PERMANENT RULES
Date Adopted: November 21, 2003.
Purpose: To repeal chapter 51-40 WAC and adopt chapter 51-50 WAC. Chapter 51-50 WAC adopts and amends the International Building Code, 2003 Edition, published by the International Code Council.
Citation of Existing Rules Affected by this Order: Repealing chapter 51-40 WAC.
Statutory Authority for Adoption: RCW 19.27.031 and 19.27.074.
Adopted under notice filed as WSR 03-18-075 on August 29, 2003.
Changes Other than Editing from Proposed to Adopted Version: Section 202, definition references added for terms contained in Section 310.2.
Section 419.4, language added to clarify that LC are treated like R-2 occupancies for separation required.
Section 419.11, exceptions revised to coordinate with Section 1208.2.
Section 707.14.1, stair shaft pressurization provisions added in Exception 5.
Section 903.2.1.2, amended to reduce occupant load to 100 for fire areas requiring sprinklers in Group A-2 occupancies.
Section 909.6.3, subsection titles added for Sections 909.6.3.1 through 909.6.3.8.
Section 1009.3, not amended; the model code language for that section is adopted.
Section 1101.2, subsection titles revised to be more descriptive for Sections 1101.2.1 through 1101.2.10.
Section 1101.2.11, adds amendment to specify location for automatic door control switches.
Section 1107.6.2.1.1, changes to 10 the number of dwelling units as which Type A units are required in Group R-2 occupancies.
Section 1208.2, Option 2 is adopted.
Number of Sections Adopted in Order to Comply with Federal Statute: New 0, Amended 0, Repealed 0; Federal Rules or Standards: New 0, Amended 0, Repealed 0; or Recently Enacted State Statutes: New 46, Amended 0, Repealed 70.
Number of Sections Adopted at Request of a Nongovernmental Entity: New 0, Amended 0, Repealed 0.
Number of Sections Adopted on the Agency's Own Initiative: New 46, Amended 0, Repealed 0.
Number of Sections Adopted in Order to Clarify, Streamline, or Reform Agency Procedures: New 0, Amended 0, Repealed 0.
Number of Sections Adopted Using Negotiated Rule Making:
New 0,
Amended 0,
Repealed 0;
Pilot Rule Making:
New 0,
Amended 0,
Repealed 0;
or Other Alternative Rule Making:
New 46,
Amended 0,
Repealed 70.
Effective Date of Rule: July 1, 2004.
November 21, 2003
Tim Nogler
for Stan Price
Council Chair
OTS-6588.4
STATE BUILDING CODE ADOPTION AND AMENDMENT OF THE 2003 EDITION OF THE INTERNATIONAL BUILDING CODE
[]
[]
[]
[]
Pursuant to RCW 19.27.040, Chapter 11 and requirements affecting barrier-free access shall not be amended by local governments.
[]
The provisions of this code do not apply to temporary growing structures used solely for the commercial production of horticultural plants including ornamental plants, flowers, vegetables, and fruits. "Temporary growing structure" means a structure that has the sides and roof covered with polyethylene, polyvinyl, or similar flexible synthetic material and is used to provide plants with either frost protection or increased heat retention. A temporary growing structure is not considered a building for purposes of this code.
The provisions of this code do not apply to the construction, alteration, or repair of temporary worker housing except as provided by rule adopted under chapter 70.114A RCW or chapter 37, Laws of 1998 (SB 6168). "Temporary worker housing" means a place, area, or piece of land where sleeping places or housing sites are provided by an employer for his or her employees or by another person, including a temporary worker housing operator, who is providing such accommodations for employees, for temporary, seasonal occupancy, and includes "labor camps" under RCW 70.54.110.
Codes referenced which are not adopted through RCW 19.27.031 or chapter 19.27A RCW shall not apply unless specifically adopted by the authority having jurisdiction.
[]
[]
RECYCLED MATERIALS means those solid wastes that are separated for recycling or reuse, such as papers, metals and glass.
All local jurisdictions shall require that space be provide for the storage of recycled materials and solid waste for all new buildings.
| EXCEPTION: | Group R-3 and Group U Occupancies. |
[]
SECTION 202 -- DEFINITIONS.
ADULT FAMILY HOME. See Section 310.2.
CHILD DAY CARE. See Section 310.2.
CHILD DAY CARE HOME, FAMILY. See Section 310.2.
PORTABLE SCHOOL CLASSROOM. See Section 902.1.
RESIDENTIAL CARE/ASSISTED LIVING FACILITIES. See Section 310.2.
[]
302.3 Mixed occupancies. Where a building is occupied by two
or more uses not included in the same occupancy
classification, the building or portion thereof shall comply
with Section 302.3.1 or 302.3.2 or a combination of these
sections.
| EXCEPTIONS: | 1. Occupancies separated in accordance with Section 508. |
| 2. Areas of Group H-2, H-3, H-4 or H-5 Occupancies shall be separated from any other occupancy in accordance with Section 302.3.2. | |
| 3. Where required by Table 415.3.2, areas of Group H-1, H-2 or H-3 Occupancies shall be located in a separate and detached building or structure. | |
| 4. Accessory use areas in accordance with Section 302.2. | |
| 5. Incidental use areas in accordance with Section 302.1.1. | |
| 6. Offices, mercantile, food preparation establishments for off-site consumption, personal care salons or similar uses in Group R dwelling units, which are conducted primarily by the occupants of a dwelling unit and are secondary to the use of the unit for dwelling purposes, and which do not exceed 500 square feet (46.4 m2). |
[]
305.2 Day Care. The use of a building or structure, or
portion thereof, for educational, supervision or personal care
services for more than five children older than 2 1/2 years of
age, shall be classified as a Group E Occupancy.
| EXCEPTION: | Family child day care homes licensed by the Washington state department of social and health services for the care of twelve or fewer children shall be classified as Group R-3. |
[]
308.2 Group I-1. This occupancy shall include buildings,
structures or parts thereof housing more than 16 persons, on a
24-hour basis, who because of age, mental disability or other
reasons, live in a supervised residential environment that
provides personal care services. The occupants are capable of
responding to an emergency situation without physical
assistance from staff. This group shall include, but not be
limited to, the following:
Residential board and care facilities
Assisted living facilities
Halfway houses
Group homes
Congregate care facilities
Social rehabilitation facilities
Alcohol and drug centers
Convalescent facilities
A facility such as the above with five or fewer persons and adult family homes licensed by the Washington state department of social and health services shall be classified as a Group R-3 or shall comply with the International Residential Code in accordance with Section 101.2. A facility such as above, housing at least six and not more than 16 persons, shall be classified as Group R-4.
A facility such as the above providing licensed care to clients in one of the categories listed in Section 313.1 regulated by either the Washington department of health or the department of social and health services shall be classified as Licensed Care Group LC.
308.3 Group I-2. This occupancy shall include buildings and
structures used for medical, surgical, psychiatric, nursing or
custodial care on a 24-hour basis of more than five persons
who are not capable of self-preservation. This group shall
include, but not be limited to, the following:
Hospitals
Nursing homes (both intermediate-care facilities and skilled nursing facilities)
Mental hospitals
Detoxification facilities
A facility such as the above with five or fewer persons shall be classified as Group R-3 or shall comply with the International Residential Code in accordance with Section 101.2.
A facility such as the above providing licensed care to clients in one of the categories listed in Section 313.1 regulated by either the Washington department of health or the department of social and health services shall be classified as Licensed Care Group LC.
308.5.2 Child care facility. A facility that provides
supervision and personal care on a less than 24-hour basis for
more than five children 2 1/2 years of age or less shall be
classified as Group I-4.
| EXCEPTIONS: | 1. A child day care facility that provides care for more than five but no more than 100 children 2 1/2 years or less of age, when the rooms where such children are cared for are located on the level of exit discharge and each of these child care rooms has an exit door directly to the exterior, shall be classified as Group E. |
| 2. Family child day care homes licensed by the Washington state department of social and health services for the care of twelve or fewer children shall be classified as Group R-3. |
[]
310.1 Residential Group R. Residential Group R includes,
among others, the use of a building or structure, or a portion
thereof, for sleeping purposes when not classified as an
Institutional Group I or Licensed Care Group LC. Residential
occupancies shall include the following:
R-1 Residential occupancies where the occupants are primarily
transient in nature, including:
Boarding houses (transient)
Hotels (transient)
Motels (transient)
R-2 Residential occupancies containing sleeping units or more
than two dwelling units where the occupants are primarily
permanent in nature, including:
Apartment houses
Boarding houses (not transient)
Convents
Dormitories
Fraternities and sororities
Monasteries
Vacation timeshare properties
Hotels (nontransient)
Motels (nontransient)
R-3 Residential occupancies where the occupants are primarily
permanent in nature and not classified as R-1, R-2, R-4 or I
and where buildings do not contain more than two dwelling
units as applicable in Section 101.2, including adult family
homes and family child day care homes for the care of twelve
or fewer children, licensed by the Washington state department
of social and health services, or adult and child care
facilities that provide accommodations for five or fewer
persons of any age for less than 24 hours. Adult family homes
and family child day care homes, or adult and child care
facilities that are within a single-family home are permitted
to comply with the International Residential Code in
accordance with Section 101.2.
Foster family care homes licensed by the Washington state
department of social and health services shall be permitted,
as an accessory use to a dwelling, for six or fewer children
including those of the resident family.
R-4 Residential occupancies shall include buildings arranged
for occupancy as residential care/assisted living facilities
including more than five but not more than 16 occupants,
excluding staff.
| EXCEPTIONS: | 1. A facility such as the above providing licensed care to clients in one of the categories listed in Section 313.1 regulated by either the Washington department of health or the department of social and health services shall be classified as Licensed Care Group LC. |
| 2. Adult family homes, family child day care homes and foster family care homes shall be classified as Group R-3. |
310.2 Definitions.
ADULT FAMILY HOME means a dwelling in which a person or persons
provide personal care, special care, room and board to more
than one but not more than six adults who are not related by
blood or marriage to the person or persons providing the
services.
CHILD DAY CARE, shall, for the purposes of these regulations,
mean the care of children during any period of a 24-hour day.
CHILD DAY CARE HOME, FAMILY is a child day care facility, licensed
by the state, located in the dwelling of the person or persons
under whose direct care and supervision the child is placed,
for the care of twelve or fewer children, including children
who reside at the home.
RESIDENTIAL CARE/ASSISTED LIVING FACILITIES. A building or part
thereof housing persons, on a 24-hour basis, who because of
age, mental disability or other reasons, live in a supervised
residential environment which provides personal care services
that is not classified as Licensed Care Group LC. The
occupants are capable of responding to an emergency situation
without physical assistance from staff. This classification
shall include, but not be limited to, the following:
Residential board and care facilities, assisted living
facilities, halfway houses, group homes, congregate care
facilities, social rehabilitation facilities, alcohol and drug
abuse centers and convalescent facilities.
[]
SECTION 313 -- LICENSED CARE GROUP LC.
313.1 General. Licensed Care Group LC includes the use of a
building, structure, or portion thereof, for the business of
providing licensed care to clients in one of the following
categories regulated by either the Washington department of
health or the department of social and health services:
1. Adult residential rehabilitation facility.
2. Alcoholism intensive inpatient treatment service.
3. Alcoholism detoxification service.
4. Alcoholism long-term treatment service.
5. Alcoholism recovery house service.
6. Boarding home.
7. Group care facility.
8. Group care facility for severely and multiple handicapped children.
9. Residential treatment facility for psychiatrically impaired children and youth.
| EXCEPTION: | Where the care provided at an alcoholism detoxification service is acute care similar to that provided in a hospital, the facility shall be classified as a Group I-2 Occupancy. |
[]
SECTION 419 -- GROUP LC.
419.1 General. Occupancies in Group LC shall comply with the
provisions of this section and other applicable provisions of
this code.
419.2 Area and height. Buildings classified as Group LC shall
not exceed, in area or height, the limitations set forth in
Table 503 for Group R-2 Occupancies.
| EXCEPTION: | Occupancies in Group LC licensed for six or fewer clients may be of unlimited area provided they are limited to 3 stories or less. |
419.4 Mixed occupancies. The code provisions applicable to
Group R-2 Occupancies shall apply to Group LC Occupancies for
purposes of determining whether a building is permitted to
comply with Section 302.3.1, Nonseparated Uses. Where the
provisions of Section 302.3.2 are applied, occupancies in
Group LC shall be separated from Group H Occupancies by a
four-hour fire-resistive occupancy separation and shall be
separated from all other occupancies by a one-hour
fire-resistive assembly.
| EXCEPTIONS: | 1. An occupancy separation need not be provided between a Group LC Occupancy licensed for 16 or fewer clients and a carport having no enclosed use above, provided the carport is entirely open on two or more sides. |
| 2. Private garages shall be separated from Group LC Occupancies and their attic areas by means of a minimum 1/2-inch (12.7 mm) gypsum board applied to the garage side. Garages beneath habitable rooms shall be separated from all habitable rooms above by not less than 5/8-inch Type-X gypsum board or equivalent. Door openings between private garages and Group LC Occupancies shall be equipped with either solid wood doors, or solid or honeycomb core steel doors not less than 1 3/8 inches (34.9 mm) thick, or doors in compliance with Section 715.3.3. Openings from a private garage directly into a room used for sleeping purposes shall not be permitted. | |
| 3. An occupancy separation need not be provided between a Group LC, Boarding Home Occupancy and a Group R-2 Occupancy. |
I - Persons physically and mentally capable of walking or traversing a normal path to safety, including the ascent and descent of stairs, and capable of self-preservation, without the physical assistance of another person.
II - Persons physically and mentally capable of
traversing a normal path to safety with the use of mobility
aids, but unable to ascend or descend stairs without the
physical assistance of another person.
III - Persons physically or mentally unable to walk or
traverse a normal path to safety without the physical
assistance of another person.
419.6 Location of sleeping rooms. In every Group LC facility,
all sleeping rooms occupied by clients with an evacuation
capability of II or III shall be located on a grade level
floor which provides not less than two means of egress which
do not require clients to use stairs, elevator, or platform
lift to exit the facility.
| EXCEPTIONS: | 1. In a Group LC Occupancy licensed to provide care to two or fewer clients with an evacuation capability of II or III and six or fewer total clients, only one means of egress which does not require clients to use stairs, elevator or platform lift to exit the facility need be provided. |
| 2. Sleeping rooms for clients with an evacuation capability of II or III may be located on floors other than at grade level, provided the facility is divided into at least two compartments by smoke barriers. |
| EXCEPTIONS: | 1. Means of egress illumination required by Section 1006 need not be provided in any Group LC Occupancy licensed for six or fewer clients. |
| 2. In LC Occupancies with an approved automatic fire sprinkler system and approved automatic fire alarm system, waiting and resting areas may be open to the corridor provided: | |
| 2.1 Each rest area does not exceed 150 square feet, excluding the corridor width; and | |
| 2.2 Walls defining the space shall continue the construction of the corridor's wall; and | |
| 2.3 The floor on which the rest area or areas are located is divided into at least two compartments by smoke barriers; and | |
| 2.4 Combustible furnishings located within the rest area are flame resistant as defined by International Building Code Section 802; and | |
| 2.5 Emergency means of egress lighting is provided as required by Section 1006 to illuminate the area. |
Where an occupancy in Group LC is being established by change of occupancy in an existing building, the building shall be altered to comply with apartment building or dormitory provisions of Chapter 11 if any client is a person with disability. The alterations shall provide the minimum necessary access appropriate for the disabilities of clients. Any alteration, whether to accommodate a client with disability or for another purpose, shall comply with Section 3409.
419.9 Lighting. Occupancies in Group LC shall be provided
with light as required by Section 1205 for dwelling units and
exterior stairways serving dwelling units.
419.10 Ventilation. Occupancies in Group LC shall comply with
provisions for Group R Occupancies as provided in the
Washington State Ventilation and Indoor Air Quality Code.
419.11 Ceiling heights. Habitable rooms, hallways, corridors,
bathrooms, toilet rooms, laundry rooms and basements shall
have a ceiling height of not less than 7 feet (2134 mm). The
required height shall be measured from the finished floor to
the lowest projection from the ceiling.
| EXCEPTIONS: | 1. In one- and two-family dwellings, beams or girders spaced not less than 4 feet (1219 mm) on center and projecting not more than 6 inches (152 mm) below the required ceiling height. |
| 2. If any room in a building has a sloped ceiling, the prescribed ceiling height for the room is required in one-half the area thereof. Any portion of the room measuring less than 5 feet (1524 mm) from the finished floor to the ceiling shall not be included in any computation of the minimum area thereof. | |
| 3. Mezzanines constructed in accordance with Section 505.1. |
| EXCEPTION: | An automatic sprinkler system need not be installed if the licensed care facility is licensed for six or fewer clients. |
419.14 Single- and multiple-station smoke alarms. Listed
single- and multiple-station smoke alarms shall be installed
in accordance with the provisions of this code and the
household fire-warning equipment provisions of NFPA 72.
419.14.1 Where required. Single- or multiple-station smoke
alarms shall be installed and maintained in Group LC,
regardless of occupant load at all of the following locations:
1. On the ceiling or wall outside of each separate
sleeping area in the immediate vicinity of bedrooms.
2. In each room used for sleeping purposes.
3. In each story, including basements but not including crawl spaces and uninhabitable attics. In buildings with split levels and without an intervening door between the adjacent levels, a smoke alarm installed on the upper level shall suffice for the adjacent lower level provided that the lower level is less than one full story below the upper level.
419.14.2 Power source. In new construction, required smoke
alarms shall receive their primary power from the building
wiring where such wiring is served from a commercial source
and shall be equipped with a battery backup. Smoke alarms
shall emit a signal when the batteries are low. Wiring shall
be permanent and without a disconnecting switch other than as
required for overcurrent protection.
419.14.3 Interconnection. Where more than one smoke alarm is
required to be installed within an individual Group LC
Occupancy, the smoke alarms shall be interconnected in such a
manner that the activation of one alarm will activate all of
the alarms in the Group LC Occupancy. The alarm shall be
clearly audible in all bedrooms over background noise levels
with all intervening doors closed.
419.14.4 Additions, alterations or repairs. When the
valuation of an addition, alteration or repair to a Group LC
Occupancy exceeds $1,000 and a permit is required, or when one
or more sleeping rooms is added or created in an existing
Group LC Occupancy, smoke alarms shall be installed in
accordance with Sections 419.14.1 and 419.14.2.
| EXCEPTION: | Repairs to the exterior surfaces are exempt from the requirements of this section. |
419.15.1 General. Sanitation facilities shall comply with
Chapter 29 and the provisions of this section. Any room in
which a water closet is located shall be separated from food
preparation or storage rooms by a self-closing tight-fitting
door.
419.15.2 Group LC Occupancies with six or fewer clients.
Group LC Occupancies licensed for six or fewer clients shall
be provided with not less than one water closet, one lavatory
and one bathtub or shower.
419.15.3 Group LC Occupancies with more than six clients.
Group LC Occupancies licensed for more than six clients shall
provide not less than one water closet for each 10 male
clients, or fractional part thereof, and not less than one
water closet for each 8 female clients, or fractional part
thereof.
In addition, not less than one lavatory shall be provided for each 12 male clients, or fractional part thereof, and not less than one lavatory for each 12 female clients, or fractional part thereof. Where the number of clients of either sex exceeds 12, one lavatory shall be added for each additional 20 males, or fractional part thereof, and one lavatory shall be added for each additional 15 females, or fractional part thereof.
In addition, not less than one bathtub or shower shall be provided for every eight clients, or fractional part thereof. Where there are female clients, one additional bathtub or shower shall be provided for each 30 female clients, or fractional part thereof. Where the number of total clients exceeds 150, one bathtub or shower shall be provided for each 20 clients, or fractional part thereof, over 150 clients.
419.16 Concealed spaces. Fireblocking and draftstopping shall
be installed in occupancies in Group LC in accordance with the
provisions of Section 717 applicable to Group R-2.
[]
707.14.1 Elevator lobby. Elevators opening into a
fire-resistance-rated corridor as required by Section 1016.1
shall be provided with an elevator lobby at each floor
containing such a corridor. The lobby shall separate the
elevators from the corridor by fire partitions and the
required opening protection. Elevator lobbies shall have at
least one means of egress complying with Chapter 10 and other
provisions within this code.
| EXCEPTIONS: | 1. In office buildings, separations are not required from a street-floor elevator lobby provided the entire street floor is equipped with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1. |
| 2. Elevators not required to be located in a shaft in accordance with Section 707.2. | |
| 3. Where additional doors are provided in accordance with Section 3002.6. Such doors shall be tested in accordance with UL 1784 without an artificial bottom seal. | |
| 4. In other than Group I-3, and buildings more than four stories above the lowest level of fire department vehicle access, lobby separation is not required where the building, including the lobby and corridors leading to the lobby, is protected by an automatic sprinkler system installed throughout in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1 or 903.3.1.2. | |
| 5. In fully sprinklered buildings where elevator and stair shafts are pressurized in accordance with Section 909, elevator lobbies need not be provided. The pressurized stair shafts shall comply with the standards for elevator shaft pressurization in Section 909.6.3. |
[]
902.1 Definitions.
PORTABLE SCHOOL CLASSROOM. A structure, transportable in one or
more sections, which requires a chassis to be transported, and
is designed to be used as an educational space with or without
a permanent foundation. The structure shall be trailerable
and capable of being demounted and relocated to other
locations as needs arise.
[]
903.2.1.2 Group A-2. An automatic sprinkler system shall be
provided for Group A-2 Occupancies where one of the following
conditions exists:
1. The fire area exceeds 5,000 square feet (464.5 m2).
2. The fire area has an occupant load of 100 or more.
3. The fire area is located on a floor other than the level of exit discharge.
903.2.2 Group E. An automatic sprinkler system shall be
provided for Group E Occupancies as follows:
1. Throughout all Group E fire areas greater than 20,000 square feet (1858 m2) in area.
2. Throughout every portion of educational buildings below the level of exit discharge.
| EXCEPTION: | An automatic sprinkler system is not required in any fire area or area below the level of exit discharge where every classroom throughout the building has at least one exterior exit door at ground level. |
For the purpose of this section, additions exceeding 60 percent of the value of such building or structure, or alterations and repairs to any portion of a building or structure within a twelve-month period that exceeds 100 percent of the value of such building or structure shall be considered new construction. In the case of additions, fire walls shall define separate buildings.
| EXCEPTIONS: | 1. Portable school classrooms, provided aggregate area of clusters of portable school classrooms does not exceed 5,000 square feet (1465 m2); and clusters of portable school classrooms shall be separated as required in Chapter 5 of the building code. |
| 2. Group E day care. |
903.2.10.3 Buildings over 75 feet in height. An automatic
sprinkler system shall be installed throughout buildings with
a floor level having an occupant load of 30 or more that is
located 75 feet (22 860 mm) or more above the lowest level of
fire department vehicle access.
| EXCEPTIONS: | 1. Airport control towers. |
| 2. Open parking structures. | |
| 3. Occupancies in Group F-2. |
[]
909.6.3 Elevator shaft pressurization. Where elevator shaft
pressurization is required to comply with Exception 5 of
Section 707.14.1, the pressurization system shall comply with
the following.
909.6.3.1 Standards and testing. Elevator shafts shall be
pressurized to not less than 0.10 inch water column relative
to atmospheric pressure. Elevator pressurization shall be
measured with the elevator cars at the designated primary
recall level with the doors in the open position. The test
shall be conducted at the location of the calculated maximum
positive stack effect in the elevator shaft. The measured
pressure shall be sufficient to provide 0.10 inch of water
column as well as accounting for the stack and wind effect
expected on the mean low temperature January day.
909.6.3.2 Activation. The elevator shaft pressurization
system shall be activated by a fire alarm system which shall
include smoke detectors or other approved detectors located
near the elevator shaft on each floor as approved by the
building official and fire chief. If the building has a fire
alarm panel, detectors shall be connected to, with power
supplied by, the fire alarm panel.
909.6.3.3 Separation. Elevator shaft pressurization equipment
and its ductwork located within the building shall be
separated from other portions of the building by construction
equal to that required for the elevator shaft.
909.6.3.4 Location of intakes. Elevator shaft pressurization
air intakes shall be located in accordance with Section
909.10.3. Such intakes shall be provided with smoke detectors
which upon detection of smoke, shall deactivate the
pressurization fan supplied by that air intake.
909.6.3.5 Power system. The power source for the fire alarm
system and the elevator shaft pressurization system shall be
in accordance with Section 909.11.
909.6.3.6 Hoistway venting. Hoistway venting required by
Section 3004 need not be provided for pressurized elevator
shafts.
909.6.3.7 Machine rooms. Elevator machine rooms required to
be pressurized by Section 3006.3 need not be pressurized where
separated from the hoistway shaft by construction in
accordance with Section 707.
909.6.3.8 Special inspection. Special inspection shall be
required in accordance with Section 909.18.8.3 and Section
1704.
[]
1008.1.2 Door swing. Egress doors shall be side-hinged
swinging.
| EXCEPTIONS: | 1. Private garages, office areas, factory and storage areas with an occupant load of 10 or less. |
| 2. Group I-3 Occupancies used as a place of detention. | |
| 3. Doors within or serving a single dwelling unit in Groups R-2 and R-3 as applicable in Section 101.2. | |
| 4. In other than Group H Occupancies, revolving doors complying with Section 1008.1.3.1. | |
| 5. In other than Group H Occupancies, horizontal sliding doors complying with Section 1008.1.3.3 are permitted as a means of egress. | |
| 6. Power-operated doors in accordance with Section 1008.1.3.1. |
The opening force for interior side-swinging doors without closers shall not exceed a 5-pound force. For other side-swinging, sliding, and folding doors, the door latch shall release when subjected to a 15-pound force. The door shall be set in motion when subjected to a 30-pound force. The door shall swing to a full-open position when subjected to a 15-pound force. Forces shall be applied to the latch side. Within an accessible route, at exterior doors where environmental conditions require a closing pressure greater than 8.5 pounds, power operated doors shall be used within the accessible route of travel.
[]
1009.13 Stairs or ladders within an individual dwelling unit
used to gain access to areas of 200 square feet (18.6 m2) or
less, and not containing the primary bathroom or kitchen, are
exempt from the requirements of Section 1009.
[]
1010.8 Handrails. Ramps with a rise greater than 6 inches
(152 mm) shall have handrails on both sides complying with
Section 1009.11. At least one handrail shall extend in the
direction of ramp run not less than 12 inches (305 mm)
horizontally beyond the top and bottom of the ramp runs.
[]
1024.11 Assembly aisle walking surfaces. Aisles with a slope
not exceeding one unit vertical in eight units horizontal
(12.5-percent slope) shall consist of a ramp having a
slip-resistant walking surface. Aisles with a slope exceeding
one unit vertical in eight units horizontal (12.5-percent
slope) shall consist of a series of risers and treads that
extends across the full width of aisles and complies with
Sections 1024.11.1 through 1024.11.3.
| EXCEPTION: | When provided with fixed seating, aisles in Group A-1 Occupancies shall be permitted to have a slope not steeper than one unit vertical in five units horizontal (20-percent slope). |
| EXCEPTIONS: | 1. Handrails are not required for ramped aisles having a gradient no greater than one unit vertical in five units horizontal (20-percent slope) and seating on both sides. |
| 2. Handrails are not required if, at the side of the aisle, there is a guard that complies with the graspability requirements of handrails. |
[]
1101.2 Design. Buildings and facilities shall be designed and
constructed to be accessible in accordance with this code and
ICC A117.1, except those portions of ICC A117.1 amended by
this section.
1101.2.1 (ICC A117.1 Section 403) Landings for walking
surfaces. The maximum rise for any run is 30 inches (762 mm).
Landings shall be provided at the top and bottom of any run.
Landings shall be level and have a minimum dimension measured
in the direction of travel of not less than 60 inches (1525
mm).
1101.2.2 (ICC A117.1 Section 403.5) Clear width of accessible
route. Clear width of an accessible route shall comply with
ICC A117.1 Table 403.5. For exterior routes of travel, the
minimum clear width shall be 44 inches (1118 mm).
1101.2.3 (ICC A117.1 Section 404.2.9) Door-opening force.
Fire doors shall have the minimum opening force allowable by
the appropriate administrative authority. The maximum force
for pushing open or pulling open doors other than fire doors
shall be as follows:
1. Interior hinged door: 5.0 pounds (22.2 N)
2. Sliding or folding doors: 5.0 pounds (22.2 N)
At exterior doors where environmental conditions require a closing pressure greater than 8.5 pounds, power operated doors shall be used within the accessible route of travel.
These forces do not apply to the force required to retract latch bolts or disengage other devices that hold the door in a closed position.
1101.2.4 (ICC A117.1 Section 502.6) Identification of
accessible parking spaces. Where accessible parking spaces
are required to be identified by signs, the signs shall
include the International Symbol of Accessibility complying
with ICC A117.1 Section 703.7. Such signs shall be 60 inches
(1525 mm) minimum above the floor or ground surface of the
parking space, measured to the bottom of the sign. Van
accessible parking spaces shall have an additional sign
mounted below the International Symbol of Accessibility
identifying the spaces as "Van Accessible."
1101.2.5 (ICC A117.1 Section 603.4) Coat hooks, shelves,
dispensers, and other fixtures. Coat hooks provided within
toilet rooms shall accommodate a forward reach or side reach
complying with ICC A117.1 Section 308. Where provided,
shelves shall be installed so that the top of the shelf is 40
inches (1015 mm) maximum above the floor or ground. Drying
equipment, towel or other dispensers, and disposal fixtures
shall be located 40 inches (1015 mm) maximum above the floor
or ground to any rack, operating controls, receptacle or
dispenser.
1101.2.6 (ICC A117.1 Section 604.6) Flush controls. Flush
controls shall be hand operated or automatic. Hand operated
flush controls for water closets shall be mounted for use from
the wide side of the water closet area and not more than 44
inches (1118 mm) above the floor.
1101.2.7 (ICC A117.1 Section 604.7) Toilet paper dispensers.
Toilet paper dispensers shall comply with ICC A117.1 Section
309.4 and shall be 7 inches (180 mm) minimum and 9 inches (230
mm) maximum in front of the water closet. The outlet of the
dispenser shall be 15 inches (380 mm) minimum and 48 inches
(1015 mm) maximum above the floor or ground. There shall be a
clearance of 1 1/2 inches (38 mm) minimum below and 12 inches
(305 mm) minimum above the grab bar. Dispensers shall not be
of a type that control delivery, or that do not allow
continuous paper flow. Other dispensers, and disposal
fixtures shall be located 40 inches (1015 mm) maximum above
the floor or ground to any rack, operating controls,
receptacle or dispenser.
1101.2.8 (ICC A117.1 Section 609.2) Grab bars size. Grab bars
shall have an outside diameter of not less than 1 1/4 inch (32
mm) nor more than 1 1/2 inches (38 mm) and shall provide a
clearance of 1 1/2 inches (38 mm) between the grab bar and the
wall.
1101.2.9 (ICC A117.1 Section 703.7.2.1) International Symbol
of Accessibility. Where the International Symbol of
Accessibility is required, it shall be proportioned complying
with ICC A117.1 Figure 703.7.2.1. All interior and exterior
signs depicting the International Symbol of Accessibility
shall be white on a blue background.
1101.2.10 (ICC A117.1 Section 802.8) Lines of sight. Wheelchair spaces shall be located in places with unobstructed
sight lines.
1101.2.11 (ICC A117.1 Section 404.3.5) Control switches.
Control switches shall be mounted 36 inches above the floor
and not less than 18 inches nor more than 36 inches
horizontally from the nearest point of travel of the moving
doors.
[]
1103.2.15 Modifications. Where full compliance with this
chapter is impractical due to unique characteristics of the
terrain, the building official is permitted to grant
modifications in accordance with Section 104.10, provided that
any portion of the building or structure that can be made
accessible shall be made accessible to the greatest extent
practical.
[]
1104.4 Multilevel buildings and facilities. At least one
accessible route shall connect each accessible level,
including mezzanines, in multilevel buildings and facilities.
| EXCEPTIONS: | 1. An accessible route is not required to stories and mezzanines above and below accessible levels that have an aggregate area of not more than 3,000 square feet. This exception shall not apply to: |
| 1.1 Multiple tenant facilities of Group M Occupancies containing five or more tenant spaces; | |
| 1.2 Levels containing offices of health care providers (Group B or I); | |
| 1.3 Passenger transportation facilities and airports (Group A-3 or B); | |
| 1.4 Buildings owned or leased by government agencies. | |
| 2. In Group A, I, R and S Occupancies, levels that do not contain accessible elements or other spaces required by Section 1107 or 1108 are not required to be served by an accessible route from an accessible level. | |
| 3. In air traffic control towers, an accessible route is not required to serve the cab and floor immediately below the cab. | |
| 4. Where a two-story building or facility has one story with an occupant load of five or fewer persons that does not contain public use space, that story shall not be required to be connected by an accessible route to the story above or below. |
[]
1105.1 Public entrances. In addition to accessible entrances
required by Sections 1105.1.1 through 1105.1.6, at least 50
percent of all public entrances shall be accessible. All
exterior exits that are located adjacent to accessible areas
and within 6 inches (152 mm) of grade shall be accessible.
| EXCEPTIONS: | 1. An accessible entrance is not required in areas not required to be accessible. |
| 2. Loading and service entrances that are not the only entrance to a tenant space. |
[]
1106.3 Outpatient medical care facilities. For Group I-1 and
I-2 Occupancies providing outpatient medical care facilities,
10 percent, but not less than one, of the parking spaces
provided accessory to such occupancies shall be accessible.
1106.4 Inpatient and outpatient medical care facilities. For
Group I-1 and I-2 units and facilities specializing in the
treatment of persons with mobility impairments on either an
inpatient or outpatient basis, 20 percent, but not less than
one, of the parking spaces provided accessory to such units
and facilities shall be accessible.
1106.6 Location. Accessible parking spaces shall be located
on the shortest accessible route of travel from adjacent
parking to an accessible building entrance. Accessible
parking spaces shall be dispersed among the various types of
parking facilities provided. In parking facilities that do
not serve a particular building, accessible parking spaces
shall be located on the shortest route to an accessible
pedestrian entrance to the parking facility. Where buildings
have multiple accessible entrances with adjacent parking,
accessible parking spaces shall be dispersed and located near
the accessible entrances. Wherever practical, the accessible
route of travel shall not cross lanes of vehicular traffic.
Where crossing traffic lanes is necessary, the route of travel
shall be designated and marked as a crosswalk.
| EXCEPTION: | In multilevel parking structures, van accessible parking spaces are permitted on one level. |
[]
1107.6 Group R. Occupancies in Group R shall be provided with
accessible features in accordance with Sections 1107.6.1
through 1107.6.4. Accessible and Type A units shall be
apportioned among efficiency dwelling units, single bedroom
units and multiple bedroom units, in proportion to the numbers
of such units in the building. Accessible hotel guest rooms
shall be apportioned among the various classes of sleeping
accommodations.
1107.6.2.1.1 Type A units. In occupancies in Group R-2
containing more than 10 dwelling units or sleeping units, at
least 5 percent, but not less than one, of the units shall be
a Type A unit. All units on a site shall be considered to
determine the total number of units and the required number of
Type A units. Type A units shall be dispersed among the
various classes of units.
| EXCEPTIONS: | 1. The number of Type A units is permitted to be reduced in accordance with Section 1107.7. |
| 2. Existing structures on a site shall not contribute to the total number of units on a site. |
[]
1109.2 Toilet and bathing facilities. Toilet rooms and
bathing facilities shall be accessible. Where a floor level
is not required to be connected by an accessible route, the
only toilet rooms or bathing facilities provided within the
facility shall not be located on the inaccessible floor. At
least one of each type of fixture, element, control or
dispenser in each accessible toilet room and bathing facility
shall be accessible.
| EXCEPTIONS: | 1. In toilet rooms or bathing facilities accessed only through a private office, not for common or public use, and intended for use by a single occupant, any of the following alternatives are allowed: |
| 1.1 Doors are permitted to swing into the clear floor space provided the door swing can be reversed to meet the requirements in ICC A117.1; | |
| 1.2 The height requirements for the water closet in ICC A117.1 are not applicable; | |
| 1.3 Grab bars are not required to be installed in a toilet room, provided that reinforcement has been installed in the walls and located so as to permit the installation of such grab bars; and | |
| 1.4 The requirement for height, knee and toe clearance shall not apply to a lavatory. | |
| 2. This section is not applicable to toilet and bathing facilities that serve dwelling units or sleeping units that are not required to be accessible by Section 1107. | |
| 3. Where multiple single-user toilet rooms or bathing facilities are clustered at a single location and contain fixtures in excess of the minimum required number of plumbing fixtures, at least 5 percent, but not less than one room for each use at each cluster, shall be accessible. | |
| 4. Toilet room fixtures that are in excess of those required by the State Building Code and that are designed for use by children in day care and primary school occupancies. | |
| 5. Where no more than one urinal is provided in a toilet room or bathing facility, the urinal is not required to be accessible. | |
| 6. Toilet rooms that are part of critical care or intensive care patient sleeping rooms are not required to be accessible. | |
| 7. In dwelling units where a separate bathtub and shower are provided in the same room, at least one shall be accessible. |
1109.6 Elevators. Passenger elevators on an accessible route
shall be accessible and comply with ICC A117.1. Elevators
required to be accessible shall be designed and constructed to
comply with Chapter 296-96 of the Washington Administrative
Code.
1109.9 Detectable warnings. Passenger transit platform edges
bordering a drop-off and not protected by platform screens or
guards shall have a detectable warning. Curb ramps shall have
detectable warnings. Detectable warnings shall extend the
full width and depth of the curb ramp.
| EXCEPTION: | Detectable warnings are not required at bus stops. |
| EXCEPTION: | Where the area of the selling space is less than 5,000 square feet (465 m2), only one check-out aisle is required to be accessible. |
[]
1203.1 General. Buildings shall be provided with natural
ventilation in accordance with Section 1203.4, or mechanical
ventilation in accordance with the International Mechanical
Code and the Washington State Ventilation and Indoor Air
Quality Code.
1203.4 Natural ventilation. For other than Group R
Occupancies in buildings four stories and less, natural
ventilation of an occupied space shall be through windows,
doors, louvers or other openings to the outdoors. The
operating mechanism for such openings shall be provided with
ready access so that the openings are readily controllable by
the building occupants. Group R Occupancies in buildings four
stories and less shall comply with the Washington State
Ventilation and Indoor Air Quality Code.
[]
1204.2.1 Definitions. For the purposes of this section only,
the following definitions apply.
DESIGNATED AREAS are those areas designated by a county to be an
urban growth area in chapter 36.70A RCW and those areas
designated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency as
being in nonattainment for particulate matter.
SUBSTANTIALLY REMODELED means any alteration or restoration of a
building exceeding 60 percent of the appraised value of such
building within a 12-month period. For the purpose of this
section, the appraised value is the estimated cost to replace
the building and structure in-kind, based on current
replacement costs.
1204.2.2 Primary heating source. Primary heating sources in
all new and substantially remodeled buildings in designated
areas shall not be dependent upon wood stoves.
1204.2.3 Solid fuel burning devices. No used solid fuel
burning device shall be installed in new or existing buildings
unless such device is United States Environmental Protection
Agency certified or a pellet stove either certified or exempt
from certification by the United States Environmental
Protection Agency.
| EXCEPTION: | Antique wood cook stoves and heaters manufactured prior to 1940. |
[]
1208.2 Minimum ceiling heights. Occupiable spaces, habitable
spaces and corridors shall have a ceiling height of not less
than 7 feet 6 inches (2286 mm). Bathrooms, toilet rooms,
kitchen, storage rooms and laundry rooms shall be permitted to
have a ceiling height of not less than 7 feet (2134 mm).
| EXCEPTIONS: | 1. In one- and two-family dwellings, beams or girders spaced not less than 4 feet (1219 mm) on center and projecting not more than 6 inches (152 mm) below the required ceiling height. |
| 2. If any room in a building has a sloped ceiling, the prescribed ceiling height for the room is required in one-half the area thereof. Any portion of the room measuring less than 5 feet (1524 mm) from the finished floor to the ceiling shall not be included in any computation of the minimum area thereof. | |
| 3. Mezzanines constructed in accordance with Section 505.1. | |
| 4. Residential Group R Occupancies shall be permitted to have a ceiling height of not less than 7 feet (2134 mm). |
| EXCEPTION: | Every kitchen in a one- and two-family dwelling shall have not less than 50 square feet (4.64 m2) of gross floor area. |
[]
1702.1 General.
STRUCTURAL OBSERVATION. The visual observation of the structural
system by a registered design professional for general
conformance to the approved construction documents.
Structural observation does not include or waive the
responsibility for the inspection required by Section 109,
1704, or other sections of this code.
[]
1709.1 Structural observations. Structural observations shall
be provided for those structures included in Seismic Design
Category D, E or F, as determined in Section 1616, where one
or more of the following conditions exist:
1. The structure is included in Seismic Use Group II or III.
2. The height of the structure is greater than 75 feet (22 860 mm) above the base.
3. The structure is in Seismic Design Category E and Seismic Use Group I and greater than two stories in height.
4. When so designated by the registered design professional in responsible charge of the design.
5. When such observation is specifically required by the building official for unusual lateral force-resisting structures or irregular structures as defined in Section 1616.
Structural observations shall also be provided for those structures sited where the basic wind speed exceeds 110 mph (49 m/sec) determined from Figure 1609, where one or more of the following conditions exist:
1. The structure is included in Category III or IV according to Table 1604.5.
2. The height of the structure is greater than 75 feet (22 860 mm).
3. When so designated by the registered design professional in responsible charge of the design.
4. When such observation is specifically required by the building official for unusual main windforce-resisting structures.
The owner shall employ a registered design professional to perform structural observations as defined in Section 1702.
Deficiencies shall be reported in writing to the owner and the building official. At the conclusion of the work included in the permit, the structural observer shall submit to the building official a written statement that the site visits have been made and identify any reported deficiencies which, to the best of the structural observer's knowledge, have not been resolved.
[]
2114.1 Emission Standards for Factory-built Fireplaces. After
January 1, 1997, no new or used factory-built fireplace shall
be installed in Washington state unless it is certified and
labeled in accordance with procedures and criteria specified
in the Washington State Building Code Standard 31-2.
To certify an entire fireplace model line, the internal assembly shall be tested to determine its particulate matter emission performance. Retesting and recertifying is required if the design and construction specifications of the fireplace model line internal assembly change. Testing for certification shall be performed by a Washington state department of ecology (DOE) approved and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) accredited laboratory.
2114.2 Emission Standards for Certified Masonry and Concrete
Fireplaces. After January 1, 1997, new certified masonry or
concrete fireplaces installed in Washington state shall be
tested and labeled in accordance with procedures and criteria
specified in the Washington State Building Code Standard 31-2.
To certify an entire fireplace model line, the internal assembly shall be tested to determine its particulate matter emission performance. Retesting and recertifying is required if the design and construction specifications of the fireplace model line internal assembly change. Testing for certification shall be performed by a Washington state department of ecology (DOE) approved and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) accredited laboratory.
[]
SECTION 2901 -- PLUMBING CODE.
Plumbing systems shall comply with the Plumbing Code.
SECTION 2902 -- GENERAL.
2902.1 Number of fixtures.
2902.1.1 Requirements. Plumbing fixtures shall be provided in
the minimum number shown in Table 2902.1 and in this chapter.
Where the proposed occupancy is not listed in Table 2902.1,
the building official shall determine fixture requirements
based on the occupancy which most nearly resembles the
intended occupancy.
Plumbing fixtures need not be provided for unoccupied buildings or facilities.
2902.1.2 Private offices. Fixtures only accessible to private
offices shall not be counted to determine compliance with this
section.
2902.1.3 Occupancy load distribution. The occupant load shall
be divided equally between the sexes, unless data approved by
the building official indicates a different distribution of
the sexes.
2902.1.4 Food preparation areas. In food preparation, serving
and related storage areas, additional fixture requirements may
be dictated by health codes.
2902.1.5 Other requirements. For other requirements for
plumbing facilities, see Sections 419.15 and 1210 and Chapter
11.
2902.2 Access to fixtures.
2902.2.1 Location. Plumbing fixtures shall be located in each
building or conveniently in a building adjacent thereto on the
same property.
2902.2.2 Multiple tenants. Access to toilets serving multiple
tenants shall be through a common use area and not through an
area controlled by a tenant.
2902.2.3 Multistory buildings. Required fixtures shall not be
located more than one vertical story above or below the area
served.
2902.3 Separate facilities.
2902.3.1 Requirements. Separate toilet facilities shall be
provided for each sex.
| EXCEPTIONS: | 1. In occupancies serving 10 or fewer persons, one toilet facility designed for use by no more than one person at a time shall be permitted for use by both sexes. |
| 2. In Group B and M Occupancies with a total floor area of 1500 square feet (139.5 m2) or less, one toilet facility designed for use by no more than one person at a time shall be permitted for use by both sexes. |
2902.4 Pay facilities. Required facilities shall be free of
charge. Where pay facilities are installed, they shall be in
addition to the minimum required facilities.
2902.5 is not adopted.
2902.6 is not adopted.
SECTION 2903 -- SPECIAL PROVISIONS.
2903.1 Dwelling units. Dwelling units shall be provided with
a kitchen sink.
2903.2 Water closet space requirements. The water closet
stool in all occupancies shall be located in a clear space not
less than 30 inches (762 mm) in width, with a clear space in
front of the stool of not less than 24 inches (610 mm).
2903.3 Water. Each required sink, lavatory, bathtub and
shower stall shall be equipped with hot and cold running water
necessary for its normal operation.
2903.4 Drinking fountains.
2903.4.1 Number. Occupant loads over 30 shall have one
drinking fountain for the first 150 occupants, then one per
each additional 500 occupants.
| EXCEPTIONS: | 1. Sporting facilities with concessions serving drinks shall have one drinking fountain for each 1000 occupants. |
| 2. A drinking fountain need not be provided in a drinking or dining establishment. |
2903.4.3 Penal institutions. Penal institutions shall have
one drinking fountain on each cell block floor and one on each
exercise floor.
2903.4.4 Location. Drinking fountains shall not be located in
toilet rooms.
| TYPE OF BUILDING OR OCCUPANCY | WATER CLOSETS (fixtures per person) |
LAVATORIES5 (fixtures per person) |
BATHTUB OR SHOWER (fixtures per person) |
||
| MALE3 | FEMALE | MALE | FEMALE | ||
| For the occupancies listed below, use 30 square feet (2.79 mČ) per occupant for the minimum number of plumbing fixtures. | |||||
| Group A | |||||
| Conference rooms, dining rooms, drinking establishments, exhibit rooms, gymnasiums, lounges, stages and similar uses including restaurants classified as Group B Occupancies | 1:1-25 | 1:1-25 | One per 2 water closets | ||
| 2:26-75 | 2:26-75 | ||||
| 3:76-125 | 3:76-125 | ||||
| 4:126-200 | 4:126-200 | ||||
| 5:201-300 | 5:201-300 | ||||
| 6:301-400 | 6:301-400 | ||||
| Over 400, add one fixture for each additional 200 males or 150 females | |||||
| For the assembly occupancies listed below, use the number of fixed seating or, where no fixed seating is provided, use 15 square feet (1.39 m2) per occupant for the minimum number of plumbing fixtures. | |||||
| Assembly places -- Theaters, auditoriums, convention halls, dance floors, lodge rooms, casinos, and such places which have limited time for fixture use (intermissions) |
1:1-100 | One per 25 | 1:1-200 | 1:1-200 | |
| 2:101-200 | Up to 400 | 2:201-400 | 2:201-400 | ||
| 3:201-400 | 3:401-750 | 3:401-750 | |||
| Over 400, add one fixture for each additional 250 males or 50 females | Over 750, add one fixture for each additional 500 persons | ||||
| Assembly places -- Stadiums, arena and other sporting facilities where fixture use is not limited to intermissions |
1:1-100 | One per 50 | 1:1-200 | 1:1-200 | |
| 2:101-200 | Up to 400 | 2:201-400 | 2:201-400 | ||
| 3:201-400 | 3:401-750 | 3:401-750 | |||
| Over 400, add one fixture for each additional 300 males or 100 females | Over 750, add one fixture for each additional 500 persons | ||||
| For the assembly occupancies listed below, use the number of fixed seating or, where no fixed seating is provided, use 30 square feet (2.79 m2) per occupant for the minimum number of plumbing fixtures. | |||||
| Worship places | |||||
| Principal assembly area | One per 150 | One per 75 | One per 2 water closets | ||
| Educational & activity unit | One per 125 | One per 75 | One per 2 water closets | ||
| For the occupancies listed below, use 200 square feet (18.58 mČ) per occupant for the minimum number of plumbing fixtures. | |||||
| Group B and other clerical or administrative employee accessory use |
1:1-15 | 1:1-15 | One per 2 water closets | ||
| 2:16-35 | 2:16-35 | ||||
| 3:36-55 | 3:36-55 | ||||
| Over 55, add one for each additional 50 persons | |||||
| For the occupancies listed below, use 100 square feet ( 9.3 m2) per student for the minimum number of plumbing fixtures. | |||||
| Group E | 1:1-15 | 1:1-15 | One per 2 water closets | ||
| Schools - for staff use | 2:16-35 | 2:16-35 | |||
| All schools | 3:36-55 | 3:36-55 | |||
| (One staff per 20 students) | Over 55, add one fixture for each additional 40 persons | ||||
| Schools - for student use | 1:1-20 | 1:1-20 | 1:1-20 | 1:1-20 | |
| Day care | 2:21-50 | 2:21-50 | 2:21-50 | 2:21-50 | |
| Over 50, add one fixture for each additional 50 persons | Over 50, add one fixture for each additional 50 persons | ||||
| Elementary | One per 30 | One per 25 | One per 2 water closets | ||
| Secondary | One per 40 | One per 30 | One per 2 water closets | ||
| For the occupancies listed below, use 50 square feet (4.65 m2) per occupant for the minimum number of plumbing fixtures. | |||||
| Education facilities other than Group E | |||||
| Others (colleges, universities, adult centers, etc.) | One per 40 | One per 25 | One per 2 water closets | ||
| For the occupancies listed below, use 2,000 square feet (185.8 mČ) per occupant for the minimum number of plumbing fixtures. | |||||
| Group F and Group H | 1:1-10 | 1:1-10 | One per 2 water closets | ||
| Workshop, foundries and similar establishments, and hazardous occupancies | 2:11-25 | 2:11-25 | One shower for each 15 persons exposed to excessive heat or to skin contamination with irritating materials | ||
| 3:26-50 | 3:26-50 | ||||
| 4:51-75 | 4:51-75 | ||||
| 5:76-100 | 5:76-100 | ||||
| Over 100, add one fixture for each additional 30 persons | |||||
| For the occupancies listed below, use the designated application and 200 square feet (18.58 mČ) per occupant of the general use area for the minimum number of plumbing fixtures. | |||||
| Group I7 | |||||
| Hospital waiting rooms | One per room (usable by either sex) | One per room | |||
| Hospital general use areas | 1:1-15 | 1:1-15 | One per 2 water closets | ||
| 2:16-35 | 3:16-35 | ||||
| 3:36-55 | 3:36-55 | ||||
| Over 55, add one fixture for each additional 40 persons | |||||
| Hospital patient rooms: | |||||
| Single Bed | One adjacent to and directly accessible from | One per toilet room | One per toilet room | ||
| Isolation | One adjacent to and directly accessible from | One per toilet room | One per toilet room | ||
| Multibed | One per 4 patients | One per 4 patients | One per 8 patients | ||
| Long-term | One per 4 patients | One per 4 patients | One per 15 patients | ||
| Jails and reformatories | |||||
| Cell | One per cell | One per cell | |||
| Exercise room | One per exercise room | One per exercise room | |||
| Other institutions (on each occupied floor) | One per 25 | One per 25 | One per 2 water closets | One per 8 | |
| Group LC | For Group LC Occupancies, the minimum number of plumbing fixtures is specified in Section 419.15. | ||||
| For the occupancies listed below, use 200 square feet (18.58 m2) per occupant for the minimum number of plumbing fixtures. | |||||
| Group M | |||||
| Retail or wholesale stores | 1:1-50 | 1:1-50 | One per 2 water closets | ||
| 2:51-100 | 2:51-100 | ||||
| 3:101-400 | 3:101-200 | ||||
| 4:201-300 | |||||
| 5:301-400 | |||||
| Over 400, add one fixture for each additional 300 males or 150 females | |||||
| For Group R Occupancies containing dwelling units or guest rooms, use the table below. For dormitories, use 200 square feet (18.58 m2) per occupant for the minimum number of plumbing fixtures. | |||||
| Group R | |||||
| Dwelling units | One per dwelling unit | One per dwelling unit | One per dwelling unit | ||
| Hotel, motel, and boarding house guest rooms | One per guest room | One per guest room | One per guest room | ||
| Dormitories | One per 10 | One per 8 | One per 12 | One per 12 | One per 8 |
| Over 10, add one fixture for each additional 25 males and over 8, add one for each additional 20 females | Over 12, add one fixture for each additional 20 males and one for each additional 15 females | For females, add one additional unit per each additional 30. Over 150 persons, add one additional unit per each additional 20 persons | |||
| For the occupancies listed below, use 5,000 square feet (464.5 m2) per occupant for the minimum number of plumbing fixtures. | |||||
| Group S | 1:1-10 | 1:1-10 | One per 40 occupants of each sex | One shower for each 15 persons exposed to excessive heat or to skin contamination with poisonous, infectious or irritating materials | |
| Warehouses | 2:11-25 | 2:11-25 | |||
| 3:26-50 | 3:26-50 | ||||
| 4:51-75 | 4:51-75 | ||||
| 5:76-100 | 5:76-100 | ||||
| Over 100, add one for each 30 persons | |||||
| 1The figures shown are based on one fixture being the minimum required for the number of persons indicated or any fraction thereof. | |
| 2For occupancies not shown, see Section 2902.1.1. | |
| 3Where urinals are provided, one water closet less than the number specified may be provided for each urinal installed, except the number of water closets in such cases shall not be reduced to less than one quarter (25%) of the minimum specified. For men's facilities serving 26 or more persons, not less than one urinal shall be provided. | |
| 4For drinking fountains, see Section 2903.4. | |
| 5Twenty-four inches (610 mm) of wash sink or 18 inches (457 mm) of a circular basin, when provided with water outlets for such space, shall be considered equivalent to one lavatory. | |
| 6For when a facility may be usable by either sex, see Section 2902.3.1. | |
| 7See WAC 246-320 for definitions, other fixtures and equipment for hospitals. |
[]
SECTION 3001 -- GENERAL, is not adopted.
Elevators and conveying systems are regulated by chapter 296-96 WAC.
[]
3002.5 Emergency doors, is not adopted.
[]
3003.2 Fire-fighters' emergency operation, is not adopted.
[]
3004.3 Area of vents. Except as provided for in Section
3004.3.1, the area of the vents shall not be less than 3 1/2
percent of the area of the hoistway not less than 3 square
feet (0.28 m2) for each elevator car, and not less than 3 1/2
percent nor less than 0.5 square feet (0.047 m3) for each
dumbwaiter car in the hoistway, whichever is greater. Vents
shall be capable only of manual operation or controlled by a
manual switch mounted in an approved location.
3004.5 Plumbing and mechanical systems, is not adopted.
[]
SECTION 3005 -- CONVEYING SYSTEMS, is not adopted.
[]
3006.3 Pressurization, is not adopted.
3006.5 Shunt trip, is not adopted.
3006.6 Plumbing systems, is not adopted.
[]
3408.1 Conformance. Buildings or structures moved into or
within the jurisdiction shall comply with the provisions of
this code, the International Residential Code (chapter 51-51 WAC), the International Mechanical Code (chapter 51-52 WAC),
the International Fire Code (chapter 51-54 WAC), the Uniform
Plumbing Code and Standards (chapters 51-56 and 51-57 WAC),
the Washington State Energy Code (chapter 51-11 WAC) and the
Washington State Ventilation and Indoor Air Quality Code
(chapter 51-13 WAC) for new buildings or structures.
| EXCEPTION: | Group R-3 buildings or structures are not required to comply if: |
| 1. The original occupancy classification is not changed; and | |
| 2. The original building is not substantially remodeled or rehabilitated. |
[]
3409.5 Alterations. A building, facility or element that is
altered shall comply with the applicable provisions in Chapter
11 and ICC A117.1 unless technically infeasible. Where
compliance with the section is technically infeasible, the
alteration shall provide access to the maximum extent
technically feasible. Where alterations would increase the
number of public pay telephones to four, with at least one in
the interior, or where the facility has four or more public
pay telephones and one or more is altered; at least one
interior text telephone shall be provided.
| EXCEPTIONS: | 1. The altered element or space is not required to be on an accessible route, unless required by Section 3409.6. |
| 2. Accessible means of egress required by Chapter 10 are not required to be provided in existing buildings and facilities. | |
| 3. In alterations, accessibility to raised or sunken dining areas, or to all parts of outdoor seating areas is not required provided that the same services and amenities are provided in an accessible space usable by the general public and not restricted to use by people with disabilities. |
| EXCEPTIONS: | 1. The costs of providing the accessible route are not required to exceed 20 percent of the costs of the alteration affecting the area of primary function. |
| 2. This provision does not apply to alterations limited solely to windows, hardware, operating controls, electrical outlets and signs. | |
| 3. This provision does not apply to alterations limited solely to mechanical systems, electrical systems, installation or alteration of fire protection systems and abatement of hazardous materials. | |
| 4. This provision does not apply to alterations undertaken for the primary purpose of increasing the accessibility of an existing building, facility or element. |
3409.7.2 Elevators. Altered elements of existing elevators
shall comply with ASME A17.1 and ICC A117.1. Such elements
shall also be altered in elevators programmed to respond to
the same hall call control as the altered elevator. Elevators
shall comply with chapter 296-96 WAC.
3409.7.3 Platform lifts. Platform (wheelchair) lifts
complying with ICC A117.1 and installed in accordance with
ASME A18.1 shall be permitted as a component of an accessible
route. Platform lifts shall comply with chapter 296-96 WAC.
3409.7.7 Dwelling or sleeping units. Where I-1, I-2, I-3,
R-1, R-2 or R-4 dwelling or sleeping units are being altered
or added, the requirements of Section 1107 for Accessible or
Type A units and Chapter 9 for accessible alarms apply only to
the quantity of spaces being altered or added. At least one
sleeping room for each 25 sleeping rooms, or fraction thereof,
being added or altered, shall have telephones and visible
notification devices complying with Appendix E Section
E104.3.4, as well as visible alarms.
3409.7.9 Toilet rooms. Where it is technically infeasible to
alter existing toilet and bathing facilities to be accessible,
an accessible unisex toilet or bathing facility is permitted.
The unisex facility shall be located on the same floor and in
the same area as the existing facility. The number of toilet
facilities and water closets required by the State Building
Code is permitted to be reduced by one, in order to provide
accessible features.
[]
(Insert following page 596)
See Section 2114, International Building Code
SECTION 31.200.1 TITLE.
This Appendix Chapter 31-2 shall be known as the
"Washington state standard test method for particulate
emissions from fireplaces" and may be cited as such; and will
be referred to herein as "this standard."
SECTION 31.200.2 SCOPE.
This standard covers emissions performance,
approval/certification procedures, test laboratory
accreditation, recordkeeping, reporting requirements, and the
test protocol for measuring particulate emissions from
fireplaces.
All testing, reporting and inspection requirements of this standard shall be conducted by a Washington state department of ecology (DOE) approved testing laboratory. In order to qualify for DOE approval, the test laboratory must be a U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) accredited laboratory (40 CFR Part 60, Subpart AAA). DOE may approve a test laboratory upon submittal of the following information:
1. A copy of their U.S. EPA accreditation certificate; and
2. A description of their facilities, test equipment, and test-personnel qualifications including education and work experience.
DOE may revoke a test laboratory approval when the test laboratory is no longer accredited by the U.S. EPA or if DOE determines that the test laboratory does not adhere to the testing requirements of this chapter.
SECTION 31.201 -- DEFINITIONS.
For the purpose of this standard certain terms are
defined as follows:
ANALYZER CALIBRATION ERROR is the difference between the gas concentration exhibited by the gas analyzer and the known concentration of the calibration gas when the calibration gas is introduced directly to the analyzer.
BURN RATE is the average rate at which test-fuel is consumed in
a fireplace measured in kilograms of wood (dry basis) per hour
(kg/hr) during a test-burn.
CALIBRATION DRIFT is the difference in the analyzer reading from
the initial calibration response at a mid-range calibration
value after a stated period of operation during which no
unscheduled maintenance, repair, or adjustment took place.
CALIBRATION GAS is a known concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2),
carbon monoxide (CO), or oxygen (O2) in nitrogen (N2).
CERTIFICATION OR AUDIT TEST is the completion of at least one,
three-fuel-load test-burn cycle in accordance with Section
31.202.
FIREBOX is the chamber in the fireplace in which a test-fuel
charge(s) is placed and combusted.
FIREPLACE is a wood burning device which is exempt from U.S. EPA
40 CFR Part 60, Subpart AAA and:
1. Is not a cookstove, boiler, furnace, or pellet stove as defined in 40 CFR Part 60, Subpart AAA; and
2. Is not a masonry heater as defined in Section 31.201.
FACTORY-BUILT FIREPLACE is a listed assembly of a fire chamber,
its chimney and related factory-made parts designed for unit
assembly without requiring field construction. Factory-built
fireplaces are not dependent on mortar-filled joints for
continued safe use.
MASONRY FIREPLACE is a hearth and fire chamber of solid masonry
units such as bricks, stones, masonry units or reinforced
concrete provided with a suitable chimney.
FIREPLACE, CERTIFIED, is a fireplace that meets the emission
performance standards when tested according to Washington
State Building Code Standard 31-2.
FIREPLACE, NONCERTIFIED, (masonry or concrete) is any fireplace
that is not a certified fireplace. A noncertified fireplace
will be subject to applicable burn ban restrictions.
FIREPLACE DESIGN is the construction and/or fabrication
specifications including all dimensions and materials required
for manufacturing or building fireplaces with identical
combustion function and particulate emissions factors.
FIREPLACE MODEL LINE is a series of fireplace models which all
have the same internal assembly. Each model in a model line
may have different facade designs and external decorative
features.
INTERNAL ASSEMBLY is the core construction and firebox design
which produces the same function and emissions factor for a
fireplace model line.
MASONRY HEATER is a heating system of predominantly masonry
construction having a mass of at least 800 kg (1760 lbs),
excluding the chimney and foundation, which is designed to
absorb a substantial portion of the heat energy from a rapidly
burned charge of solid fuel by:
1. Routing of exhaust gases through internal heat exchange channels in which the flow path downstream of the firebox includes at least one 180 degree change in flow direction, usually downward, before entering the chimney; and
2. Being constructed of sufficient mass such that under normal operating conditions the external surface of the heater, except in the region immediately surrounding the fuel loading door(s), does not exceed 110°C (230°F).
Masonry heaters shall be listed or installed in accordance with ASTME-1602.
RESPONSE TIME is the amount of time required for the measurement
system to display 95 percent of a step change in gas
concentration.
SAMPLING SYSTEM BIAS is the difference between the gas
concentrations exhibited by the analyzer when a known
concentration gas is introduced at the outlet of the sampling
probe and when the sample gas is introduced directly to the
analyzer.
SPAN is the upper limit of the gas concentration measurement
range (25 percent for CO2, O2, and 5 percent for CO).
TEST FACILITY is the area in which the fireplace is installed,
operated, and sampled for emissions.
TEST FUEL LOADING DENSITY is the weight of the as-fired test-fuel
charge per unit area of usable firebox floor (or hearth).
TEST-BURN is an individual emission test which encompasses the
time required to consume the mass of three consecutively
burned test-fuel charges.
TEST-FUEL CHARGE is the collection of test fuel pieces placed in
the fireplace at the start of certification test.
USABLE FIREBOX AREA is the floor (or hearth) area, within the fire
chamber of a fireplace upon which a fire may be, or is
intended to be built. Usable firebox area is calculated using
the following definitions:
1. Length. The longest horizontal fire chamber dimension along the floor of the firebox that is parallel to a wall of the fire chamber.
2. Width. The shortest horizontal fire chamber dimension along the floor of the firebox that is parallel to a wall of the fire chamber.
3. For angled or curved firebox walls and/or sides, the effective usable firebox area shall be determined by calculating the sum of standard geometric areas or sub-areas of the firebox floor.
If a fireplace has a floor area within the fire chamber which is larger than the area upon which it is intended that fuel be placed and burned, the usable firebox area shall be calculated as the sum of standard geometric areas or sub-areas of the area intended for fuel placement and burning. For fireplace grates which elevate the fuel above the firebox floor, usable firebox area determined in this manner shall be multiplied by a factor of 1.5. The weight of test-fuel charges for fireplace-grate usable-firebox-area tests, shall not exceed the weight of test-fuel charges determined for the entire fireplace floor area.
ZERO DRIFT is the difference in the analyzer reading from the
initial calibration response at the zero concentration level
after a stated period of operation during which no unscheduled
maintenance, repair, or adjustment took place.
SECTION 31.202 -- TESTING.
31.202.1 Applicability. This method is applicable for the
certification and auditing of fireplace particulate emission
factors. This method describes the test facility, fireplace
installation requirements, test-fuel charges, and fireplace
operation as well as procedures for determining burn rates and
particulate emission factors.
31.202.2 Principle. Particulate matter emissions are measured
from a fireplace burning prepared test-fuel charges in a test
facility maintained at a set of prescribed conditions.
31.202.3 Test apparatus.
31.202.3.1 Fireplace temperature monitors. Devices capable of
measuring flue-gas temperature to within 1.5 percent of
expected absolute temperatures.
31.202.3.2 Test facility temperature monitor. A thermocouple
located centrally in a vertically oriented pipe shield 6
inches (150 mm) long, 2 inches (50 mm) diameter that is open
at both ends, capable of measuring air temperature to within
1.5 percent of expected absolute temperatures.
31.202.3.3 Balance. Balance capable of weighing the test-fuel
charge(s) to within 0.1 lb (0.05 kg).
31.202.3.4 Moisture meter. Calibrated electrical resistance
meter for measuring test-fuel moisture to within 1 percent
moisture content (dry basis).
31.202.3.5 Anemometer. Device capable of detecting air
velocities less than 20 ft/min (0.10 m/sec), for measuring air
velocities near the fireplace being tested.
31.202.3.6 Barometer. Mercury, aneroid or other barometer
capable of measuring atmospheric pressure to within 0.1 inch
Hg (2.5 mm Hg).
31.202.3.7 Draft gauge. Electromanometer or other device for
the determination of flue draft (i.e., static pressure)
readable to within 0.002 inches of water column (0.50 Pa).
31.202.3.8 Combustion gas analyzer. Combustion gas analyzers
for measuring carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO), and
oxygen (O2) in the fireplace exhaust-gas stream must meet all
of the following measurement system performance
specifications:
1. Analyzer calibration error. Shall be less than ± 2 percent of the span value for the zero, mid-range, and high-range calibration gases.
2. Sampling system bias. Shall be less than ± 5 percent of the span value for the zero, mid-range, and high-range calibration gases.
3. Zero Drift. Shall be less than ± 3 percent of the span over the period of each run.
4. Calibration drift. Shall be less than ± 3 percent of the span value over the period of each run.
5. Response time. Shall be less than 1.5 minutes.
31.202.4 Emissions sampling method. Use the emission sampler
system (ESS) as described in Section 31.203.12 or an
equivalent method as determined by the application of the U.S.
EPA Method 301 Validation Procedure (Federal Register,
December 12, 1992, Volume 57, Number 250, page 11,998) and
upon approval of DOE.
31.202.5 Fireplace installation and test facility
requirements. The fireplace being tested must be constructed,
if site-built, or installed, if manufactured, in accordance
with the designer's/manufacturer's written instructions. The
chimney shall have a total vertical height above the base of
the fire chamber of not less than 15 feet (4 600 mm). The
fireplace chimney exit to the atmosphere must be freely
communicating with the fireplace combustion makeup-air source.
There shall be no artificial atmospheric pressure differential
imposed between the chimney exit to the atmosphere and the
fireplace makeup-air inlet.
31.202.6 Fireplace aging and curing. A fireplace of any type
shall be aged before certification testing begins. The aging
procedure shall be conducted and documented by the testing
laboratory.
31.202.6.1 Catalyst-equipped fireplaces. Operate the
catalyst-equipped fireplace using fuel described in Section
31.203. Operate the fireplace with a new catalytic combustor
in place and in operation for at least 50 hours. Record and
report hourly catalyst exit temperatures, the hours of
operation, and the weight of all fuel used.
31.202.6.2 Noncatalyst-equipped fireplaces. Operate the
fireplace using the fuel described in Section 31.203 for at
least 10 hours. Record and report the hours of operation and
weight of all fuel used.
31.202.7 Pretest preparation. Record the test-fuel charge
dimensions, moisture content, weights, and fireplace (and
catalyst if equipped) descriptions.
The fireplace description shall include photographs showing all externally observable features and drawings showing all internal and external dimensions needed for fabrication and/or construction. The drawings must be verified as representing the fireplace being tested and signed by an authorized representative of the testing laboratory.
31.202.8 Test facility conditions. Locate the test facility
temperature monitor on the horizontal plane that includes the
primary air intake opening for the fireplace. Locate the
temperature monitor 3 to 6 feet (1 000 to 2 000 mm) from the
front of the fireplace in the 90° sector in front of the
fireplace. Test facility temperatures shall be maintained
between 65° and 90°F (18° and 32°C). Use an anemometer to
measure the air velocity. Measure and record the room-air
velocity within 2 feet (600 mm) of the test fireplace before
test initiation and once immediately following the test-burn
completion. Air velocity shall be less than 50 feet/minute
(250 mm/second) without the fireplace operating.
SECTION 31.203 -- TEST PROTOCOL.
31.203.1 Test fuel. Fuel shall be air dried Douglas fir
dimensional lumber or cordwood without naturally associated
bark. Fuel pieces shall not be less than 1/2 nor more than
5/6 of the length of the average fire chamber width. Fuel
shall be split or cut into pieces with no cross-sectional
dimension greater than 6 inches (152 mm). Spacers, if used,
shall not exceed 3/4 inches (19 mm) in thickness and 15
percent of the test-fuel charge weight. Fuel moisture shall
be in the range of 16 to 20 percent (wet basis) or 19 to 25
percent (dry basis) meter reading.
31.203.2 Test-fuel loading density. The wet (with moisture)
minimum weight of each test-fuel charge shall be calculated by
multiplying the hearth area in square feet by 7.0 pounds per
square foot (square meters x 0.30 kg/m2) (± 10 percent). Three
test-fuel charges shall be prepared for each test-burn.
31.203.3 Kindling. The initial test-fuel charge of the three
test-fuel charge test-burn shall be started by using a
kindling-fuel charge which is up to 50 percent of the first
test-fuel charge weight. Kindling-fuel pieces can be any size
needed to start the fire or whatever is recommended in the
manufacturer's (builder's) instructions to consumers. The
kindling-fuel charge weight is not part of the initial
test-fuel charge weight but is in addition to it.
31.203.4 Test-burn ignition. The fire can be started with or
without paper. If used, the weight of the paper must be
included in test-fuel charge weight. The remainder of the
test-fuel charge may be added at any time after kindling
ignition except that the entire first test-fuel charge must be
added within 10 minutes after the start of the test (i.e., the
time at which the flue-gas temperature at the 8-foot (2 440
mm) level is over 25°F (14°C) greater than the ambient
temperature of the test facility).
31.203.5 Test initiation. Emissions and flue-gas sampling are
initiated immediately after the kindling has been ignited and
when flue-gas temperatures in the center of the flue at an
elevation of 8 feet (2 440 mm) above the base (floor) of the
fire chamber reach 25°F (14°C) greater than the ambient
temperature of the test facility.
31.203.6 Sampling parameters. Sampling (from the 8-foot (2
440 mm) flue-gas temperature measurement location) must
include:
1. Particulate emissions
2. Carbon dioxide (CO2)1
3. Carbon monoxide (CO)1
4. Oxygen (O2)1
5. Temperature(s)
1These gases shall be measured on-line (real-time) and recorded at a frequency of not less than once every 5 minutes. These 5-minute readings are to be arithmetically averaged over the test-burn series or alternatively, a gas bag sample can be taken at a constant sample rate over the entire test-burn series and analyzed for the required gases within one hour of the end of the test-burn.
If a fireplace is equipped with an emissions control device which is located downstream from the 8-foot (2 440 mm) flue-gas temperature measurement location, a second temperature, particulate, and gaseous emissions sampling location must be located downstream from the emissions control device but not less than 4 flue diameters upstream from the flue exit to the atmosphere. The two sampling locations must be sampled simultaneously during testing for each fireplace configuration being tested.
31.203.7 Test-fuel additions and test completion. The second
and third test-fuel charges for a test-burn may be placed and
burned in the fire chamber at any time deemed reasonable by
the operator or when recommended by the manufacturer's and/or
builder's instructions to consumers.
No additional kindling may be added after the start of a test-burn series and the flue-gas temperature at the 8-foot (2 440 mm) level above the base of the hearth must always be 25°F (14°C) greater than the ambient temperature of the test facility for a valid test-burn series. Each entire test-fuel charge must be added within 10 minutes from the addition of the first piece.
A test (i.e., a three test-fuel charge test-burn series) is completed and all sampling and measurements are stopped when all three test-fuel charges have been consumed (to more than 90 percent by weight) in the firebox and the 8-foot (2 440 mm) level flue-gas temperature drops below 25°F (14°C) greater than the ambient temperature of the test facility. Within 5 minutes after the test-burn is completed and all measurements and sampling has stopped, the remaining coals and/or unburned fuel, shall be extinguished with a carbon dioxide fire extinguisher. All of the remaining coals, unburned fuel, and ash shall be removed from the firebox and weighed to the nearest 0.1 pound (0.05 kg). The weight of these unburned materials and ash shall be subtracted from the total test-burn fuel weight when calculating the test-burn burn rate. A test-burn is invalid if less than 90 percent of the weight of the total test-fuel charges plus the kindling weight have been consumed in the fireplace firebox.
31.203.8 Test-fuel charge (load) adjustments. Test-fuel
charges may be adjusted (i.e., repositioned) once during the
burning of each test-fuel charge. The time used to make this
adjustment shall be less than 15 seconds.
31.203.9 Air supply adjustment. Air supply controls, if the
fireplace is equipped with controls, may not be adjusted
during any test-burn series after the first 10 minutes of
startup of each fuel load. All air supply settings must be
set to the lowest level at the start of a test and shall
remain at the lowest setting throughout a test-burn.
31.203.10 Auxiliary fireplace equipment operation. Heat
exchange blowers (standard or optional) sold with the
fireplace shall be operated during all test-burns following
the manufacturer's written instructions. If no manufacturer's
written instructions are available, operate the heat exchange
blower in the "high" position. (Automatically operated
blowers shall be operated as designed.) Shaker grates, by-pass
controls, afterburners, or other auxiliary equipment may be
adjusted only once per test-fuel charge following the
manufacturer's written instructions. Record and report all
adjustments on a fireplace operational written-record.
31.203.11 Fireplace configurations. One, 3 test-fuel charge
test-burn shall be conducted for each of the following
fireplace operating configurations:
1. Door(s) closed, with hearth grate;
2. Door(s) open, with hearth grate;
3. Door(s) closed, without hearth grate;
4. Door(s) open, without hearth grate; and
5. With no door(s), and draft inducer on.
No test-burn series is necessary for any configuration the appliance design cannot or is not intended to accommodate. If a configuration is not tested, the reason must be submitted with the test report and the appliance label must state that the appliance cannot be used in that configuration by consumer users.
One emission factor result, or one emission factor average, as provided in Section 31.203.11.2, from each fireplace configuration tested shall be compiled into an arithmetic average of all the configurations tested for determining compliance with the requirements of Section 31.204.2.
31.203.11.1 Closed-door(s) testing. For all closed-door test
configurations, the door(s) must be closed within 10 minutes
from the addition of the first test-fuel piece of each
test-fuel charge in a test-burn. During a test-burn, the
door(s) cannot be reopened except during test-fuel reload and
adjustment as referenced in Sections 31.203.7 and 31.203.8.
31.203.11.2 Additional test-burn. The testing laboratory may
conduct more than one test-burn series for each of the
applicable configurations specified in Section 31.203.11. If
more than one test-burn is conducted for a specified
configuration, the results from at least 2/3 of the test-burns
for that configuration shall be used in calculating the
arithmetic average emission factor for that configuration.
The measurement data and results of all tests conducted shall
be reported regardless of which values are used in calculating
the average emission factor for that configuration.
31.203.12 Emissions sampling system (ESS).
31.203.12.1 Principle. Figure 31-2-1 shows a schematic of an
ESS for sampling solid-fuel-fired fireplace emissions. Except
as specified in Section 31.202.4, an ESS in this configuration
shall be used to sample all fireplace emissions. The ESS
shall draw flue gases through a 15-inch (380 mm) long,
3/8-inch (10 mm) O.D. stainless steel probe which samples
from the center of the flue at an elevation which is 8 feet (2
440 mm) above the floor of the firebox (i.e., the hearth). A
flue-gas sample shall then travel through a 3/8-inch (10 mm)
O.D. TeflonŠ tube, and a heated U.S. EPA Method 5-type
glass-fiber filter (40 CFR Part 60, Appendix A) for collection
of particulate matter. The filter shall be followed by an
in-line flow-through cartridge containing 20 grams of XAD-2
sorbent resin for collecting semivolatile hydrocarbons. Water
vapor shall then be removed from the sampled gas by a
silica-gel trap. Flue-gas oxygen concentrations, which shall
be used to determine the ratio of flue-gas volume to the
amount of fuel burned, are measured within the ESS system by
an electrochemical cell meeting the performance specifications
presented in Section 31.202.3.8(1).
The ESS shall use a critical orifice to maintain a nominal flue-gas sampling rate of 0.035 cfm (0.0167 liters per second). The actual flow rate through each critical orifice shall be determined to within 0.000354 cubic feet (0.01 liters) per second before and after each test-burn with a bubble flow meter to document exact sampling rates. The posttest-burn critical-orifice flow-rate determinations shall be performed before the ESS is dismantled for sample recovery and clean-up. Pretest-burn and posttest-burn critical-orifice flow-rate measurements shall be within 0.0000117 cubic feet (0.00033 liters) per second of each other or the test-burn emissions results shall be invalid. Temperatures shall be monitored using type K ground-isolated, stainless steel-sheathed thermocouples.
The ESS unit shall return particle-free and dry exhaust gas to the flue via a 1/4-inch (6 mm) TeflonŠ line and a 15-inch (380 mm) stainless steel probe inserted into the flue. A subsample aliquot of the flue-gas sample-gas stream exiting the ESS unit, shall be pumped into a 1 cubic foot (29 liter) TedlarŠ bag for measuring the average carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and confirmation of average oxygen concentrations for the test period. Flow to the subsample gas bag shall be controlled by a solenoid valve connected to the main pump circuit and a fine-adjust needle-controlled flow valve. The solenoid valve shall be open only when the pump is activated, allowing the subsample gas to be pumped into the gas bag at all times when the ESS pump is on. The rate of flow into the bag shall be controlled by the fine-adjust metering needle-valve which is adjusted at setup so that 4.7 to 5.2 gal (18 to 20 liters) of gas is collected over the entire 3 test-fuel charge test-burn without over-pressurizing the gas sample bag.
31.203.12.2 The data acquisition and control system. The data
acquisition and control system for the ESS is shown in Figure
31-2-2. This system consists of a personal computer (PC)
containing an analog-to-digital data processing board (12-bit
precision), a terminal (connection) box, and specialized data
acquisition and system control software (called CONLOG). For
fireplace testing, the CONLOG software is configured to
control, collect, and store the following data:
1. Test-period starting and ending times and dates, and total length of sampling period;
2. Pump-cycle on/off, cycle length and thermocouple (TC) cycle recording interval (frequency);
3. Temperature records, including flue-gas and ambient temperatures, averaged over preselected intervals;
4. Date, times, and weights of each added fuel load; and
5. Flue-gas oxygen measurements taken during each sample cycle.
During testing, instantaneous readings of real-time data shall be displayed on the system status screen. These data shall include the date, time, temperatures for each of the TCs, and flue-gas oxygen concentrations. The most recent 15 sets of recorded data shall also be displayed.
Flue-gas sampling and the recording of flue-gas oxygen concentrations shall only occur when flue-gas temperatures are above 25°F (14°C) greater than the ambient temperature of the test facility. Temperatures and fueling shall always be recorded at five-minute intervals regardless of flue-gas temperature. The ESS sampling-pump operating cycle shall be adjustable as described in Section 31.203.12.3.
| Place illustration here. |
| Place illustration here. |
31.203.12.4 Minimum sample quantities. For each complete 3
test-fuel charge test-burn, the ESS must catch a minimum total
particulate material mass of at least 0.231 grains (15 mg).
Alternatively, the ESS must sample a minimum of 10 cubic feet
(283 liters) during each 3 test-fuel charge test-burn. If
this volume cannot be sampled in the test-burn time period,
two ESS samplers must be utilized to sample fireplace
emissions simultaneously during each test-burn. If emissions
results from the two ESSs are different by more than 10
percent of the lower emissions-factor result, the test-burn
results are invalid. An arithmetic average is calculated for
test-burn results when two ESSs are utilized.
31.203.12.5 Equipment preparation and sample processing
procedures.
31.203.12.5.1. Prior to emissions testing, the ESS unit shall
be prepared with a new, tared glass-fiber filter and a clean
XAD-2 sorbent-resin cartridge. Within 3 hours after testing
is completed, the stainless steel sampling probe, TeflonŠ
sampling line, filter holder, and XAD-2 cartridge(s) shall be
removed from the test site and transported to the laboratory
for processing. Each component of the ESS sampler shall be
processed as follows:
1. Filter: The glass fiber filter (4 inches (102 mm) in diameter) shall be removed from the ESS filter housing and placed in a petri dish for desiccation and gravimetric analysis.
2. XAD-2 sorbent-resin cartridge: The sorbent-resin cartridge shall be extracted in a Soxhlet extractor with dichloromethane for 24 hours. The extraction solution shall be transferred to a tared glass beaker and evaporated in an ambient-air dryer. The beaker with dried residue shall then be desiccated to constant weight (less than ± 0.5 mg change within a 2-hour period), and the extractable residue shall be weighed.
3. ESS hardware: All hardware components which are in the flue-gas sample stream (stainless steel probe, TeflonŠ sampling line, stainless steel filter housing, and all other TeflonŠ and stainless steel fittings) through the top of the sorbent-resin cartridge, shall be cleaned with a solvent mixture of 50 percent dichloromethane and 50 percent methanol. The cleaning solvent solutions shall be placed in tared glass beakers, evaporated in an ambient-air dryer, desiccated to constant weight (less than ± 0.5 mg change within a 2-hour period), and weighed.
EPA Method 5H procedures (40 CFR Part 60, Appendix A) for desiccation and weighing time intervals shall be followed for steps 1 through 3 above.
31.203.12.5.2 The ESS shall be serviced both at the start and
end of a fireplace testing period. During installation, leak
checks shall be performed; the thermocouples, fuel-weighing
scale, and oxygen-cell shall be calibrated, and the data
logger shall be programmed. At the end of the test period,
final calibration, and leak-check procedures shall again be
performed, and the ESS sampling line, filter housing, XAD-2
cartridge, sampling probe, and TedlarŠ bag shall be removed,
sealed, and transported to the laboratory for analysis. If
the pretest and posttest leak checks of the ESS system exceed
0.00033 liters per second, the test-burn emission results
shall be invalid.
31.203.12.6 Data processing and quality assurance.
31.203.12.6.1 Upon returning to the laboratory facilities, the
data file (computer disk) shall be reviewed to check for
proper equipment operation. The data-logger data files, log
books, and records maintained by field staff shall be reviewed
to ensure sample integrity.
The computer-logged data file shall be used in conjunction with the ESS particulate samples and sample-gas bag analyses to calculate the emission factor, emission rate, and fireplace operational parameters. An example ESS results report is presented in Table 31-2-A.
31.203.12.6.2 Burning period. The total burning period is
calculated by:
Total Burning Period = (Length of each sample cycle) x (Number of flue temperature readings over 25°F (14°C) greater than the ambient temperature of the test facility).
WHERE:
1. Length of each sample cycle: The time between each temperature recording as configured in the CONLOG software settings (standardized at 5 minutes).
2. Number of flue temperature readings during fireplace use: The total number of temperature readings when the calibrated temperature value was more than 25°F (14°C) greater than the ambient temperature of the test facility.
31.203.12.6.3 Particulate emissions.
31.203.12.6.3.1 ESS particulate emission factor. The equation
for the total ESS particulate emission factor for each
test-burn presented below produces reporting units of grams
per dry kilogram of fuel burned (g/kg):
Particulate emission factor (g/kg) |
= |
(Particulate Catch) x (Stoichiometric Volume) x (Flue-gas Dilution Factor) (Sampling Time) x (Sampling Rate) |
WHERE:
1. Particulate Catch: The total mass, in grams, of particulate material caught on the filter, in the XAD-2 resin cartridge (semivolatile compounds); and in the probe clean-up and rinse solutions.
2. Stoichiometric Volume: Stoichiometric volume is the volume of dry air needed to completely combust one dry kilogram of fuel with no "excess air." This value is determined by using a chemical reaction balance between the specific fuel being used and the chemical components of air. The stoichiometric volume for Douglas fir is 86.78 cubic feet per pound (5 404 liters per dry kilogram) at 68°F (20°C) and 29.92 inches (760 mm) of mercury pressure.
3. Flue-gas Dilution Factor: The degree to which the sampled combustion gases have been diluted in the flue by air in excess of the stoichiometric volume (called excess air). The dilution factor is obtained by using the average sampled carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide values obtained from the sample gas bag analyses and the following equation:
Flue-Gas Dilution Factor =
| Place illustration here. |
| Note: | Multiplying the g/kg emission factor by the burn rate (dry kg/hr) yields particulate emissions in grams per hour (g/hr). Burn rate is calculated by the following equation: |
| Burn Rate (kg/hr) = | Total Fuel (kg) Total Burn Period (hours) |
Total Fuel is the total fuel added during the entire test-burn minus the remaining unburned materials at the end of the test-burn.
4. Sampling Time: The number of minutes the sampler pump operated during the total test-burn period.
5. Sampling Rate: Sampling rate is controlled by the critical orifice installed in the sampler. The actual calibrated sampling rate is used here.
31.203.12.6.3.2 EPA Method 5H particulate emissions.
ESS-measured emissions factors submitted to DOE for approval
must first be converted to U.S. EPA Method 5H equivalents.
The ESS particulate emissions factor results obtained in
Section 31.203.12.6.1 are converted to be equivalent to the
U.S. EPA Method 5H emissions factor results by the following
equation:
PEF is the ESS-measured particulate emission factor for a test-burn.
31.203.12.6.4 CO emissions. The carbon monoxide (CO) emission
factor equation produces grams of CO per dry kilogram of fuel
burned. The grams per kilogram equation includes some
equation components described above.
CO emission factor (g/kg) = |
(Fraction CO) x (Stoichiometric Volume) x (Dilution Factor) x (Molecular Weight of CO) (24.45 L/mole) |
1. Fraction CO: The fraction of CO measured in the gas sampling bag.
| Note: | Percent CO divided by 100 gives the fraction CO. |
Multiplying the results of the above equation by the burn rate (dry kg/hr) yields the grams per hour (g/hr) CO emission rate.
| ESS Emission Results | |
| Test Facility Location: | xxxx |
| Test Laboratory: | xxxx |
| Test-Burn Number: | xxxx |
| Start Time/Date: | xxxx |
| End Time/Date: | xxxx |
| Fireplace Model: | xxxx |
| TIME | |
| Total Test Period | 152.3 hours |
| Total Burn Time | 64.6 hours |
| Flue > 25 Degrees F above ambient temperature |
42.4 % |
| ESS SETTINGS | |
| ESS Sample Rate | 1.004 l/min |
| Sample Cycle | 5.0 min |
| Sample Time/Sample Cycle | 0.443 min |
| TEST FUEL | |
| Total Fuel Used (wet weight) | 101.3 kg |
| Ave. Fuel Moisture (dry basis) | 17.7 % |
| Total Fuel Used (dry weight) | 86.1 kg |
| Average Test-Fuel Charge | 14.5 kg |
| Average Burn Rate | 1.33 dry kg/hr |
| PARTICULATE EMISSIONS (EPA METHOD 5H EQUIVALENTS) | |
| Gram/Kilogram | 2.6 g/kg |
| Gram/Hour | 3.4 g/hr |
| Gram/Cubic Meter | 0.06 g/m3 |
| CARBON MONOXIDE EMISSIONS | |
| Gram/Kilogram | 48.0 g/kg |
| Gram/Hour | 64.0 g/hr |
| Gram/Cubic Meter | 1.25 g/m3 |
| AVERAGE TEMPERATURES | ||
| Fuel-Gas Temperatures | 135°C | 275°F |
| Flue Exit Temperature | 154°C | 308°F |
| Test Facility Ambient Temperature | 19°C | 66°F |
| AVERAGE FLUE-GAS CONCENTRATIONS | |
| Flue Oxygen (SE) | 18.15 % |
| Flue Oxygen (gas bag or analyzer) | 18.05 % |
| Flue CO (gas bag or analyzer) | 0.10 % |
| Flue CO2 (gas bag or analyzer) | 2.60 % |
| BREAKDOWN OF ESS PARTICULATE SAMPLE | |
| Rinse | 25.5 mg |
| XAD | 6.3 mg |
| Filter | 15.7 mg |
| Blank | 0.0 mg |
| TOTAL | 47.4 mg |
| Notes: | NM = Not Measured, NA = Not Applicable, NU = Not Used |
| Total time flue temperature greater than 25°F over ambient temperature. |
31.203.13 Calibrations.
31.203.13.1 Balance. Before each certification test, the
balance used for weighing test-fuel charges shall be audited
by weighing at least one calibration weight (Class F) that
corresponds to 20 percent to 80 percent of the expected
test-fuel charge weight. If the scale cannot reproduce the
value of the calibration weight within 0.1 lb (0.05 kg) or 1
percent of the expected test-fuel charge weight, whichever is
greater, recalibrate the scale before use with at least five
calibration weights spanning the operational range of the
scale.
31.203.13.2 Temperature monitor. Calibrate the Temperature
Monitor before the first certification test and semiannually
thereafter.
31.203.13.3 Fuel moisture meter. Calibrate the Fuel Moisture
Meter as per the manufacturer's instructions before each
certification test.
31.203.13.4 Anemometer. Calibrate the anemometer as specified
by the manufacturer's instructions before the first
certification test and semiannually thereafter.
31.203.13.5 Barometer. Calibrate the barometer against a
mercury barometer before the first certification test and
semiannually thereafter.
31.203.13.6 Draft gauge. Calibrate the draft gauge as per the
manufacturer's instructions; a liquid manometer does not
require calibration.
31.203.13.7 ESS. The ESS shall be calibrated as specified in
Section 31.203.12.1.
31.203.14 Reporting criteria. Submit both raw and reduced
data for all fireplace tests. Specific reporting requirements
are as follows:
31.203.14.1 Fireplace identification. Report fireplace
identification information including manufacturer, model, and
serial number. Include a copy of fireplace installation and
operation manuals.
31.203.14.2 Test facility information. Report test facility
location, temperature, and air velocity information.
31.203.14.3 Test equipment calibration and audit information.
Report calibration and audit results for the test-fuel
balance, test-fuel moisture meter, analytical balance, and
sampling equipment including volume metering systems and
gaseous analyzers.
31.203.14.4 Pretest information and conditions. Report all
pretest conditions including test-fuel charge weight,
fireplace temperatures, and air supply settings.
31.203.14.5 Particulate emission data. Report a summary of
test results for all test-burns conducted and the
arithmetically averaged emission factor for all test-burns
used for certification. Submit copies of all data sheets and
other records collected during the testing. Submit examples
of all calculations.
31.203.14.6 Required test report information and suggested
format. Test report information requirements to be provided
to DOE for approval/certification of fireplaces are presented
in this standard. The requirements are presented here in a
recommended report format.
31.203.14.6.1 Introduction.
1. Purpose of test: Certification or audit.
2. Fireplace identification: Manufacturer, model number, catalytic/noncatalytic, and options. Include a copy of fireplace installation and operation manuals.
3. Laboratory: Name, location, and participants.
4. Test information: Date fireplace was received, date of tests, sampling methods used, and number of test-burns.
31.203.14.6.2 Summary and discussion of results.
1. Table of results: Test-burn number, burn rate,
particulate emission factor (in U.S. EPA Method 5H
equivalents), efficiency (if determined), and averages
(indicate which test-burns are used).
2. Summary of other data: Test facility conditions, surface temperature averages, catalyst temperature averages, test-fuel charge weights, and test-burn times.
3. Discussion: Specific test-burn problems and solutions.
31.203.14.6.3 Process description.
1. Fireplace dimensions: Volume, height, width, lengths (or other linear dimensions), weight, and hearth area.
2. Firebox configuration: Air supply locations and operation, air supply introduction location, refractory location and dimensions, catalyst location, baffle and by-pass location and operation (include line drawings and photographs).
3. Process operation during test: Air supply settings and adjustments, fuel bed adjustments, and draft.
4. Test fuel: Test fuel properties (moisture and temperature), test fuel description (include line drawings or photograph), and test fuel charge density.
31.203.14.6.4 Sampling locations. Describe sampling location
relative to fireplace. Include line drawings and photographs.
31.203.14.6.5 Sampling and analytical procedures.
1. Sampling methods: Brief reference to operational and sampling procedures, and optional and alternative procedures used.
2. Analytical methods: Brief description of sample recovery and analysis procedures.
31.203.14.6.6 Quality control and assurance procedures and
results.
1. Calibration procedures and results: Certification, sampling, and analysis procedures.
2. Test method quality control procedures: Leak-checks, volume-meter checks, stratification (velocity) checks, and proportionality results.
31.203.14.6.7 Appendices.
1. Results and Example Calculations. Include complete summary tables and accompanying examples of all calculations.
2. Raw Data. Include copies of all uncorrected data sheets for sampling measurements, temperature records, and sample recovery data. Include copies of all burn rate and fireplace temperature data.
3. Sampling and Analytical Procedures. Include detailed description of procedures followed by laboratory personnel in conducting the certification test, emphasizing particularly, parts of the procedures differing from the prescribed methods (e.g., DOE approved alternatives).
4. Calibration Results. Summary of all calibrations, checks, and audits pertinent to certification test results including dates.
5. Participants. Test personnel, manufacturer representatives, and regulatory observers.
6. Sampling and Operation Records. Copies of uncorrected records of activities not included on raw data sheets (e.g., fireplace door open times and durations).
7. Additional Information. Fireplace manufacturer's written instructions for operation during the certification test and copies of the production-ready (print-ready) temporary and permanent labels required in Section 31.208 shall be included in the test report prepared by the test laboratory.
31.203.14.7 References.
1. Code of Federal Regulations, U.S. EPA Title 40, Part 60, Subpart AAA and Appendix A (40 CFR Part 60).
2. Barnett, S. G. and P. G. Fields, 1991, In-Home Performance of Exempt Pellet Stoves in Medford, Oregon, prepared for U.S. Department of Energy, Oregon Department of Energy, Tennessee Valley Authority, and Oregon Department of Environmental Quality, July 1991.
3. Barnett, S. G. and R. R. Roholt, 1990, In-Home Performance of Certified Pellet Stoves in Medford and Klamath Falls, Oregon, prepared for the U.S. Department of Energy, 1990.
4. Barnett, S. G., 1990, "Field Performance of Advanced Technology Woodstoves in Glens Falls, New York, 1988-1989," for New York State Energy Research and Development Authority, U.S. EPA, Coalition of Northeastern Governors, Canadian Combustion Research Laboratory, and the Wood Heating Alliance, December 1989.
SECTION 31.204 -- APPROVAL PROCEDURE FOR FIREPLACES.
On or after the effective date of this regulation, a
manufacturer or builder of a fireplace who wishes to have a
fireplace model line or fireplace design designated as an
approved (or certified) fireplace, shall submit to DOE for its
review the following information:
31.204.1 Manufacturer name and street address, model or design
identification, construction specifications, and drawings of
the firebox and required chimney system.
31.204.2 A test report prepared in accordance with Section
31.203.14.6 showing that testing has been conducted by a DOE
approved and U.S. EPA accredited laboratory, and that the
arithmetically averaged particulate emission factors for that
fireplace model line or design, tested in accordance with
Washington State Building Code Standard 31-2, Section 31.202,
does not exceed 7.3 g/kg (U.S. EPA Method 5H equivalent as
determined in Section 31.203.12.6.3.2) for factory-built
fireplace model lines or designs or 12.0 g/kg (U.S. EPA Method
5H equivalent as determined in Section 31.203.12.6.3.2) for
new certified masonry fireplace model lines or designs. After
January 1, 1999, particulate emission factors for
factory-built and new certified masonry fireplace model lines
or designs shall not exceed 7.3 g/kg (U.S. EPA Method 5H
equivalents as determined in Section 31.203.12.6.3.2).
SECTION 31.205 -- APPROVAL OF NONTESTED FIREPLACES.
On or after the effective date of this regulation, DOE
may grant approval for a fireplace model line or design that
has not been tested pursuant to Section 31.204 upon submission
of the following by the applicant:
31.205.1 Manufacturer name and street address, model or design
identification, construction specifications, and drawings of
the internal assembly system.
31.205.2 Documentation from an EPA accredited laboratory that
the model is a fireplace within the definition of this
regulation, has substantially the same core construction as a
model already tested by a DOE approved and EPA accredited
laboratory, and is substantially similar to the approved model
in internal assembly design, combustion function, and probable
emissions performance as listed in Section 31.204.2.
SECTION 31.206 -- APPROVAL THROUGH ALTERNATIVE TEST PROTOCOL.
As provided in Section 31.202.4, an alternative testing
protocol may be submitted by a DOE approved and EPA accredited
laboratory for acceptance by DOE as equivalent to Washington
State Building Code Standard 31-2.
SECTION 31.207 -- APPROVAL TERMINATION.
All fireplace model line or design approvals shall
terminate five years from the approval date. Previously
approved fireplace model line and/or design may be granted
reapproval (recertification) upon application to and review by
DOE. No testing shall be required for fireplace model line or
design reapprovals unless DOE determines that design changes
have been incorporated into the fireplace that could adversely
affect the emissions factor, or testing is otherwise
stipulated by DOE.
DOE may revoke a fireplace model line or design approval certification if it is determined that the fireplaces being produced in a specific model line do not comply with the requirements of Section 31.200. Such a determination shall be based on all available evidence, including:
1. Test data from a retesting (audit test) of the original unit on which the certification test was conducted or a sample unit from the current model line;
2. A finding that the certification test was not valid;
3. A finding that the labeling of the fireplace does not comply with the requirements of Section 31.200;
4. Failure by the fireplace manufacturer (builder) to comply with reporting and recordkeeping requirements under Section 31.200;
5. Physical examination showing that a significant percentage of production units inspected are not similar in all material respects to the fireplace submitted for testing; or
6. Failure of the manufacturer to conduct a quality assurance program in conformity with Section 31.208.
Revocation of certification under this section shall not take effect until the manufacturer (builder) concerned has been given written notice by DOE setting forth the basis for the proposed determination and an opportunity to request a hearing.
SECTION 31.208 -- QUALITY CONTROL.
Once within 30 days of each annual anniversary after the
initial approval/certification, a DOE approved and U.S. EPA
accredited laboratory shall inspect the most recently produced
fireplace of an approved model line or design at its
manufacturing location (site, if site-built) to document
adherence to the approved/certified fireplace design
specifications. If no fireplaces of an approved model line or
design were produced (built) during the previous 12 months, no
inspection is required.
An inspection report for each approved fireplace model line or design must be submitted to DOE within 30 days after the inspection date. The inspection report shall include, as a minimum, the model identification and serial number of the fireplace inspected, the location where the model was inspected, the names of the manufacturer's and/or builder's representatives present, the date of inspection, and a description of any changes made to the approved fireplace model line or design since the last inspection. The U.S. EPA accredited laboratory which conducts the annual quality control inspection is responsible for auditing the content and format of all labels to be applied to approved fireplaces as stipulated in 31.209.
A fireplace model line or design shall be retested in accordance with Section 31.202 if it is determined during inspection that design changes have been incorporated into the approved/certified fireplace design which adversely affect the fireplace particulate emissions factor. Design elements which can affect fireplace particulate emissions include:
1. Grate placement and height;
2. Air supply minimum and maximum controls;
3. Usable hearth area; and
4. Firebox height, width, and length dimensions.
SECTION 31.209 -- PERMANENT LABEL, TEMPORARY LABEL AND OWNER'S MANUAL.
31.209.1 Labels and the owner's manual. Labels and owner's
manual shall be prepared and installed in all certified "FOR
SALE" fireplaces as specified in U.S. EPA 40 CFR Part 60,
Section 60.536. Information that shall be presented on all
labels includes:
1. Manufacturer's or builder's name, address, and phone number;
2. Model number and/or name;
3. Month and year of manufacture;
4. Starting and ending dates for the 5-year approval period;
5. If a fireplace was tested and approved with an emissions control device which is not an integral part of the fireplace structure, the label shall state that "The fireplace cannot be sold or installed without the specified emissions control device in place and operational";
6. On certified fireplaces the statement: "This appliance has been tested and has demonstrated compliance with Washington state amendment to the Washington State Building Code Standard 31-2 requirements."
SECTION 31.210 -- LIST OF APPROVED FIREPLACES.
DOE shall maintain a list of approved fireplace model
lines and designs, and that list shall be available to the
public.
[]