Footings shall be
supported on undisturbed natural soil or engineered fill.
Foundation walls complying with Section R404 or stem walls
complying with Section R403.1.3 shall be permitted to support
exterior walls, exterior braced wall lines and exterior braced
wall panels provided they are supported by continuous
footings.))
MINIMUM WIDTH OF CONCRETE,
PRECAST OR MASONRY FOOTINGS
(inches)
| LOAD-BEARING VALUE OF SOIL (psf) | ||||||||
| 1,500 | 2,000 | 3,000 | ≥4,000 | |||||
| Conventional light-frame construction | ||||||||
| 1 floorb, c | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | ||||
| 2 floorsb, c | 15 | 12 | 12 | 12 | ||||
| 3 floorsb, c | 23 | 17 | 12 | 12 | ||||
| 4-inch brick veneer over light frame or 8-inch hollow concrete masonry | ||||||||
| 1-story | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | ||||
| 2-story | 21 | 16 | 12 | 12 | ||||
| 3-story | 32 | 24 | 16 | 12 | ||||
| 8-inch solid or fully grouted masonry | ||||||||
| 1-story | 16 | 12 | 12 | 12 | ||||
| 2-story | 29 | 21 | 14 | 12 | ||||
| 3-story | 42 | 32 | 21 | 16 | ||||
| For SI: | 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 pound per square foot = 0.0479kPa. |
| a. Where minimum footing width is 12 inches, use of a single wythe of solid or fully grouted 12-inch nominal concrete masonry units is permitted. | |
| b. Represents the number of floors supported. | |
| c. Footings shall be permitted to support a roof in addition to the stipulated number of floors. Footings supporting a roof only shall be as required for supporting one floor. |
((Figure 403.4(1). Note corrected title and labels:
BASEMENT OR CRAWL SPACE WITH PRECAST CONCRETE FOUNDATION WALL BEARING ON CRUSHED STONE
PRECAST CONCRETE FOUNDATION WALL
CRUSHED STONE FOOTING
Figure 403.4(2). Note corrected title and label:
BASEMENT OR CRAWL SPACE WITH PRECAST CONCRETE FOUNDATION WALL ON SPREAD FOOTING
PRECAST CONCRETE FOUNDATION WALL))
[Statutory Authority: Chapter 19.27 RCW. 10-24-061, § 51-51-0403, filed 11/29/10, effective 7/1/11. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.031 and 19.27.074. 10-03-098, § 51-51-0403, filed 1/20/10, effective 7/1/10. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.190, 19.27.020, and chapters 19.27 and 34.05 RCW. 08-01-103, § 51-51-0403, filed 12/18/07, effective 4/1/08. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.074, 19.27.020, and chapters 19.27 and 34.05 RCW. 07-01-090, § 51-51-0403, filed 12/19/06, effective 7/1/07.]
((Table R404.1.1(3). Note corrected title:
10-INCH MASONRY FOUNDATION WALLS WITH REINFORCING WHERE d > 6.75 INCHESa,c))
R404.1.2.2 Reinforcement for foundation walls. Concrete
foundation walls shall be laterally supported at the top
except where permitted in R404.1.2.2.1 and R404.1.2.2.2, and
at the bottom where required elsewhere in this code.
Horizontal reinforcement shall be provided in accordance with
Table R404.1.2(1). Vertical reinforcement shall be provided
in accordance with Table R404.1.2(2), R404.1.2(3),
R404.1.2(4), R404.1.2(5), R404.1.2(6), R404.1.2(7) or
R404.1.2(8). Vertical reinforcement for flat basement walls
retaining 4 feet (1,219 mm) or more of unbalanced backfill is
permitted to be determined in accordance with Table
R404.1.2(9).
For basement walls supporting above-grade concrete walls,
vertical reinforcement shall be the greater of that required
by Tables R404.1.2(2) through R404.1.2(8) or by Section 611.6
for the above-grade wall. In buildings assigned to Seismic
Design Category D0, D1 or D2, concrete foundation walls shall
also comply with Section R404.1.4.2.
R404.4 Retaining walls. Retaining walls not supporting a
structure that are not laterally supported at the top and that
retain in excess of 24 inches (610 mm) of unbalanced fill
shall be designed to ensure stability against overturning,
sliding, excessive foundation pressure and water uplift.
Retaining walls shall be designed for a safety factor of 1.5
against lateral sliding and overturning.
[Statutory Authority: Chapter 19.27 RCW. 10-24-061, § 51-51-0404, filed 11/29/10, effective 7/1/11. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.031 and 19.27.074. 10-03-098, § 51-51-0404, filed 1/20/10, effective 7/1/10. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.190, 19.27.020, and chapters 19.27 and 34.05 RCW. 08-01-102, § 51-51-0404, filed 12/18/07, effective 4/1/08. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.074, 19.27.020, and chapters 19.27 and 34.05 RCW. 07-01-090, § 51-51-0404, filed 12/19/06, effective 7/1/07.]
R408.1 Ventilation. The under-floor space between the bottom
of the floor joists and the earth under any building (except
space occupied by a basement) shall have ventilation openings
through foundation walls or exterior walls.
R408.2 Openings for under-floor ventilation. The minimum net
area of ventilation openings shall not be less than 1 square
foot (0.0929 m2) for each 300 square feet (28 m2) of
under-floor area. ((One ventilating opening shall be within 3
feet (914 mm) of each corner of the building,)) Required
openings shall be evenly placed to provide cross ventilation
of the space except one side of the building shall be
permitted to have no ventilation openings. Ventilation
openings shall be covered for their height and width with any
of the following materials provided that the least dimension
of the covering shall not exceed 1/4 inch (6.4 mm):
1. Perforated sheet metal plates not less than 0.070 inch (1.8 mm) thick.
2. Expanded sheet metal plates not less than 0.047 inch (1.2 mm) thick.
3. Cast-iron grill or grating.
4. Extruded load-bearing brick vents.
5. Hardware cloth of 0.035 inch (0.89 mm) wire or heavier.
6. Corrosion-resistant wire mesh, with the least dimension being 1/8 inch (3.2 mm).
| EXCEPTION: | The total area of ventilation openings shall be permitted to be reduced to 1/1,500 of the under-floor area where the ground surface is covered with an approved Class I vapor retarder material and the required openings are placed to provide cross ventilation of the space. The installation of operable louvers shall not be prohibited. If the installed ventilation is less than 1/300, or if operable louvers are installed, a radon vent shall be installed to originate from a point between the ground cover and soil. The radon vent shall be installed in accordance with the requirements of Appendix F (Radon) of this code. |
1. Exposed earth is covered with a continuous Class I vapor retarder. Joints of the vapor retarder shall overlap by 6 inches (152 mm) and shall be sealed or taped. The edges of the vapor retarder shall extend at least 6 inches (152 mm) up the stem wall and shall be attached and sealed to the stem wall; and a radon system shall be installed that meets the requirements of Appendix F (Radon) of this code.
2. Continuously operated mechanical exhaust ventilation is provided at a rate equal to 1 cubic foot per minute (0.47 L/s) for each 50 square feet (4.7 m2) of crawlspace floor area. Exhaust ventilation shall terminate to the exterior.
| EXCEPTION: | Plenum in existing structures complying with Section M1601.5, if under-floor space is used as a plenum. |
[Statutory Authority: Chapter 19.27 RCW. 10-18-036, § 51-51-0408, filed 8/25/10, effective 9/25/10. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.031 and 19.27.074. 10-03-098, § 51-51-0408, filed 1/20/10, effective 7/1/10. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.074, 19.27.020, and chapters 19.27 and 34.05 RCW. 07-01-090, § 51-51-0408, filed 12/19/06, effective 7/1/07.]
R501.3 Fire protection of floors. Floor assemblies, not
required elsewhere in this code to be fire-resistance rated,
shall be provided with a 1/2-inch (12.7 mm) gypsum wallboard
membrane, 5/8-inch (16 mm) wood structural panel membrane, or
equivalent on the underside of the floor framing member.
| EXCEPTIONS: | 1. Floor assemblies located directly over a space protected by an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section P2904, NFPA 13D, or other approved equivalent sprinkler system. |
| 2. Floor assemblies located directly over a crawl space not intended for storage or fuel-fired appliances. | |
| 3. Portions of floor assemblies can be unprotected when complying with the following: | |
| 3.1. The aggregate area of the unprotected portions shall not exceed 80 square feet per story. | |
| 3.2. Fire blocking in accordance with Section R302.11.1 shall be installed along the perimeter of the unprotected portion to separate the unprotected portion from the remainder of the floor assembly. | |
| 4. Wood floor assemblies using dimensional lumber or structural composite lumber with a cross sectional area equal to or greater than 2-inch by 10-inch nominal dimension, or other approved floor assemblies demonstrating equivalent fire performance. |
[]
((R502.2.2.2 Alternate Deck Ledger Connections. Deck ledger
connections not conforming to Table R502.2.2.1 shall be
attached with approved fasteners having equivalent withdrawal
capacity or be designed in accordance with accepted
engineering practice. Girders supporting deck joists shall
not be supported on deck ledgers or band joists. Deck ledgers
shall not be supported on stone or masonry veneer.
R502.2.2.3 Deck Lateral Load Connections. The lateral load
connection required by Section R502.2.2 shall be permitted to
be in accordance with Figure R502.2.2.3. Hold-down tension
devices shall be installed in not less than two locations per
deck, and each device shall have an allowable stress design
capacity of not less than 1500 pounds (6672 N).
[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.031 and 19.27.074. 10-03-098, § 51-51-0502, filed 1/20/10, effective 7/1/10.]
R507.2.2 Alternate deck ledger connections. Deck ledger
connections not conforming to Table R507.2 shall be attached
with approved fasteners having equivalent withdrawal capacity
or be designed in accordance with accepted engineering
practice. Girders supporting deck joists shall not be
supported on deck ledgers or band joists. Deck ledgers shall
not be supported on stone or masonry veneer.
R507.2.3 Deck lateral load connections. The lateral load
connection required by Section R507.1 shall be permitted to be
in accordance with Figure R507.2.3. Where the lateral load
connection is provided in accordance with Figure R507.2.3,
hold-down tension devices shall be installed in not less than
two locations per deck, and each device shall have an
allowable stress design capacity of not less than 1500 pounds
(6672 N).
| EXCEPTIONS: | 1. Decks not more than 30 inches above grade at any point may be unattached. |
| 2. Where a new deck is being added to an existing structure, the lateral load connection required by Section R507.1 shall be permitted to be in accordance with Figure R507.2.4. |
|
| Figure R507.2.4 |
Placement of Lag Screws and Bolts in Deck Ledgers and Band Joists
| MINIMUM END AND EDGE DISTANCES AND SPACING BETWEEN ROWS | ||||
| TOP EDGE | BOTTOM EDGE | ENDS | ROW SPACING | |
| Ledgera | 2 inchesd | 3/4 inch | 2 inchesb | 1 5/8 inchesb |
| Band joistc | 3/4 inch | 2 inchese | 2 inchesb | 1 5/8 inchesb |
| For SI: | 1 inch = 25.4 mm. |
| aLag screws or bolts shall be staggered from the top to the bottom along the horizontal run of the deck ledger in accordance with Figure R507.2.1(1). | |
| bMaximum 5 inches. | |
| cFor engineered rim joists, the manufacturer's recommendations shall govern. | |
| dThe minimum distance from bottom row of lag screws to the top edge of the ledger shall be in accordance with Figure R507.2.1(1). | |
| eThe 2 inches may be reduced to 3/4 inch when the band joist is directly supported by a mudsill, a header or by double top wall plates |
[]
R602.9 Foundation cripple walls. Foundation cripple walls
shall be framed of studs not smaller than the studding above.
When exceeding 4 feet (1219 mm) in height, such walls shall be
framed of studs having the size required for an additional
story.
Cripple walls supporting bearing walls or exterior walls
or interior braced wall panels as required in Sections
R403.1.2 and ((R602.10.7.1)) R602.10.9.1 with a stud height
less than 14 inches (356 mm) shall be continuously sheathed on
((at least)) one side with ((a)) wood structural panels ((that
is)) fastened to both the top and bottom plates in accordance
with Table R602.3(1), or the cripple walls shall be
constructed of solid blocking. All cripple walls shall be
supported on continuous footings or foundations.
| EXCEPTION: | Footings supporting cripple walls used to support interior braced wall panels as required in Sections
R403.1.2 and (( |
R602.10.1.5 Braced wall line spacing for Seismic Design
Categories D0, D1 and D2. Spacing between braced wall lines in
each story shall not exceed 25 feet (7620 mm) on center in
both the longitudinal and transverse directions.
R602.10.7.1 Braced wall panel support for Seismic Design
Category D2. In one-story buildings located in Seismic Design
Category D2, braced wall panels shall be supported on
continuous foundations at intervals not exceeding 50 feet
(15,240 mm). In two-story buildings located in Seismic Design
Category D2, all braced wall panels shall be supported on
continuous foundations.
R602.10.9 Cripple wall bracing. In Seismic Design Categories
other than D2, cripple walls supporting bearing walls or
exterior walls or interior braced wall panels as required in
R403.1.2 and R602.10.7.1 shall be braced with a length and
type of bracing as required for the wall above in accordance
with Tables R602.10.1.2(1) and R602.10.1.2(2) with the
following modifications for cripple wall bracing:
1. The length of bracing as determined from Tables R602.10.1.2(1) and R602.10.1.2(2) shall be multiplied by a factor of 1.15, and
2. The wall panel spacing shall be decreased to 18 feet (5486 mm) instead of 25 feet (7620 mm).
R602.10.9.1 Cripple wall bracing in Seismic Design Categories
D0, D1 and D2. In addition to the requirements of Section
R602.10.9, where braced wall lines at interior walls occur
without a continuous foundation below, the length of parallel
exterior cripple wall bracing shall be 1 1/2 times the length
required by Tables R602.10.1.2(1) and R602.10.1.2(2). Where
cripple walls braced using Method WSP of Section R602.10.2
cannot provide this additional length, the capacity of the
sheathing shall be increased by reducing the spacing of
fasteners along the perimeter of each piece of sheathing to 4
inches (102 mm) on center.
In Seismic Design Category D2, cripple walls supporting bearing walls or exterior walls or interior braced wall panels as required in Sections R403.1.2 and R602.10.7.1 shall be braced in accordance with Tables R602.10.1.2(1) and R602.10.1.2(2).))
R602.10.11 Cripple wall bracing. Cripple walls shall be
constructed in accordance with Section R602.9 and braced in
accordance with this section. Cripple walls supporting
bearing walls or exterior walls or interior braced wall panels
as required in R403.1.2 shall be braced with the length and
method of bracing used for the wall above in accordance with
Tables R602.10.3(1) and R602.10.3(3), and the applicable
adjustment factors in Table R602.10.3(2) or R602.10.3(4),
respectively, except the length of the cripple wall bracing
shall be multiplied by a factor of 1.15. The distance between
adjacent edges of braced wall panels shall be reduced from 20
feet (6096 mm) to 14 feet (4267 mm).
R602.10.11.2 Cripple wall bracing for Seismic Design Category
D2. In Seismic Design Category D2, cripple walls supporting
bearing walls or exterior walls or interior braced wall panels
as required in R403.1.2 shall be braced in accordance with
Tables R602.10.3(3) and R602.10.3(4).
[Statutory Authority: Chapter 19.27 RCW. 10-18-036, § 51-51-0602, filed 8/25/10, effective 9/25/10. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.031 and 19.27.074. 10-03-098, § 51-51-0602, filed 1/20/10, effective 7/1/10. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.190, 19.27.020, and chapters 19.27 and 34.05 RCW. 08-01-102, § 51-51-0602, filed 12/18/07, effective 4/1/08. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.074, 19.27.020, and chapters 19.27 and 34.05 RCW. 07-01-090, § 51-51-0602, filed 12/19/06, effective 7/1/07.]
((R612.6)) R612.3 Testing and labeling. Exterior windows and
sliding doors shall be tested by an approved independent
laboratory, and bear a label identifying manufacturer,
performance characteristics and approved inspection agency to
indicated compliance with AAMA/WDMA/CSA 101/I.S.2/A440. Exterior side-hinged doors shall be tested and labeled as
conforming to AAMA/WDMA/CSA 101/I.S.2/A440 or comply with
Section ((R612.6)) R612.5.
| EXCEPTIONS: | 1. Decorative glazed openings. |
| 2. Custom exterior windows and doors manufactured by a small business shall be exempt from all testing requirements in Section R612 of the International Residential Code provided they meet the applicable provisions of Chapter 24 of the International Building Code. |
[Statutory Authority: Chapter 19.27 RCW. 10-18-036, § 51-51-0612, filed 8/25/10, effective 9/25/10. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.031 and 19.27.074. 10-03-098, amended and recodified as § 51-51-0612, filed 1/20/10, effective 7/1/10. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.074, 19.27.020, and chapters 19.27 and 34.05 RCW. 07-01-090, § 51-51-0613, filed 12/19/06, effective 7/1/07.]
R703.1 General. Exterior walls shall provide the building
with a weather-resistant exterior wall envelope. The exterior
wall envelope shall include flashing as described in Section
R703.8.
R703.1.1 Water resistance. The exterior wall envelope shall
be designed and constructed in a manner that prevents the
accumulation of water within the wall assembly by providing a
water-resistant barrier behind the exterior veneer as required
by Section R703.2 and a means of draining water that enters
the assembly to the exterior. Protection against condensation
in the exterior wall assembly shall be provided in accordance
with Section ((601.3)) R702.7 of this code.
| EXCEPTIONS: | 1. A weather-resistant exterior wall envelope shall not be required over concrete or masonry walls designed in accordance with Chapter 6 and flashed according to Section R703.7 or R703.8. |
| 2. Compliance with the requirements for a means of drainage, and the requirements of Section R703.2 and R703.8, shall not be required for an exterior wall envelope that has been demonstrated to resist wind-driven rain through testing of the exterior wall envelope, including joints, penetrations and intersections with dissimilar materials, in accordance with ASTM E 331 under the following conditions: | |
| 2.1. Exterior wall envelope test assemblies shall include at least one opening, one control joint, one wall/eave interface and one wall sill. All tested openings and penetrations shall be representative of the intended end-use configuration. | |
| 2.2. Exterior wall envelope test assemblies shall be at least 4 feet (1219 mm) by 8 feet (2438 mm) in size. | |
| 2.3. Exterior wall assemblies shall be tested at a minimum differential pressure of 6.24 pounds per square foot (299Pa). | |
| 2.4. Exterior wall envelope assemblies shall be subjected to a minimum test exposure duration of 2 hours. | |
| The exterior wall envelope design shall be considered to resist wind-driven rain where the results of testing indicate that water did not penetrate: Control joints in the exterior wall envelope; joints at the perimeter of opening penetration; or intersections of terminations with dissimilar materials. | |
| 3. The requirement for a means of drainage shall not be construed to mean an air space cavity under the exterior cladding for an exterior wall clad with panel or lapped siding made of plywood, engineered wood, hardboard, or fiber cement. A water-resistive barrier as required by Section R703.2 and Table R703.4 will be required on exterior walls. |
1. Exterior window and door openings. Flashing at exterior window and door openings shall extend to the surface of the exterior wall finish or to the water resistive barrier for subsequent drainage.
2. At the intersection of chimneys or other masonry construction with frame or stucco walls, with projecting lips on both sides under stucco copings.
3. Under and at the ends of masonry, wood or metal copings and sills.
4. Continuously above all projecting wood trim.
5. Where exterior porches, decks or stairs attach to a wall or floor assembly of wood-frame construction.
6. At wall and roof intersections.
7. At built-in gutters.
[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.031 and 19.27.074. 10-03-098, § 51-51-0703, filed 1/20/10, effective 7/1/10. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.190, 19.27.020, and chapters 19.27 and 34.05 RCW. 08-01-102, § 51-51-0703, filed 12/18/07, effective 4/1/08.]
((R806.4 Unvented attic assemblies. Unvented attic assemblies
(spaces between the ceiling joists of the top story and the
roof rafters) shall be permitted if all of the following
conditions are met:
1. The unvented attic space is completely contained within the building thermal envelope.
2. No interior vapor retarders are installed on the ceiling side (attic floor) of the unvented attic assembly.
3. Where wood shingles or shakes are used, a minimum 1/4-inch (6 mm) vented air space separates the shingles or shakes and the roofing underlayment above the structural sheathing.
4. Any air-impermeable insulation shall be a vapor retarder, or shall have a vapor retarder coating or covering in direct contact with the underside of the insulation.
5. Either items a, b or c below shall be met, depending on the air permeability of the insulation directly under the structural roof sheathing.
a. Air-impermeable insulation only. Insulation shall be applied in direct contact to the underside of the structural roof sheathing.
b. Air-permeable insulation only. In addition to the air-permeable insulation installed directly below the structural sheathing, rigid board or sheet insulation shall be installed directly above the structural roof sheathing as specified per Washington climate zone for condensation control.
i. Climate Zone #1 - R-10 minimum rigid board or air-impermeable insulation R-value.
ii. Climate Zone #2 - R-25 minimum rigid board or air-impermeable insulation R-value.
c. Air-impermeable and air-permeable insulation. The air-impermeable insulation shall be applied in direct contact to the underside of the structural roof sheathing as specified per Washington climate zone for condensation control. The air-permeable insulation shall be installed directly under the air-impermeable insulation.
i. Climate Zone #1 - R-10 minimum rigid board or air-impermeable insulation R-value.
ii. Climate Zone #2 - R-25 minimum rigid board or air-impermeable insulation R-value.))
[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.031 and 19.27.074. 10-03-098, § 51-51-0806, filed 1/20/10, effective 7/1/10. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.074, 19.27.020, and chapters 19.27 and 34.05 RCW. 07-01-090, § 51-51-0806, filed 12/19/06, effective 7/1/07.]
R903.4.1 ((Overflow)) Secondary (emergency overflow) drains
((and)) or scuppers. Where roof drains are required,
secondary emergency overflow drains or scuppers shall be
provided where the roof perimeter construction extends above
the roof in such a manner that water will be entrapped if the
primary drains allow buildup for any reason. Overflow drains
having the same size as the roof drains shall be installed
with the inlet flow line located 2 inches (51 mm) above the
low point of the roof, or overflow scuppers having three times
the size of the roof drains and having a minimum opening
height of 4 inches (102 mm) shall be installed in the adjacent
parapet walls with the inlet flow located 2 inches (51 mm)
above the low point of the roof served. The installation and
sizing of overflow drains, leaders and conductors shall comply
with the plumbing code. Overflow drains shall discharge to an
approved location.
[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.031 and 19.27.074. 10-03-098, § 51-51-0903, filed 1/20/10, effective 7/1/10.]
R1001.7.1 Damper. Masonry fireplaces shall be equipped with a
ferrous metal damper located at least 8 inches (203 mm) above
the top of the fireplace opening. Dampers shall be installed
in the fireplace or the chimney venting the fireplace, and
shall be operable from the room containing the fireplace.
Fireplaces shall be provided with each of the following:
1. Tightly fitting flue dampers, operated by a readily accessible manual or approved automatic control.
| EXCEPTION: | Fireplaces with gas logs shall be installed in accordance with the International Mechanical Code Section 901, except that the standards for liquefied petroleum gas installations shall be NFPA 58 (Liquefied Petroleum Gas Code) and NFPA 54 (National Fuel Gas Code). |
| (( |
[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.031 and 19.27.074. 10-03-098, § 51-51-1001, filed 1/20/10, effective 7/1/10.]
R1002.2 Installation. Masonry heaters shall be installed in
accordance with this section and shall be approved by the
department of ecology. Masonry heaters shall comply with one
of the following:
1. Masonry heaters shall comply with the requirements of ASTM E 1602; or
2. Masonry heaters shall be listed and labeled in accordance with UL 1482 and installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions.
R1002.2.1 Combustion air and doors. Masonry heaters shall be
provided with both of the following:
1. Primary combustion air ducted from the outside of the structure to the appliance.
2. Tight fitting ceramic glass or metal doors. Flue dampers, when provided, shall have an external control and when in the closed position shall have a net free area of not less than 5% of the flue cross sectional area.
[]
R1004.1.1 Emission Standards for Factory-built Fireplaces.
((After January 1, 1997,)) No new or used factory-built
fireplace shall be installed in Washington state unless it is
certified and labeled in accordance with procedures and
criteria specified in ((the Washington State Building Code
Standard 31-2)) ASTM E2558 Standard Test Method for
determining particulate matter emission from fires in low mass
wood burning fireplaces.
To certify an entire fireplace model line, the internal assembly shall be tested to determine its particulate matter emission performance. Retesting and recertifying is required if the design and construction specifications of the fireplace model line internal assembly change. Testing for certification shall be performed by a Washington state department of ecology (DOE) approved and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) accredited laboratory.
R1004.1.2 Emission Standards for Certified Masonry and
Concrete Fireplaces. ((After January 1, 1997, new certified
masonry or concrete fireplaces installed in Washington state
shall be tested and labeled in accordance with procedures and
criteria specified in the Washington State Building Code
Standard 31-2.
To certify an entire fireplace model line, the internal assembly shall be tested to determine its particulate matter emission performance. Retesting and recertifying is required if the design and construction specifications of the fireplace model line internal assembly change. Testing for certification shall be performed by a Washington state department of ecology (DOE) approved and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) accredited laboratory.)) Masonry and concrete fireplace model lines certified to Washington State Building Code Standard 31-2 prior to July 1, 2013, may retain certification provided the design and construction specifications of the fireplace model line internal assembly do not change.
[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.031 and 19.27.074. 04-01-109, § 51-51-1004, filed 12/17/03, effective 7/1/04.]
R1006.2 Solid fuel burning appliances and fireplaces. Solid
fuel burning appliances and fireplaces shall be provided with
tight fitting metal or ceramic glass doors, and:
1. A source from outside the structure of primary combustion air, connected to the appliance as per manufacturer's specification. The air inlet shall originate at a point below the fire box. The duct shall be 4 inches or greater in diameter, not exceed 20 feet in length, and be installed as per manufacturer's instructions; or
2. The appliance and manufacturer's recommended combustion air supply, as an installed unit, shall be certified by an independent testing laboratory to have passed Test No. 11-Negative Pressure Test, Section 12.3, of ULC S627-M1984 "Space Heaters for Use with Solid Fuels," modified as follows:
Negative pressure of 8 Pascal shall be initially established with the chamber sealed and the air supply, if not directly connected to the appliance, closed off.
The air supply if not directly connected to the appliance, shall then be opened.
The maximum allowable air exchange rate from chamber leakage and intentional air supply for the unit (appliance with combustion air supply) in the test chamber is 3.5 air changes per hour, or 28 cfm (cubic feet of air per minute), whichever is less.
| EXCEPTION: | Combustion air may be supplied to the room in which the solid fuel burning appliance is located in lieu of direct ducting, provided that one of the following conditions is met: |
| 1. The solid fuel burning appliance is part of a central heating plant and installed in an unconditioned space in conformance with the International Mechanical Code; or | |
| 2. The solid fuel burning appliance is installed in existing construction directly on a concrete floor or surrounded by masonry materials as in a fireplace. The combustion air terminus shall be located as close to the solid fuel burning appliance as possible and shall be provided with a barometric damper or equivalent. The combustion air source shall be specified by the manufacturer or no less than 4 inches in diameter or the equivalent in area or as approved. |
R1006.1.2 Masonry fireplaces. This section is not adopted.
R1006.2 Exterior air intake.)) R1006.4 Passageway. This
section is not adopted.
[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.031 and 19.27.074. 10-03-098, § 51-51-1006, filed 1/20/10, effective 7/1/10.]
M1201.1 Scope. The provisions of Chapters 12 through 24 shall
regulate the design, installation, maintenance, alteration and
inspection of mechanical systems that are permanently
installed and utilized to provide control of environmental
conditions within buildings. These chapters shall also
regulate those mechanical systems, system components,
equipment and appliances specifically addressed in this code.
| EXCEPTION: | The standards for liquefied petroleum gas installations shall be the (( |
M1201.4 Testing. At the discretion of the building official,
flow testing may be required to verify that the mechanical
system(s) satisfies the requirements of this code. Specific
testing required by other sections of this code shall be
performed. Flow testing may be performed using flow hoods
measuring at the intake or exhaust points of the system,
in-line pitot tube, or pitot-traverse type measurement systems
in the duct, short-term tracer gas measurements, or other
means approved by the building official.
[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.074, 19.27.020, and chapters 19.27 and 34.05 RCW. 07-01-090, § 51-51-1201, filed 12/19/06, effective 7/1/07.]
M1301.2 Identification. Each length of pipe and tubing and
each pipe fitting utilized in a mechanical system shall bear
the identification of the manufacturer.
| EXCEPTION: | The manufacturer identification for fittings and pipe nipples shall be on each piece or shall be printed on the fitting or nipple packaging or provided documentation. |
[]
((M1302.2 Construction Documents. The plans and
specifications shall show in sufficient detail pertinent data
and features of the materials, equipment and systems as herein
governed, including, but not limited to: Design criteria,
size and type of apparatus and equipment, systems and
equipment controls, provisions for combustion air to fuel
burning appliances, and other pertinent data to indicate
conformance with the requirements of this code.
M1302.3 Testing. At the discretion of the building official,
flow testing may be required to verify that the mechanical
system(s) satisfies the requirements of this code. Flow
testing may be performed using flow hoods measuring at the
intake or exhaust points of the system, in-line pitot tube, or
pitot-traverse type measurement systems in the duct, short
term tracer gas measurements, or other means approved by the
building official.))
[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.031 and 19.27.074. 10-03-098, § 51-51-1302, filed 1/20/10, effective 7/1/10.]
((M1415.1 General. Masonry heaters shall be approved by the
department of ecology and shall contain both of the following:
1. Primary combustion air ducted from the outside of the structure to the appliance.
2. Tight fitting ceramic glass or metal doors. Flue damper, when provided, shall have an external control and when in the closed position shall have a net free area of not less than 5% of the flue cross sectional area.))
[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.031 and 19.27.074. 10-03-098, § 51-51-1415, filed 1/20/10, effective 7/1/10.]
M1507.1 General. ((Source specific exhaust ventilation is
required in each kitchen, bathroom, water closet, laundry
room, indoor swimming pool, spa, and other rooms where water
vapor or cooking odor is produced. The minimum source
specific ventilation effective exhaust capacity shall not be
less than levels specified in Table M1507.3.
M1507.3.1 Source Specific Exhaust Fans. Exhaust fans
providing source specific ventilation shall have a minimum fan
flow rating not less than 50 cfm at 0.25 inches water gauge
for bathrooms, laundries, or similar rooms and 100 cfm at 0.25
inches water gauge for kitchens. Manufacturers' fan flow
ratings shall be determined as per HVI 916 (April 1995) or
AMCA 210.
M1507.3.3 Source Specific Ventilation Ducts. Source specific
ventilation ducts shall terminate outside the building.
Exhaust ducts shall be equipped with back-draft dampers. All
exhaust ducts in unconditioned spaces shall be insulated to a
minimum of R-4. Terminal elements shall have at least the
equivalent net free area of the duct work. Terminal elements
for exhaust fan duct systems shall be screened or otherwise
protected from entry by leaves or other material. Minimum 50%
net free area shall meet the requirements of R303.5.)) Local
exhaust and whole-house mechanical ventilation systems and
equipment shall be designed in accordance with this section.
M1507.2 Recirculation of air. Exhaust air from bathrooms and
toilet rooms shall not be recirculated within a residence or
to another dwelling unit and shall be exhausted directly to
the outdoors. Exhaust air from bathrooms and toilet rooms
shall not discharge into an attic, crawl space or other areas
of the building.
M1507.3 Whole-house mechanical ventilation system.
Whole-house mechanical ventilation systems shall be designed
in accordance with Sections M1507.3.1 through M1507.3.3.
M1507.3.1 System design. Each dwelling unit or guestroom
shall be equipped with a ventilation system complying with
Section M1507.3.4, M1507.3.5, M1507.3.6 or M1507.3.7.
Compliance is also permitted to be demonstrated through
compliance with the International Mechanical Code.
M1507.3.2 Control and operation.
1. Location of controls. Controls for all ventilation systems shall be readily accessible by the occupant.
2. Instructions. Operating instructions for whole-house ventilation systems shall be provided to the occupant by the installer of the system.
3. Local exhaust systems. Local exhaust systems shall be controlled by manual switches, dehumidistats, timers, or other approved means.
4. Continuous whole-house ventilation systems. Continuous whole-house ventilation systems shall operate continuously. Exhaust fans, forced-air system fans, or supply fans shall be equipped with "fan on" as override controls. Controls shall be capable of operating the ventilation system without energizing other energy-consuming appliances. A label shall be affixed to the controls that reads "Whole House Ventilation (see operating instructions)."
5. Intermittent whole-house ventilation systems. Intermittent whole-house ventilation systems shall comply with the following:
5.1. They shall be capable of operating intermittently and continuously.
5.2. They shall have controls capable of operating the exhaust fans, forced-air system fans, or supply fans without energizing other energy-consuming appliances.
5.3. The ventilation rate shall be adjusted according to the exception in Section 403.8.5.1.
5.4. The system shall be designed so that it can operate automatically based on the type of control timer installed.
5.5. The intermittent mechanical ventilation system shall operate at least one hour out of every four.
5.6. The system shall have a manual control and automatic control, such as a 24-hour clock timer.
5.7. At the time of final inspection, the automatic control shall be set to operate the whole-house fan according to the schedule used to calculate the whole-house fan sizing.
5.8. A label shall be affixed to the control that reads "Whole House Ventilation (see operating instructions)."
M1507.3.2.1 Operating instructions. Installers shall provide
the manufacturer's installation, operating instructions, and a
whole-house ventilation system operation description.
M1507.3.3 Mechanical ventilation rate. The whole-house
mechanical ventilation system shall provide outdoor air to
each habitable space at a continuous rate of not less than
that determined in accordance with Table M1507.3.3(1).
| EXCEPTION: | The whole-house mechanical ventilation system is permitted to operate intermittently where the system has controls that enable operation for not less than 25 percent of each 4-hour segment and the ventilation rate prescribed in Table M1507.3.3(1) is multiplied by the factor determined in accordance with Table M1507.3.3(2). |
Continuous Whole-House Mechanical Ventilation System Airflow Rate Requirements
| NUMBER OF BEDROOMS | |||||
| Dwelling Unit Floor Area (square feet) |
0 - 1 | 2 - 3 | 4 - 5 | 6 - 7 | > 7 |
| Airflow in CFM | |||||
| < 1,500 | 30 | 45 | 60 | 75 | 90 |
| 1,501 - 3,000 | 45 | 60 | 75 | 90 | 105 |
| 3,001 - 4,500 | 60 | 75 | 90 | 105 | 120 |
| 4,501 - 6,000 | 75 | 90 | 105 | 120 | 135 |
| 6,001 - 7,500 | 90 | 105 | 120 | 135 | 150 |
| > 7,501 | 105 | 120 | 135 | 150 | 165 |
Intermittent Whole-House Mechanical Ventilation Rate Factorsa, b
| Run-Time Percentage in Each 4-Hour Segment |
25% | 33% | 50% | 66% | 75% | 100% |
| Factora | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1.5 | 1.3 | 1.0 |
| a For ventilation system run time values between those given, the factors are permitted to be determined by interpolation. | |
| b Extrapolation beyond the table is prohibited. |
M1507.3.4 Whole-house ventilation using exhaust fans. This
section establishes minimum prescriptive requirements for
whole-house ventilation systems using exhaust fans. A system
which meets all the requirements of this section shall be
deemed to satisfy the requirements for a whole-house
ventilation system.
M1507.3.4.1 Whole-house ventilation fans. Exhaust fans
providing whole-house ventilation shall have a flow rating at
0.25 inches water gauge as specified in Table M1507.3.3(1).
Manufacturers' fan flow ratings shall be determined according
to HVI 916 or AMCA 210.
M1507.3.4.2 Fan noise. Whole-house fans located 4 feet or
less from the interior grille shall have a sone rating of 1.0
or less measured at 0.1 inches water gauge. Manufacturer's
noise ratings shall be determined as per HVI 915 (March 2009).
Remotely mounted fans shall be acoustically isolated from the
structural elements of the building and from attached duct
work using insulated flexible duct or other approved material.
M1507.3.4.3 Fan controls. The whole-house ventilation fan
shall meet the requirements of Section M1507.3.2 and
M1507.3.2.1.
M1507.3.4.4 Outdoor air inlets. Outdoor air shall be
distributed to each habitable space by individual outdoor air
inlets. Where outdoor air supplies are separated from exhaust
points by doors, provisions shall be made to ensure air flow
by installation of distribution ducts, undercutting doors,
installation of grilles, transoms, or similar means. Doors
shall be undercut to a minimum of 1/2 inch above the surface
of the finish floor covering.
Individual room outdoor air inlets shall:
1. Have controllable and secure openings;
2. Be sleeved or otherwise designed so as not to compromise the thermal properties of the wall or window in which they are placed;
3. Provide not less than 4 square inches of net free area of opening for each habitable space. Any inlet or combination of inlets which provide 10 cfm at 10 Pascals are deemed equivalent to 4 square inches net free area.
Inlets shall be screened or otherwise protected from entry by leaves or other material. Outdoor air inlets shall be located so as not to take air from the following areas:
1. Closer than 10 feet from an appliance vent outlet, unless such vent outlet is 3 feet above the outdoor air inlet.
2. Where it will pick up objectionable odors, fumes or flammable vapors.
3. A hazardous or unsanitary location.
4. A room or space having any fuel-burning appliances therein.
5. Closer than 10 feet from a vent opening of a plumbing drainage system unless the vent opening is at least 3 feet above the air inlet.
6. Attic, crawl spaces, or garages.
M1507.3.5 Whole-house ventilation integrated with a forced-air
system. This section establishes minimum prescriptive
requirements for whole-house ventilation systems integrated
with forced-air ventilation systems. A system which meets all
the requirements of this section shall be deemed to satisfy
the requirements for a whole-house ventilation system.
M1507.3.5.1 Integrated whole-house ventilation systems.
Integrated whole-house ventilation systems shall provide
outdoor air at the rate calculated using Section M1507.3.3.
Integrated forced-air ventilation systems shall distribute
outdoor air to each habitable space through the forced-air
system ducts. Integrated forced-air ventilation systems shall
have an outdoor air inlet duct connecting a terminal element
on the outside of the building to the return air plenum of the
forced-air system, at a point within 4 feet upstream of the
air handler. The outdoor air inlet duct connection to the
return air stream shall be located upstream of the forced-air
system blower and shall not be connected directly into a
furnace cabinet to prevent thermal shock to the heat
exchanger. The system will be equipped with a motorized
damper connected to the automatic ventilation control as
specified in Section M1507.3.2. The required flow rate shall
be verified by field testing with a flow hood or a flow
measuring station.
M1507.3.5.2 Ventilation duct insulation. All supply ducts in
the conditioned space shall be insulated to a minimum of R-4.
M1507.3.5.3 Outdoor air inlets. Inlets shall be screened or
otherwise protected from entry by leaves or other material.
Outdoor air inlets shall be located so as not to take air from
the following areas:
1. Closer than 10 feet from an appliance vent outlet, unless such vent outlet is 3 feet above the outdoor air inlet.
2. Where it will pick up objectionable odors, fumes or flammable vapors.
3. A hazardous or unsanitary location.
4. A room or space having any fuel-burning appliances therein.
5. Closer than 10 feet from a vent opening of a plumbing drainage system unless the vent opening is at least 3 feet above the air inlet.
6. Attic, crawl spaces, or garages.
M1507.3.6 Whole-house ventilation using a supply fan. This
section establishes minimum prescriptive requirements for
whole-house ventilation systems using an inline supply fan. A
system which meets all the requirements of this section shall
be deemed to satisfy the requirements for a whole-house
ventilation system.
M1507.3.6.1 Outdoor air. Supply fan ventilation systems shall
distribute outdoor air to each habitable space through the
forced-air system ducts or through dedicated ducts to each
habitable space. Supply fans shall have the capacity to
provide the amount of outdoor air specified in Table
M1507.3.3(1) at 0.40 inches water gauge as per HVI 916. The
outdoor air must be filtered before it is delivered to
habitable spaces. The filter may be located at the intake
device, in line with the fan, or, in the case of a connection
to the return plenum of the air handler, using the furnace
filter. An outdoor air inlet shall be connected to either the
supply or return air stream.
M1507.3.6.2 Ducts. An outdoor air inlet duct connection to
the supply air stream shall be located downstream of the
forced-air system blower. An outdoor air inlet duct
connection to the return air stream shall be located at least
4 feet upstream of the forced-air system blower and its
filter. Neither type of duct shall be connected directly into
a furnace cabinet to prevent thermal shock to the heat
exchanger. The outdoor air inlet duct shall be prescriptively
sized in accordance with Table M1507.3.6.2. The terminal
element on the outside of the building shall be sized 2 inches
in diameter larger than the outdoor air inlet duct.
Prescriptive Supply Fan Duct Sizing
| Supply Fan Tested cfm at 0.40" wg | ||
| Specified Volume from Table M1508.2 | Minimum Smooth Duct Diameter | Minimum Flexible Duct Diameter |
| 50 - 90 cfm | 4 inch | 5 inch |
| 90 - 150 cfm | 5 inch | 6 inch |
| 150 - 250 cfm | 6 inch | 7 inch |
| 250 - 400 cfm | 7 inch | 8 inch |
1. A calibrated manual volume damper installed and set to meet the measured flow rates specified in Table M1507.3.3(1) by field testing with a pressure gauge and/or following manufacturer's installation instructions; or
2. A manual volume damper installed and set to meet the measured flow rates specified in Table M1507.3.3(1) by field testing with a flow hood or a flow measuring station; or
3. An automatic flow-regulating device sized to the specified flow rates in Table M1507.3.3(1) which provides constant flow over a pressure range of 0.20 to 0.60 inches water gauge.
M1507.3.6.4 Ventilation duct insulation. All supply ducts in
the conditioned space shall be insulated to a minimum of R-4.
M1507.3.6.5 Outdoor air inlets. Inlets shall be screened or
otherwise protected from entry by leaves or other material.
Outdoor air inlets shall be located so as not to take air from
the following areas:
1. Closer than 10 feet from an appliance vent outlet, unless such vent outlet is 3 feet above the outdoor air inlet.
2. Where it will pick up objectionable odors, fumes or flammable vapors.
3. A hazardous or unsanitary location.
4. A room or space having any fuel-burning appliances therein.
5. Closer than 10 feet from a vent opening of a plumbing drainage system unless the vent opening is at least 3 feet above the air inlet.
6. Attic, crawl spaces, or garages.
M1507.3.7 Whole-house ventilation using a heat recovery
ventilation system. This section establishes minimum
prescriptive requirements for whole-house ventilation using a
heat recovery ventilation system.
M1507.3.7.1 Heat recovery ventilation systems. All duct work
in heat recovery systems shall be sized and installed per the
manufacturer's instructions. System minimum flow rating shall
be not less than that specified in Table M1507.3.3(1). Heat
recovery ventilation systems shall have a filter on the
upstream side of the heat exchanger in both the intake and
exhaust airstreams with a minimum efficiency rating value
(MERV) of 6.
M1507.3.7.2 Ventilation duct insulation. All supply ducts in
the conditioned space installed upstream of the heat exchanger
shall be insulated to a minimum of R-4.
M1507.3.7.3 Outdoor air inlets. Inlets shall be screened or
otherwise protected from entry by leaves or other material.
Outdoor air inlets shall be located so as not to take air from
the following areas:
1. Closer than 10 feet from an appliance vent outlet, unless such vent outlet is 3 feet above the outdoor air inlet.
2. Where it will pick up objectionable odors, fumes or flammable vapors.
3. A hazardous or unsanitary location.
4. A room or space having any fuel-burning appliances therein.
5. Closer than 10 feet from a vent opening of a plumbing drainage system unless the vent opening is at least 3 feet above the air inlet.
6. Attic, crawl spaces, or garages.
M1507.4 Local exhaust. Local exhaust shall be provided in
each kitchen, bathroom, water closet, laundry room, indoor
swimming pool, spa, and other rooms where water vapor or
cooking odor is produced. Local exhaust systems shall be
designed to have the capacity to exhaust the minimum air flow
rate determined in accordance with Table M1507.4.
Minimum Required Local Exhaust Rates
For One- and Two-Family Dwellings
| AREA TO BE EXHAUSTED | EXHAUST RATES |
| Kitchens | 100 cfm intermittent or 25 cfm continuous |
| Bathrooms - Toilet Rooms |
Mechanical exhaust capacity of 50 cfm intermittent or 20 cfm continuous |
| For SI: 1 cubic foot per minute = 0.0004719 m3/s. |
| EXCEPTION: | Where a range hood or down draft exhaust fan is used to satisfy the local exhaust requirements for kitchens, the range hood or down draft exhaust shall not be less than 100 cfm at 0.10 inches water gauge. |
[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.031 and 19.27.074. 10-03-098, § 51-51-1507, filed 1/20/10, effective 7/1/10.]
((M1508.1 General. This section establishes minimum
prescriptive design requirements for whole house ventilation
systems. Each dwelling unit or guest room shall be equipped
with a ventilation system complying with Section M1508.4,
M1508.5, M1508.6 or M1508.7. Compliance is also permitted to
be demonstrated through compliance with the International
Mechanical Code.
M1508.1.1 Control and Operation.
1. Location of controls. Controls for all ventilation systems shall be readily accessible by the occupant.
2. Instructions. Operating instructions for whole house ventilation systems shall be provided to the occupant by the installer of the system.
3. Source specific ventilation systems. Source specific ventilation systems shall be controlled by manual switches, dehumidistats, timers, or other approved means.
4. Continuous whole house ventilation systems. Continuous whole house ventilation systems shall operate continuously. Exhaust fans, forced-air system fans, or supply fans shall be equipped with "fan on" as override controls. Controls shall be capable of operating the ventilation system without energizing other energy-consuming appliances. A label shall be affixed to the controls that reads "Whole House Ventilation (see operating instructions)."
5. Intermittent whole house ventilation systems. Intermittent whole house ventilation systems shall comply with the following:
5.1 They shall be capable of operating intermittently and continuously.
5.2 They shall have controls capable of operating the exhaust fans, forced-air system fans, or supply fans without energizing other energy-consuming appliances.
5.3 The ventilation rate shall be adjusted in accordance with Section M1508.3.
5.4 The system shall be designed so that it can operate automatically based on the type of control timer installed.
5.5 The intermittent mechanical ventilation system shall operate at least one hour out of every twelve.
5.6 The system shall have a manual control and automatic control, such as a 24-hour clock timer.
5.7 At the time of final inspection, the automatic control shall be set to operate the whole house fan according to the schedule used to calculate the whole house fan sizing.
5.8 A label shall be affixed to the control that reads "Whole House Ventilation (see operating instructions)."
M1508.2 Continuously Operating Exhaust Ventilation Systems.
Continuously operating exhaust ventilation systems shall
provide the minimum flow rates specified in Table M1508.2.
TABLE M1508.2
MINIMUM VENTILATION RATES
(Continuously operating systems)
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TABLE M1508.3
VENTILATION EFFECTIVENESS FOR INTERMITTENT FANS
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M1508.4.1 Whole House Ventilation Fans. Exhaust fans
providing whole house ventilation shall have a flow rating at
0.25 inches water gauge as specified in Table M1508.2 or
M1508.3, as applicable. Manufacturers' fan flow ratings shall
be determined according to HVI 916 (April 1995) or AMCA 210.
M1508.4.2 Fan Noise. Whole house fans located 4 feet or less
from the interior grille shall have a sone rating of 1.0 or
less measured at 0.1 inches water gauge. Manufacturer's noise
ratings shall be determined as per HVI 915 (October 1995).
Remotely mounted fans shall be acoustically isolated from the
structural elements of the building and from attached duct
work using insulated flexible duct or other approved material.
M1508.4.3 Exhaust Ducts. All exhaust ducts shall terminate
outside the building. Exhaust ducts shall be equipped with
back-draft dampers. All exhaust ducts in unconditioned spaces
shall be insulated to a minimum of R-4.
M1508.4.4 Outdoor Air Inlets. Outdoor air shall be
distributed to each habitable room by individual outdoor air
inlets. Where outdoor air supplies are separated from exhaust
points by doors, provisions shall be made to ensure air flow
by installation of distribution ducts, undercutting doors,
installation of grilles, transoms, or similar means. Doors
shall be undercut to a minimum of 1/2 inch above the surface
of the finish floor covering.
Individual room outdoor air inlets shall:
1. Have controllable and secure openings;
2. Be sleeved or otherwise designed so as not to compromise the thermal properties of the wall or window in which they are placed;
3. Provide not less than 4 square inches of net free area of opening for each habitable space. Any inlet or combination of inlets which provide 10 cfm at 10 Pascals as determined by the Home Ventilating Institute Air Flow Test Standard (HVI 901 November 1996) are deemed equivalent to 4 square inches net free area.
Inlets shall be screened or otherwise protected from entry by leaves or other material. Outdoor air inlets shall be located so as not to take air from the following areas:
1. Closer than 10 feet from an appliance vent outlet, unless such vent outlet is 3 feet above the outdoor air inlet.
2. Where it will pick up objectionable odors, fumes or flammable vapors.
3. A hazardous or unsanitary location.
4. A room or space having any fuel-burning appliances therein.
5. Closer than 10 feet from a vent opening of a plumbing drainage system unless the vent opening is at least 3 feet above the air inlet.
6. Attic, crawl spaces, or garages.
M1508.5 Whole House Ventilation Integrated With a Forced-Air
System. This section establishes minimum prescriptive
requirements for whole house ventilation systems integrated
with forced-air ventilation systems. A system which meets all
the requirements of this section shall be deemed to satisfy
the requirements for a whole house ventilation system.
M1508.5.1 Integrated Whole House Ventilation Systems.
Integrated whole house ventilation systems shall provide
outdoor air at the rate calculated using Section M1508.2 or
M1508.3, as applicable. Integrated forced-air ventilation
systems shall distribute outdoor air to each habitable room
through the forced-air system ducts. Integrated forced-air
ventilation systems shall have an outdoor air inlet duct
connecting a terminal element on the outside of the building
to the return air plenum of the forced-air system, at a point
within 4 feet upstream of the air handler. The outdoor air
inlet duct connection to the return air stream shall be
located upstream of the forced-air system blower and shall not
be connected directly into a furnace cabinet to prevent
thermal shock to the heat exchanger. The system will be
equipped with a motorized damper connected to the automatic
ventilation control as specified in Section M1508.5.2. The
required flow rate shall be verified by field testing with a
flow hood or a flow measuring station.
M1508.5.2 Ventilation Duct Insulation. All supply ducts in
the conditioned space shall be insulated to a minimum of R-4.
M1508.5.3 Outdoor Air Inlets. Inlets shall be screened or
otherwise protected from entry by leaves or other material. Outdoor air inlets shall be located so as not to take air from
the following areas:
1. Closer than 10 feet from an appliance vent outlet, unless such vent outlet is 3 feet above the outdoor air inlet.
2. Where it will pick up objectionable odors, fumes or flammable vapors.
3. A hazardous or unsanitary location.
4. A room or space having any fuel-burning appliances therein.
5. Closer than 10 feet from a vent opening of a plumbing drainage system unless the vent opening is at least 3 feet above the air inlet.
6. Attic, crawl spaces, or garages.
M1508.6 Whole House Ventilation Using a Supply Fan. This
section establishes minimum prescriptive requirements for
whole house ventilation systems using an inline supply fan. A
system which meets all the requirements of this section shall
be deemed to satisfy the requirements for a whole house
ventilation system.
M1508.6.1 Outdoor Air. Supply fan ventilation systems shall
distribute outdoor air to each habitable room through the
forced-air system ducts or through dedicated ducts to each
habitable room. Supply fans shall have the capacity to
provide the amount of outdoor air specified in Table M1508.2
or M1508.3, as applicable, at 0.40 inches water gauge as per
HVI 916 (April 1995). The outdoor air must be filtered before
it is delivered to habitable rooms. The filter may be located
at the intake device, in line with the fan, or, in the case of
a connection to the return plenum of the air handler, using
the furnace filter. An outdoor air inlet shall be connected
to either the supply or return air stream.
M1508.6.2 Ducts. An outdoor air inlet duct connection to the
supply air stream shall be located downstream of the
forced-air system blower. An outdoor air inlet duct
connection to the return air stream shall be located at least
4 feet upstream of the forced-air system blower and its
filter. Neither type of duct shall be connected directly into
a furnace cabinet to prevent thermal shock to the heat
exchanger. The outdoor air inlet duct shall be prescriptively
sized in accordance with Table M1508.6.2. The terminal
element on the outside of the building shall be sized 2 inches
in diameter larger than the outdoor air inlet duct.
((TABLE M1508.6.2
PRESCRIPTIVE SUPPLY FAN DUCT SIZING
1. A calibrated manual volume damper installed and set to meet the measured flow rates specified in Table M1508.3 by field testing with a pressure gauge and/or following manufacturer's installation instructions; or
2. A manual volume damper installed and set to meet the measured flow rates specified in Table M1508.3 by field testing with a flow hood or a flow measuring station; or
3. An automatic flow-regulating device sized to the specified flow rates in Table M1508.2 which provides constant flow over a pressure range of 0.20 to 0.60 inches water gauge.
M1508.6.4 Ventilation Duct Insulation. All supply ducts in
the conditioned space shall be insulated to a minimum of R-4.
M1508.6.5 Outdoor Air Inlets. Inlets shall be screened or
otherwise protected from entry by leaves or other material. Outdoor air inlets shall be located so as not to take air from
the following areas:
1. Closer than 10 feet from an appliance vent outlet, unless such vent outlet is 3 feet above the outdoor air inlet.
2. Where it will pick up objectionable odors, fumes or flammable vapors.
3. A hazardous or unsanitary location.
4. A room or space having any fuel-burning appliances therein.
5. Closer than 10 feet from a vent opening of a plumbing drainage system unless the vent opening is at least 3 feet above the air inlet.
6. Attic, crawl spaces, or garages.
M1508.7 Whole House Ventilation Using a Heat Recovery
Ventilation System. This section establishes minimum
prescriptive requirements for whole house ventilation using a
heat recovery ventilation system.
M1508.7.1 Heat Recovery Ventilation Systems. All duct work in
heat recovery systems shall be sized and installed per the
manufacturer's instructions. System minimum flow rating shall
be not less than that specified in Table M1508.2 or M1508.3,
as applicable. Heat recovery ventilation systems shall have a
filter on the upstream side of the heat exchanger in both the
intake and exhaust airstreams with a minimum efficiency
ratings value (MERV) of 6.
M1508.7.2 Ventilation Duct Insulation. All supply ducts in
the conditioned space installed upstream of the heat exchanger
shall be insulated to a minimum of R-4.
M1508.7.3 Outdoor Air Inlets. Inlets shall be screened or
otherwise protected from entry by leaves or other material. Outdoor air inlets shall be located so as not to take air from
the following areas:
1. Closer than 10 feet from an appliance vent outlet, unless such vent outlet is 3 feet above the outdoor air inlet.
2. Where it will pick up objectionable odors, fumes or flammable vapors.
3. A hazardous or unsanitary location.
4. A room or space having any fuel-burning appliances therein.
5. Closer than 10 feet from a vent opening of a plumbing drainage system unless the vent opening is at least 3 feet above the air inlet.
6. Attic, crawl spaces, or garages.))
[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.031, 19.27.035, 19.27.074, and chapters 19.27 and 34.05 RCW. 12-07-019, § 51-51-1508, filed 3/12/12, effective 4/12/12. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.031 and 19.27.074. 10-03-098, § 51-51-1508, filed 1/20/10, effective 7/1/10.]
M1601.1.1 Above-ground duct systems. Above-ground duct
systems shall conform to the following:
1. Equipment connected to duct systems shall be designed to limit discharge air temperature to a maximum of 250°F (121°C).
2. Factory-made air ducts shall be constructed of Class 0 or Class 1 materials as designated in Table M1601.1.1(1).
3. Fibrous duct construction shall conform to the SMACNA Fibrous Glass Duct Construction Standards or NAIMA Fibrous Glass Duct Construction Standards.
4. Minimum thickness of metal duct material shall be as listed in Table M1601.1.1(2). Galvanized steel shall conform to ASTM A 653. Metallic ducts shall be fabricated in accordance with SMACNA Duct Construction Standards Metal and Flexible.
5. Use of gypsum products to construct return air ducts or plenums is permitted, provided that the air temperature does not exceed 125°F (52°C) and exposed surfaces are not subject to condensation.
6. Duct systems shall be constructed of materials having a flame spread index not greater than 200.
7. Stud wall cavities and the spaces between solid floor joists shall not be used as a duct or an air plenum in new construction. For existing systems, stud wall cavities and the spaces between solid floor joists to be used as air plenums shall comply with the following:
7.1. These cavities or spaces shall not be used as a plenum for supply air.
7.2. These cavities or spaces shall not be part of a required fire-resistance-rated assembly.
7.3. Stud wall cavities shall not convey air from more than one floor level.
7.4. Stud wall cavities and joist-space plenums shall be isolated from adjacent concealed spaces by tight-fitting fire blocking in accordance with Section R602.8.
7.5. Stud wall cavities in the outside walls of building envelope assemblies shall not be utilized as air plenums.
[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.031 and 19.27.074. 10-03-098, § 51-51-1600, filed 1/20/10, effective 7/1/10.]
M1701.1 Scope. Solid-fuel-burning appliances shall be
provided with combustion air in accordance with the appliance
manufacturer's installation instructions. Oil-fired
appliances shall be provided with combustion air in accordance
with NFPA 31. The methods of providing combustion air in this
chapter do not apply to fireplaces, fireplace stoves and
direct-vent appliances. The requirements for combustion and
dilution air for gas-fired appliances shall be in accordance
with Chapter 24.
Fireplaces shall comply with ((Section 1001)) Chapter 10.
[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.031 and 19.27.074. 10-03-098, § 51-51-1700, filed 1/20/10, effective 7/1/10.]
SECTION M2001 -- BOILERS, is not adopted.
SECTION M2002 -- OPERATING AND SAFETY CONTROLS, is not adopted.
SECTION M2003 -- EXPANSION TANKS, is not adopted.))
[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.031 and 19.27.074. 04-01-109, § 51-51-2000, filed 12/17/03, effective 7/1/04.]
STANDARD TEST METHOD FOR PARTICULATE EMISSIONS FROM FIREPLACES
Standard is located in International Building Code, Chapter 35))
[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.031 and 19.27.074. 10-03-098, amended and recodified as § 51-51-4400, filed 1/20/10, effective 7/1/10. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.074, 19.27.020, and chapters 19.27 and 34.05 RCW. 07-01-090, § 51-51-4300, filed 12/19/06, effective 7/1/07. Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.031 and 19.27.074. 04-01-109, § 51-51-4300, filed 12/17/03, effective 7/1/04.]
((AR105.1 General. Where installed, residential fire
sprinkler systems, or portions thereof, shall be in accordance
with NFPA 13D or Appendix R, which shall be considered
equivalent to NFPA 13D. Appendix R shall apply to stand-alone
and multipurpose wet-pipe sprinkler systems that do not
include the use of antifreeze. A multipurpose fire sprinkler
system shall supply domestic water to both fire sprinklers and
plumbing fixtures. A stand-alone sprinkler system shall be
separate and independent from the water distribution system.
AR105.1.1 Required sprinkler locations. Sprinklers shall be
installed to protect all areas of a dwelling unit.
AR105.2.1 Temperature rating and separation from heat sources.
Except as provided for in Section AR105.2.2, sprinklers shall
have a temperature rating of not less than 135°F (57°C) and
not more than 170°F (77°C). Sprinklers shall be separated
from heat sources as required by the sprinkler manufacturer's
installation instructions.
AR105.2.2 Intermediate temperature sprinklers. Sprinklers
shall have an intermediate temperature rating not less than
175°F (79°C) and not more than 225°F (107°C) where installed in
the following locations:
1. Directly under skylights, where the sprinkler is exposed to direct sunlight.
2. In attics.
3. In concealed spaces located directly beneath a roof.
4. Within the distance to a heat source as specified in Table AR105.2.2.
AR105.2.3 Freezing areas. Piping shall be protected from
freezing. Where sprinklers are required in areas that are
subject to freezing, dry-side-wall or dry-pendent sprinklers
extending from a nonfreezing area into a freezing area shall
be installed.
((TABLE AR105.2.2
LOCATIONS WHERE INTERMEDIATE TEMPERATURE
SPRINKLERS ARE REQUIRED
(inches) |
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AR105.2.4.1 Coverage area limit. The area of coverage of a
single sprinkler shall not exceed 400 square feet (37 m2) and
shall be based on the sprinkler listing and the sprinkler
manufacturer's installation instructions.
AR105.2.4.2 Obstructions to coverage. Sprinkler discharge
shall not be blocked by obstructions unless additional
sprinklers are installed to protect the obstructed area.
Sprinkler separation from obstructions shall comply with the
minimum distances specified in the sprinkler manufacturer's
instructions.
AR105.2.4.2.1 Additional requirements for pendent sprinklers.
Pendent sprinklers within 3 feet (915 mm) of the center of a
ceiling fan, surface-mounted ceiling luminaire or similar
object shall be considered to be obstructed, and additional
sprinklers shall be installed.
AR105.2.4.2.2 Additional requirements for sidewall sprinklers.
Sidewall sprinklers within 5 feet (1524 mm) of the center of a
ceiling fan, surface-mounted ceiling luminaire or similar
object shall be considered to be obstructed, and additional
sprinklers shall be installed.
AR105.2.5 Sprinkler installation on systems assembled with
solvent cement. The solvent cementing of threaded adapter
fittings shall be completed and threaded adapters for
sprinklers shall be verified as being clear of excess cement
prior to the installation of sprinklers on systems assembled
with solvent cement.
AR105.2.6 Sprinkler modifications prohibited. Painting,
caulking or modifying of sprinklers shall be prohibited.
Sprinklers that have been painted, caulked, modified or
damaged shall be replaced with new sprinklers.
AR105.3 Sprinkler piping system. Sprinkler piping shall be
supported in accordance with the requirements for cold water
distribution piping. Sprinkler piping shall comply with all
requirements for cold water distribution piping. For
multipurpose piping systems, the sprinkler piping shall
connect to and be a part of the cold water distribution piping
system.
AR105.3.1 Nonmetallic pipe and tubing. Nonmetallic pipe and
tubing, such as CPVC and PEX, shall be listed for use in
residential fire sprinkler systems.
AR105.3.1.1 Nonmetallic pipe protection. Nonmetallic pipe and
tubing systems shall be protected from exposure to the living
space by a layer of not less than 3/8-inch (9.5 mm) thick
gypsum wallboard, 1/2-inch thick plywood (13 mm), or other
material having a 15-minute fire rating.
AR105.3.3 Single dwelling limit. Piping beyond the service
valve located at the beginning of the water distribution
system shall not serve more than one dwelling.
AR105.3.4 Drain. A means to drain the sprinkler system shall
be provided on the system side of the water distribution
shutoff valve.
AR105.4 Determining system design flow. The flow for sizing
the sprinkler piping system shall be based on the flow rating
of each sprinkler in accordance with Section AR105.4.1 and the
calculation in accordance with Section AR105.4.2.
AR105.4.1 Determining required flow rate for each sprinkler.
The minimum required flow for each sprinkler shall be
determined using the sprinkler manufacturer's published data
for the specific sprinkler model based on all of the
following:
1. The area of coverage.
2. The ceiling configuration.
3. The temperature rating.
4. Any additional conditions specified by the sprinkler manufacturer.
AR105.4.2 System design flow rate. The design flow rate for
the system shall be based on the following:
1. The design flow rate for a room having only one sprinkler shall be the flow rate required for that sprinkler, as determined by Section AR105.4.1.
2. The design flow rate for a room having two or more sprinklers shall be determined by identifying the sprinkler in that room with the highest required flow rate, based on Section AR105.4.1, and multiplying that flow rate by 2.
3. Where the sprinkler manufacturer specifies different criteria for ceiling configurations that are not smooth, flat and horizontal, the required flow rate for that room shall comply with the sprinkler manufacturer's instructions.
4. The design flow rate for the sprinkler system shall be the flow required by the room with the largest flow rate, based on Items 1, 2 and 3.
5. For the purpose of this section, it shall be permissible to reduce the design flow rate for a room by subdividing the space into two or more rooms, where each room is evaluated separately with respect to the required design flow rate. Each room shall be bounded by walls and a ceiling. Openings in walls shall have a lintel not less than 8 inches (203 mm) in depth and each lintel shall form a solid barrier between the ceiling and the top of the opening.
AR105.5 Water supply. The water supply shall provide not less
than the required design flow rate for sprinklers in
accordance with Section AR105.4.2 at a pressure not less than
that used to comply with Section AR105.6.
AR105.5.1 Water supply from individual sources. Where a
dwelling unit water supply is from a tank system, a private
well system or a combination of these, the available water
supply shall be based on the minimum pressure control setting
for the pump.
AR105.5.2 Required capacity. The water supply shall have the
capacity to provide the required design flow rate for
sprinklers for a period of time as follows:
1. 7 minutes for dwelling units one story in height and less than 2,000 square feet (186 m2) in area.
2. 10 minutes for dwelling units two or more stories in height or equal to or greater than 2,000 square feet (186 m2) in area.
Where a well system, a water supply tank system or a combination thereof is used, any combination of well capacity and tank storage shall be permitted to meet the capacity requirement.
AR105.6 Pipe sizing. The piping to sprinklers shall be sized
for the flow required by Section AR105.4.2. The flow required
to supply the plumbing fixtures shall not be required to be
added to the sprinkler design flow.
AR105.6.1 Method of sizing pipe. Piping supplying sprinklers
shall be sized using the prescriptive method in Section
AR105.6.2 or by hydraulic calculation in accordance with NFPA
13D. The minimum pipe size from the water supply source to
any sprinkler shall be 3/4 inch (19 mm) nominal. Threaded
adapter fittings at the point where sprinklers are attached to
the piping shall be a minimum of 1/2 inch (13 mm) nominal.
AR105.6.2 Prescriptive pipe sizing method. Pipe shall be
sized by determining the available pressure to offset friction
loss in piping and identifying a piping material, diameter and
length using the equation in Section AR105.6.2.1 and the
procedure in Section AR105.6.2.2.
AR105.6.2.1 Available pressure equation. The pressure
available to offset friction loss in the interior piping
system (Pt) shall be determined in accordance with Equation
AR-1.
| (( |
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Step 1 - Determine Psup
Obtain the static supply pressure that will be available from the water main from the water purveyor, or for an individual source, the available supply pressure shall be in accordance with Section AR105.5.1.
Step 2 - Determine PLsvc
Use Table P2904.6.2(1) to determine the pressure loss in the water service pipe based on the selected size of the water service.
Step 3 - Determine PLm
Use Table P2904.6.2(2) to determine the pressure loss from the water meter, based on the selected water meter size.
Step 4 - Determine PLd
Determine the pressure loss from devices other than the water meter installed in the piping system supplying sprinklers, such as pressure-reducing valves, backflow preventers, water softeners or water filters. Device pressure losses shall be based on the device manufacturer's specifications. The flow rate used to determine pressure loss shall be the rate from Section AR105.4.2, except that 5 gpm (0.3 L/S) shall be added where the device is installed in a water-service pipe that supplies more than one dwelling. As alternative to deducting pressure loss for a device, an automatic bypass valve shall be installed to divert flow around the device when a sprinkler activates.
Step 5 - Determine PLe
Use Table P2904.6.2(3) to determine the pressure loss associated with changes in elevation. The elevation used in applying the table shall be the difference between the elevation where the water source pressure was measured and the elevation of the highest sprinkler.
Step 6 - Determine Psp
Determine the maximum pressure required by any individual sprinkler based on the flow rate from Section AR105.4.1. The required pressure is provided in the sprinkler manufacturer's published data for the specific sprinkler model based on the selected flow rate.
Step 7 - Calculate Pt
Using Equation AR-1, calculate the pressure available to offset friction loss in water-distribution piping between the service valve and the sprinklers.
Step 8 - Determine the maximum allowable pipe length
Use Tables P2904.6.2(4) through P2904.6.2(9) to select a material and size for water distribution piping. The piping material and size shall be acceptable if the developed length of pipe between the service valve and the most remote sprinkler does not exceed the maximum allowable length specified by the applicable table. Interpolation of Pt between the tabular values shall be permitted.
The maximum allowable length of piping in Tables P2904.6.2(4) through P2904.6.2(9) incorporates an adjustment for pipe fittings, and no additional consideration of friction losses associated with pipe fittings shall be required.
AR105.7 Instructions and signs. An owner's manual for the
fire sprinkler system shall be provided to the owner. A sign
or valve tag shall be installed at the main shutoff valve to
the water distribution system stating the following:
"Warning, the water system for this home supplies fire
sprinklers that require certain flows and pressures to fight a
fire. Devices that restrict the flow or decrease the pressure
or automatically shutoff the water to the fire sprinkler
system, such as water softeners, filtration systems and
automatic shutoff valves, shall not be added to this system
without a review of the fire sprinkler system by a fire
protection specialist. Do not remove this sign."
AR105.8 Inspections. The water distribution system shall be
inspected in accordance with Sections AR105.8.1 and AR105.8.2.
AR105.8.1 Preconcealment Inspection. The following items
shall be verified prior to the concealment of any sprinkler
system piping:
1. Sprinklers are installed in all areas as required by Section AR105.1.1.
2. Where sprinkler water spray patterns are obstructed by construction features, luminaires or ceiling fans, additional sprinklers are installed as required by Section AR105.2.4.2.
3. Sprinklers are the correct temperature rating and are installed at or beyond the required separation distances from heat sources as required by Sections AR105.2.1 and AR105.2.2.
4. The pipe size equals or exceeds the size used in applying Tables P2904.6.2(4) through P2904.6.2(9) or, if the piping system was hydraulically calculated in accordance with Section AR105.6.1, the size used in the hydraulic calculation.
5. The pipe length does not exceed the length permitted by Tables AR105.6.2(4) through AR105.6.2(9) or, if the piping system was hydraulically calculated in accordance with Section AR105.6.1, pipe lengths and fittings do not exceed those used in the hydraulic calculation.
6. Nonmetallic piping that conveys water to sprinklers is listed for use with fire sprinklers.
7. Piping is supported in accordance with the pipe manufacturer's and sprinkler manufacturer's installation instructions.
8. The piping system is tested in accordance with the plumbing code.
AR105.8.2 Final inspection. The following items shall be
verified upon completion of the system:
1. Sprinklers are not painted, damaged or otherwise hindered from operation.
2. Where a pump is required to provide water to the system, the pump starts automatically upon system water demand.
3. Pressure-reducing valves, water softeners, water filters or other impairments to water flow that were not part of the original design have not been installed.
4. The sign or valve tag required by Section AR105.7 is installed and the owner's manual for the system is present.)) The design and installation of residential fire sprinkler systems shall be in accordance with the 2012 International Residential Code Section P2904 Dwelling Unit Fire Sprinkler Systems.
[Statutory Authority: RCW 19.27.031 and 19.27.074. 10-03-098, § 51-51-60105, filed 1/20/10, effective 7/1/10.]