WSR 18-06-087
PROPOSED RULES
SECRETARY OF STATE
[Filed March 6, 2018, 3:19 p.m.]
Original Notice.
Preproposal statement of inquiry was filed as WSR 17-10-038.
Title of Rule and Other Identifying Information: Elections related to ballot declaration, ballot postmark, security, replacement ballots, recounts, voter intent, ballot signatures, initiative signatures, validation statistics, recounts, and other related subjects.
Hearing Location(s): On April 12, 2018, at 10:00 a.m., at the Secretary of State Elections Office, 520 Union Avenue S.E., Olympia, WA 8501 [98501].
Date of Intended Adoption: April 13.
Submit Written Comments to: Sheryl Moss, P.O. Box 40229, Olympia, WA 98504-0229, email sheryl.moss@sos.wa.gov, fax 360-664-4619, by March 26, 2018.
Assistance for Persons with Disabilities: Contact Sheryl Moss, phone 360-902-4180, fax 360-664-4619, email sheryl.moss@sos.wa.gov, by March 26, 2018.
Purpose of the Proposal and Its Anticipated Effects, Including Any Changes in Existing Rules: The proposed amendments provide statewide consistency in election administration and voter registration. The [This] includes clarification of a voter's signature for ballots and state petitions, the ballot declaration, ballot postmark, recounts, voter intent, replacement ballots, ballot processing, testing of tabulation programing and accessible voting units, validation statistics, secure storage and locations.
Reasons Supporting Proposal: Changes clarify procedures for the improvement of election administration, voter registration, and the initiative process for statewide consistency.
Statutory Authority for Adoption: RCW 29A.04.611.
Rule is not necessitated by federal law, federal or state court decision.
Name of Proponent: Office of the secretary of state, governmental.
Name of Agency Personnel Responsible for Drafting and Implementation: Sheryl Moss, Miriam Campbell, P.O. Box 40229, Olympia, WA 98504, 360-902-4180; and Enforcement: Sheryl Moss, P.O. Box 40229, Olympia, WA 98504, 360-902-4180.
A school district fiscal impact statement is not required under RCW 28A.305.135.
A cost-benefit analysis is not required under RCW 34.05.328. Not applicable.
This rule proposal, or portions of the proposal, is exempt from requirements of the Regulatory Fairness Act because the proposal:
Is exempt under RCW 19.85.025(3) as the rules relate only to internal governmental operations that are not subject to violation by a nongovernment party; and rules only correct typographical errors, make address or name changes, or clarify language of a rule without changing its effect.
March 6, 2018
Mark Neary
Assistant Secretary of State
AMENDATORY SECTION (Amending WSR 17-12-090, filed 6/6/17, effective 7/7/17)
WAC 434-230-015 Ballots and instructions.
(1) Each ballot shall specify the county, the date, and whether the election is a primary, special or general.
(2) Each ballot must include instructions directing the voter how to mark the ballot, including write-in votes if candidate races appear on the ballot.
(3) Instructions that accompany a ballot must:
(a) Instruct the voter how to cancel a vote by drawing a line through the text of the candidate's name or ballot measure response;
(b) Notify the voter that, unless specifically allowed by law, more than one vote for an office or ballot measure will be an overvote and no votes for that office or ballot measure will be counted;
(c) Explain how to complete and sign the ballot declaration. The following declaration must accompany the ballot:
"I do solemnly swear or affirm under penalty of perjury that I am:
A citizen of the United States;
A legal resident of the state of Washington;
At least 18 years old on election day;
Voting only once in this election;
Not under the authority of the Department of Corrections for a Washington felony conviction; ((and))
Not disqualified from voting due to a court order((.));
Not voting in any other jurisdiction in the United States for this election; and
It is illegal to forge a signature or cast another person's ballot. Attempting to vote when not qualified, attempting to vote more than once, or falsely signing this declaration is a felony punishable by a maximum imprisonment of five years, a maximum fine of $10,000, or both."
The declaration must include space for the voter to sign and date the declaration, for the voter to write his or her phone number, and for two witnesses to sign if the voter is unable to sign.
(d) Explain how ((to)) the voter may make a mark, witnessed by two other people, if the voter is unable to ((sign the declaration)) write their signature;
(e) Explain that a power of attorney cannot be used to sign a ballot for someone else;
(f) Explain how to place the ballot in the security envelope and place the security envelope in the return envelope;
(((f))) (g) Explain how to obtain a replacement ballot if the original ballot is destroyed, spoiled, or lost;
(((g))) (h) If applicable, explain that postage is required, or exactly how much postage is required. See WAC 434-250-200 on return postage;
(((h))) (i) Explain that, in order for the ballot to be counted, it must be either postmarked no later than election day or deposited at a ballot drop box no later than 8:00 p.m. election day;
(((i))) (j) Explain how to learn about the locations, hours, and services of voting centers and ballot drop boxes, including the availability of accessible voting equipment;
(((j))) (k) Include, for a primary election that includes a partisan office other than a presidential primary race, a notice on an insert explaining:
"In each race, you may vote for any one candidate listed. The two candidates who receive the most votes in the primary will advance to the general election.
Each candidate for partisan office may state a political party that he or she prefers. A candidate's preference does not imply that the candidate is nominated or endorsed by the party, or that the party approves of or associates with that candidate."
(((k))) (l)(i) Include, for a general election that includes a partisan office, the following explanation:
"If a primary election was held for an office, the two candidates who received the most votes in the primary advanced to the general election.
Each candidate for partisan office may state a political party that he or she prefers. A candidate's preference does not imply that the candidate is nominated or endorsed by the party, or that the party approves of or associates with that candidate."
(ii) In a year that president and vice president appear on the general election ballot, the following must be added to the statement required by (k)(i) of this subsection:
"The election for president and vice president is different. Candidates for president and vice president are the official nominees of their political party."
(4) Instructions that accompany a special absentee ballot authorized by RCW 29A.40.050 must also explain that the voter may request and subsequently vote a regular ballot, and that if the regular ballot is received by the county auditor, the regular ballot will be tabulated and the special absentee ballot will be voided.
(5) Each ballot must explain, either in the general instructions or in the heading of each race, the number of candidates for whom the voter may vote (e.g., "vote for one").
(6)(a) If the ballot includes a partisan office other than a presidential primary race, the ballot must include the following notice in bold print immediately above the first partisan congressional, state or county office: "READ: Each candidate for partisan office may state a political party that he or she prefers. A candidate's preference does not imply that the candidate is nominated or endorsed by the party, or that the party approves of or associates with that candidate."
(b) When the race for president and vice president appears on a general election ballot, instead of the notice required by (a) of this subsection, the ballot must include the following notice in bold print after president and vice president but immediately above the first partisan congressional, state or county office: "READ: Each candidate for president and vice president is the official nominee of a political party. For other partisan offices, each candidate may state a political party that he or she prefers. A candidate's preference does not imply that the candidate is nominated or endorsed by the party, or that the party approves of or associates with that candidate."
(c) The same notice may also be listed in the ballot instructions.
(7) Counties may use varying sizes and colors of ballots, provided such size and color is used consistently throughout a region, area or jurisdiction (e.g., legislative district, commissioner district, school district, etc.). Varying color and size may also be used to designate various types of ballots.
(8) Ballots shall be formatted as provided in RCW 29A.36.170.
(9) Removable stubs are not considered part of the ballot.
(10) If ballots are printed with sequential numbers or other sequential identifiers, the county auditor must take steps to prevent ballots from being issued sequentially, in order to protect secrecy of the ballot.
Counties may use ballot envelopes and instruction in stock until December 31, 2018.
AMENDATORY SECTION (Amending WSR 11-24-064, filed 12/6/11, effective 1/6/12)
WAC 434-250-080 Replacement ballots.
The county auditor ((may)) shall issue a replacement ballot, as authorized by RCW 29A.40.070, if the request is received prior to 8:00 p.m. on election day. Requests may be made in person, in writing, by telephone, or electronically, by the voter, a family member, or a registered domestic partner.
Each county auditor shall allow access to an electronic ballot system to both active and inactive voters for replacement ballots no later than the eighth day prior to election day.
If a voter appears in person at a county auditor's office before 8:00 p.m. election day and requests a ballot, the county auditor must determine if the voter is registered to vote in Washington.
(1) If the voter is registered in the same county, issue a replacement ballot.
(2) If the voter is registered in another county, access and print a replacement ballot from that county, if the electronic ballot system is available.
(3) If the voter is not registered within the state or the electronic ballot system is not available, the county auditor must offer the voter a provisional ballot.
Replacement ballots or the original ballot, whichever is received first, shall be credited to the voter's registration file and tabulated if the ballot meets all requirements for tabulation. If the auditor receives additional ballots from a voter, as indicated by the fact that the voter is already credited with voting, the additional ballots shall not be counted and shall be forwarded to the county canvassing board for rejection.
AMENDATORY SECTION (Amending WSR 14-06-040, filed 2/26/14, effective 3/29/14)
WAC 434-250-110 Processing ballots.
(1) "Initial processing" means all steps taken to prepare ballots for tabulation. Initial processing includes, but is not limited to:
(a) Verification of the signature and postmark on the ballot declaration;
(b) Removal of the security envelope from the return envelope;
(c) Removal of the ballot from the security envelope;
(d) Manual inspection for damage, write-in votes, and incorrect or incomplete marks;
(e) Duplication of damaged and write-in ballots;
(f) Scanning and resolution of ballots on a digital scan voting system; and
(g) Other preparation of ballots for final processing.
(2) "Final processing" means the reading of ballots by an optical scan voting system for the purpose of producing returns of votes cast, but does not include tabulation.
(3) "Tabulation" means the production of returns of votes cast for candidates or ballot measures in a form that can be read by a person, whether as precinct totals, partial cumulative totals, or final cumulative totals.
(4) Prior to initial processing of ballots, the county auditor shall notify the county chair of each major political party of the time and date on which processing shall begin, and shall request that each major political party appoint official observers to observe the processing and tabulation of ballots. If any major political party has appointed observers, such observers may be present for initial processing, final processing, or tabulation, if they so choose, but failure to appoint or attend shall not preclude the processing or tabulation of ballots.
(5) Initial processing of voted ballots((, which may include scanning and resolving ballots on a digital scan voting system,)) may begin as soon as voted ballots are received. Initial processing includes digital scanning and resolution of ballots where tabulation does not take place. All ballots must be kept in secure storage until final processing. Secure storage must employ the use of numbered seals and logs, or other security measures which will detect any inappropriate or unauthorized access to the secured ballot materials when they are not being prepared or processed by authorized personnel. The county auditor must ensure that all security envelopes and return envelopes are empty, either by a visual inspection of the punched hole to confirm that no ballots or other materials are still in the envelopes, or by storing the envelopes with a tie, string, or other object through the holes.
(6) Final processing of voted ballots, which may include scanning ballots on an optical scan voting system, may begin after 7:00 a.m. on the day of the election. Final processing may begin after 7:00 a.m. the day before the election if the county auditor follows a security plan that has been submitted by the county auditor and approved by the secretary of state to prevent tabulation until after 8:00 p.m. on the day of the election.
(7) Tabulation may begin after 8:00 p.m. on the day of the election.
(8) In counties tabulating ballots on an optical scan vote tallying system, the vote tallying system must reject all overvotes and blank ballots.
(a) All rejected ballots shall be outstacked for additional manual inspection.
(b) The outstacked ballots shall be inspected in a manner similar to the original inspection with special attention given to stray marks, erasures, and other conditions that may have caused the vote-tallying device to misread and reject the ballot.
(c) If inspection reveals that a ballot must be duplicated in order to be read correctly by the vote tallying system, the ballot must be duplicated.
AMENDATORY SECTION (Amending WSR 14-06-040, filed 2/26/14, effective 3/29/14)
WAC 434-250-120 Verification of the signature and return date.
(1) A mail ballot shall be counted if:
(a) The ballot declaration is signed with a valid signature. A valid signature may be the voter's name or a distinctive mark or symbol signed by the voter.
(i) If the voter is unable to sign his or her name, the voter may make a mark or symbol with two witnesses' signatures. A signature stamp accompanied by two witness signatures is an acceptable mark.
(ii) A power of attorney cannot be used as a signature for a voter;
(b) The signature has been verified pursuant to WAC 434-379-020((, or if the voter is unable to sign his or her name, two other persons have witnessed the voter's mark)); and
(c)(i) The envelope is postmarked not later than the day of the election and received not later than the day before certification of the election. A postmark is any official mark, imprint, or application that verifies when a ballot entered the U.S. postal system. The postmark on the envelope is the official date of mailing. If there are two postmarks, the earlier postmark is the date of mailing. A hand cancellation by an agent of the U.S. Postal Service is a postmark.
If the postmark is illegible or missing, the date of the voter's signature is the date of mailing as per RCW 29A.40.110. If the postmark is illegible or missing and the voter did not include a date with their signature, county auditors may use available U.S. Postal Service tools to verify the date of mailing;
(ii) The ballot is deposited in a ballot drop box no later than 8:00 p.m. on election day; or
(iii) The ballot is received by fax or email no later than 8:00 p.m. on election day. If the ballot is from a voter who is neither a service nor overseas voter, a hard copy of the ballot and ballot declaration must also be received no later than the day before certification of the election.
(2) Postage that includes a date, such as meter postage or a dated stamp, does not qualify as a postmark. If an envelope lacks a postmark or if the postmark is unreadable, the date to which the voter has attested on the ballot declaration determines the validity of the ballot, per RCW 29A.40.110. If a ballot is from a service or overseas voter, the date to which the voter has attested on the ballot declaration determines the validity of the ballot, per RCW 29A.40.100.
(3) The signature on the ballot declaration must be compared with the signature in the voter's voter registration file using the standards established in WAC 434-379-020. The signature on a ballot declaration may not be rejected merely because the signature is not dated, unless the date is necessary to validate the timeliness of the ballot. The signature on a ballot declaration may not be rejected merely because the name in the signature is a variation of the name on the voter registration record. The canvassing board may designate in writing representatives to perform this function. All personnel assigned to the duty of signature verification shall subscribe to an oath administered by the county auditor regarding the discharge of his or her duties. Personnel shall be instructed in the signature verification process prior to actually canvassing any signatures. Local law enforcement officials may instruct those employees in techniques used to identify forgeries.
(4)(a) For ballots returned by fax or email, the county auditor must apply procedures to protect the secrecy of the ballot. If returned by email, the county auditor must print the email and attachments; the printed email and signed declaration page must be processed and retained like other ballot declarations, and the printed ballot must be processed and retained like other ballots. The electronic versions of the email, ballot declaration, and ballot are exempt from public disclosure in order to maintain secrecy of the ballot. Voted ballots returned by email may be returned with multiple attachments or as multiple emails.
(b) If the ballot is from a voter who is neither a service nor overseas voter, the voter must also return a hard copy of the ballot and ballot declaration no later than the day before certification.
(i) Consistent with WAC 434-250-080, the first valid ballot and declaration received is counted; subsequently received versions are not counted.
(ii) In order to maintain secrecy of the ballot, the hard copy ballot may not be compared to the ballot received electronically.
(iii) Voted ballots returned electronically no later than 8:00 p.m. on election day are timely even if the hard copy subsequently returned contains a postmark after election day.
(c) Ballots returned electronically with a missing or mismatched signature are processed as established in RCW 29A.60.165 and WAC 434-261-050.
(5) The signature verification process shall be open to the public, subject to reasonable procedures adopted and promulgated by the canvassing board to ensure that order is maintained and to safeguard the integrity of the process.
AMENDATORY SECTION (Amending WSR 09-03-110, filed 1/21/09, effective 2/21/09)
WAC 434-261-045 Secure storage.
((Received ballots and ballot images must be maintained)) Secure storage is a container or room that stores voted ballots and electronic data containing voted ballot images. Secure storage must employ the use of numbered seals and logs, or other security measures, that document each individual's access to the voted ballots or voted ballot images, and detect inappropriate access to the secure storage. Voted ballots and voted electronic ballot images must remain in secure storage except during processing, duplication, resolution, inspection by the canvassing board, or tabulation. ((Secure storage must employ the use of numbered seals and logs, or other security measures that will detect any inappropriate access to the secured materials. Ballots and)) Unsecured ballots must be accompanied by at least two county auditor staff at all times.
A secure location is a room or other facility where programming and equipment used for ballot tabulation are stored. A secure location must use the same security measures as for voted ballots and voted ballot images.
Use of numbered seals requires:
(1) A seal log that documents the numbers of the seals and the individuals applying or removing seals; and
(2) At least two individuals present when seals are applied or removed. Both must sign the seal log.
Closing of unstaffed ballot boxes must follow WAC 434-250-100. Voted ballots and voted ballot images may only be accessed in accordance with RCW 29A.60.110 and 29A.60.125.
AMENDATORY SECTION (Amending WSR 12-14-074, filed 7/2/12, effective 8/2/12)
WAC 434-261-050 Unsigned ballot declaration or mismatched signatures.
(1) If a voter neglects to sign a ballot declaration, signs with a mark and fails to have two witnesses attest to the signature, or signs but the signature on the ballot declaration does not match the signature on the voter registration record, the county auditor shall notify the voter by first class mail of the correct procedures for curing the signature. If the ballot is received during the last three business days before the final meeting of the canvassing board, or the voter has been notified by first class mail and has not responded by the last three business days before the final meeting of the canvassing board, the county auditor must attempt to notify the voter by telephone using information in the voter registration record.
(2) If the voter neglects to sign, or signs with a mark and fails to have two witnesses attest to the signature, the voter must either:
(a) Appear in person and sign the declaration no later than the day before certification of the primary or election; or
(b) Sign a copy of the declaration, or mark the declaration in front of two witnesses, and return it to the county auditor no later than the day before certification of the primary or election.
(3) If the signature on the declaration does not match the signature on the voter registration record, the voter must either:
(a) Appear in person and sign a new registration form no later than the day before certification of the primary or election. The updated signature provided on the registration form becomes the signature in the voter registration record for the current election and future elections; or
(b) Sign a signature update form that includes both the ballot declaration required by WAC 434-230-015 and the voter registration oath required by RCW 29A.08.230, and return it to the county auditor no later than the day before certification of the primary or election. The signature on the signature update form must match the signature on the returned ballot declaration. The signature provided on the signature update form becomes the signature in the voter registration record for the current election and future elections.
(4)(a) If the signature on the declaration does not match the signature on the registration record because the last name is different, the ballot may be counted as long as the first name and handwriting are clearly the same. If it appears that the voter has changed his or her name, and the information required under RCW 29A.08.440 to complete a name change is not provided or is illegible, the county auditor shall send the voter a change-of-name form under RCW 29A.08.440 and direct the voter to complete the form.
(b) If the signature on the ballot declaration does not match the signature on the registration record because the voter signed with a middle name, nickname, or initials, the ballot may be counted as long as the last name and handwriting are clearly the same.
(5) If the name on the signature does not match the printed name, and the signature on the ballot declaration does not match the signature on the voter registration record, because the ballot was signed by another registered voter, the ballot may be counted for the registered voter who actually signed the ballot declaration if:
(a) The voter who signed the declaration can be identified;
(b) The signature on the declaration matches the signature on the voter registration record; and
(c) The voter who signed the declaration has not returned another ballot.
The county auditor may only count the races and measures for which the voter who signed the declaration is eligible to vote.
(6) Disposition of other ballot signature circumstances:
(a) Ballot signed using a power of attorney. The county auditor shall process the ballot in the same manner as an unsigned ballot and send an affidavit that explains:
(i) A power of attorney cannot be used for voting purposes;
(ii) The penalty for voting another's ballot;
(iii) The voter must personally sign or make a mark witnessed by two people;
(iv) How to contact the county auditor immediately if the voter did not vote the ballot submitted.
The affidavit shall provide the following declaration for the voter's signature:
"I do solemnly swear or affirm under penalty of perjury that I:
Am a citizen of the United States;
Am a legal resident of the state of Washington;
Am at least 18 years old on election day;
Am voting only once in this election;
Am not under the authority of the department of corrections for a Washington felony conviction;
Am not disqualified from voting due to a court order;
Am not voting in any other jurisdiction in the United States in this election;
Voted the ballot submitted and am authorizing the ballot to be counted on my behalf; and
Understand it is illegal to forge a signature or cast another person's ballot. Attempting to vote when not qualified, attempting to vote more than once, or falsely signing this declaration is a felony punishable by a maximum imprisonment of five years, a maximum fine of $10,000, or both."
The county auditor shall forward the ballot to the prosecuting attorney for further investigation if the voter indicates they did not vote the ballot submitted.
(b) Ballot signed by a voter's signature stamp. The county auditor shall accept the signature stamp if it is accompanied by the signatures of two witnesses. Without the witness signatures, the county auditor shall process the ballot in the same manner as an unsigned ballot.
(c) Ballot signed by a different voter and that voter has already submitted a ballot. The county auditor shall process the ballot in the same manner as an unsigned ballot and send an affidavit that explains:
(i) The penalty for voting another's ballot;
(ii) The voter must personally sign or make a mark witnessed by two people;
(iii) How to contact the county auditor immediately if the voter did not vote the ballot submitted.
The affidavit shall provide the declaration for ballots signed by a power of attorney in subsection (6) of this section.
The county auditor shall forward the ballot to the prosecuting attorney for further investigation if the voter indicates they did not vote the ballot submitted.
(7) If it is determined that the signature on a ballot declaration does not match the signature on the registration record and, prior to 8:00 p.m. on election day, the registered voter asserts that the signature on the ballot declaration is not his or her signature, the voter may be provided the opportunity to vote a replacement ballot.
(((7))) (8) A voter may not cure a missing or mismatched signature for purposes of counting the ballot in a recount.
(((8))) (9) A record must be kept of all ballots with missing and mismatched signatures. The record must contain the date on which the voter was contacted or the notice was mailed, as well as the date on which the voter subsequently submitted a signature to cure the missing or mismatched signature. That record is a public record under chapter 42.56 RCW and may be disclosed to interested parties on written request.
AMENDATORY SECTION (Amending WSR 14-06-040, filed 2/26/14, effective 3/29/14)
WAC 434-261-086 Statewide standards on what is a vote.
(1) Pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 15481 (a)(6) and Bush v. Gore, 531 U.S. 98 (2000), the following standards determine whether irregular marks on a ballot constitute a valid vote that may be counted.
(a) Target area. Any marks made in the target area shall be counted as valid votes, with the exceptions below. Any marks made outside of the target area shall be valid only if they form a pattern of similar marks as outlined in (b) of this subsection, or qualify as written instructions in (e) of this subsection. Marks that trace or outline the target area are not valid votes unless they form a pattern of similar marks as outlined in (b) of this subsection. The following marks in the target area are exceptions that are not valid votes:
(i) Obvious stray marks;
(ii) Hesitation marks;
(iii) Parts of written notes; and
(iv) Corrected votes, as described in (c) and (e) of this subsection.
(b) Pattern of similar marks. Marks made outside of the target area shall be counted as valid votes as long as those marks form a pattern of similar marks. All races and issues for which the voter has indicated a choice outside the target area must have a similar mark.
(i) Marks made outside of the target area may be counted as valid votes even if one pattern of similar marks is used on one page of the ballot and another pattern of similar marks is used on another page of the ballot.
(ii) Marks made outside of the target area shall be counted as valid votes if one pattern of similar marks is used for measures and another pattern of similar marks is used for candidate races.
(iii) If some marks are in the target area and some are not, but the same type of mark is used, all such marks shall be counted as valid votes.
(iv) If the marks strike through candidate names or ballot measure responses in a pattern of similar marks throughout the ballot, all such marks shall be counted as valid votes.
(v) A mark outside the target area on a ballot that contains only one race or measure is not required to form a pattern.
(c) Corrected votes.
(i) If the voter has followed the instructions for correcting a vote, the stricken vote shall not be counted.
(ii) If a second choice is marked, it shall be counted as a valid vote. If a second choice is not marked, the race shall be considered undervoted.
(iii) If the voter has marked two target areas and placed an 'X' or slash over one of the marked areas, the choice without the 'X' or slash shall be counted as a valid vote.
(d) Not a correction. If the voter has both marked a choice correctly and placed an 'X' in the same target area, but has not marked a second target, it shall be counted as a valid vote. Changes made by the voter to wording printed on the ballot will not invalidate votes cast for that race or measure.
(e) Written instructions. If the voter has attempted to vote or correct a vote by providing written instruction regarding his or her intent, it shall be counted as the voter instructed. Written instructions can include words, circles, lines, or arrows.
(f) Identifying marks. Marks identifying the voter, such as initials, signatures, or addresses do not disqualify a ballot.
(g) Overvotes. Races or issues that have more target areas marked than are allowed are overvotes. No votes for that race or issue shall be counted. An exception is write-in votes for a candidate already printed on the ballot, as provided in (i) of this subsection.
(h) Write-in: Blank target area. If a name is written on a write-in line, it shall be counted as a valid write-in vote regardless of whether the corresponding target area is marked.
(i) Write-in: Already on the ballot. If the name of a candidate who is already printed on the ballot is written in, that vote shall not be tallied as an overvote, but shall be counted as a valid vote for the printed candidate. This applies even if both target areas are marked or no target areas are marked.
(j) Write-in: Name variations. If a write-in vote is cast for a declared write-in candidate using a commonly recognizable nickname or spelling variation, it shall be counted as a valid vote for that candidate.
(k) Write-in: Blank line. If the write-in target area is marked, but no name is written on the line, it shall not be counted as a valid vote, even though it may be tallied as a write-in vote by the tabulation system.
(l) Write-in: Blank line and candidate. If a candidate's target area is marked, and the write-in target area is marked but no name is written on the line, it shall not be tallied as an overvote, but shall be counted as a valid vote for the printed candidate.
(m) Write-in: Name combinations. If a write-in vote is cast for a candidate with a combination of names already on the ballot, it shall NOT be counted as a vote for either printed candidate, but rather shall be counted as a valid vote for the name as written.
(n) Write-in: ((Overvotes)) Candidate and write-in response area. If a candidate's target area is marked, the write-in target area is also marked, and something other than that candidate's name is written in the write-in response area, it shall be counted as an overvote and not a valid vote for any candidate. ((This applies whether or not the target area for the write-in is marked.)) If a candidate's target area is marked and the write-in target area is not marked, it shall be counted as a valid vote for the marked candidate. If the voter's intent cannot be ascertained, the ballot shall be referred to the canvassing board.
(o) Write-in: Not eligible. A write-in vote for a race not appearing on the voter's ballot shall not be counted.
Exception: If a provisional ballot has been cast and the voter has written in an office or measure that is not on the ballot, that vote shall be counted if it is determined, based on the voter's registration, that he or she is eligible to vote for that office or measure.
(p) Write-in: Vote in the wrong place. A write-in vote for a race appearing elsewhere on the ballot shall be counted as a valid vote, as long as all other requirements are fulfilled and the office, position number and political party, if applicable, are clearly indicated.
(q) Messy marks. When otherwise valid votes marked in a target area partially extend into the response area, it shall be counted as a vote if most of the mark is in the target area and intent can easily be discerned.
(r) Pattern of partisan voting. Voter intent in any single contest shall not be determined based on a pattern of partisan voting on the ballot.
Exception: On a federal write-in absentee ballot (FWAB) in which the voter has not written in a candidate's name but has written in the name of a political party, the written instructions may be counted as a vote if the canvassing board can discern that a candidate's party preference is consistent with the voter's instructions. The canvassing board shall not count the instructions as a vote if no candidate's party preference is consistent with the voter's instructions, or if multiple candidates' party preferences are consistent with the voters' instructions.
(s) Anything else. Voter intent on questionable marks not covered by the rules in this manual must be determined by county canvassing boards according to all applicable laws of the state of Washington and the canvassing board manual. Where more than one rule may apply, the county canvassing board has authority to determine which rule is most appropriate.
(2) The secretary of state shall publish an illustrated version of these standards in each optical scan and digital scan voting system used in the state. The secretary of state shall distribute the illustrated version to each county canvassing board and post it on the web site.
(3) The secretary of state shall periodically review and update the manual as necessary, and seek input from county canvassing boards and other interested parties to ensure that the standards remain current and comprehensive.
AMENDATORY SECTION (Amending WSR 11-24-064, filed 12/6/11, effective 1/6/12)
WAC 434-261-102 Resolving ballots on digital scan vote tallying systems.
In counties tabulating ballots on a digital scan vote tallying system, two staff designated by the auditor's office must resolve each ballot((s)) identified as requiring resolution. Staff resolving ballots must have completed training on voter intent rules as outlined in WAC 434-261-086. A log of the resolutions must be printed linking staff conducting the resolutions to the ballots resolved. The log must be signed by the two staff.
AMENDATORY SECTION (Amending WSR 11-24-064, filed 12/6/11, effective 1/6/12)
WAC 434-262-013 Crediting voters.
(1) A voter may not be credited for voting if the ballot was voted after election day, was received later than the day before certification of the election, or will otherwise not be counted.
(2) The crediting of voters in the county election management system must be completed prior to certification of the election.
(3) The reconciliation of voters credited with ballots counted shall be completed prior to certification of the election. The certification must include, but is not limited to, information indicating that the number of ballots counted equals the number of voters credited. If these numbers do not match, the county auditor must take steps to reconcile the numbers and any discrepancies. If the county auditor cannot reconcile the numbers, documentation of steps taken to reconcile and any other applicable information must be included with the official reconciliation.
(4) Changes to the list of registered voters, such as new registrations, transfers, or cancellations, may not be made following a general election until the crediting reconciliation is complete. Correction of errors is allowed.
(5) The county auditor shall make an electronic or paper copy of the list of registered voters immediately following this reconciliation. ((Using this data)) Following each general election, the county auditor shall ((also)) use this data to produce ((validation statistics)) the number of voters participating in the election for each ((minor)) taxing district in the county as required by WAC 434-262-017. Once the list is copied and the ((validation statistics are)) taxing district voter turnout report is complete, changes to the database may be made.
(6) Following certification of the election, each credited voter's history of voting must be updated in the statewide voter registration database.
AMENDATORY SECTION (Amending WSR 08-05-120, filed 2/19/08, effective 3/21/08)
WAC 434-262-017 ((Calculating validation figures and results for)) General election turnout for validation of bonds and levies.
(((1) For bonds and levies other than school district levies, before determining a jurisdiction's validation figures,)) Following each general election, the county auditor must determine the number of ((votes cast in the jurisdiction)) voters participating in the ((last)) general election ((must be determined. For levies, the state Constitution states, "… the number of persons voting "yes" on the proposition shall constitute three-fifths of a number equal to forty per centum of the total votes cast in such taxing district at the last preceding general election …" For example:
10,000 votes cast in the jurisdiction in the last general election x 40% = 4,000 votes x 3/5 = 2,400 votes
These numbers should be calculated based on the number of voters credited for voting in each jurisdiction, before adding, deleting, or transferring voters following the general election.
(2) When determining the results of a specific bond or levy, county auditors must not include overvotes or undervotes in the calculation. Rounding must not be used to reach the percentage of "yes" votes required for a bond or levy to pass)) for each taxing district in the county and provide this number to each district. Districts may use that number to determine the number of votes required for bond and levy passage in the next year.
The county auditor is not responsible for determining minimum turnout or yes votes required for ballot measures and shall not determine if ballot measures meet requirements for passage.
AMENDATORY SECTION (Amending WSR 09-12-078, filed 5/29/09, effective 6/29/09)
WAC 434-264-110 Manual recountProcess.
The counting board may only count the responses for one race or measure at a time. The following process to count the ballots shall be used during a recount.
(1) Each counting board shall be given the ballots one precinct or batch at a time. The results from the original count shall not be given to the counting board with the ballots. The precinct or batch number must be made available to any observers.
(2) The ((ballots)) counting board shall ((be sorted)) sort the ballots into separate stacks for each of the candidates or side of a ballot measure. Additional stacks may be created for overvotes, undervotes, and write-ins.
(3) ((Each stack of ballots must be)) Members of the counting board must manually ((counted)) count each sorted stack at least twice to confirm the number of votes ((in each stack)). The results of the manual count shall not be shared until ((both persons have counted the ballots)) each stack's count has been confirmed.
(4) ((Individual tallies for each stack shall be compared.)) If the manual stack counts match, the counting board shall report the results ((shall be reported)) to the designated staff person and the results shall be compared to the precinct or batch results previously certified.
(5) If the ((two)) manual counts do not match the precinct or batch results previously certified, the ballots shall be counted by the same counting board one more time. If the manual counts still do not match the precinct or batch results previously certified, the discrepancy must be reported to the designated staff person and the ballots referred to another counting board to be confirmed.
(6) Once the results are confirmed, the canvassing board shall amend both the cumulative and precinct abstracts to reflect the results of the recount as required by RCW 29A.64.061.
AMENDATORY SECTION (Amending WSR 14-06-040, filed 2/26/14, effective 3/29/14)
WAC 434-324-115 Challenge of voter's registration.
(1) All county auditors and the secretary of state shall furnish to the public on request forms that allow a registered voter to challenge the registration of another voter pursuant to RCW 29A.08.810 through 29A.08.850. The secretary of state must make the form available on its web site.
(2) Voter registration challenges filed with the county auditor shall be published on the county auditor's web site as required by RCW 29A.08.835. The final decision of the county auditor or canvassing board shall also be posted on the county auditor's web site. The challenge and final decision must remain on the county auditor's web site for one month after the final decision was made.
AMENDATORY SECTION (Amending WSR 16-13-063, filed 6/13/16, effective 7/14/16)
WAC 434-335-330 Logic and accuracy test certification.
(1) The official logic and accuracy test shall be certified by the county auditor or deputy, the secretary of state representative, and any political party observers for a state primary or general election in accordance with RCW 29A.12.130. Additionally, the county auditor must verify in writing that the version numbers for all software, firmware, and hardware of the voting system used have not changed from the certified versions.
(2) The county auditor shall provide the secretary of state representative copies of the following documents:
(a) Test results;
(b) A zero report;
(c) Signed verification of the version numbers;
(d) Signed certification of the official logic and accuracy test;
(e) A test log of:
(i) The number of accessible voting units to be used in the primary or election; and
(ii) The electronic duplication system, if electronic duplication will be used in the primary or election; and
(f) Any other documentation requested by the secretary of state representative in advance of the official test.
(3) Copies of the certification documents must be retained by the secretary of state and the county auditor. All test results, test ballots, the signed certification, and a copy of the tabulation programming or the actual tabulation equipment must be kept in secure storage ((until the equipment is used for a primary or election. The secure storage must use numbered seals and logs that will detect any inappropriate access)) as defined in WAC 434-261-045 until ballots are to be tabulated.
(4) If, for any reason, changes are made to the ballot counting programming after the official logic and accuracy test, an emergency logic and accuracy test must be conducted pursuant to WAC 434-335-310.
AMENDATORY SECTION (Amending WSR 10-03-072, filed 1/18/10, effective 2/18/10)
WAC 434-335-550 Direct recording electronic target area tests.
Each county employing a direct recording electronic voting device must conduct a test to confirm that the target area indicated on each ballot face is programmed correctly. If the direct recording electronic device is going to be employed as an electronic ballot marker, the county must follow the requirements of WAC 434-335-560. Otherwise, the county must test ((all ballot styles on at least one)) each device to ensure that the programming is correctly counting and accumulating every office, measure, and selection by the voter.
AMENDATORY SECTION (Amending WSR 08-05-120, filed 2/19/08, effective 3/21/08)
WAC 434-335-560 Electronic ballot marker test.
Each county employing an electronic ballot marker must conduct a test to confirm the target area indicated on each ballot face is programmed correctly. The county must test all ballot styles ((on at least one device to ensure the programming is correctly marking the target area for every office, measure, and selection by the voter)) using the ballot marker programming and test all devices to ensure each device is marking ballots correctly.
AMENDATORY SECTION (Amending WSR 12-14-074, filed 7/2/12, effective 8/2/12)
WAC 434-379-012 Acceptance of signatures.
(1) The secretary of state must determine if the person who signed a petition is registered to vote. The information may be researched in voter registration records using first name, last name, address, or any combination thereof. A signature may not be rejected merely because:
(a) The person signed with a middle name, nickname, or initials instead of the first name in the voter registration records, as long as the handwriting is clearly the same;
(b) The last name on the petition differs from the last name in the voter registration records, as long as the addresses and the handwriting on the first name are clearly the same;
(c) The last name on the petition or in the voter registration records is hyphenated while the last name in the other source is not;
(d) The first name and last name on the petition are reversed in the voter registration records;
(e) The address on the petition does not match the address in the voter registration records;
(f) The handwriting on the printed name or address does not match the handwriting on the signature; or
(g) The voter is on inactive status.
(2) If the secretary of state is unable to locate the person in the voter registration records, the signature shall be rejected as not registered to vote.
(3) If the person is registered to vote, the signature on the petition sheet must be matched to the signature in the person's voter registration record using the standards in WAC 434-379-020. If the signature on the petition:
(a) Is handwritten and matches the signature in the voter registration record according to the standards in WAC 434-379-020, the signature must be accepted.
(b) Does not match the signature in the voter registration record, the signature must be rejected.
(c) Matches the signature in the voter registration record but another signature on the petition has already been accepted for that voter, the subsequent signature must be rejected as a duplicate.
AMENDATORY SECTION (Amending WSR 06-02-028, filed 12/28/05, effective 1/28/06)
WAC 434-379-020 Signature verification standard.
A signature on a petition sheet must be matched to the signature on file in the voter registration records. The following characteristics must be utilized to evaluate signatures to determine whether they are by the same writer:
(1) The signature is handwritten.
(2) Agreement in style and general appearance, including basic construction, skill, alignment, fluency, and a general uniformity and consistency between signatures;
(((2))) (3) Agreement in the proportions of individual letters, height to width, and heights of the upper to lower case letters;
(((3))) (4) Irregular spacing, slants, or sizes of letters that are duplicated in both signatures;
(((4))) (5) After considering the general traits, agreement of the most distinctive, unusual traits of the signatures.
A single distinctive trait is insufficient to conclude that the signatures are by the same writer. There must be a combination or cluster of shared characteristics. Likewise, there must be a cluster of differences to conclude that the signatures are by different writers.